CN115450609A - Bottom hole monitoring device and method for staged fracturing clustering parameters of horizontal well - Google Patents
Bottom hole monitoring device and method for staged fracturing clustering parameters of horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a shaft bottom monitoring device and method for horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters, and belongs to the technical field of horizontal well staged fracturing. The device comprises a data measurement receiving and sending device and a data measurement sending device which are respectively connected to a sleeve string, wherein the data measurement receiving and sending device and the data measurement sending device are communicated through electromagnetic waves; the system also comprises a data receiving device, wherein the data receiving device is in wireless connection with the data measuring, receiving and sending device, and the data receiving device is connected with the ground computing and processing station through a cable. The device can realize the measurement of each section of clustered well bottom parameters of the horizontal well and upload the parameters to a ground computer processing station, can analyze the extension condition of the fracture in time after each section of fracturing, analyze stratum information in time, know the defects of the original fracturing design, conveniently optimize the subsequent fracturing design in real time, and is beneficial to improving the fracturing effect and improving the development effect and yield-increasing benefit of the horizontal well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of horizontal well staged fracturing, and particularly relates to a bottom hole monitoring device and method for horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters.
Background
At present, the horizontal well segmented multi-cluster fracturing technology is widely applied to shale oil and gas, tight sandstone oil and gas and tight carbonate oil and gas reservoirs, and has achieved remarkable success. In particular, the number of single-segment perforating clusters is increased, and the number of the single-segment perforating clusters is gradually increased from 2-3 clusters in the early period to 6-9 clusters or more. With the increase of the number of clusters, the probability of unbalanced crack initiation and extension of each cluster of cracks in the section is greatly increased, which can reduce the induced stress interference effect in the section and cause local deformation of partial clusters due to too much fracturing fluid absorption. In addition, the crack with a large amount of liquid inlet liquid can influence the fracturing construction of the lower section due to too large induced stress, so that the stress interference between the sections is reduced only by increasing the section distance, and the utilization rate of the horizontal section is greatly reduced. Therefore, balanced initiation and propagation of each cluster of fractures within a section is a major fracture design focus. And if the cracks of each cluster need to be uniformly cracked and extended, the monitoring of the liquid inlet amount of the cracks of each cluster is very important. At present, in the aspect of monitoring balanced fracture initiation and extension of a horizontal well, only means such as a post-fracturing profile or a micro-earthquake are used, but the post-fracturing profile has a great relation with the heterogeneity of a reservoir stratum, and the uniformity degree of each cluster of fractures is not necessarily reflected. And most sections have a general result, so that the real situation of each cluster of cracks in the sections is difficult to react. The micro-seismic reaction is not true, and the uniform extension of each cluster of cracks is not mentioned.
Chinese patent publication CN102292518B discloses a method for downhole monitoring, comprising: an unmodified optical fiber disposed along a path of the wellbore to provide distributed acoustic sensing; simultaneously sampling data collected from a plurality of successive portions of the optical fiber; and processing the data to determine one or more wellbore parameters. The method comprises a perforation event and a fracturing event, and further comprises detecting well fluid flow, wherein the parameters comprise parameters such as flow speed and flow depth, and the like, and the technology adopts a light ray technology, belongs to a permanent arrangement mode and is high in cost.
In the application of the tracer in the evaluation of the productivity of the segmented volume fractured horizontal well, the output condition of each segment after segmented volume modification can adopt means such as fracture monitoring and the like, for example, a micro-seismic monitoring method combining the ground and the underground, but the method has the defects of low signal-to-noise ratio, high cost and poor credibility. The isotope tracing technology is an effective method for solving the engineering problem, but has certain radioactive pollution, and ZO series tracers are nontoxic and radiationless, have no pollution to stratum and no harm to light-sensitive high molecular compounds, have good chemical inertness and thermal stability, have respective fixed emission spectrum and excitation spectrum, and can simultaneously detect. The method can be used for monitoring and evaluating the effect of a horizontal well in a layered (segmented) modified reservoir, but the monitoring is carried out in the production period after fracturing, information cannot be fed back in time, and the fracturing effect of the well cannot be adjusted and optimized.
