CN115451494A - Building space dual-step-variable control area adaptive air supply device - Google Patents

Building space dual-step-variable control area adaptive air supply device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115451494A
CN115451494A CN202211137443.6A CN202211137443A CN115451494A CN 115451494 A CN115451494 A CN 115451494A CN 202211137443 A CN202211137443 A CN 202211137443A CN 115451494 A CN115451494 A CN 115451494A
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air supply
guide plate
air
building space
fresh air
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Inventor
李安桂
胡慧程
牛少峰
杨长青
车轮飞
刘俊
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F24F7/08—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F24F13/072—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser of elongated shape, e.g. between ceiling panels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a building space two-step variable control area adaptive air supply device which comprises a fresh air supply outlet and an air return outlet which are respectively arranged at two sides of the top of a room, and a guide plate arranged on the side wall of the room at the lower part of the fresh air supply outlet, wherein the height of the guide plate is adjustable, a gap is formed between the guide plate and the side wall of the room, the width of the gap is adjustable, the fresh air supply outlet is communicated with the external environment through a fresh air processor, and the air return outlet is respectively communicated with an air inlet of the fresh air processor and the external environment. The air supply device can improve the ventilation efficiency of the building space and the thermal comfort of indoor personnel, can also improve the labor productivity of the production environment of the building space, and has the advantages of easy arrangement and no occupation of the lower space of the building.

Description

Building space two-step variable control area adaptive air supply device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation systems, and particularly relates to a building space two-step variable control area adaptive air supply device based on a partitioned air supply principle.
Background
With the continuous development of various industries in the society, the living standard of people is always improved, and higher expectations are held for materials required by daily life, so that the industrial production process is more refined, the agricultural production is more scientific, and diversified building spaces are generated. Different types of building spaces often need to be provided with different types of heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems to control indoor environments with different characteristic requirements, even different areas in the same building need to meet different environmental parameter requirements, and therefore great challenges are brought to heating, ventilating and air conditioning design.
In a plurality of industrial plants, huge mechanical equipment and workers are in the same space, but a large height difference exists between the workers and the mechanical equipment, and the normal and efficient operation of the equipment is difficult to ensure and a comfortable working environment is provided for the workers by only adopting an air supply mode; in order to create more favorable growth conditions for plants, the greenhouse adopts a mechanical ventilation means to create a suitable environment for the plants, the heights of different types of plants are different, the heights of the same type of plants in different growth stages are different, the environmental requirements of different height control areas in different areas and different height control areas in different periods in the same area are met, and the high requirement is provided for the adjustability of the air supply device. Along with people's attention to self life and operational environment health status, warm logical air conditioning design mainly concerns the hot humid environment and can not satisfy the personnel demand in the building space, still needs more to guarantee the air quality of indoor environment, can directly provide fresh air for the person through warm logical air conditioning system and both directly send to the respiratory area, because the difference of personnel own and the difference of posture, the respiratory area is not at same height, this needs warm logical air conditioning system to supply air to the region of co-altitude not simultaneously. The building space needs a reasonable airflow organization form, and simultaneously meets the air supply requirements of different control areas and even variable control areas, but at present, no air conditioning system for the building space variable control areas exists at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a building space two-step variable control area adaptive air supply device based on a partitioned air supply principle, which can improve the ventilation efficiency of a building space and the thermal comfort of indoor personnel, can also improve the labor productivity of an underground space production environment, and has the advantages of easy arrangement and no occupation of the lower space of a building.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a building space two-step becomes control area adaptability air supply arrangement, is including setting up new trend supply-air outlet and the return air inlet in room top both sides respectively and setting up the guide plate on the room lateral wall of new trend supply-air outlet lower part, the guide plate height-adjustable, there is the gap between guide plate and the room lateral wall, the width in gap is adjustable, the new trend supply-air outlet passes through new trend treater and external environment intercommunication, the return air inlet communicates with the air intake and the external environment of new trend treater respectively.
Furthermore, the setting height of the guide plate is the height of a breathing zone of a human body.
Furthermore, the human body breathing zone comprises a human body sitting posture breathing zone and a human body standing posture breathing zone, and the height of the human body breathing zone is 1.1-1.7 m.
Furthermore, the ratio of the width of the gap between the guide plate and the wall to the width of the fresh air supply outlet is 1-3.
