CN115450676A

CN115450676A - Anchor rod assembly with energy absorption function

Info

Publication number: CN115450676A
Application number: CN202211261102.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑彩光; 朱丐胜; 戴郑磊; 王斌斌; 叶杨泽; 吴伟豪
Original assignee: Zhejiang Junyuan Landscape Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Junyuan Landscape Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-14
Filing date: 2022-10-14
Publication date: 2022-12-09

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cave depot surrounding rock construction, in particular to a bolt rod assembly with an energy absorption function, which aims at the problems that the existing bolt has poor impact resistance, is easy to break and loses the support effectiveness, has weak exhaust capacity, has poor compactness after the injected slurry is solidified and can not ensure that the bolt is positioned at the central position when the injected slurry is solidified, and the following proposal is provided, wherein the bolt rod assembly comprises a solid bolt rod body; the solid anchor rod body is provided with an exhaust pipe limiting groove and a grouting pipe limiting groove which extend along the axial direction, and the exhaust pipe and the grouting pipe are respectively arranged in the exhaust pipe limiting groove and the grouting pipe limiting groove; the periphery of the solid anchor rod body is fixed with at least one limiting ring, and the limiting ring has a limiting effect on the exhaust pipe and the grouting pipe which are positioned in the exhaust pipe limiting groove and the grouting pipe limiting groove; and the exhaust pipe exhausts gas in the grouting process, so that the compactness of the slurry is improved.

Description

Anchor rod assembly with energy absorption function

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cave depot surrounding rock construction, in particular to an anchor rod assembly with an energy absorption function.

Background

In rock underground works, the surrounding rock mass, which undergoes a change in stress state due to excavation, is called the surrounding rock. The anchor bolt support is a reinforcing support mode adopted in surface engineering such as side slopes, rock-soil deep foundation pits and the like and underground chamber construction such as tunnels, stopes and the like. The method is characterized in that a pole column is usually made of metal pieces, wood pieces, polymer pieces or other materials, and is driven into a hole which is drilled in advance in an earth surface rock body or rock bodies around a chamber, and a special structure of a head part and a pole body and a tail supporting plate (which can be omitted) are utilized, or surrounding rocks and a stable rock body are combined together by depending on the bonding action to generate a suspension effect, a combination beam effect and a reinforcing effect, so that the aim of supporting is fulfilled.

At present, the construction method of the common grouting anchor rod is to firstly punch holes in the surrounding rock, then insert the anchor rod, inject slurry for solidification, and fix the anchor rod in the surrounding rock. The structure of the grouting anchor rod is generally a hollow anchor rod structure, and generally has the defect of poor dynamic pressure impact resistance, so that the traditional grouting anchor rod is low in strength, easy to break and lose support effectiveness, and is weak in exhaust capacity, poor in compactness after mud is injected and cured, and the anchor rod is located at the center position when the mud cannot be injected.

In view of the above problems, the present document proposes a bolt assembly having an energy absorbing function.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an anchor rod assembly with an energy absorption function, and overcomes the defects that an anchor rod in the prior art is poor in impact resistance, easy to break, and not effective in supporting, is weak in exhaust capacity, poor in compactness after mud is injected and solidified, and cannot be guaranteed to be located at the center when the mud is injected.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

an anchor assembly with energy absorption function comprises a solid anchor rod body; the solid anchor rod body is provided with an exhaust pipe limiting groove and a grouting pipe limiting groove which extend along the axial direction, and the exhaust pipe and the grouting pipe are respectively arranged in the exhaust pipe limiting groove and the grouting pipe limiting groove; at least one limiting ring is fixed on the periphery of the solid anchor rod body, and the limiting ring has a limiting effect on the exhaust pipe and the grouting pipe which are positioned in the exhaust pipe limiting groove and the grouting pipe limiting groove; the extension block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the solid anchor rod body; the four groups of extension mechanisms are arranged in the extension blocks and used for arranging the solid anchor rod body in the center of the hole; and the extrusion positioning mechanisms are arranged in the extension blocks and used for extruding the four groups of extension mechanisms and fixing the positions.

In a possible design, every group extension mechanism is including offering the first recess in the extension piece, two first gag lever posts of fixedly connected with in the first recess, two the circumference surface sliding connection of first gag lever post has the clutch block, two spacing springs of side fixedly connected with of clutch block, two the equal fixed connection in first recess of side of spacing spring, two the circumference surface of two first gag lever posts is located to spacing spring cover respectively.

