CN115452041A - Cyclone burner and evaluation method of combustion state thereof - Google Patents
Cyclone burner and evaluation method of combustion state thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115452041A CN115452041A CN202210992739.XA CN202210992739A CN115452041A CN 115452041 A CN115452041 A CN 115452041A CN 202210992739 A CN202210992739 A CN 202210992739A CN 115452041 A CN115452041 A CN 115452041A
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- burner
- test tube
- flue gas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
- F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cyclone burner and an evaluation method of a combustion state of the cyclone burner, and belongs to the technical field of boilers. The cyclone burner comprises a burner body, a test tube and a test device, wherein the test device is movably arranged in the test tube, and the test tube is arranged on the burner body. The method for evaluating the combustion state of the cyclone burner comprises the steps of measuring the temperature and the content of smoke components by moving a testing device in a testing tube, finding out an ignition point, judging whether air distribution is reasonable or not, calculating a chemical equivalence ratio according to a formula, comparing the chemical equivalence ratio with an expected value, and judging whether the air-powder ratio meets an expectation or not.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of boilers, and particularly relates to a cyclone burner and an evaluation method of a combustion state of the cyclone burner.
Background
The opposed firing boiler is generally designed with dozens of cyclone burners, and each burner is independently organized to fire. The quality of the combustion state of a single burner has great influence on the integral temperature uniformity of the boiler, the safety of the burner, the economical efficiency of the boiler operation and the environmental protection.
The inventor finds that the prior arts at least have the following technical problems in the practical use process:
the traditional test method is used for evaluating the overall combustion state of the boiler by testing the oxygen content at the outlet of the hearth, the CO concentration and the flame temperature of the hearth, cannot accurately master the operation state of a single combustor, and is not beneficial to carrying out fine adjustment on the boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the inventor of the invention continuously reforms and innovates through long-term exploration and trial and a plurality of experiments and endeavors, and provides a cyclone burner and a combustion state evaluation method thereof, which can detect parameters of a single cyclone burner in a boiler so as to judge the combustion state of the cyclone burner and facilitate subsequent fine adjustment of the boiler.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the swirl burner comprises a burner body, a test tube and a test device, wherein the test device is movably arranged in the test tube, and the test tube is arranged on the burner body.
According to the swirl burner, the further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the combustor body is annular reflux combustor, the test tube divide into first test tube and second test tube, first test tube sets up the primary air pipe outer wall at the combustor body, and the second test tube sets up in the overgrate air pipe of combustor body.
According to the invention, a further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the combustor body is central reflux combustor, the test tube divide into first test tube and second test tube, first test tube sets up in the first air pipe of combustor body, and the second test tube sets up in the secondary air pipe of combustor body.
According to the swirl burner, the further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the end part of the test tube is made of high-temperature resistant material.
According to the swirl burner, the further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the testing device is divided into a temperature testing device and a smoke testing device, the temperature testing device and the smoke testing device are movably arranged in the first testing pipe, and the smoke testing device is movably arranged in the second testing pipe.
A method for evaluating a combustion state of a cyclone burner is provided, which includes the steps of:
(1) Taking a nozzle of the cyclone burner as a base point, putting a temperature testing device and a flue gas testing device into a first testing pipe, moving the temperature testing device and the flue gas testing device, and detecting and recording a temperature value and the content of flue gas components;
(2) Processing the measured temperature and smoke component data, finding out an ignition point, and judging whether air distribution is reasonable, wherein the ignition point is a place where carbon monoxide rapidly rises, oxygen rapidly falls and the temperature rapidly rises;
(3) Put into the second test tube with flue gas testing arrangement, remove flue gas testing arrangement to preset the position, measure the volume fraction of presetting position department carbon monoxide and the volume fraction of oxygen, according to the formula: calculating the chemical equivalence ratio K1 of the cyclone burner to be evaluated;
(4) And comparing the calculated K1 value with an expected value, and judging whether the air-powder ratio of the cyclone burner to be evaluated is reasonable.
According to the method for evaluating the combustion state of the cyclone burner, the further preferable technical scheme is as follows: in the step (1), the temperature testing device is gradually extended into the hearth from the first testing tube by taking 1 cm as a stepping unit, and the temperature is recorded from a base point; the method comprises the steps of taking 1 cm as a stepping unit, enabling the smoke testing device to gradually extend into a hearth from a first testing pipe, extracting smoke from a base point, and measuring the volume fractions of oxygen and carbon monoxide in the smoke.