Furthermore, the length of the guide plate is the same as that of the fresh air supply outlet.
Furthermore, the width of the guide plate is 2-4 times of the thickness of the air jet at the position of the guide plate.
Furthermore, the fresh air supply outlet is an adjustable seam adjusting air outlet.
Furthermore, the flow dividing effect of the guide plate is evaluated by a flow ratio q, the flow ratio q is the ratio of the air quantity passing through the guide plate to the total entrainment flow from the air jet entering the room from the fresh air supply port to the guide plate, and the total entrainment flow is the sum of the air quantity passing through the guide plate and the air quantity guiding the guide plate.
Further, the flow ratio q is:
Figure BDA0003852700960000021
wherein x is the width of a gap between the guide plate and the wall; delta 0. Is the air jet thickness.
Further, the air jet thickness δ 0. Comprises the following steps:
δ 0.5 ＝a(y * +c)
wherein a and c are related to the ratio of the normal distance between the inner side of the fresh air supply opening and the side wall of the room to the width of the supply opening, and y * Is the difference between the room height and the height of any point in the vertical direction of the air jet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an adaptive air supply device for a building space double-step variable control area, which is characterized in that a guide plate with gaps is additionally arranged on the side wall of a room at the lower part of a fresh air supply outlet, so that fresh air is directly supplied to an effective area, the thermal environments of areas with different heights are controlled, the thermal environment and the air quality of the effective area are ensured, the air conditioning airflow organization effect level and the ventilation energy efficiency of a building space are improved, and the adaptive air supply device has practical significance and good application prospect.
The guide plate can perform corresponding height adjustment according to the actual height of a heat source needing cooling indoors, so that targeted heat source control is realized; the invention adjusts the size of the guide plate and the width of the gap between the guide plate and the wall surface according to the load requirements of control areas with different heights, thereby adjusting the ratio of the guide flow of the guide plate to the air flow passing through, realizing different flow distribution effects and meeting the parameter requirements of different areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive blowing device with dual-step-change control areas;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the airflow structure of the adaptive blowing device in the dual-step-variable control area;
FIG. 3 is a cloud chart of adaptive air supply speeds of a dual-step variable control area under orthogonal experimental conditions;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a fit of results of an orthogonal experiment;
FIG. 5 is a temperature field distribution diagram of a conventional side blowing mode (1), a coanda blowing mode (2), and a dual-step-change control area adaptive blowing mode (3);
FIG. 6 is a velocity field distribution diagram of the conventional side blowing mode (1), the coanda blowing mode (2), and the dual-step-change control area adaptive blowing mode (3);
fig. 7 is an air age distribution diagram of the conventional side blowing mode (1), the coanda blowing mode (2), and the two-step variable control area adaptive blowing mode (3).
In the drawings: 1-fresh air pipe; 2-fresh air valve; 3-a fresh air processor; 4-blast pipe; 5-an air supply valve; 6-fresh air supply outlet; 7-a deflector; 8-human respiratory region; 9-bottom working area; 10-air return inlet; 11-return air pipe; 12-an exhaust valve; 13-an exhaust duct; 14 air return valve.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, which are provided to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention provides an adaptive air supply device for a building space dual-step variable control area, wherein a fresh air supply outlet 6 is arranged on one side of the top of a room, the fresh air supply outlet 6 is connected with an air outlet of a fresh air processor 3 through an air supply valve 5, and an air inlet of the fresh air processor 3 is communicated with an air outlet of a fresh air pipe 1; the air inlet of the fresh air pipe 1 is arranged outdoors, the fresh air valve 2 is arranged on the fresh air pipe 1, the guide plate 7 is arranged on the side wall of the room at the lower part of the fresh air supply outlet 6, and a gap is formed between the guide plate 7 and the side wall of the room.