In a possible design, the extrusion positioning mechanism all includes the extrusion piece of sliding connection in the spout, the extrusion piece contacts with the inclined plane of four clutch blocks respectively, set up the second recess in the extrusion piece, two second gag lever posts of fixedly connected with in the second recess, two the circumference surface sliding connection of second gag lever post has two joint boards, two fixedly connected with two joint springs, two between the joint board the circumference surface of two second gag lever posts is located to the joint spring cover respectively, two the equal fixedly connected with joint piece of tip that the joint board was kept away from, two joint grooves have been seted up to the circumference inner wall of spout, two the joint piece respectively with two joint groove looks joints.

In a possible design, the solid stock body of rod is cylindric and the periphery is equipped with the external screw thread, the spacing ring is the ring form and its inner wall be equipped with the internal thread of solid stock body of rod external screw thread adaptation.

In a possible design, the periphery of the solid anchor rod body is fixed with at least two limiting rings, an expansion clamping piece is arranged between the two limiting rings to form an expansion limiting assembly, the expansion clamping piece has a contraction state and an expansion state, and the expansion clamping piece can be switched between the contraction state and the expansion state by adjusting the distance between the two limiting rings forming the expansion limiting assembly.

In a possible design, the inflation fastener includes two at least V type elasticity fixture block of alternate segregation and two go-between that are located V type elasticity fixture block both ends, two go-between respectively with constitute two spacing intra-annular wall fixed connection of the spacing subassembly of inflation, the middle part outer wall of V type elasticity fixture block is the butt plane, the butt plane is the rough surface, the inflation fastener includes six at least V type elasticity fixture blocks of alternate segregation, and six at least V type elasticity fixture blocks of alternate segregation along solid stock body of rod periphery evenly distributed.

In a possible design, the expansion limiting component is arranged close to the upper end part of the solid anchor rod body, and a plurality of linkage grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of one limiting ring which is close to the upper end part of the solid anchor rod body in two limiting rings forming the expansion limiting component.

In a possible design, a first sealing cushion plate is arranged at the position, close to the upper end, of the solid anchor rod body, and a screw hole in threaded fit with the solid anchor rod body is formed in the first sealing cushion plate.

In a possible design, a second sealing cushion plate is arranged below the first sealing cushion plate, a round hole matched with the outer diameter of the solid anchor rod body is formed in the second sealing cushion plate, protruding blocks matched with the exhaust pipe limiting groove and the grouting pipe limiting groove are formed in the round hole, and through holes for the exhaust pipe and the grouting pipe to penetrate through are formed in the two protruding blocks.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.

According to the invention, after the solid anchor rod body is inserted into the hole, the inner wall of the hole is used for extruding the extrusion block into the chute, the inclined planes of the four friction blocks are extruded through the extrusion block, the four friction blocks move outwards respectively after being extruded, and the four friction blocks move outwards and then contact the inner wall of the hole to support the solid anchor rod body to be positioned at the center of the hole;

according to the invention, after the extrusion block drives the two clamping blocks to enter the sliding groove, the two clamping blocks are elastically pushed by the two clamping springs to be clamped into the clamping groove, so that the outward moving friction block is fixed, and the anchor rod position is conveniently fixed;

in the invention, the anchor rod of the utility model adopts a solid structure, the grouting pipe and the exhaust pipe are additionally arranged and limited in the outer wall of the solid anchor rod body, and the limit is carried out through the limiting ring, the anchor rod strength of the solid structure is higher, and the exhaust pipe discharges gas in the grouting process, thereby improving the compactness of slurry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bolt assembly having energy absorbing functionality provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic construction view of a bolt assembly with energy absorption function according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2 of the anchor rod assembly with an energy absorbing function provided by the embodiment of the invention, specifically, a matching schematic view of an expansion fastener structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mating of another expansion clip configuration;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an operating member rotating in cooperation with the limiting ring;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first seal pad of an energy absorbing anchor rod assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a second seal pad of an energy absorbing anchor rod assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view at B of FIG. 7 of an energy absorbing function for a rod assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a front perspective view of a bolt assembly having energy absorbing functionality provided by embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a first partial cross-sectional view of a rod assembly having an energy-absorbing function provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a partial perspective view of a bolt assembly having energy absorbing capabilities according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rod assembly having an energy-absorbing function provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals are as follows:

