CN115450672A - Active and passive rapid unloading device for hydraulic support upright post - Google Patents
Active and passive rapid unloading device for hydraulic support upright post Download PDFInfo
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- CN115450672A CN115450672A CN202211027521.7A CN202211027521A CN115450672A CN 115450672 A CN115450672 A CN 115450672A CN 202211027521 A CN202211027521 A CN 202211027521A CN 115450672 A CN115450672 A CN 115450672A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/44—Hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
- E21D15/51—Component parts or details of props specially adapted to hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props, e.g. arrangements of relief valves
- E21D15/512—Arrangement of valves
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/60—Devices for withdrawing props or chocks
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic support quick unloading, and particularly relates to a hydraulic support upright post active and passive quick unloading device; the method has two modes of passive positive feedback type fast unloading and active type fast unloading; comprises a safety valve, a wireless stress strain gauge, a controller and an electromagnetic switch valve; the safety valve comprises a valve body, a main valve component and a pilot valve component, wherein the pilot valve component is integrated in the main valve component, so that the structure is compact, the integration degree is high, the opening and closing processes both have positive feedback promoting effects, and the passive unloading response speed is accelerated; the stress at the upper end of the hydraulic support column is detected through the wireless stress strain gauge, the stress change of a detection point of the wireless stress strain gauge is earlier than the pressure change of the lower cavity of the column, the response time from the pressure on the top plate to the opening and unloading of the safety valve is shortened, and the wireless stress strain gauge is combined with a wireless measurement, transmission and control technology, so that the intelligent level is improved. The unloading device for the hydraulic support upright post has the functions of active and passive double rapid unloading, has double insurance function, and ensures the intelligent, safe and efficient production of the fully mechanized coal mining face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic support quick unloading, and particularly relates to an active and passive quick unloading device for a hydraulic support upright post.
Background
The coal mine hydraulic support supports and manages the top plate, often bears the impact load of the top plate, and when the top plate sinks quickly, the existing unloading safety valve cannot discharge liquid in the lower cavity of the stand column quickly and timely, so that the pressure rises sharply, and sometimes even the problems that the production safety is seriously threatened due to the fact that the pressure of the lower cavity of the stand column is too high, such as the stand column expands, explodes, penetrates through the top and the like, occur. The existing unloading safety valve has the problem of slow opening and closing response in structure and principle, the unloading of the safety valve belongs to passive pressure-bearing unloading, and because the cross section area of an upright post containing cavity of the hydraulic support is large, pressure transmission has a process, and when the pressure of a top plate is transmitted to the safety valve, the local pressure of the lower cavity of the upright post exceeds the set pressure of the safety valve. Therefore, there is a need for an unloading device that can be quickly opened and closed and has an early active unloading function.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to reduce or even eliminate the accidents of cylinder expansion, cylinder explosion, top penetration and the like of the hydraulic support caused by impact load.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: an active and passive rapid unloading device for a hydraulic support upright column comprises a safety valve, a wireless stress strain gauge, a controller and an electromagnetic switch valve;
the safety valve comprises a valve body, a main valve component and a pilot valve component;
the main valve component comprises a main valve core and a main return spring; the main valve core is assembled in the valve body in a sliding and sealing mode, and the main return spring uses the valve body as a support to push the main valve core to block a passage between a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet on the valve body;
the main valve core is hollow, the pilot valve component is assembled on the valve body and is in sliding seal with the inner cavity of the main valve core, and a main valve core control cavity is formed among the main valve core, the valve body and the pilot valve component;
the pilot valve part is internally provided with a main flow passage and a secondary flow passage, the liquid inlet is communicated with the outside of the valve body after passing through an inner cavity of the main valve core and the main flow passage, the main flow passage comprises a section of straight hole passage section, an upper ball valve is arranged at the upper port of the straight hole passage section, a lower ball valve is arranged at the lower port of the straight hole passage section, an ejector rod is arranged in the straight hole passage section, the upper ball valve, the lower ball valve and the ejector rod are arranged along the same axis, the upper ball valve and the lower ball valve are respectively pushed to the straight hole passage section by a spring, the length of the ejector rod is greater than the length of the straight hole passage section, when the pressure at the liquid inlet is lower than the set pressure, the upper ball valve blocks the upper port, and the ejector rod pushes the lower ball valve to open the lower port; the secondary flow passage is positioned between the upper ball valve and the lower ball valve, the secondary flow passage is communicated with the straight hole passage section in a crossing manner, and the liquid inlet is communicated with the main valve core control cavity after passing through the inner cavity of the main valve core, the main flow passage and the secondary flow passage;
the oil discharge pore passage on the main valve core, the oil discharge pore passage on the valve body, and the cavity at the joint of the main valve core and the valve body form a moving passage for communicating the control cavity of the main valve core and the outside of the valve body; be provided with the wireless emitter of data on the wireless stress foil gage, wireless stress foil gage is used for monitoring hydraulic support stand stress to can with the controller communication, the controller can send the break-make instruction to the electromagnetic switch valve, the controller is used for receiving the stress value data that wireless stress foil gage sent, and judge whether stress value data is greater than the default, and then control electromagnetic switch valve is expert, disconnected, electromagnetic switch valve's inlet links to each other with the oil discharge pore on the valve body, the liquid outlet links to each other with the liquid return line.