In a shale gas horizontal well yield increase and transformation volume evaluation model and application thereof, the horizontal well staged fracturing reservoir yield increase and transformation volume evaluation method mainly comprises a micro-seismic monitoring method, a clinometer measurement method and a mathematical model calculation method, wherein the direct measurement methods have the defects of high cost and poor reproducibility. A set of novel SRV numerical evaluation model is established for staged clustering fracture network fracturing of a horizontal well of a shale gas reservoir, numerical simulation and representation are carried out on expansion of a clustering fracture according to the SRV numerical evaluation model, total reservoir reconstruction volume is calculated, and mine field application verification is carried out on the novel model in a Fuling X1-HF well.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a new downhole direct measurement apparatus and method to solve the limitations of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a well bottom monitoring device and a method for horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a shaft bottom monitoring device for horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters, which comprises a data measuring, receiving and sending device and a data measuring and sending device, wherein the data measuring, receiving and sending device and the data measuring and sending device are respectively connected to a casing string;
the system also comprises a data receiving device, wherein the data receiving device is in wireless connection with the data measuring, receiving and sending device, and the data receiving device is connected with the ground computing and processing station through a cable.
A further development of the invention is that,
each section of fracturing of the horizontal well comprises a data measuring, receiving and sending device and a data measuring and sending device, the number of the data measuring, receiving and sending devices required by each section of fracturing is 1, and the number of the data measuring and sending devices required by each section of fracturing is the number of clusters minus 1.
A further development of the invention is that,
the data receiving device is connected in a pumping string of the next section of fracturing pumping bridge plug, and each section of fracturing later is connected with the data receiving device on the pumping string from the beginning of the second section of fracturing.
A further development of the invention is that,
the data measuring and sending device comprises a first upper joint, a first outer cylinder, a first inner assembly, a first inner cylinder and a first lower joint; the first inner cylinder is positioned in the inner cavity of the first outer cylinder, two ends of the first outer cylinder are respectively connected with the first upper joint and the first lower joint through threads, the outer wall of one end of the first inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the first upper joint through threads, and the outer wall of the other end of the first inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the first lower joint through threads; the first internal component is fixed on the first internal cylinder through a screw, and a measuring small hole for measuring temperature, pressure and flow is formed in the first internal cylinder.
A further development of the invention is that,
the first internal component comprises a storage transmitting module, a power supply module, a circuit board module, a flow testing module, a temperature testing module and a pressure testing module; the temperature testing module, the pressure testing module, the flow testing module, the power supply module and the storage and emission module are all connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the first upper joint, the first outer barrel, the first inner barrel and the first lower joint and are fixed on different parts of the first inner barrel.
A further development of the invention is that,
the data measuring, receiving and sending device comprises a second upper joint, a second outer cylinder, a second internal component, a second inner cylinder and a second lower joint, the second inner cylinder is positioned in an inner cavity of the second outer cylinder, two ends of the second outer cylinder are respectively connected with the second upper joint and the second lower joint through threads, the outer wall of one end of the second inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the second upper joint through threads, and the outer wall of the other end of the second inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the second lower joint through threads; the second internal component is fixed on the second internal cylinder through screws, and the second internal cylinder is provided with small measuring holes for measuring temperature, pressure and flow.
A further development of the invention is that,
the second internal component comprises a receiving, storing and transmitting module, a power supply module, a circuit board module, a flow testing module, a temperature testing module and a pressure testing module; the temperature testing module, the pressure testing module, the flow testing module, the power supply module and the receiving, storing and transmitting module are all connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the second upper joint, the second outer cylinder, the second inner cylinder and the second lower joint and are fixed on different parts of the second inner cylinder.
A further development of the invention is that,
the data receiving device comprises a third upper joint, a third outer cylinder, a third inner assembly, a third inner cylinder and a third lower joint, the third inner cylinder is positioned in an inner cavity of the third outer cylinder, two ends of the third outer cylinder are respectively connected with the third upper joint and the third lower joint through threads, the outer wall of one end of the third inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the third upper joint through threads, and the outer wall of the other end of the third inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the third lower joint through threads; the third internal component is fixed on the third internal cylinder through a screw, a cable connector is arranged on the third internal cylinder, and an antenna hole is arranged on the third external cylinder.
A further development of the invention is that,
the third internal component comprises a data receiving and transmitting module, a power supply module and a circuit board module; the data receiving and transmitting module and the power supply module are connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the third upper joint, the third outer cylinder, the third inner cylinder and the third lower joint and are fixed on different parts of the third inner cylinder.