1. a solid roof bolt body; 101. an exhaust pipe limiting groove; 102. a grouting pipe limiting groove; 2. an exhaust pipe; 3. a grouting pipe; 4. the expansion fastener; 401. a V-shaped elastic clamping block; 402. a connecting ring; 403. an abutment plane; 5. a first seal pad; 501. a screw hole; 6. a second sealing pad; 601. a circular hole; 602. a bump; 603. a through hole; 7. a limiting ring; 701. a linkage groove; 8. an extension block; 9. extruding the block; 10. a chute; 11. a first groove; 12. a friction block; 13. a limiting spring; 14. a first limit rod; 15. a second groove; 16. a second limiting rod; 17. clamping a spring; 18. a clamping and connecting plate; 19. a clamping block; 20. a clamping groove.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "mounted" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., "connected" may or may not be detachably connected; may be directly connected or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate. Further, "communication" may be direct communication or indirect communication through an intermediary. The term "fixed" means that they are connected to each other and the relative positional relationship after the connection is not changed. Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

In the embodiment of the present invention, "and/or" is only an association relationship describing an association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," or the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but rather "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-12, a bolt assembly with energy absorbing function includes a solid bolt body 1; the solid anchor rod body 1 is provided with an exhaust pipe limiting groove 101 and a grouting pipe limiting groove 102 along the axial direction in an extending manner, and the exhaust pipe 2 and the grouting pipe 3 are respectively arranged in the exhaust pipe limiting groove 101 and the grouting pipe limiting groove 102; at least one limiting ring 7 is fixed on the periphery of the solid anchor rod body 1, and the limiting ring 7 has a limiting effect on the exhaust pipe 2 and the grouting pipe 3 which are positioned in the exhaust pipe limiting groove 101 and the grouting pipe limiting groove 102; the extension block 8, the extension block 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the solid anchor rod body 1; the four groups of extension mechanisms are arranged in the extension block 8 and are used for arranging the solid anchor rod body 1 in the center of the hole; and the extrusion positioning mechanism is arranged in the extension block 8 and is used for extruding the four sets of extension mechanisms and fixing the positions of the four sets of extension mechanisms.

Above-mentioned technical scheme can reach the stock and adopt solid construction, establish slip casting pipe and blast pipe spacing in solid stock body of rod outer wall in addition, and spacing through spacing ring 7, solid construction's stock intensity is higher, and through blast pipe exhaust gas at the slip casting in-process, improve the closely knit degree of mud, solid stock body of rod 1 can adopt the material of the higher intensity of moderate degree to make according to actual conditions, for example the reinforcing bar, blast pipe 2 and slip casting pipe 3 can adopt the material that the cost is lower, the intensity is relatively poor, for example the technological effect of plastics.

Referring to fig. 10-12, each set of extension mechanism includes a first groove 11 disposed in the extension block 8, two first limiting rods 14 are fixedly connected in the first groove 11, a friction block 12 is slidably connected to the circumferential surfaces of the two first limiting rods 14, two limiting springs 13 are fixedly connected to the side ends of the friction block 12, the side ends of the two limiting springs 13 are fixedly connected in the first groove 11, and the two limiting springs 13 are respectively sleeved on the circumferential surfaces of the two first limiting rods 14.

Above-mentioned technical scheme can reach and insert the hole with solid stock body of rod 1 after, utilize the inner wall extrusion piece 9 in the hole to get into spout 10, through the inclined plane of four clutch blocks 12 of extrusion piece 9 extrusion, four clutch blocks 12 receive outside removal respectively after the extrusion, four clutch blocks 12 outside removal back contact hole's inner wall is used for supporting the technical effect that solid stock body of rod 1 is located the hole central point and puts.