According to the method for evaluating the combustion state of the cyclone burner, the further preferable technical scheme is as follows: in the step (3), any two positions which are 500mm to 1000mm away from the base point are selected as preset positions to extract the flue gas, the volume fractions of the carbon monoxide and the oxygen at the preset positions are respectively averaged, and the K1 is calculated.
According to the method for evaluating the combustion state of the cyclone burner, the further preferable technical scheme is as follows: in the step (4), according to the method in the step (3), calculating the chemical equivalence ratio of each cyclone burner in the opposed firing boiler, and summing the stoichiometric equivalence ratios to obtain an average value, wherein the average value is an expected value.
According to the method for evaluating the combustion state of the cyclone burner, the further preferable technical scheme is as follows: in the step (4), the deviation of the calculated K1 value and the expected value is not more than 5%, so that the combustion state of the cyclone burner is good, and the air-powder ratio is reasonable; and if the deviation of the calculated K1 value and the expected value is more than 5%, adjusting the air-powder ratio of the combustor until the K1 meets the expectation.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages/beneficial effects:
the burner body is provided with the measuring tube and the testing device, the testing device can move in the measuring tube to test the temperature and the smoke component content at the preset position, the ignition point can be found out through data arrangement, so that whether the air distribution is reasonable or not can be judged, the chemical equivalence ratio K can be calculated through the measured data, and the chemical equivalence ratio K is compared with the expected value, so that whether the air-powder ratio is reasonable or not can be judged. The invention evaluates the cyclone burner from two angles of ignition position and air-powder ratio, can clearly know the combustion state of a single cyclone burner in the boiler, and is beneficial to the subsequent targeted adjustment of the boiler.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of an annular flow back combustor of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the central reflux condenser of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the temperature variation with distance according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the volume fractions of oxygen and carbon monoxide as a function of distance in this example
The labels in the figure are respectively: the device comprises a 1 secondary air pipe, a 2 second test pipe, a 3 nozzle expanding cone, a 5 first test pipe, a 6 water-cooled wall, a 7 central air pipe, a 8 primary air pipe, a 9 burner body and a 10 test device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a cyclone burner includes: burner body, test tube and test fixture 10. In this embodiment, the burner body is an annular backflow burner, which is one of the cyclone burners, and the flame of the burner body is annular.
The annular backflow burner is in the prior art and generally comprises a primary air pipe 8, a central air pipe 7, a nozzle expanding cone 3, a secondary air pipe 1 and a nozzle area water-cooled wall 6.
The test tube divide into first test tube 5 and second test tube 2, first test tube 5 longitudinal arrangement is in 8 outer walls of primary air pipe, the second test tube 2 with the parallel arrangement of first test tube 5 in secondary air pipe 1, the front end of second test tube 2 and first test tube 5 extends to spout expander 3 department, nevertheless all does not exceed spout expander 3. The first test tube 5 and the second test tube 2 are made of high-temperature-resistant materials, and the first test tube 5 and the second test tube 2 are prevented from being burnt by flame.
An opening is provided at the spout flare 3 for the passage of the test device 10. The testing device 10 is divided into a temperature testing device and a smoke testing device, wherein the temperature testing device is used for measuring temperature, and the smoke testing device is used for testing smoke content. The temperature testing device and the smoke testing device are movably arranged in the first testing pipe 5 and used for finding an ignition point, and whether the air distribution of the burner body is reasonable or not can be judged through the ignition point; the second test tube 2 is internally provided with a smoke test device in a movable mode and used for measuring the volume fraction of oxygen and the volume fraction of carbon monoxide at a preset position and calculating the chemical equivalence ratio K through a formula.
The temperature testing device is a high temperature resistant thermocouple, the flue gas testing device includes: the device comprises a water-cooled flue gas sampling device and a flue gas analyzer, wherein the water-cooled flue gas sampling tube is connected with the flue gas analyzer, and the flue gas analyzer is used for analyzing the contents of oxygen and carbon monoxide in a sample after the sample is cooled through the water-cooled flue gas sampling tube.