Furthermore, a transverse pore canal is arranged on the main valve core, one end of the transverse pore canal is communicated with the control cavity of the main valve core, the other end of the transverse pore canal is connected with an annular channel on the inner wall surface of the valve body, and the length of the annular channel is greater than the stroke of the transverse pore canal when the main valve core moves up and down; a pore canal is arranged between the bottom of the annular groove channel and the outside of the valve body.
Furthermore, the pilot valve component comprises a pilot valve sleeve, the lower end of the pilot valve sleeve is in sliding seal with the inner cavity of the main valve core, the upper end of the pilot valve sleeve is fixedly connected with the valve body through a fastening screw, a main reset spring is sleeved at the lower end of the pilot valve sleeve, and the two ends of the main reset spring are respectively abutted to the upper end face of the pilot valve sleeve and the step face of the inner cavity of the main valve core; the main flow passage and the secondary flow passage are integrated in the pilot valve sleeve.
Furthermore, the upper end of the inner part of the pilot valve sleeve is provided with a single-stage step hole, and the lower end of the pilot valve sleeve is provided with a two-stage step hole; the single-stage step hole is communicated with the two-stage step hole;
an upper ball valve, a guide spring seat, a pressure regulating spring and an adjusting screw are arranged in a first step hole of the single-step stepped hole, the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the first step hole, a groove is formed in the lower end face of the guide spring seat, the upper ball valve is arranged in the groove, a step is arranged on the periphery of the guide spring seat, and the pressure regulating spring is arranged between the adjusting screw and the step of the guide spring seat; the cavity in the first-step hole inside the adjusting screw is communicated with the outside;
a locking sleeve and a pilot valve seat are sequentially arranged in the two-stage stepped hole from bottom to top, a mechanical limiting surface of the locking sleeve is tightly attached to a first-stage stepped surface of the two-stage stepped hole, an upper end surface of the locking sleeve is tightly attached to a lower end surface of the pilot valve seat, a through hole is formed in the locking sleeve, and a lower ball valve and a pilot return spring are sequentially arranged in the through hole from top to bottom;
the upper end face of the pilot valve seat is flush with the step face of the single-stage stepped hole, and the mechanical limiting face of the pilot valve seat is attached to the second-stage step face of the two-stage stepped hole; the pilot valve seat is internally provided with a central hole along the vertical direction, the ejector rod is arranged in the central hole along the vertical direction, the two ends of the central hole along the vertical direction are provided with an upper valve port and a lower valve port, the upper ball valve is matched with the upper valve port of the pilot valve seat, the lower ball valve is matched with the lower valve port of the pilot valve seat, the middle part of the pilot valve seat is provided with a small hole along the horizontal direction, and the small hole is aligned with a transversely-through pore channel on the pilot valve sleeve.
Furthermore, the through hole in the locking sleeve is a stepped hole, the lower ball valve and the pilot return spring are positioned in the large hole at the upper end, and the small hole at the lower end is a damping hole.
Further, the locking sleeve is connected with a threaded hole at the lower end of the pilot valve sleeve through external threads.
Furthermore, the filter is also included, and the filter is inserted into the main valve core from the lower end of the main valve core.