The invention provides a well bottom monitoring method for staged fracturing clustering parameters of a horizontal well, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, drilling according to a well position design;
secondly, carrying out logging operation on the horizontal well section, and measuring various parameters of the stratum of the horizontal well section, wherein the specific parameters comprise resistivity, gamma, porosity and permeability and are used as a sectional clustering basis of the horizontal well for geological design;
thirdly, performing section and cluster selection design of horizontal well staged fracturing according to well logging and various geological data, and determining numerical values of each fracturing point, wherein the numerical values comprise the total section number of the horizontal well staged fracturing, the cluster number in each fracturing section, the fracturing crack scale of each section, specific construction parameters and a pumping program;
fourthly, connecting the data measurement receiving and sending devices and the data measurement sending devices to the casing string according to the quantity and the positions designed by the fracturing engineering, and then putting the casing string into the well and cementing the well;
the number of the data measuring and transmitting devices required by each section of fracturing of the horizontal well is 1, and the number of the data measuring and transmitting devices required by each section of fracturing is the number of clusters minus 1;
fifthly, performing first-stage fracturing operation;
in the first mode, a special perforating pipe column is arranged for perforating, then fracturing construction is carried out, and meanwhile, a first section of bottom hole monitoring device works to carry out bottom hole data measurement;
or in the second mode, the initial section of fracturing adopts a delayed sliding sleeve design, and the bottom hole data measurement is carried out from the second section of fracturing;
sixthly, in the process of preparing the ground pumping operation, each data measuring and sending device transmits the measured and stored data to a data measuring, receiving and sending device through electromagnetic waves;
seventhly, assembling a pumping pipe column string, sequentially connecting a pumping bridge plug, a bridge plug feeder, a perforating pipe column, a magnetic positioner and a cable, connecting a data receiving device in the pumping pipe column string, connecting the data receiving device with the cable through the magnetic positioner and a cable joint, establishing wireless connection between the data receiving device and a data measuring, receiving and sending device after the pumping pipe column is strung to the well bottom, transmitting well bottom fracturing data stored by the data measuring, receiving and sending device, including temperature, pressure and flow data of each cluster to the data receiving device, transmitting the data to a ground computer processing station through the cable, performing inversion of a first section of fracturing construction, judging the extending uniformity of each cluster of fractures, finding out the design deficiency, giving a suggestion of optimizing the next section of fracturing, and modifying the parameters of the next section of fracturing construction in time;
eighthly, carrying out bridge plug setting and perforation operation of the next section, and simultaneously starting a data measuring, receiving and sending device and each cluster of data measuring and sending devices in the fracturing of the section;
ninth, performing the fracturing operation of the section, and using an optimized pump injection program;
and step ten, repeating the step seven to the step nine, and completing the fracturing operation of each section in sequence.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a shaft bottom monitoring device and method for horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters, which can realize the measurement of each staged clustering shaft bottom parameter of a horizontal well and upload the parameters to a ground computer processing station, can analyze the extension condition of a crack in time after each staged fracturing, analyze formation information in time, know the defects of the original fracturing design, conveniently optimize the subsequent fracturing design in real time, are beneficial to improving the fracturing effect, improve the development effect of the horizontal well and improve the yield-increasing benefit. The invention has simple principle and high reliability and improves the development effect of the oil and gas reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downhole monitoring device for staged fracturing clustering parameters of a horizontal well according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical part of the data measurement transmitting device;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of a data measurement transmitting apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical part of the data measurement receiving and transmitting device;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of a data measurement transmitting/receiving device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a data receiving apparatus;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first mode of monitoring a first stage fracturing operation of a horizontal well;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second mode of monitoring a first stage fracturing operation of a horizontal well;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a principle of horizontal well staged fracturing clustering monitoring data recovery.
In the figure, 1, a data measurement transmitting device, 1-1, a first upper joint, 1-2, a first outer cylinder, 1-3, a first inner assembly, 1-4, a first inner cylinder, 1-5, a first lower joint, 2, a data measurement receiving and transmitting device, 2-1, a second upper joint, 2-2, a second outer cylinder, 2-3, a second inner assembly, 2-4, a second inner cylinder, 2-5, a second lower joint, 3, a data receiving device, 3-1, a third upper joint, 3-2, a third outer cylinder, 3-3, a third inner assembly, 3-4, a third inner cylinder, 3-5, a third lower joint, 3-6, a cable interface, 3-7, an antenna hole, 4, a computer processing station, 5, a casing string, 6, a delay sliding sleeve, 7, a cable, 8, a cable joint, 9, a magnetic locator, 10, 11, a bridge plug injector, 12, and a pumping bridge plug.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention relates to a bottom monitoring device and method for horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters, which are suitable for horizontal well staged fracturing well completion development. The monitoring device is arranged at the staged fracturing clustering position of the horizontal well, the pressure, the temperature and the flow of each cluster of cracks are measured in the fracturing process, the space geometric parameters of each cluster of cracks are analyzed and inverted through the analysis and the inversion of the parameters of each cluster, the rationality and the improved place of each cluster of fracturing design parameters are further analyzed, the adjustment is made in the next stage of fracturing construction, the construction parameters are further optimized, the cycle iteration is carried out, the fracturing design efficiency of each stage is gradually improved, the construction effect of the clustering in each stage of the horizontal well is further greatly improved, the fracturing construction effect of the whole block is further improved, the development cost is reduced, and the development benefit is improved.