A plurality of cyclone burners are installed on the opposed firing boiler. The ignition point of the cyclone burner can be found by the test tube and the test apparatus 10, and the stoichiometric ratio is calculated by the formula. The method has the advantages that the ignition point is found, the nozzle coking and the expanded cone burning loss can be prevented, the chemical equivalence ratio can be calculated, whether the air-powder ratio of the cyclone burner is balanced or not can be judged, the efficiency improvement and the nitrogen reduction of the boiler can be facilitated, and the thermal deviation can be prevented.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present invention, the burner body is not limited to the annular backflow burner, but may also be a central backflow burner, which is also a kind of cyclone burner, and the firing point of the central backflow burner is different from that of the annular backflow burner, except that the installation position of the first test tube 5 is different, the installation positions of the central backflow burner and the annular backflow burner are similar, so that redundant description is omitted.
In the central reflux combustor, the first test tube 5 is arranged in the primary air pipe 8, and for the central reflux combustor provided with the central air pipe 7, the first test tube 5 can be arranged in the central air pipe 7.
A method of evaluating a combustion state of a cyclone burner, comprising the steps of:
(1) Detecting and recording the temperature value change process:
the temperature measuring device is placed in the first measuring tube 5, and a 0-150 cm graduated scale is arranged outside the furnace by taking the nozzle as a base point.
The temperature testing device is gradually extended into the hearth from the first testing tube 5 by taking 1 cm as a stepping unit, and the temperature is recorded from 0 position.
(2) Detecting and recording the change process of smoke components:
the flue gas testing device is placed in the first testing tube 5, the nozzle is used as a base point, and a graduated scale of 0-150 cm is arranged outside the furnace.
The flue gas testing device is made to gradually extend into the hearth from the first testing pipe 5 by taking 1 cm as a stepping unit, and the volume fractions of oxygen and carbon monoxide are recorded from 0 position.
(3) Finding an ignition point:
the temperature data and the flue gas composition data measured in the above steps are processed to draw a graph of temperature as a function of distance as shown in fig. 3, and a graph of volume fractions of oxygen and carbon monoxide as a function of distance as shown in fig. 4. A location is found where the carbon monoxide rises rapidly, the oxygen falls rapidly, and the temperature rises rapidly, while the volume fraction of oxygen is below 15%, which is the ignition point, for example, the location of fig. 3 and 4 from X.
(4) And judging whether the air distribution of the cyclone burner is reasonable or not according to the position of the ignition point.
The distance between the ignition point and the nozzle is less than 20cm, the ignition point is too close to the nozzle, the temperature is high, the nozzle is easy to coke, the expanded cone is easy to burn, and the air distribution is unreasonable; the distance between the ignition point and the nozzle is more than 40cm, the ignition point is too far away from the nozzle, the ignition is late, and the air distribution is unreasonable.
(5) Calculating the chemical equivalence ratio K of the single cyclone burner:
and inserting the flue gas testing device into the hearth from the second testing pipe 2, and moving to a preset position to measure the volume fraction of oxygen and the volume fraction of carbon monoxide in the flue gas. The preset positions are selected within a range from 50cm to 100cm away from the nozzles, a plurality of preset positions can be arranged, and then the volume fraction of oxygen and the volume fraction of carbon monoxide are respectively calculated by taking the average value, so that the error is reduced.
The volume fraction of test oxygen and the volume fraction of carbon monoxide are chosen in this example at a distance of 50cm and 100cm, respectively, from the orifice.
The formula for the stoichiometric ratio K, the inverse of the air excess coefficient α, the air excess coefficient α =21/{21-79 (W) O2 -0.5W CO -W C )/[100-(W RO2 +W CO )]Because in the above formula, more data need to be tested and the unburned carbon content is not easily measured.
Therefore, the simple excess air coefficient beta = 21/(21 + 0.5W) is obtained after alpha is simplified according to the practical application condition CO -W O2 ) And the simple data of the excess air coefficient beta is easy to measure, the error is small, and the practicability is strong.
According to the formula:
the stoichiometric ratio K1 of the burner to be evaluated is calculated.
(6) And comparing the calculated chemical equivalence ratio K1 of the single combustor with an expected value, judging whether the air-powder ratio of the cyclone combustor is reasonable, and if the K1 is consistent with the expected value, achieving the expected effect and ensuring that the air-powder ratio is reasonable.
In this embodiment, the stoichiometric ratio of each cyclone burner in the opposed-impact boiler is calculated through the step (5), and then an average value is taken, and the average value is the expected value. However, the present invention is not limited to the average value as the desired value, and may be a desired value set to expect the preset effect.
Comparing the K1 with an expected value, and if the deviation of the K1 is less than 5% compared with the expected value, the combustion state of the cyclone burner is good, the air-powder ratio is reasonable, and the cyclone burner does not need to be adjusted; if the deviation of K1 from the expected value is greater than 5%, a targeted adjustment should be made until K1 is as expected.