Referring to fig. 10-12, the extrusion positioning mechanisms each include an extrusion block 9 slidably connected in the sliding groove 10, the extrusion block 9 contacts with the inclined planes of the four friction blocks 12, a second groove 15 is formed in the extrusion block 9, two second limiting rods 16 are fixedly connected in the second groove 15, two clamping plates 18 are slidably connected to the circumferential surfaces of the two second limiting rods 16, two clamping springs 17 are fixedly connected between the two clamping plates 18, the two clamping springs 17 are respectively sleeved on the circumferential surfaces of the two second limiting rods 16, clamping blocks 19 are fixedly connected to the end portions of the two clamping plates 18 away from each other, two clamping grooves 20 are formed in the circumferential inner wall of the sliding groove 10, and the two clamping blocks 19 are respectively clamped with the two clamping grooves 20.

Above-mentioned technical scheme can reach in the back in the entering spout 10 of two joint pieces 19 of extrusion piece 9 drive, two joint spring 17's elasticity promotes two joint pieces 19 joints and gets into in the joint groove 20, has realized the fixed of the friction block 12's of outside motion position, the technological effect of the fixed stock position of being convenient for.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1-12, a bolt assembly with energy absorbing function includes a solid bolt body 1; the solid anchor rod body 1 is provided with an exhaust pipe limiting groove 101 and a grouting pipe limiting groove 102 along the axial direction in an extending manner, and the exhaust pipe 2 and the grouting pipe 3 are respectively arranged in the exhaust pipe limiting groove 101 and the grouting pipe limiting groove 102; at least one limiting ring 7 is fixed on the periphery of the solid anchor rod body 1, and the limiting ring 7 has a limiting effect on the exhaust pipe 2 and the grouting pipe 3 which are positioned in the exhaust pipe limiting groove 101 and the grouting pipe limiting groove 102; the extension block 8, the extension block 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the solid anchor rod body 1; the four groups of extension mechanisms are arranged in the extension block 8 and are used for arranging the solid anchor rod body 1 in the center of the hole; and the extrusion positioning mechanism is arranged in the extension block 8 and is used for extruding the four groups of extension mechanisms and fixing the positions.

Referring to fig. 10 to 12, each set of extension mechanism includes a first groove 11 disposed in the extension block 8, two first limit rods 14 are fixedly connected in the first groove 11, a friction block 12 is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the two first limit rods 14, two limit springs 13 are fixedly connected to the side ends of the friction block 12, the side ends of the two limit springs 13 are fixedly connected to the first groove 11, and the two limit springs 13 are respectively sleeved on the circumferential surfaces of the two first limit rods 14.

Above-mentioned technical scheme can reach and insert the hole with solid stock body of rod 1 after, utilize the inner wall extrusion piece 9 in the hole to get into spout 10, through the inclined plane of four clutch blocks 12 of extrusion piece 9 extrusion, four clutch blocks 12 receive outside the removal respectively after the extrusion, four clutch blocks 12 outside move the inner wall in back contact hole and be used for supporting the technical effect that solid stock body of rod 1 is located the hole central point and puts.

Above-mentioned technical scheme can reach when extrusion piece 9 drives two joint piece 19 get into behind the spout 10, two joint piece 19 joints of elasticity promotion of joint spring 17 get into joint groove 20 in, realized the fixed of the friction block 12's of outside motion position, the technical effect of the fixed stock position of being convenient for.

The solid stock body of rod 1 is cylindric and the periphery is equipped with the external screw thread, and spacing ring 7 is the ring form and its inner wall is equipped with the internal thread with the adaptation of the 1 external screw thread of solid stock body of rod. The spacing ring 7 is fixed on the solid anchor rod body 1 through screw-thread fit, and the position is adjustable and can be dismantled, can be according to the quantity and the position of the length adjustment spacing ring 7 of the solid anchor rod body 1.

At least two limiting rings 7 are fixed on the periphery of the solid anchor rod body 1, an expansion clamping piece 4 is arranged between the two limiting rings 7 to form an expansion limiting component, as shown in fig. 2, the expansion clamping piece 4 has a contraction state and an expansion state, and the expansion clamping piece 4 can be switched between the contraction state and the expansion state by adjusting the distance between the two limiting rings 7 forming the expansion limiting component. The effect of the expansion limiting component is to provide the limiting and fixing effect of the anchor rod component in the hole, so that the anchor rod component is prevented from floating upwards in the grouting process, and the anchor rod component is subjected to the centering limiting effect.