Furthermore, the contact part of the lower end of the main valve core and the interior of the valve body is conical or circular arc-shaped, and a conical valve or ball valve structure is correspondingly formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
when the existing pilot-operated safety valve is opened and unloaded, the control cavity of the main valve core is communicated with the port P, so that liquid in the control cavity is prevented from being discharged outwards through the upper ball valve, and the upward moving opening speed of the main valve core is reduced. In the opening process of the main valve element of the safety valve, the upper end control cavity (namely the cavity where the main return spring is located) is isolated from the P port, so that the outward liquid discharge of the control cavity can be accelerated, and the upward opening speed of the main valve element is accelerated. When the valve is closed, the high-pressure liquid accelerates the downward closing speed of the main valve core by depending on the spring force of the main return spring and the pressure of the P port. The invention ensures that the opening and closing processes of the main valve core of the safety valve both have positive feedback promoting effect, the opening and closing processes are accelerated, the response speed of the safety valve is integrally improved, the accident rate of the hydraulic support such as expansion, cylinder explosion and roof penetration of the upright post caused by bearing impact load is reduced and even eliminated, and the safe production of the fully mechanized mining working face of the coal mine is ensured.
Compared with the passive quick unloading, the active quick unloading method has the advantages that the stress change of the detection point is earlier than the pressure change of the lower cavity of the upright post, so that the response time from the pressing of the top plate to the opening of the unloading is shortened; and the intelligent level is improved by combining wireless measurement, transmission and control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a valve body; 2-a filter; 3-main valve core; 4-a pilot return spring; 5-a locking sleeve; 6-lower ball valve; 7-a mandril; 8-a pilot valve seat; 9-upper ball valve; 10-a main return spring; 11-a fastening screw; 12-a pilot valve sleeve; 13-a guide spring seat; 14-a pressure regulating spring; 15-adjusting screws; 16-wireless stress strain gauges; 17-a controller; 18-electromagnetic switch valve.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
As shown in fig. 1: an active and passive rapid unloading device for a hydraulic support upright column comprises a safety valve, a wireless stress strain gauge 16, a controller 17 and an electromagnetic switch valve 18; the safety valve comprises a valve body 1, a main valve component and a pilot valve component; the pilot valve part is integrated in the main valve part; liquid outlets O are uniformly arranged on the valve body 1, and a liquid inlet P is arranged at the lower part of the valve body 1.
The main valve component comprises a main valve core 3 and a main return spring 10; the main valve core 3 is assembled in the valve body 1 in a sliding and sealing manner, and the main return spring 10 uses the valve body 1 as a support to push the main valve core 3 to block a passage between a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet on the valve body 1; the main valve core 3 is hollow inside, the pilot valve component is assembled on the valve body 1 and is in sliding seal with the inner cavity of the main valve core 3, and a main valve core control cavity is formed among the main valve core 3, the valve body 1 and the pilot valve component.
A main flow passage and a secondary flow passage are arranged in the pilot valve part, a liquid inlet is communicated with the outside of the valve body after passing through an inner cavity of the main valve core 3 and the main flow passage, the main flow passage comprises a straight hole passage section, an upper ball valve 9 is arranged at the upper port of the straight hole passage section, a lower ball valve 6 is arranged at the lower port of the straight hole passage section, an ejector rod 7 is arranged in the straight hole passage section, the upper ball valve 9, the lower ball valve 6 and the ejector rod 7 are arranged along the same axis, the upper ball valve 9 and the lower ball valve 6 are respectively pushed to the straight hole passage section by a spring, the length of the ejector rod 7 is greater than that of the straight hole passage section, when the pressure at the liquid inlet is lower than the set pressure, the upper port is blocked by the upper ball valve 9, and the lower port is opened by the ejector rod 7 pushing the lower ball valve 6; the secondary flow passage is positioned between the upper ball valve 9 and the lower ball valve 6, the secondary flow passage is communicated with the straight hole passage section in a crossing way, and the liquid inlet is communicated with the main valve core control cavity after passing through the inner cavity of the main valve core 3, the main flow passage and the secondary flow passage.