According to the invention, accurate pressure, temperature and flow information of the stratum is known in real time, and the original design is corrected and optimized through the real information of the stratum, so that the design pertinence of the next section can be improved, and the implementation effect of the design is further improved, namely the fracturing yield-increasing effect is improved.
[ example 1 ] A method for producing a polycarbonate
The invention discloses a shaft bottom monitoring device for horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters, which comprises a data measuring, receiving and sending device 2 and a data measuring and sending device 1 which are respectively connected to a casing string 5, wherein the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2 and the data measuring and sending device 1 are communicated through electromagnetic waves, the data measuring and sending device 1 sends the monitored temperature, pressure and flow to the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2 through the electromagnetic waves for temporary storage, each stage of fracturing of a horizontal well comprises a monitoring device, the number of the data measuring, receiving and sending devices 2 required by each stage of fracturing is 1, and the number of the data measuring and sending devices 1 required by each stage of fracturing is the number of clusters minus 1. The two ends of the data measurement receiving and sending device 2 and the two ends of the data measurement sending device 1 are both provided with casing thread buckles which are respectively connected with the casing string 5 through threads.
Still include data receiver 3, data receiver 3 connects in the pumping tubular column cluster of next section fracturing pumping bridge plug, from the second section fracturing, each section fracturing later all is connected with data receiver 3 on the pumping tubular column cluster, data receiver 3 and data measurement receive and send device 2 wireless connection, data receiver 3 passes through cable 7 and is connected with ground calculation processing station 4, data receiver 3 receives the temperature of each cluster of last section fracturing that data measurement receive and send device 2 stored through the wireless transmission mode, the whole data of pressure and flow, send to ground calculation processing station 4 through cable 7, carry out the inversion to last section fracturing process before next section fracturing construction, the not enough of analysis fracturing design.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the data measuring and transmitting device 1 includes a first upper joint 1-1, a first outer cylinder 1-2, a first inner assembly 1-3, a first inner cylinder 1-4 and a first lower joint 1-5, the first inner cylinder 1-4 is located in the inner cavity of the first outer cylinder 1-2, two ends of the first outer cylinder 1-2 are respectively connected with the first upper joint 1-1 and the first lower joint 1-5 through threads, the outer wall of one end of the first inner cylinder 1-4 is connected with the inner wall of the first upper joint 1-1 through threads, and the outer wall of the other end of the first inner cylinder 1-4 is connected with the inner wall of the first lower joint 1-5 through threads; the first internal component 1-3 is fixed on the first internal cylinder 1-4 through screws, and the first internal cylinder 1-4 is provided with small measuring holes (not shown in the figure) for measuring temperature, pressure and flow. The first internal component 1-3 comprises a storage transmitting module, a power supply module, a circuit board module, a flow testing module, a temperature testing module and a pressure testing module; the temperature testing module, the pressure testing module, the flow testing module, the power supply module and the storage and emission module are all connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the first upper joint 1-1, the first outer barrel 1-2, the first inner barrel 1-4 and the first lower joint 1-5 and are fixed on different parts of the first inner barrel 1-4.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the data measurement receiving and sending device 2 has the same mechanical structure as the data measurement sending device 1, but has a longer length, and includes a second upper joint 2-1, a second outer cylinder 2-2, a second inner component 2-3, a second inner cylinder 2-4 and a second lower joint 2-5, the second inner cylinder 2-4 is located in the inner cavity of the second outer cylinder 2-2, two ends of the second outer cylinder 2-2 are respectively connected with the second upper joint 2-1 and the second lower joint 2-5 through threads, the outer wall of one end of the second inner cylinder 2-4 is connected with the inner wall of the second upper joint 2-1 through threads, and the outer wall of the other end of the second inner cylinder 2-4 is connected with the inner wall of the second lower joint 2-5 through threads; the second internal component 2-3 is fixed on the second internal cylinder 2-4 through a screw, a measuring small hole (not shown in the figure) for measuring temperature, pressure and flow is arranged on the second internal cylinder 2-4, and the second internal component 2-3 comprises a receiving, storing and transmitting module, a power supply module, a circuit board module, a flow testing module, a temperature testing module and a pressure testing module; the temperature testing module, the pressure testing module, the flow testing module, the power supply module and the receiving, storing and transmitting module are all connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the second upper joint 2-1, the second outer cylinder 2-2, the second inner cylinder 2-4 and the second lower joint 2-5 and are fixed on different parts of the second inner cylinder 2-4.
