CN115451718A

CN115451718A - Multistage evaporation radiation heat exchange device

Info

Publication number: CN115451718A
Application number: CN202211194184.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯建新
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-09-28
Filing date: 2022-09-28
Publication date: 2022-12-09

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a multistage evaporation radiation heat exchange device, which comprises a thermotechnical main body, wherein the thermotechnical main body comprises a high-temperature section with the surface temperature being equal to or greater than 200 ℃, a plurality of heat exchange devices are axially arranged outside the high-temperature section to absorb radiation waste heat of the high-temperature section, each heat exchange device comprises an evaporator and a heat insulation layer, the evaporator is sleeved outside the high-temperature section and is provided with a gap, the heat insulation layer is sleeved outside the evaporator and is provided with a gap, the bottom and the top of each heat exchange device are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet which penetrate through the evaporator and the heat insulation layers, and a fan is arranged at the air inlet; normal temperature air blown by the fan cools an area with overhigh temperature of the outer surface of the high-temperature section of the thermotechnical main body, so that the temperature of the outer surface of the thermotechnical main body tends to be balanced and stable, and the evaporator is heated uniformly; the hot air, which absorbs heat, transfers the heat to the evaporator in a convective heat transfer. The steam yield of the evaporator can be improved by two heat exchange modes of radiation and convection, so that the generated energy is greatly increased, and the heat recovery device is suitable for the technical field of heat recovery.

Description

Multistage evaporation radiation heat exchange device

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of heat recovery, in particular to a multistage evaporation radiation heat exchange device.

Background

The thermal main body equipment in the market at present comprises a cement clinker rotary kiln, an active lime calcining kiln, a glass melting kiln, a tunnel kiln system and the like in the building material industry, a bauxite calcining rotary kiln, a smelting blast furnace system and the like in the metallurgy industry, a coke oven and the like in the coke industry, which are all roughly divided into three parts: the high temperature of the radiation waste heat can not only cause great adverse effect on the working environment of workers, but also shorten the service life of the thermotechnical main body equipment, and need frequent use and replacement of expensive high temperature resistant materials for isolation protection, thereby increasing extra cost; and because the high-temperature radiation waste heat can not be absorbed and utilized, the high-temperature heat carried by the high-temperature radiation waste heat is wasted wastefully, so that the heat efficiency of the whole thermal equipment is greatly reduced.

Most of the methods for using radiation waste heat in the existing thermotechnical main facilities adopt a low-grade method that heat insulation materials are arranged on a thermotechnical main body to reduce heat dissipation loss, air is heated in a small amount and is used for a production system, and a heating device for producing and living hot water absorbs radiation waste heat in a small amount. The comprehensive utilization of radiant waste heat in production and new products is a technical bottleneck of main facilities of heat engineering, and needs to be broken through urgently.

Through continuous exploration and research, the characteristics that the temperature of a material contact area of a thermotechnical main body facility is higher and the temperature of a non-contact area of the material and the facility is lower are analyzed according to the property of radiation heat dissipation of the outer surface of the thermotechnical main body facility, and the aim is difficult to achieve in the industry. An efficient device and continuous production process thereof are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome above-mentioned technical bottleneck, provide multistage evaporation radiation heat transfer device in this application embodiment, including the thermal technology main part a plurality of heat transfer device are installed along the axial to thermal technology main part high temperature section outside, heat transfer device includes evaporimeter and insulating layer, the evaporimeter cover is located the thermal technology main part is outside and leave the clearance, the insulating layer cover is located the evaporimeter is outside and leave the clearance, heat transfer device bottom and top have been seted up respectively and have been run through the air outlet and the income wind gap of evaporimeter and insulating layer, air outlet and income wind gap are equallyd divide do not be linked together with clearance between thermal technology main part surface and the evaporimeter and the clearance between evaporimeter and the insulating layer, it is equipped with the fan to go into wind gap department.

Further, the evaporimeter includes that the cover is located behind two locks evaporimeter nest of tubes on the thermotechnical main part, the insulating layer includes that the cover is located behind two locks thermal-insulated module on the evaporimeter, and the evaporimeter nest of tubes that lies in thermotechnical main part with one side and thermal-insulated module link to each other through the connector, and the connector that lies in thermotechnical main part both sides is connected.