An oil discharge pore passage on the main valve core 3, an oil discharge pore passage on the valve body 1, and a cavity at the joint of the main valve core 3 and the valve body 1 form a moving passage for communicating a main valve core control cavity with the outside of the valve body 1; be provided with the wireless emitter of data on the wireless stress foil gage 16, wireless stress foil gage 16 is used for monitoring hydraulic support stand stress, and can communicate with controller 17, controller 17 can send the on-off instruction to electromagnetic switch valve 18, controller 17 is used for receiving the stress value data that wireless stress foil gage 16 sent, and judge whether stress value data is greater than the default, and then control electromagnetic switch valve 18 and switch on, break, electromagnetic switch valve 18's inlet links to each other with the oil discharge pore on the valve body 1, the liquid outlet links to each other with the liquid return line.
Specifically, 3 lower extremes of main valve element are equipped with the screw hole, and filter 2 relies on 2 lower extreme external screw threads of filter and 3 lower extreme screw hole erection joint of main valve element inside from 3 lower extreme cartridge of main valve element, and the reason that sets up filter 3 is because inside can be because there is a large amount of iron fillings magazines in the reciprocating motion wearing and tearing of hydraulic support stand, blocks up guide's ball valve port easily, needs to carry out the precision filtration.
The outer wall surface of the main valve core 3 is contacted with the inner wall surface of the valve body 1, the inner wall surface of the main valve core 3 is contacted with the outer wall surface of the pilot valve sleeve 12, the main valve core 3 can slide along the inner wall surface of the valve body 1 and the outer wall surface of the pilot valve sleeve 12 in the vertical direction, and the opening and closing of a P-O valve port are controlled; an annular cavity is arranged at the upper end of the main valve core 3, and a main return spring 4 is arranged in the annular cavity; the upper end surface of the main valve core 3, the inner wall surface of the valve body 1 and the wall surface of the pilot valve sleeve 12 form a main valve core control cavity; the contact part of the lower end of the main valve core 3 and the interior of the valve body is conical or circular arc-shaped, so that a conical valve or ball valve structure is formed.
Specifically, the pilot valve component consists of a pilot valve sleeve 12, a pilot return spring 4, a locking sleeve 5, a lower ball valve 6, a mandril 7, a pilot valve seat 8, an upper ball valve 9, a pilot spring seat 13, a pressure regulating spring 14 and a regulating screw 15; the upper ball valve 9 and the lower ball valve 6 are identical in size, and the upper ball valve 9, the lower ball valve 6 and the ejector rod 7 are arranged along the same axis.
The upper end of the interior of the pilot valve sleeve 12 is provided with a single-stage stepped hole, and the lower end is provided with a two-stage stepped hole; the single-stage stepped hole is communicated with the two-stage stepped hole. An upper ball valve 9, a guide spring seat 13, a pressure regulating spring 14 and a regulating screw 15 are arranged in a first step hole of the single-step stepped hole; the upper part of the first step hole of the single-step stepped hole is processed with threads, and the adjusting screw 15 is connected with the first step hole through the thread structure. The upper end of the single-stage stepped hole is provided with an inclined hole channel d so that the first-stage hole is communicated with the outside;
the lower end face of the guide spring seat 13 is provided with a groove, the upper ball valve 9 is arranged in the groove, a step is arranged on the outer side of the spring seat 13, the outer side of the spring seat 13 and the inner wall surface of the pilot valve sleeve 12 form an annular containing cavity, the pressure regulating spring 14 is arranged in the annular containing cavity between the regulating screw 15 and the spring seat 13, and two ends of the pressure regulating spring 14 are respectively abutted to the steps of the regulating screw 15 and the guide spring seat 13.
The two-stage stepped hole of the pilot valve sleeve 12 is internally provided with a locking sleeve 5 and a pilot valve seat 8 from bottom to top in sequence.
The mechanical limiting face of the locking sleeve 5 is tightly attached to the first-stage step face of the two-stage step hole, the upper end face of the locking sleeve 5 is tightly attached to the lower end face of the pilot valve seat 8, the locking sleeve 5 is connected with a threaded hole at the lower end of the pilot valve sleeve 12 through external threads, the step hole is formed in the locking sleeve 5, the lower ball valve 6 and the pilot reset spring 4 are sequentially installed in the upper-end large hole from top to bottom, and the lower-end small hole is a fine damping hole a and used for preventing system main oil way pressure fluctuation from influencing the stability of the pilot valve and the main valve.