The difference between the data measurement transmitting and receiving device 2 and the data measurement transmitting and receiving device 1 is that the receiving function is added, the storage capacity of the storage function of the data measurement transmitting and receiving device 1 is smaller than that of the storage function of the data measurement transmitting and receiving device 2, the two devices are arranged at different positions, the data measurement transmitting and receiving device is arranged at the position of the first cluster of each segment, and the data measurement transmitting and receiving device is arranged below the data measurement transmitting and receiving device; the data measuring and transmitting device measures and stores parameters of the fracturing cluster where the data measuring and transmitting device is located, and then transmits the parameters to the data measuring and receiving and transmitting device, the data measuring and receiving and transmitting device not only measures and stores data of the fracturing cluster where the data measuring and transmitting device is located, but also receives and stores all data transmitted by the data measuring and transmitting devices of a plurality of clusters below the data measuring and transmitting device, and then transmits the data to the data receiving device in the pumping pipe string.
As shown in fig. 6, the data receiving device 3 includes a third upper joint 3-1, a third outer cylinder 3-2, a third inner assembly 3-3, a third inner cylinder 3-4 and a third lower joint 3-5, the third inner cylinder 3-4 is located in the inner cavity of the third outer cylinder 3-2, two ends of the third outer cylinder 3-2 are respectively connected with the third upper joint 3-1 and the third lower joint 3-5 through threads, the outer wall of one end of the third inner cylinder 3-4 is connected with the inner wall of the third upper joint 3-1 through threads, and the outer wall of the other end of the third inner cylinder 3-4 is connected with the inner wall of the third lower joint 3-5 through threads; the third internal component 3-3 is fixed on the third internal cylinder 3-4 through a screw, the third internal cylinder 3-4 is provided with a cable interface 3-6, the third external cylinder 3-2 is provided with an antenna hole 3-7, and the third internal component 2-3 comprises a data receiving and transmitting module, a power supply module and a circuit board module; the data receiving and transmitting module and the power supply module are connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the third upper joint 3-1, the third outer cylinder 3-2, the third inner cylinder 3-4 and the third lower joint 3-5 and are fixed on different parts of the third inner cylinder 3-4.
In the first stage of fracturing process, the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2 measures and stores the temperature, pressure and all flow data of a first cluster, n-1 data measuring and sending devices 1 respectively measure and store the temperature, pressure and flow data passing through the device of a second cluster, a third cluster and an nth cluster (n is the number of clusters in the first stage of fracturing), and after fracturing is finished, the n-1 data measuring and sending devices 1 send the stored data codes to the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2 in an electromagnetic wave transmission mode; when a pumping bridge plug is constructed in a second section, a data receiving device 3 is connected in a pumping pipe column string, the data receiving device 3 is in wireless connection with a data measuring, receiving and sending device 2 of a first section of fracturing, receives all data of temperature, pressure and flow of each cluster of the first section of fracturing stored by the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2 in a wireless transmission mode, and transmits the data to a ground computing and processing station 4 through a cable 7; then, carrying out bridge plug setting and each cluster perforation of the second section, simultaneously starting a data measuring, receiving and sending device 2 and each cluster data measuring and sending device 1 of the second section fracturing, measuring data in the second section fracturing construction, and circulating in this way to achieve the purpose of gradually improving the subsequent fracturing effect of each section. Each block can be constructed with 2-3 horizontal wells, so as to improve the fracturing effect of the whole block, reduce the development cost and improve the overall development benefit of the block.
The first cluster in the n clusters of each stage of fracturing is measured by the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2, the other clusters are measured by the data measuring, sending and sending device 1, the data measured by the data measuring, sending and sending device 1 is transmitted to the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2, but not all the clusters adopt the data measuring, receiving and sending device, and the main reason is that: first, the data measurement transmitting/receiving device 2 has more functions than the data measurement transmitting/receiving device 1, and is costly; secondly, the data measurement receiving and sending device 2 is closest to the data receiving device 3 in the pumping string, the transmission efficiency is highest, and thirdly, the whole system is simplest.