Furthermore, each evaporator tube group comprises a plurality of evaporation tubes which are arranged at intervals and are communicated with each other, the two ends of each evaporation tube are respectively communicated with an inlet header and an outlet header, and the shapes and the arrangement modes of the evaporation tubes are mainly limited by the shapes of the thermal main bodies.

Further, every thermal-insulated module all includes reflecting plate and guard plate by inside-out interval setting, it has insulation material to fill between reflecting plate and the guard plate.

Furthermore, a plurality of output ends of the heat exchange devices are respectively connected with a steam drum through an ascending pipe group, a water outlet end of the steam drum is connected with an input end of the heat exchange device through a descending pipe group, and a gas outlet end of the steam drum is connected with a superheater.

Furthermore, an infrared temperature measuring device is arranged at the air outlet.

Furthermore, the input end and the output end of the heat exchange device are both provided with a regulating valve group.

By adopting the multistage evaporation radiation heat exchange device provided by the embodiment of the application, a plurality of heat exchange devices are sleeved outside the high-temperature section of the thermotechnical main body to absorb radiation waste heat generated by the high-temperature section of the thermotechnical main body; the air outlet and the air inlet are respectively formed in the top and the bottom of the heat exchange device, the fan blows air to the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body and into a gap between the evaporator and the heat insulation layer, the area with overhigh temperature of the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body is cooled, meanwhile, hot air flows in the gap from bottom to top, partial heat of the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body is transferred to the evaporator in a convection heat transfer mode, finally, the radiation heat dissipation of the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body tends to be uniform, therefore, the heated temperature of the evaporator tends to be uniform, and a high-quality steam-water mixture is generated.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage evaporation radiation heat exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an evaporator tube bank and a heat insulation module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at I;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of evaporator tubes according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another arrangement of evaporator tubes according to an embodiment of the present application;

wherein, 10 is the thermal main body, 20 is heat transfer device, 201 is the air outlet, 202 is the air inlet, 203 is the fan, 204 is the decline nest of tubes, 205 is the rise nest of tubes, 206 is linking bridge, 207 is the connector, 208 is fixed gusset, 30 is the evaporimeter, 301 is the evaporimeter nest of tubes, 302 is the import header, 303 is the export header, 40 is the insulating layer, 401 is thermal-insulated module, 402 is the reflecting plate, 403 is the guard plate, 404 is insulation material, 50 is the steam pocket, 60 is the kiln hood, 601 is the over heater, 70 is the grate cooler, 80 is the steam turbine, 90 is the regulating valve group.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following further detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application is made with reference to fig. 1 to 6, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the process of implementing the present application, the inventor finds that the traditional thermal main body radiation waste heat recovery equipment mostly adopts a low-grade method that the thermal insulation material is arranged on the thermal main body to reduce the heat dissipation loss, a small amount of air is heated and used for a production system, and a small amount of heating devices for producing and using hot water for life absorb radiation waste heat. However, because the radiation waste heat divergence on the outer surface of the hot working body is not uniform, the temperature of the area of the bottom calcined material is higher and the temperature of the upper calcined material is lower, so that the equipment for collecting the radiation waste heat is heated unevenly.

In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a multistage evaporation radiation heat exchange device, which includes a thermal main body 10, a plurality of heat exchange devices 20 are axially installed outside a high-temperature section of the thermal main body 10, the heat exchange devices 20 are installed at a position of the thermal main body 10 where temperature is higher, specifically, a high-temperature region with a surface temperature of not less than 200 ℃, the heat exchange devices 20 include an evaporator 30 and a heat insulation layer 40, the evaporator 30 is sleeved outside the thermal main body 10, and a gap is left between the evaporator 30 and an outer surface of the thermal main body 10, the heat insulation layer 40 is sleeved outside the evaporator 30, and a gap is left between the evaporator 30, an air outlet 201 and an air inlet 202 penetrating through the evaporator 30 and the heat insulation layer 40 are respectively formed at the bottom and the top of each heat exchange device 20, the air outlet 201 and the air inlet 202 are respectively communicated with the gap between the thermal main body 10 and the evaporator 30 and the gap between the evaporator 30, and the gap between the evaporator 30 and the heat insulation layer 40, and a fan 203 is arranged at the air inlet 202.