The upper end face of the pilot valve seat 8 is flush with the step face of the single-stage stepped hole, the mechanical limiting face of the pilot valve seat 8 is attached to the second-stage step face of the two-stage stepped hole, and a small hole is formed in the middle of the pilot valve seat 8 along the horizontal direction and is aligned with a hole channel c in the pilot valve sleeve 12; a central hole is formed in the pilot valve seat 8 along the vertical direction, an upper valve port and a lower valve port are arranged at two ends of the central hole in the vertical direction, the upper ball valve 9 is matched with the upper valve port of the pilot valve seat 8, the lower ball valve 6 is matched with the lower valve port of the pilot valve seat 8, the upper small ball 9 is tightly pressed on the upper valve port of the pilot valve seat 8 under the action of the pressure regulating spring 14, and the valve port of the upper ball valve 9 is closed; the lower small ball 6 is pressed on a lower valve port of the pilot valve seat 8 under the action of the pilot return spring 4, the ejector rod 7 is arranged in a central hole in the vertical direction in the pilot valve seat 8, the length of the ejector rod 7 must ensure that when the upper ball valve 9 is in a closed state, the valve port of the lower ball valve 6 is in an open state, an annular gap pore passage b is formed between the ejector rod 7 and the central hole in the vertical direction in the pilot valve seat 8, and the annular gap pore passage b is in cross communication with the horizontal transverse pore passage c.
The upper end of the inner wall surface of the valve body 1 is provided with an annular channel e and an active control orifice f, the annular channel e is communicated with the active control orifice f, the upper end of the main valve core 3 is provided with a transverse channel d, the left end of the transverse channel d is communicated with the control cavity of the main valve core, the right end of the transverse channel d is connected with the annular channel e on the inner wall surface of the valve body 1, the right end of the transverse channel d does not exceed the upper and lower coverage ranges of the annular channel e when the main valve core moves up and down, and the transverse channel d and the annular channel e are always in a communicated state.
The wireless stress strain gauge 16 is attached to the upper end of the hydraulic support stand column and is adjacent to the top plate, and a data wireless transmitting device such as Bluetooth or wifi is arranged on the wireless stress strain gauge 16 and can communicate with the controller 17; a chip is arranged in the controller 17, a data wireless receiving device such as Bluetooth or wifi is integrated on the chip and can receive data sent by the wireless stress strain gauge 16, a logic operation and judgment program is stored in the chip, and the controller 17 can send an on-off instruction to the electromagnetic switch valve 18; the liquid inlet of the electromagnetic switch valve is connected with the active control hole f on the valve body 1, the liquid outlet is connected with the liquid return pipeline or directly exposed, and the electromagnetic switch valve 18 is just in a normally closed position.
The invention relates to a hydraulic support upright post active and passive rapid unloading device; the method has two modes of passive positive feedback type rapid unloading and active type rapid unloading, wherein the active type rapid unloading mode is executed under the normal condition, and when an electrical control system such as a wireless stress strain gauge or an electromagnetic switch valve breaks down, the electrical control system is unloaded by the passive type rapid unloading mode.
Active fast unloading mode:
when the top plate is pressed, the load pressure is transmitted to the liquid in the lower cavity of the upright post through the upright post of the hydraulic support, and the stress change of the position where the upper end of the upright post of the hydraulic support is connected with the top plate is earlier than the pressure change of the safety valve. The one-to-one correspondence relationship between the upper end stress of the upright post of the hydraulic support and the lower cavity pressure of the upright post is established in advance through tests, and the one-to-one correspondence relationship is made into a data table and stored in the controller. When the top plate is pressed, the stress change of the upper end of the upright column is detected through the wireless stress strain gauge 16, data are sent to the controller 17 through a wireless transmitting device of the wireless stress strain gauge 16, the controller 17 judges the stress, when the received stress value is larger than the stress value corresponding to the unloading pressure value of the lower cavity of the upright column, the controller 17 immediately sends a switch-on instruction to the electromagnetic switch valve 18, and the electromagnetic switch valve 18 is rapidly switched to the opening state from the closing state. The oil liquid in the control cavity of the main valve core passes through a transverse hole channel d on the main valve core 3, an annular channel e and an active control orifice f on the valve body 1 and is discharged through the electromagnetic switch valve 18, meanwhile, the oil liquid in the port P is filtered through the filter 2 → the damping hole a → the hole channel b → the hole channel c → the hole channel d → the annular channel e → the active control orifice f, and is discharged through the electromagnetic switch valve 18. At this time, the pressure in the control cavity of the main valve core is reduced, the main valve core 3 breaks the original balance and moves up rapidly, and the P-O unloading channel is opened for unloading. After unloading, when the received stress value is smaller than the stress value corresponding to the unloading pressure value in the lower cavity of the upright post, the controller 17 immediately sends a power-off instruction to the electromagnetic switch valve 18, the electromagnetic switch valve 18 is rapidly converted from the open state to the closed state, the liquid in the control cavity of the main valve core cannot be discharged outwards any more, the oil in the port P is filtered by the filter, enters the valve port of the lower ball valve through the damping hole a, and then passes through the annular gap pore passage b and the horizontal transverse pore passage c to fill the control containing cavity at the upper end of the main valve core 3, the pressure of the control containing cavity rises, the main valve core 3 rapidly moves downwards, the main unloading channel P-O is closed immediately, and unloading is stopped. This completes a complete unloading process.