The invention relates to a bottom hole monitoring device for staged fracturing clustering parameters of a horizontal well, which is characterized in that:
(1) The method is characterized in that corresponding data measurement receiving and sending devices 2 and data measurement sending devices 1 are arranged in a horizontal well section according to design sections and cluster parameters, the data measurement sending devices 1 can measure and store bottom temperature, pressure and flow data, then transmit the data to the data measurement receiving and sending devices 2, the data measurement receiving and sending devices 2 can measure and store the bottom temperature, pressure and flow data, also can receive and store the data transmitted by the data measurement sending devices 1, transmit all the stored data to the data receiving device 3, and transmit the data to the ground computing and processing station 4 through a cable 7.
(2) After receiving the data, the data receiving device 3 can open the data measuring and receiving and sending device 2 of the next stage of fracturing and the data measuring and sending device 1 of each cluster, in this case, the data receiving device 3 on the pumping string, and activate the data measuring and receiving device 2 and the data measuring and sending device 1 of the next stage by a mode of sending data instructions.
(3) After each section of fracturing construction is finished, the bottom hole measurement data is transmitted to a computer processing station 4 for receiving data on the ground in time through a cable for pumping the bridge plug perforation at the next section, data processing is carried out in time, and fracturing construction parameters are optimized in time.
[ example 2 ]
The invention discloses a bottom hole monitoring method for staged fracturing clustering parameters of a horizontal well, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, drilling according to a well position design;
secondly, carrying out logging operation on the horizontal well section, and measuring various parameters of the stratum of the horizontal well section, wherein the specific parameters comprise parameters such as resistivity, gamma, porosity, permeability and the like, and the parameters are used as a sectional clustering basis of the horizontal well for geological design, so as to obtain a XXX horizontal well sectional fracturing geological design scheme;
thirdly, performing section and cluster selection design of horizontal well staged fracturing according to well logging and various geological data, determining numerical values of each fracturing point, wherein the numerical values comprise engineering designs such as total section number of horizontal well staged fracturing, cluster number in each fracturing section, fracturing crack scale of each section, specific construction parameters, pump injection procedures and the like, and providing a XXX horizontal well staged fracturing engineering design scheme which comprises the number of bottom hole data measuring, receiving and sending devices and data measuring and sending devices and performance requirements such as pressure resistance, temperature resistance and flow testing ranges; the data measurement receiving and sending device 2 and the data measurement sending device 1 are adaptive to the pressure grade and the temperature of the stratum in the aspects of pressure resistance and temperature resistance, the flow test range is larger than the design construction discharge capacity of the cluster, for example, the stratum pressure is 60MPa, the temperature is 120 ℃, the design discharge capacity is equal to 4 square/min for each cluster, the pressure resistance of the selected devices reaches 70MPa, the temperature resistance is 130 ℃, and the flow test range is 1-5 square/min;
fourthly, according to requirements of a XXX horizontal well staged fracturing engineering design scheme, carrying out production processing and performance testing on the data measurement receiving and sending devices and the data measurement sending devices in a production workshop, packaging the data measurement receiving and sending devices and the data measurement sending devices which are qualified in performance testing according to the number of fracturing engineering designs, sending the data measurement receiving and sending devices and the data measurement sending devices to a construction well site, connecting the data measurement receiving and sending devices and the data measurement sending devices to a casing string according to the position design, and then putting the casing string into a well and cementing the well;
the device comprises a horizontal well, a monitoring device, a data measuring and receiving device and a data transmitting and receiving device, wherein each section of fracturing of the horizontal well comprises the monitoring device, the number of the data measuring and receiving devices 2 required by each section of fracturing is 1, and the number of the data measuring and transmitting devices 1 required by each section of fracturing is the number of clusters minus 1;
fifthly, performing first-stage fracturing operation;
in the first mode, as shown in fig. 7, a special perforating pipe column is set for perforating, then fracturing construction is carried out, and meanwhile, a first section of bottom hole monitoring device works to carry out bottom hole data measurement;
or according to a second mode, as shown in fig. 8, the initial section of fracturing adopts the design of a delay sliding sleeve 6, and the bottom hole data measurement is carried out from the second section of fracturing;
sixthly, in the process of preparing ground pumping operation (namely the preparation process that a ground cable car is connected with a pumping pipe column string, a ground wellhead is connected with an anti-blowout device, a pumping car pipeline is connected to the wellhead and the like), each data measuring and sending device transmits the data stored in the measuring device 1 to the data measuring and receiving and sending device 2 through electromagnetic waves;