Specifically, when the thermal equipment normally operates, the evaporator 30 in the heat exchanging device 20 absorbs the radiation waste heat from the higher temperature section of the thermal main body 10 on the one hand; on the other hand, the fan 203 inputs external cold air into the heat exchanger 20 through the air inlet 202, the cold air passes through the outer surface of the thermal main body 10, and cools a local overheating area at the bottom of the thermal main body 10 due to high temperature of clinker, the heated air is collected and exhausted to the air outlet 201 respectively along the gap between the thermal main body 10 and the evaporator 30 and the gap between the evaporator 30 and the heat insulation layer 40, and in the process, the heated air transfers heat between the outer surface of the thermal main body 10 and the evaporator 30 to form convection heat transfer, so that the temperature of each area on the outer surface of the thermal main body 10 gradually tends to be stable while the heat loss of the fan 203 is taken away, and thus each area of the evaporator 30 is uniformly heated, the heat exchange medium in the evaporator 30 is uniformly and fully heated, the quality and the yield of the steam-water mixture are improved, and the generated electricity is greatly increased.

As a preferred scheme, the evaporator 30 includes two evaporator tube sets 301 fastened and sleeved on the thermal main body 10, the thermal insulation layer 40 includes two thermal insulation modules 401 fastened and sleeved on the evaporator 30, the evaporator tube sets 301 and the thermal insulation modules 401 located on the same side are connected together through the connectors 207, and the connectors 207 located on both sides of the thermal main body 10 are connected together.

Specifically, the evaporator tube group 301 and the heat insulation module 401 which are positioned on the same side of the thermal main body 10 are integrally arranged, the heat insulation module 401 is externally connected with a fixing rib plate 208, the fixing rib plate 208 and the heat insulation module 401 are arranged at intervals and are also connected through a connector 207, openings are formed in the positions, corresponding to the air outlet 201 and the air inlet 202, of the fixing rib plate 208, a connecting support 206 arranged on the ground is adopted, the integrated structure formed by the evaporator tube group 301, the heat insulation module 401 and the fixing rib plate 208 and positioned on the same side is fixed, and connectors 207 of the integrated structure positioned on two sides of the thermal main body 10 are mutually connected and then sleeved on the thermal main body 10 to complete the assembly of the heat exchange device 20;

adopt the integral type structure to divide heat transfer device 20 into about two modules, on the one hand because will reserve air outlet 201 and income wind gap 202 that is located heat transfer device 20 top and bottom, on the other hand, such design can bring convenient to detach, reduce cost of maintenance's benefit, take place to damage and need change if certain evaporimeter nest of tubes 301, only need to remove about two integral type structures connect the back and dismantle the integral type structure of this side from linking bridge 206, and need not like traditional heat transfer device with whole heat transfer device dismantlement change, a large amount of cost of maintenance have been saved.

As a preferable scheme, each evaporator tube group 301 includes a plurality of evaporation tubes arranged at intervals and communicated with each other, two ends of each evaporation tube are respectively communicated with an inlet header 302 and an outlet header 303, and the shapes and arrangement of the evaporation tubes are mainly limited by the shape of the thermal main body 10.

Specifically, under the condition that the whole heating area of the evaporator tube bank 301 is not changed, the evaporation pipelines may be transversely arranged, vertically arranged, single-spiral arranged, double-spiral arranged, triple-spiral arranged, and the like, when the thermal main body 10 is cylindrical, such as a rotary kiln, the evaporation pipelines are uniformly and transversely arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder, two vertically arranged semi-circular pipelines (i.e., the inlet header 302 and the outlet header 303) are respectively communicated with the evaporation pipelines transversely arranged, or a plurality of semi-circular pipelines are uniformly and vertically arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder, and then two vertically arranged evaporation pipelines (i.e., the inlet header 302 and the outlet header 303) are respectively communicated with the semi-circular pipelines … …, which are not described herein again with respect to the single-spiral, multiple-spiral and other arrangement means, and when the thermal main body 10 is square, a water-cooled wall may be used as an evaporator instead of the evaporation pipelines.