As shown in fig. 3, the expansion clip 4 includes at least two V-shaped elastic blocks 401 separated from each other and two connection rings 402 located at two ends of the V-shaped elastic blocks 401, and the two connection rings 402 are respectively and fixedly connected to inner end walls of two stop rings 7 constituting the expansion stop assembly. When two spacing rings 7 kept away from each other, V type elasticity fixture block 401 contained angle increase, the distance that outer tip leaves solid stock body of rod 1 reduces, this is the contraction state, when two spacing rings 7 are close to each other, V type elasticity fixture block 401 contained angle is less, outer tip is from the increase of the distance of solid stock body of rod 1, this is the inflation state, when expanding to outer tip of V type elasticity fixture block 401 offsets with the hole wall, the stock subassembly is located the intermediate position in hole basically, and prevent the limiting displacement who controls about the anchor subassembly from top to bottom, avoid the stock subassembly to control about the slip casting in-process come-up and control.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the outer wall of the middle portion of V-shaped resilient latch 401 is an abutting plane 403, and the abutting plane 403 is a rough plane. Therefore, the contact area between the V-shaped elastic fixture block 401 and the wall of the hole can be increased, and the resistance is improved.

Preferably, the expansion clip 4 comprises at least six V-shaped elastic blocks 401 separated from each other, and the at least six V-shaped elastic blocks 401 separated from each other are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the solid anchor rod body 1.

The expansion limiting component is arranged close to the upper end of the solid anchor rod body 1, and as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of linkage grooves 701 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of one limiting ring 7, close to the upper end of the solid anchor rod body 1, of two limiting rings 7 forming the expansion limiting component. A tool similar to that shown in figure 5 may be used to rotate one of the stop rings 7 adjacent the upper end of the solid bolt body 1 to bring the two stop rings 7 of the expansion stop assembly into the expanded condition.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, a first seal pad 5 is disposed on the solid anchor rod body 1 near the upper end.

As shown in fig. 6, the first sealing washer 5 has a threaded hole 501 therein for threadedly engaging the solid bolt body 1. When inserting, first sealing backing plate 5 and solid stock body of rod 1 are the separation, make the spacing subassembly inflation of inflation form limiting displacement after, connect first sealing backing plate 5 and make first sealing backing plate 5 paste and lean on the country rock surface.

As shown in fig. 2, a second sealing pad 6 is arranged below the first sealing pad 5, as shown in fig. 7, a circular hole 601 adapted to the outer diameter of the solid anchor rod body 1 is arranged in the second sealing pad 6, a protrusion 602 adapted to the exhaust pipe limiting groove 101 and the grouting pipe limiting groove 102 is arranged in the circular hole 601, and a through hole 603 for the exhaust pipe 2 and the grouting pipe 3 to pass through is arranged in the two through holes. This reduces the amount of mud leakage.

The working principle and the using process of the technical scheme are as follows: insert the hole with solid stock body of rod 1 after, utilize the inner wall extrusion piece 9 in getting into spout 10 of hole, the inclined plane through four clutch blocks 12 of extrusion piece 9 extrusion, four clutch blocks 12 receive outside removal respectively after the extrusion, the inner wall of four clutch blocks 12 outside removal back contact hole is used for supporting solid stock body of rod 1 and is located the hole central point and put, after in extrusion piece 9 drove the entering spout 10 of two joint blocks 19, two joint springs 17's elasticity promotes two joint blocks 19 joints and gets into joint groove 20, realized the fixed of the position of clutch block 12 of outside motion, be convenient for fixed stock position.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention; the embodiments of the invention and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A bolt assembly with energy absorption function, characterized by comprising:

a solid roof bolt body (1);

the solid anchor rod body (1) is provided with an exhaust pipe limiting groove (101) and a grouting pipe limiting groove (102) in an axially extending mode, and the exhaust pipe (2) and the grouting pipe (3) are arranged in the exhaust pipe limiting groove (101) and the grouting pipe limiting groove (102) respectively;

at least one limiting ring (7) is fixed on the periphery of the solid anchor rod body (1), and the limiting ring (7) has a limiting effect on the exhaust pipe (2) and the grouting pipe (3) which are positioned in the exhaust pipe limiting groove (101) and the grouting pipe limiting groove (102);

the extension block (8), the extension block (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the solid anchor rod body (1);

the four groups of extension mechanisms are arranged in the extension block (8) and are used for arranging the solid anchor rod body (1) in the center of the hole;

and the extrusion positioning mechanism is arranged in the extension block (8) and is used for extruding the four groups of extension mechanisms and fixing the positions.