The other side of the top of the room is provided with a return air inlet 10, the return air inlet 10 is communicated with the air inlet end of a return air pipe 11, the first air outlet of the return air pipe 11 is communicated with the fresh air pipe 1 through a return air valve 14, and the second air outlet of the return air pipe 11 is communicated with an exhaust pipe through an exhaust valve 12;
the fresh air supply outlet 6 supplies air downwards along the side wall of the room, and because the air jet flow close to the vertical wall surface has high flow rate and low static pressure and the static pressure far away from the vertical wall surface is high, the air jet flow is attached to the vertical wall surface under the action of pressure difference, and an effect is formed. When the air jet flow moves downwards to reach the guide plate 7, the air flow collides with the guide plate 7 to deflect and is sent to a human body breathing area, and the air volume at the position is the guide air volume of the guide plate 7; the other part of the air flow passes through a gap between the guide plate 7 and the wall and continues to flow downwards, the air flow is the penetrating air quantity of the guide plate 7, and the penetrating air flow is delivered into a working area 9 at the bottom of the room after colliding with the floor; the sum of the permeation air quantity of the guide plate 7 and the guide air quantity of the guide plate 7 is the total entrainment flow of the section of the guide plate 7, the flow dividing effect of the guide plate 7 is evaluated through a flow ratio q, and the flow ratio q is the ratio of the permeation air quantity of the guide plate 7 to the total entrainment flow of the section of the guide plate 7 where the air supply reaches the height.
Preferably, the height of the guide plate 7 is between 1.1m of the height of the breathing zone of the sitting posture of the human body and 1.7m of the height of the breathing zone of the standing posture, and the guide plate can be correspondingly adjusted according to the actual height of a heat source needing cooling indoors.
Preferably, the length of the guide plate 7 is the same as that of the fresh air supply outlet 6, and the width of the guide plate 7 is 2-4 times of the air jet thickness when the air jet reaches the guide plate 7 (the air jet thickness can be obtained through a characteristic thickness calculation formula before design).
Preferably, the ratio of the width of the gap between the guide plate 7 and the wall to the width of the fresh air supply opening 6 is 1-3, the width of the gap can be correspondingly adjusted according to the actual requirement of a target area, but the width of the gap can not exceed the jet characteristic thickness value of the supplied air at the section of the guide plate 7 to the maximum extent;
under the certain circumstances of air supply parameter, through adjusting 7 gap widths apart from the wall of guide plate, relevant parameters such as the size of guide plate 7, the ratio of 7 water conservancy diversion of adjustment guide plate and seeing through the amount of wind realize different reposition of redundant personnel effects, satisfy different regional parameter demands.
Preferably, the fresh air supply outlet 6 is an adjustable seam adjusting air outlet.
When in use, outdoor fresh air is mixed with indoor return air through the fresh air pipe 1 and the fresh air valve 2; the mixing ratio of fresh air and return air is adjusted by controlling the opening size of the fresh air valve 2 and the return air valve 14. The mixed air is processed by a fresh air processor 3 and then forms attached jet flow through a fresh air supply outlet 6 which is arranged at the top of the room and is close to the side wall via an air supply pipe 4 and an air supply valve 5 to be sent into the room; wherein, a part of the air flow impacts a guide plate 7 fixed on the side wall to deflect and is directly sent into a human breathing zone 8; the other part of the air flow passes through the gap between the guide plate 7 and the wall to move downwards, collides with the floor, deflects and then is sent into the bottom working area 9. The air flow speed sent out by the fresh air supply outlet 6 is controlled by adjusting the opening size of the air supply valve 5. The air flow sent into the human body breathing zone 8 or the bottom working zone 9 takes away pollutants (gas) generated by the human body (heating equipment) inside, so that the heat and pollutants (gas) can be discharged out of the room through the air return inlet 10, the air return pipe 11, the exhaust valve 12 and the exhaust pipe 13.
Example 1
As shown in figures 3 and 4, the invention measures the shunting effect of the deflector 7 by taking the ratio q of the flow rate of the gap between the deflector 7 and the wall to the total flow rate as an index, the model is an office room with the thickness of 4.2m multiplied by 3.6m multiplied by 2.75m, and orthogonal experimental design is carried out by selecting the width of the gap between the deflector 7 and the wall, the thickness of air jet and the air supply speed as main influencing factors, namely 3 factors, the thickness delta of air jet and the thickness delta of air jet 0.5 The calculation formula is as follows:
δ 0.5 ＝a(y * +c)
wherein a and c are experimental constants and are related to the deflection distance of air supply, namely the normal distance between the inner side of the fresh air supply outlet 6 and the wall surface, and the ratio of the deflection distance to the width of the fresh air supply outlet 6 in the invention is 1.5, a =0.083 and c =0.5; y is * The fresh air supply outlet 6 is arranged at the top of the room for the distance from any point in the vertical direction of the supplied air flow to the fresh air supply outlet 6 * I.e. the difference between the height of the room and the height of any point in the vertical direction of the air flow.