Specifically, the evaporation pipes may be arranged in a single row, in a double row, in a multiple row, in a parallel arrangement or in a staggered arrangement when the multiple rows are arranged, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.

Preferably, each thermal insulation module 401 includes a reflective plate 402 and a protective plate 403 spaced from inside to outside, and a thermal insulation material 404 is filled between the reflective plate 402 and the protective plate 403.

Specifically, the reflective plate 402 may be made of a heat reflective material, the reflective material may be a composite aluminum foil film, and after the reflective plate 402 is coated, the reflective plate 402 may partially block the radiation waste heat generated from the thermal main body 10 between the outer surface of the thermal main body 10 and the evaporator tube set 301, and the heat exchange mode of the heat exchange device 20 is not only the radiation heat absorption and the convection heat exchange, but also the heat reflection heat exchange is increased, and the three heat exchange modes are performed simultaneously, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange device 20.

As a preferred scheme, the present application further includes a kiln hood 60 and a grate cooler 70 sequentially connected to the thermal main body 10, output ends (i.e., outlet headers 303) of the plurality of heat exchange devices 20 are respectively connected to the steam drum 50 through an ascending pipe group 205, a water outlet end of the steam drum 50 is connected to an input end (i.e., inlet header 302) of the heat exchange device through a descending pipe group 204, a kiln hood boiler is disposed above the kiln hood 60, a superheater 601 is disposed above an inside of the kiln hood boiler, a gas outlet end of the steam drum 50 is connected to the superheater 601, a water outlet end of the steam drum 50 is connected to the descending pipe group 204, and an output end of the superheater 601 is connected to the steam turbine 80.

Specifically, an inlet header 302 is communicated with a descending tube group 204, an outlet header 303 is communicated with an ascending tube group 205, input ends (namely, inlet headers 302) of evaporator tube groups 301 located on the left and right sides of a thermal main body 10 penetrate through an air inlet 202 to be connected with the descending tube group 204, similarly, output ends (namely, outlet headers 303) of the evaporator tube groups 301 located on the left and right sides of the thermal main body 10 penetrate through an air outlet 201 to be connected with the ascending tube group 205, treated low-temperature deoxygenation makeup water is input into the inlet header 302 from the descending tube group 204 through a steam drum 50, the inlet header 302 uniformly distributes the low-temperature deoxygenation water in the evaporator tube groups 301, the low-temperature deoxygenation water is heated into a steam-water mixture at 170-175 ℃ and then collected in the outlet header 303 through radiation heat exchange of the thermal main body 10 and convection heat exchange generated by a fan 203, the low-temperature deoxygenation water is input into the steam drum 50 through the ascending tube group 205 to perform steam-water separation, separated steam and low-temperature water are returned to the descending tube group 204 and enter into the steam turbine 301 again for recycling, and steam enters a medium-temperature steam turbine 80 to perform power generation, and steam generation is performed.

As a preferred scheme, the air outlet 201 is provided with an infrared temperature measuring device for detecting the temperature of the outer surface of the thermal main body 10 in real time, so as to adjust the output power of the fan 203, so that the outer surface of the thermal main body 10 does not exceed the rated temperature, prevent the outer surface of the thermal main body 10 from overheating, and further prolong the service life of the thermal main body 10.

As a preferable scheme, the input end and the output end of the heat exchange device 20 are both provided with a regulating valve group 90, and the flow rates of the input end and the output end in the heat exchange device 20 are controlled by regulating the size of the regulating valve group 90, so as to control the gas production rate and the gas production temperature of the heat exchange device 20; on the other hand, the regulating valve group 90 can be completely closed, and a heat exchange device 20 needing to be maintained is separated from the whole system, so that the normal operation of other heat exchange devices 20 cannot be influenced during maintenance.