Passive fast unload mode:
the P port is connected to the lower cavity of the upright column of the hydraulic support, when the pressure of the P port is lower than the set pressure of the pressure regulating spring 14, the upper ball valve 9 is pressed on the upper end surface of the pilot valve seat 8 by the guide spring seat under the action of the pressure regulating spring 14, the upper end of the annular gap pore passage b is sealed, and the lower ball valve 6 is in an open state under the action of the ejector rod 7. Oil enters from the oil inlet P, is filtered by the filter, enters the valve port of the lower ball valve through the damping hole a, passes through the annular gap pore passage b and reaches the upper ball valve 9, the annular gap pore passage b is in cross communication with the horizontal transverse pore passage c, the oil is filled in the control containing cavity at the upper end of the main valve core 3, and all the oil is in a static state. The pressure of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the main valve core 3 is equal, and the main valve core is in a closed state under the action of the main return spring, namely the unloading channel P-O is closed. When the pressure of the port P is higher than the set pressure of the pressure regulating spring 14, the upper ball valve 9 overcomes the set force of the pressure regulating spring 14 under the action of hydraulic pressure, the upper ball valve 9 is pushed upwards, the valve port of the upper ball valve is opened, and meanwhile, the lower ball valve 6 moves upwards under the action of the pilot return spring 4 to close the valve port of the lower ball valve. Liquid in the control cavity at the upper end of the main valve core 3 (namely the containing cavity where the main return spring is located) passes through the transverse pore passage c and the annular gap pore passage b, then passes through the valve port of the upper ball valve, reaches the containing cavity where the pressure regulating spring is located, and is discharged through the pore passage d, so that the liquid pressure in the control cavity at the upper end of the main valve core 3 is reduced, the original pressure balance of the main valve core is broken, the main valve core 3 moves upwards, at the moment, the unloading channel P-O is communicated, and the unloading of the lower cavity of the upright post of the hydraulic support is started. When the pressure in the lower cavity of the upright post is lower than the set pressure of the pressure regulating spring 14 again, the upper ball valve 9 is closed again, the lower ball valve 6 is opened again, the control cavity at the upper end of the main valve element 3 (namely the cavity where the main return spring is located) stops discharging liquid outwards, high-pressure liquid at the port P flows through the hole damping hole a, the annular gap pore passage b and the transverse pore passage c again and reaches the control cavity at the upper end of the main valve element 3, the high-pressure liquid and the main return spring 10 jointly act to enable the main valve element 3 to move downwards, the unloading channel P-O is closed, and the upright post starts to normally bear the load of the top plate again.