seventhly, assembling a pumping pipe column string according to the diagram shown in fig. 9, sequentially connecting a pumping bridge plug 12, a bridge plug feeder 11, a perforating pipe column 10, a magnetic positioner 9 and a cable 7, connecting a data receiving device 3 in the pumping pipe column string, connecting the data receiving device 3 with the cable 7 through the magnetic positioner 9 and a cable joint 8, after the pumping pipe column is strung to the bottom of the well, establishing wireless connection between the data receiving device 3 and the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2, wherein the bottom of the well fracturing data stored by the data measuring, receiving and sending device 2, including temperature, pressure and flow data of each cluster, are sent to the data receiving device 3, and then sent back to a ground computer processing station 4 through the cable 7, performing inversion of a first section of fracturing construction, judging the uniform extension degree of each cluster of cracks, finding out the deficiency of design, giving a suggestion of next section of fracturing optimization, and modifying the parameters of the next section of fracturing construction in time;
eighthly, carrying out bridge plug setting and perforation operation of the next section, and simultaneously starting the data measuring, receiving and sending devices 2 and the data measuring and sending devices 1 in each cluster in the fracturing of the section;
ninth, performing the fracturing operation of the section, and using an optimized pump injection program;
step ten, repeating the step seven to the step nine, and completing the fracturing operation of each section in sequence;
step ten, open flow and production are carried out after well pressure is constructed, production and profile test is carried out in the production process, the results of the production and profile test are compared with the results of the well bottom test, if the difference is more than 10%, the influence of geological parameters is eliminated, if the difference is more than 10%, one well is selected again for test until the error is less than 10%;
and step ten, analyzing the bottom hole measurement data of each section of the whole well, modifying and perfecting stratum parameters, providing accurate stratum parameters for well fracturing in the same block, improving fracturing effects of other wells and reducing development cost.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned technical solution is only one embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be easily made based on the application method and principle of the present invention disclosed herein, and the method is not limited to the method described in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, so that the above-mentioned embodiment is only preferred and not restrictive.
Claims (10)
1. The bottom hole monitoring device for the staged fracturing clustering parameters of the horizontal well is characterized by comprising a data measurement receiving and sending device and a data measurement sending device which are respectively connected to a casing string, wherein the data measurement receiving and sending device is communicated with the data measurement sending device through electromagnetic waves;
the system also comprises a data receiving device, wherein the data receiving device is in wireless connection with the data measuring, receiving and sending device, and the data receiving device is connected with the ground computing and processing station through a cable.
2. The bottom-hole monitoring device for the horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters according to claim 1, wherein each stage of horizontal well fracturing comprises the data measuring, receiving and sending device and the data measuring and sending device, the number of the data measuring, receiving and sending devices required by each stage of fracturing is 1, and the number of the data measuring and sending devices required by each stage of fracturing is the number of clusters minus 1.
3. The downhole monitoring device for the staged fracturing and clustering parameters of the horizontal well according to claim 2, wherein the data receiving device is connected to a pumping string of a next fracturing pumping bridge plug, and each subsequent fracturing string is connected to the data receiving device from the second fracturing string.
4. A downhole monitoring device for staged fracturing and clustering parameters of horizontal wells according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the data measuring and transmitting device comprises a first upper joint, a first outer cylinder, a first inner assembly, a first inner cylinder and a first lower joint; the first inner cylinder body is positioned in an inner cavity of the first outer cylinder body, two ends of the first outer cylinder body are respectively connected with the first upper joint and the first lower joint through threads, the outer wall of one end of the first inner cylinder body is connected with the inner wall of the first upper joint through threads, and the outer wall of the other end of the first inner cylinder body is connected with the inner wall of the first lower joint through threads; the first internal component is fixed on the first inner cylinder through a screw, and small measuring holes for measuring temperature, pressure and flow are formed in the first inner cylinder.
5. The downhole monitoring device for the staged fracturing and clustering parameters of the horizontal well according to claim 4, wherein the first internal component comprises a storage and transmission module, a power supply module, a circuit board module, a flow testing module, a temperature testing module and a pressure testing module; the temperature testing module, the pressure testing module, the flow testing module, the power supply module and the storage and emission module are all connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the first upper joint, the first outer barrel, the first inner barrel and the first lower joint and are fixed on different parts of the first inner barrel.
6. The downhole monitoring device for the staged fracturing and clustering parameters of the horizontal well according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the data measuring, receiving and sending device comprises a second upper joint, a second outer cylinder, a second internal component, a second inner cylinder and a second lower joint, the second inner cylinder is positioned in an inner cavity of the second outer cylinder, two ends of the second outer cylinder are respectively connected with the second upper joint and the second lower joint through threads, the outer wall of one end of the second inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the second upper joint through threads, and the outer wall of the other end of the second inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the second lower joint through threads; the second internal component is fixed on the second internal cylinder through screws, and small measuring holes for measuring temperature, pressure and flow are formed in the second internal cylinder.