In this embodiment, the stoichiometric ratio of each cyclone burner can be repeatedly compared with the expected value, and the operation state of the entire boiler can be determined. If the deviation of each cyclone burner from the expected value is less than 5%, the overall operation condition of the boiler is good; if the deviation between the stoichiometric ratio of some cyclone combustors and the expected value is larger than 5%, the problems of inconsistent power, unbalanced combustion and more pollutant emissions of each cyclone combustor exist, and the cyclone combustors with larger deviation need to be adjusted.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation that the first and second features are not in direct contact, but are in contact via another feature between them. Also, the first feature "on," "above" and "over" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. The first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The cyclone burner comprises a burner body and is characterized by further comprising a testing tube and a testing device, wherein the testing device is movably arranged in the testing tube, and the testing tube is arranged on the burner body.
2. The cyclone burner of claim 1, wherein the burner body is an annular backflow burner, the test tube is divided into a first test tube and a second test tube, the first test tube is arranged on the outer wall of the primary air pipe of the burner body, and the second test tube is arranged in the secondary air pipe of the burner body.
3. The cyclone burner of claim 1, wherein the burner body is a central backflow burner, the test tube is divided into a first test tube and a second test tube, the first test tube is disposed in a primary air tube of the burner body, and the second test tube is disposed in a secondary air tube of the burner body.
4. A cyclone burner according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the end of the test tube is of a high temperature resistant material.
5. The cyclone burner of claim 4, wherein the testing device is divided into a temperature testing device and a flue gas testing device, the temperature testing device and the flue gas testing device are movably arranged in a first testing tube, and the flue gas testing device is movably arranged in a second testing tube.
6. A method of evaluating a combustion state of a cyclone burner comprising the cyclone burner of claim 5, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) Taking a nozzle of the cyclone burner as a base point, putting a temperature testing device and a flue gas testing device into a first testing pipe, moving the temperature testing device and the flue gas testing device, and detecting and recording a temperature value and the content of flue gas components;
(2) Processing the measured temperature and smoke component data, finding out an ignition point, and judging whether air distribution is reasonable, wherein the ignition point is a place where carbon monoxide rapidly rises, oxygen rapidly falls and the temperature rapidly rises;
(3) Put into the second test tube with flue gas testing arrangement, remove flue gas testing arrangement to preset the position, measure the volume fraction of presetting position department carbon monoxide and the volume fraction of oxygen, according to the formula:
calculating the chemical equivalence ratio K1 of the cyclone burner to be evaluated;
(4) And comparing the calculated K1 value with an expected value, and judging whether the air-powder ratio of the cyclone burner to be evaluated is reasonable.
7. The method for evaluating a combustion state of a cyclone burner according to claim 6, wherein in the step (1), the temperature measuring device is gradually extended from the first measuring tube into the furnace in a unit of step of 1 cm, and the temperature is recorded from a base point; and (3) taking 1 cm as a stepping unit of the flue gas testing device, gradually extending the flue gas testing device into the hearth from the first testing pipe, extracting the flue gas from a base point, and measuring the volume fractions of oxygen and carbon monoxide in the flue gas.
8. The method for evaluating the combustion state of the cyclone burner as recited in claim 6, wherein in the step (3), any two positions within a range of 500mm to 1000mm from the base point are selected as the preset positions to extract the flue gas, and the volume fractions of the carbon monoxide and the oxygen at the preset positions are respectively averaged to calculate the K1.
9. The method for evaluating a combustion state of a cyclone burner as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (4), a stoichiometric ratio to each cyclone burner in the impulse combustion boiler is calculated according to the method of the step (3), and the sum is taken as an average value, and the average value is an expected value.
10. The method for evaluating the combustion state of the cyclone burner as recited in claim 9, wherein in the step (4), the deviation of the calculated K1 value from the expected value is not more than 5%, the combustion state of the cyclone burner is good, and the air-powder ratio is reasonable; and if the deviation of the calculated K1 value and the expected value is more than 5%, adjusting the air-powder ratio of the combustor until the K1 meets the expectation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210992739.XA CN115452041A (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2022-08-18 | Cyclone burner and evaluation method of combustion state thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210992739.XA CN115452041A (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2022-08-18 | Cyclone burner and evaluation method of combustion state thereof |
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| CN202210992739.XA Pending CN115452041A (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2022-08-18 | Cyclone burner and evaluation method of combustion state thereof |
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