The invention relates to a hydraulic support upright post active and passive rapid unloading device; the method has two modes of passive positive feedback type fast unloading and active type fast unloading; the pilot valve component is integrated in the main valve component, so that the structure is compact, the integration degree is high, the opening and closing processes both have positive feedback promoting effect, and the passive unloading response speed is accelerated; the stress at the upper end of the upright post of the hydraulic support is detected through the wireless stress strain gauge, the stress change of a detection point of the wireless stress strain gauge is earlier than the pressure change of the lower cavity of the upright post, the response time from the pressure of the top plate to the opening and unloading of the safety valve is shortened, and the wireless stress strain gauge is combined with a wireless measurement, transmission and control technology, so that the intelligent level is improved. The unloading device for the hydraulic support upright post has the functions of active and passive double rapid unloading, has double insurance function, and ensures the intelligent, safe and efficient production of the fully mechanized coal mining face.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a passive quick uninstallation device of hydraulic support stand owner which characterized in that: comprises a safety valve, a wireless stress strain gauge (16), a controller (17) and an electromagnetic switch valve (18);
the safety valve comprises a valve body (1), a main valve component and a pilot valve component;
the main valve component comprises a main valve core (3) and a main return spring (10); the main valve core (3) is assembled in the valve body (1) in a sliding and sealing manner, and the main return spring (10) uses the valve body (1) as a support to push the main valve core (3) to block a passage between a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet on the valve body (1);
the main valve core (3) is hollow, the pilot valve component is assembled on the valve body (1) and is in sliding seal with the inner cavity of the main valve core (3), and a main valve core control cavity is formed among the main valve core (3), the valve body (1) and the pilot valve component;
a main flow passage and a secondary flow passage are arranged in the pilot valve part, a liquid inlet is communicated with the outside of the valve body after passing through an inner cavity of the main valve core (3) and the main flow passage, the main flow passage comprises a straight hole passage section, an upper ball valve (9) is arranged at an upper port of the straight hole passage section, a lower ball valve (6) is arranged at a lower port of the straight hole passage section, an ejector rod (7) is arranged in the straight hole passage section, the upper ball valve (9), the lower ball valve (6) and the ejector rod (7) are arranged along the same axis, the upper ball valve (9) and the lower ball valve (6) are respectively pushed to the straight hole passage section by springs, the length of the ejector rod (7) is greater than that of the straight hole passage section, when the pressure at the liquid inlet is lower than the set pressure, the upper ball valve (9) blocks the upper port, and the ejector rod (7) pushes the lower ball valve (6) to open the lower port; the secondary flow passage is positioned between the upper ball valve (9) and the lower ball valve (6), the secondary flow passage is communicated with the straight hole passage section in a crossing way, and the liquid inlet is communicated with the main valve core control cavity after passing through the inner cavity of the main valve core (3), the main flow passage and the secondary flow passage;
an oil discharge pore passage on the main valve core (3), an oil discharge pore passage on the valve body (1), and a cavity at the joint of the main valve core (3) and the valve body (1) form a floating passage which is communicated with a main valve core control cavity and the outside of the valve body (1); be provided with the wireless emitter of data on wireless stress foil gage (16), wireless stress foil gage (16) are used for monitoring hydraulic support stand stress, and can communicate with controller (17), controller (17) can send the on-off instruction to electromagnetic switch valve (18), controller (17) are used for receiving the stress value data that wireless stress foil gage (16) sent, and judge whether stress value data are greater than the default, and then control electromagnetic switch valve (18) are expert, it is disconnected, the inlet of electromagnetic switch valve (18) links to each other with the oil discharge pore on valve body (1), the liquid outlet links to each other with the liquid return pipeline.
2. The active and passive fast unloading device of a hydraulic support upright post of claim 1, characterized in that: a transverse pore canal is arranged on the main valve core (3), one end of the transverse pore canal is communicated with the main valve core control cavity, the other end of the transverse pore canal is connected with an annular channel on the inner wall surface of the valve body (1), and the length of the annular channel is greater than the stroke of the transverse pore canal when the main valve core moves up and down; a pore canal is arranged between the bottom of the annular groove channel and the outside of the valve body (1).
3. A positive feedback type rapid response safety valve for a hydraulic mount according to claim 1, wherein: the pilot valve component comprises a pilot valve sleeve (12), the lower end of the pilot valve sleeve (12) is in sliding seal with the inner cavity of the main valve core (3), the upper end of the pilot valve sleeve is fixedly connected with the valve body (1) through a fastening screw (11), a main reset spring (10) is sleeved at the lower end of the pilot valve sleeve (12), and two ends of the main reset spring (10) are respectively abutted to the end surface of the upper end of the pilot valve sleeve (12) and the step surface of the inner cavity of the main valve core (3); the primary and secondary flow channels are integrated in the pilot valve housing (12).