2. The anchor rod assembly with the energy absorbing function according to claim 1, wherein each set of the extension mechanism comprises a first groove (11) formed in the extension block (8), two first limit rods (14) are fixedly connected in the first groove (11), a friction block (12) is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the two first limit rods (14), two limit springs (13) are fixedly connected to the side ends of the friction block (12), the side ends of the two limit springs (13) are both fixedly connected in the first groove (11), and the two limit springs (13) are respectively sleeved on the circumferential surfaces of the two first limit rods (14).

3. The anchor rod assembly with the energy absorbing function according to claim 2, wherein each of the extrusion positioning mechanisms comprises an extrusion block (9) slidably connected in the sliding groove (10), the extrusion block (9) is in contact with the inclined surfaces of the four friction blocks (12) respectively, a second groove (15) is formed in the extrusion block (9), two second limiting rods (16) are fixedly connected in the second groove (15), two clamping plates (18) are slidably connected to the circumferential surfaces of the two second limiting rods (16), two clamping springs (17) are fixedly connected between the two clamping plates (18), the two clamping springs (17) are respectively sleeved on the circumferential surfaces of the two second limiting rods (16), clamping blocks (19) are fixedly connected to the end portions, far away from the two clamping plates (18), of the two clamping grooves (20) are formed in the circumferential inner wall of the sliding groove (10), and the two clamping blocks (19) are respectively clamped with the two clamping grooves (20).

4. The anchor rod assembly with the energy absorption function according to claim 1, wherein the solid anchor rod body (1) is cylindrical and is provided with external threads on the periphery, the limiting ring (7) is annular and is provided with internal threads on the inner wall thereof, and the internal threads are matched with the external threads of the solid anchor rod body (1).

5. An energy-absorbing anchor rod assembly according to claim 4, wherein the number of the limiting rings (7) fixed on the periphery of the solid anchor rod body (1) is at least two, and wherein an expansion clip (4) is arranged between the two limiting rings (7) to form an expansion limiting assembly, the expansion clip (4) has a contraction state and an expansion state, and the expansion clip (4) can be switched between the contraction state and the expansion state by adjusting the distance between the two limiting rings (7) forming the expansion limiting assembly.

6. The anchor rod assembly with energy absorbing function according to claim 5, wherein the expansion clip (4) comprises at least two V-shaped elastic snap blocks (401) separated from each other and two connecting rings (402) at two ends of the V-shaped elastic snap blocks (401), the two connecting rings (402) are respectively and fixedly connected with inner end walls of the two limiting rings (7) forming the expansion limiting assembly, the outer wall of the middle portion of the V-shaped elastic snap blocks (401) is an abutting plane (403), the abutting plane (403) is a rough surface, the expansion clip (4) comprises at least six V-shaped elastic snap blocks (401) separated from each other, and the at least six V-shaped elastic snap blocks (401) separated from each other are uniformly distributed along the outer periphery of the solid anchor rod body (1).

7. The anchor rod assembly with the energy absorbing function according to claim 5, wherein the expansion limiting assembly is arranged close to the upper end of the solid anchor rod body (1), and a plurality of linkage grooves (701) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of one limiting ring (7) of the two limiting rings (7) forming the expansion limiting assembly, wherein the limiting ring (7) is close to the upper end of the solid anchor rod body (1).

8. An energy-absorbing anchor rod assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a first sealing pad (5) is arranged on the solid anchor rod body (1) near the upper end, and a screw hole (501) which is in threaded fit with the solid anchor rod body (1) is arranged in the first sealing pad (5).

9. The anchor rod assembly with the energy absorption function according to claim 8, wherein a second sealing cushion plate (6) is arranged below the first sealing cushion plate (5), a round hole (601) matched with the outer diameter of the solid anchor rod body (1) is formed in the second sealing cushion plate (6), convex blocks (602) matched with the exhaust pipe limiting groove (101) and the grouting pipe limiting groove (102) are formed in the round hole (601), and through holes (603) for the exhaust pipe (2) and the grouting pipe (3) to penetrate through are formed in the two convex blocks (602).