7. The downhole monitoring device for the staged fracturing and clustering parameters of the horizontal well according to claim 6, wherein the second internal component comprises a receiving, storing and transmitting module, a power supply module, a circuit board module, a flow testing module, a temperature testing module and a pressure testing module; the temperature testing module, the pressure testing module, the flow testing module, the power supply module and the receiving, storing and transmitting module are all connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the second upper joint, the second outer cylinder, the second inner cylinder and the second lower joint and are fixed on different parts of the second inner cylinder.
8. The downhole monitoring device for the staged fracturing and clustering parameters of the horizontal well according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the data receiving device comprises a third upper joint, a third outer cylinder, a third inner assembly, a third inner cylinder and a third lower joint, the third inner cylinder is positioned in an inner cavity of the third outer cylinder, two ends of the third outer cylinder are respectively connected with the third upper joint and the third lower joint through threads, an outer wall of one end of the third inner cylinder is connected with an inner wall of the third upper joint through threads, and an outer wall of the other end of the third inner cylinder is connected with an inner wall of the third lower joint through threads; the third internal component is fixed on the third internal cylinder through a screw, a cable connector is arranged on the third internal cylinder, and an antenna hole is arranged on the third external cylinder.
9. The downhole monitoring device for the staged fracturing and clustering parameters of the horizontal well according to claim 8, wherein the third internal component comprises a data receiving and transmitting module, a power supply module and a circuit board module; the data receiving and transmitting module and the power supply module are connected with the circuit board module, are positioned in a space formed by the third upper joint, the third outer cylinder, the third inner cylinder and the third lower joint and are fixed on different parts of the third inner cylinder.
10. A bottom hole monitoring method for horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters is characterized in that the method adopts the bottom hole monitoring device for the horizontal well staged fracturing clustering parameters, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 9, to monitor, and specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, drilling according to a well position design;
secondly, carrying out logging operation on the horizontal well section, and measuring various parameters of the stratum of the horizontal well section, wherein the specific parameters comprise resistivity, gamma, porosity and permeability and are used as a sectional clustering basis of the horizontal well for geological design;
thirdly, performing section and cluster selection design of horizontal well staged fracturing according to well logging and various geological data, and determining numerical values of each fracturing point, wherein the numerical values comprise the total section number of the horizontal well staged fracturing, the cluster number in each fracturing section, the fracturing crack scale of each section, specific construction parameters and a pumping program;
fourthly, connecting the data measurement receiving and sending devices and the data measurement sending devices to the casing string according to the quantity and the positions designed by the fracturing engineering, and then putting the casing string into the well and cementing the well;
the number of the data measuring and transmitting devices required by each section of fracturing of the horizontal well is 1, and the number of the data measuring and transmitting devices required by each section of fracturing is the number of clusters minus 1;
fifthly, performing first-stage fracturing operation;
in the first mode, a special perforating pipe column is arranged for perforating, then fracturing construction is carried out, and meanwhile, a first section of bottom hole monitoring device works to carry out bottom hole data measurement;
or in the second mode, the initial section of fracturing adopts a delayed sliding sleeve design, and the bottom hole data measurement is carried out from the second section of fracturing;
sixthly, in the process of preparing the ground pumping operation, each data measuring and sending device transmits the measured and stored data to a data measuring, receiving and sending device through electromagnetic waves;
seventhly, assembling a pumping pipe column string, sequentially connecting a pumping bridge plug, a bridge plug feeder, a perforation pipe column, a magnetic positioner and a cable, connecting a data receiving device in the pumping pipe column string, connecting the data receiving device with the cable through the magnetic positioner and a cable joint, establishing wireless connection between the data receiving device and a data measuring, receiving and sending device after the pumping pipe column string arrives at the well bottom, transmitting well bottom fracturing data stored by the data measuring, receiving and sending device, including temperature, pressure and flow data of each cluster to the data receiving device, transmitting the data to a ground computer processing station through the cable, carrying out inversion of a first section of fracturing construction, judging the uniform extension degree of each cluster of cracks, finding out the defects of design, giving suggestions on optimization of the next section of fracturing, and modifying the parameters of the next section of fracturing construction in time;
eighthly, carrying out bridge plug setting and perforation operation of the next section, and simultaneously starting a data measuring, receiving and sending device and each cluster of data measuring and sending devices in the fracturing of the section;
ninth, performing the fracturing operation of the section, and using an optimized pump injection program;
and step ten, repeating the step seven to the step nine, and completing the fracturing operation of each section in sequence.
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