4. A positive feedback type rapid response safety valve for a hydraulic mount according to claim 3, wherein: the upper end of the interior of the pilot valve sleeve (12) is provided with a single-stage step hole, and the lower end of the interior of the pilot valve sleeve is provided with a two-stage step hole; the single-stage step hole is communicated with the two-stage step hole;
an upper ball valve (9), a guide spring seat (13), a pressure regulating spring (14) and an adjusting screw (15) are arranged in a first step hole of the single-stage stepped hole, the adjusting screw (15) is in threaded connection with the first step hole, a groove is formed in the lower end face of the guide spring seat (13), the upper ball valve (9) is arranged in the groove, a step is arranged on the periphery of the guide spring seat (13), and the pressure regulating spring (14) is arranged between the adjusting screw (15) and the step of the guide spring seat (13); the cavity inside the adjusting screw (15) in the first step hole is communicated with the outside;
a locking sleeve (5) and a pilot valve seat (8) are sequentially arranged in the two-stage stepped hole from bottom to top, a mechanical limiting surface of the locking sleeve (5) is tightly attached to a first-stage stepped surface of the two-stage stepped hole, an upper end surface of the locking sleeve (5) is tightly attached to a lower end surface of the pilot valve seat (8), a through hole is formed in the locking sleeve (5), and a lower ball valve (6) and a pilot reset spring (4) are sequentially arranged in the through hole from top to bottom;
the upper end face of the pilot valve seat (8) is flush with the step face of the single-stage stepped hole, and the mechanical limiting face of the pilot valve seat (8) is attached to the second-stage step face of the two-stage stepped hole; a central hole is formed in the pilot valve seat (8) along the vertical direction, the ejector rod (7) is arranged in the central hole in the vertical direction, an upper valve port and a lower valve port are formed in the two ends of the central hole in the vertical direction, the upper ball valve (9) is matched with the upper valve port of the pilot valve seat (8), the lower ball valve (6) is matched with the lower valve port of the pilot valve seat (8), a small hole is formed in the middle of the pilot valve seat (8) along the horizontal direction, and the small hole is aligned with a hole channel (c) which is transversely communicated with the pilot valve sleeve (12).
5. The positive feedback type rapid response safety valve of a hydraulic support according to claim 4, wherein: the through hole in the locking sleeve (5) is a stepped hole, the lower ball valve (6) and the pilot return spring (4) are positioned in the upper end large hole, and the lower end small hole is a damping hole.
6. The positive feedback type rapid response safety valve of a hydraulic support according to claim 4, wherein: the locking sleeve (5) is connected with a threaded hole at the lower end of the pilot valve sleeve (12) through external threads.
7. A positive feedback type rapid response safety valve for a hydraulic mount according to claim 1, wherein: the filter is characterized by further comprising a filter (2), and the filter (2) is inserted into the main valve core (3) from the lower end of the main valve core (3).
8. The positive feedback type rapid response safety valve of hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: the contact part of the lower end of the main valve core (3) and the interior of the valve body (1) is conical or circular arc-shaped, and a conical valve or ball valve structure is correspondingly formed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211027521.7A CN115450672A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Active and passive rapid unloading device for hydraulic support upright post |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211027521.7A CN115450672A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Active and passive rapid unloading device for hydraulic support upright post |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115450672A true CN115450672A (en) | 2022-12-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211027521.7A Pending CN115450672A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Active and passive rapid unloading device for hydraulic support upright post |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115450672A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104989438A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-10-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Safety valve on hydraulic support middle vertical shaft |
| CN107345485A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-14 | 山东科技大学 | Hydraulic support pilot operated safety valve |
| CN112032377A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 浙江大学 | Quick-response pilot operated safety valve and system overpressure quick protection method |
| CN215370396U (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-12-31 | 安徽理工大学 | Pressure regulating valve with quick unloading function |
| CN115370634A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 太原理工大学 | Positive feedback type quick response safety valve of hydraulic support |
-
2022
- 2022-08-25 CN CN202211027521.7A patent/CN115450672A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104989438A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-10-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Safety valve on hydraulic support middle vertical shaft |
| CN107345485A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-14 | 山东科技大学 | Hydraulic support pilot operated safety valve |
| CN112032377A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 浙江大学 | Quick-response pilot operated safety valve and system overpressure quick protection method |
| CN215370396U (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-12-31 | 安徽理工大学 | Pressure regulating valve with quick unloading function |
| CN115370634A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 太原理工大学 | Positive feedback type quick response safety valve of hydraulic support |
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