It can be seen from the above calculation formula that changing the air jet thickness can be realized by changing the height of the guide plate 7, so the ratio of the gap width between the guide plate 7 and the wall to the width of the fresh air supply outlet 6 is selected to be 1, 2, 3, the guide plate height is 1.1m, 1.3m, 1.5m, the air supply speed is 0.5m/s, 1.0m/s, 1.5m/s, each factor has 3 levels, and the following 9 working conditions are totally adopted:
TABLE 1 orthogonal experimental condition table
Figure BDA0003852700960000061
Fig. 3 is a cloud chart of the shunting effect of different design parameters under 9 working conditions. And processing the simulation results of the 9 test working conditions. Considering the entrainment effect of the jet flow, the section entrainment flow Q under the condition that the guide plate 7 is not arranged at the position where the guide plate 7 is arranged is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003852700960000062
u 0 the air supply speed is and the width of the fresh air supply opening is b.
Then, the gap flow value calculated by numerical simulation is derived, and the result is shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 flow ratio
Figure BDA0003852700960000071
The analysis of variance procedure for the results of the orthogonal experiments is listed in the following table:
TABLE 3 analysis of variance of orthogonal experimental results
Figure BDA0003852700960000072
Figure BDA0003852700960000073
Figure BDA0003852700960000081
Q A =U A -P，Q B =U B -P，Q C =U C -P，Q T =W-P
Q E =Q T -Q A -Q B -Q C
Table 4 analysis of variance of orthogonal experimental results table
Figure BDA0003852700960000082
As shown in Table 4, F 5％ (2, 2) =19 wherein F A Greater than 19, indicating that the distance between the baffle 7 and the wall has a significant effect on the flow ratio, F B < 19 indicates that the influence of the height of the deflector 7 is small, F C The influence is minimal, namely the influence of the gap width is maximal, the influence of the air supply speed can be disregarded after the height of the guide plate 7.
The height of the guide plate 7 is the embodiment of the air jet thickness, and according to the analysis result, the flow ratio q, the gap width x and the air jet thickness delta are compared 0.5 The parameters are subjected to dimensional analysis, the flow ratio q is a dimensionless quantity, and obviously, the relation can be written as q = f (x/delta) 0.5 ) Fitting by using a simulation experiment result to obtain a curve as shown in FIG. 4, and obtaining the flow ratio q with respect to the gap width x and the air jet thickness delta 0.5 The relation of (1):
Figure BDA0003852700960000083
R 2 ＝0.96
example 2
The room size of the example is 5m × 4m × 3.5m, and the cold load index is 100W/m 2 The indoor design temperature is 26 ℃, the air supply temperature is 19.3 ℃, the air supply speed is 1.98m/s, the air is supplied by respectively adopting a traditional mixed side air supply mode, a wall-attached air supply mode and the air supply mode of the invention, wherein the specific parameters of the invention are that the width of a gap is 0.075m, the width of a strip seam air port is 0.05m, the length is 1m, 2 air ports are arranged on the roof along the length direction of a room, the height of a guide plate 7 from a bottom plate is 1.7m, the length is consistent with the strip seam air port, the width is 0.6m, the wall-attached air supply mode is characterized in that the guide plate 7 is not arranged, and other air ports are arranged in the wall-attached air supply modeThe setting is the same as the invention; the parameters of the traditional side conveying mode are that the size of the air opening is 0.25m multiplied by 0.2m, and 2 air openings are arranged at the position of 3.2m height of the side wall along the length direction of a room.
As shown in fig. 5 (1), 5 (2) and 5 (3), it can be found by comparing the temperature fields that the conventional side blowing mode is below 1.7 m-the ambient temperature of the human activity area is as high as above 28 ℃ and above 26 ℃ indoor design value, and the temperature of the coanda blowing mode and the temperature of the present invention in this area are below 25 ℃ and meet the design requirements. Furthermore, compared with the wall-attached air supply mode, under the same air supply temperature, the air jet flow directly reaches the target area, the heat exchange with the indoor environment is less, and the loss of cold energy before reaching the target area is less, so the environment temperature created by the invention is lower, which means that under the condition of meeting the requirement of the same environment temperature, the invention can set higher air supply temperature, reduce energy consumption and save energy.