By adopting the multistage evaporation radiation heat exchange device provided by the embodiment of the application, a plurality of heat exchange devices are sleeved outside the thermotechnical main body to absorb radiation waste heat generated by the thermotechnical main body; an air outlet and an air inlet are respectively formed in the top and the bottom of the heat exchange device, a fan blows air into a gap between the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body, the evaporator and the heat insulation layer to cool the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body with overhigh temperature, and meanwhile, in the process that normal-temperature air blown by the fan circulates from bottom to top in the gap, partial heat on the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body is transferred to the evaporator in a convection heat transfer mode, so that the radiation heat dissipation on the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body tends to be balanced and stable, the heating temperature of the evaporator tends to be uniform, a reflection plate is arranged on the inner side of the heat insulation module, the radiation waste heat generated by the thermal engineering main body is partially blocked between the outer surface of the thermal engineering main body and the evaporator tube set, and the radiation heat exchange, convection heat transfer and heat transfer modes are carried out simultaneously, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange device is greatly improved, a high-quality steam-water mixture is generated, and the generated electricity generation amount is improved; the heat exchange device is adopted to absorb and utilize the radiation waste heat of the thermotechnical main body, so that the heat efficiency of the whole thermotechnical equipment is greatly improved, the surface temperature of the thermotechnical main body is reduced, the pollution of the radiation waste heat to the working environment is reduced, and the service life of the thermotechnical main body is prolonged; the plurality of heat exchange devices are arranged independently, and can be detached independently without influencing the normal use of other heat exchange devices; adopt integral type structure to divide into two modules about heat transfer device, convenient to detach, cost of maintenance are low, have stronger practicality.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner and are not to be considered limiting of the present application.

In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can communicate with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims

1. Multistage evaporation radiation heat transfer device, its characterized in that: including thermotechnical main part (10) high temperature section is outside to be installed a plurality of heat transfer device (20) along the axial, heat transfer device (20) include evaporimeter (30) and insulating layer (40), evaporimeter (30) cover is located thermotechnical main part (10) is outside and leave the clearance, insulating layer (40) cover is located evaporimeter (30) are outside and leave the clearance, heat transfer device (20) bottom and top have been seted up respectively and have been run through air outlet (201) and income wind gap (202) of evaporimeter (30) and insulating layer (40), air outlet (201) and income wind gap (202) are equallyd divide and are linked together with clearance between thermotechnical main part (10) surface and evaporimeter (30) and the clearance between evaporimeter (30) and insulating layer (40), it is equipped with fan (203) to go into wind gap (202) department.

2. The multi-stage evaporative radiation heat exchange apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the evaporator (30) comprises two buckled evaporator pipe groups (301) sleeved on the thermal main body (10), the heat insulation layer (40) comprises two buckled heat insulation modules (401) sleeved on the evaporator (30), the evaporator pipe groups (301) and the heat insulation modules (401) which are positioned on the same side of the thermal main body (10) are connected through connectors (207), and the connectors (207) positioned on the two sides of the thermal main body (10) are connected.

3. The multi-stage evaporative radiation heat exchange apparatus of claim 2, wherein: each evaporator tube group (301) comprises a plurality of evaporation tubes which are arranged at intervals and are communicated with each other, the two ends of each evaporation tube are respectively communicated with an inlet header (302) and an outlet header (303), and the shapes and the arrangement modes of the evaporation tubes are mainly limited by the shapes of the thermal main bodies (10).

4. The multi-stage evaporative radiation heat exchange apparatus of claim 2, wherein: each thermal insulation module (401) comprises a reflection plate (402) and a protection plate (403) which are arranged from inside to outside at intervals, and thermal insulation materials (404) are filled between the reflection plate (402) and the protection plate (403).

5. The multi-stage evaporative radiation heat exchange apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the output ends of the heat exchange devices (20) are respectively connected with a steam drum (50) through an ascending pipe group (205), the water outlet end of the steam drum (50) is connected with the input end of the heat exchange device (20) through a descending pipe group (204), and the air outlet end of the steam drum (50) is connected with a superheater (601).

6. The multi-stage evaporative radiation heat exchange apparatus of claim 1, wherein: an infrared temperature measuring device is arranged at the air outlet (201).

7. The multi-stage evaporative radiation heat exchange apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and the input end and the output end of the heat exchange device (20) are both provided with a regulating valve group (90).