As shown in fig. 6 (1), 6 (2) and 6 (3), it can be found by comparing the velocity fields that the airflow field created by the coanda blowing mode and the present invention is more uniform and the air flow velocity in the active region of the human body is lower than that of the conventional blowing mode. This means that the feeling of blowing to the human body is small, effectively improving the comfort of the human body.
As shown in FIGS. 7 (1), 7 (2) and 7 (3), the comparison of air age shows that the air age at the height of human breath reaches 375-400 no matter the traditional air supply mode or the coanda air supply mode is adopted, but the air age at the height can be controlled to be about 350 and reduced by 6.7% -12.5% by adopting the invention, which means that the air quality of human breath can be effectively improved by adopting the invention, namely, people breathe to more 'fresh' air in the environment.
It can be known from the above comparison that the lower part of the room constructed by the invention has lower air flow rate and stronger comfortableness, and a part of air is sent out from the fresh air supply port and then collides with the guide plate 7 to be deflected, so that the air is directly sent into the human body breathing zone 8, obvious air layering is formed, the air quality of the human body breathing zone can be effectively improved, upward diffusion of ground pollutants is reduced, and simultaneously, the energy consumption and the energy are reduced.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a building space two-step becomes control area adaptability air supply arrangement, its characterized in that, including setting up fresh air supply outlet (6) and return air inlet (10) in room top both sides respectively and setting up guide plate (7) on fresh air supply outlet (6) lower part room lateral wall, guide plate (7) height-adjustable, there is the gap between guide plate (7) and the room lateral wall, the width in gap is adjustable, fresh air supply outlet (6) communicate with external environment through fresh air treater (3), return air inlet (10) communicate with the air intake and the external environment of fresh air treater (3) respectively.
2. The adaptive air supply device for the building space double-step change control area according to claim 1, wherein the set height of the guide plate (7) is the height of the human breathing area (8).
3. The adaptive air supply device for the building space double-step-change control area according to claim 2, wherein the human body breathing area (8) comprises a human body sitting posture breathing area and a human body standing posture breathing area, and the height of the human body breathing area (8) is 1.1-1.7 m.
4. The adaptive air supply device for the building space double-step-change control area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the width of the gap between the guide plate (7) and the wall to the width of the fresh air supply outlet (6) is 1-3.
5. The adaptive air supply device for the building space double-step change control area according to claim 1, wherein the length of the guide plate (7) is the same as that of the fresh air supply opening (6).
6. The adaptive air supply device for the building space double-step change control area according to claim 1, wherein the width of the guide plate (7) is 2-4 times of the thickness of the air jet reaching the guide plate (7).
7. The adaptive air supply device for the building space double-step variable control area according to claim 1, wherein the fresh air supply opening (6) is an adjustable seam adjusting air opening.
8. The adaptive air supply device for the building space double-step change control area according to claim 1, wherein the flow dividing effect of the guide plate (7) is evaluated by a flow ratio q, the flow ratio q is a ratio of the transmission air volume of the guide plate (7) to the total entrainment flow at the guide plate (7) from the air jet entering the room from the fresh air supply port (6), and the total entrainment flow is the sum of the transmission air volume at the guide plate (7) and the guide air volume.
9. The adaptive air supply device for the building space double-step-change control area according to claim 8, wherein the flow ratio q is:
Figure FDA0003852700950000021
wherein x is the width of a gap between the guide plate (7) and the wall; delta. For the preparation of a coating 0.5 Is the air jet thickness.
10. The adaptive air supply device for the building space with the double-step-change control area as claimed in claim 9, wherein the thickness δ of the air jet is larger than that of the air jet 0.5 Comprises the following steps:
δ 0.5 ＝a(y * +c)
wherein a, c are related to the ratio of the normal distance between the inner side of the fresh air supply opening (6) and the side wall of the room to the width of the supply opening, and y * Is the difference between the room height and the height of any point in the vertical direction of the air jet.
CN202211137443.6A 2022-09-19 2022-09-19 Building space dual-step-variable control area adaptive air supply device Pending CN115451494A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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