CN115449343B - Silicon nitride wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Silicon nitride wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115449343B
CN115449343B CN202211284570.9A CN202211284570A CN115449343B CN 115449343 B CN115449343 B CN 115449343B CN 202211284570 A CN202211284570 A CN 202211284570A CN 115449343 B CN115449343 B CN 115449343B
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silicon nitride
core
femn
glass tube
wave
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CN115449343A (en
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肖亮
朱福林
曾小锋
许滔
钱利洪
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Hengyang Kaixin Special Materials Technology Co ltd
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    • H05K9/0073Shielding materials
    • H05K9/0081Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof. A silicon nitride wave-absorbing material is prepared from FeMn@C 60 The core-shell structure material is compounded with silicon nitride; the FeMn@C 60 The preparation method of the core-shell structure material comprises the following steps: step 1: metal oxide, organic acid, C 60 Filling the saturated solution into a glass tube, discharging air in the glass tube by using nitrogen, and sealing the tube; step 2: placing the glass tube into an oven and heating; step 3: filtering the solid product, washing for 3 times, and drying to obtain FeMn@C 60 A core-shell structural material. FeMn@C 60 The heterogeneous interface between the core and the shell in the core-shell structure material can also generate an interface polarization effect, so that the dielectric loss of the material is increased, the wave absorbing performance of the material is improved, the density of the material is reduced, and the dielectric loss capacity of the material is improved by repeated reflection between the core and the shell.

Description

Silicon nitride wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, electromagnetic pollution has become an increasingly serious problem with the widespread use of electromagnetic waves in people's lives. For example, electromagnetic waves radiated by a mobile phone can affect the normal operation of precision electronic medical instruments; electromagnetic waves can also severely interfere with communications facilities onboard an aircraft; electromagnetic leakage of electronic devices such as computers may cause leakage of important information; in military aspect, development of radar detection technology based on electromagnetic waves will seriously threaten the viability of aircraft, tanks and vessels; moreover, electromagnetic waves are also a long-term hazard to the human body. Therefore, the development of the wave-absorbing material with excellent performance has important significance in both military and civil aspects.
The carbon material belongs to one of dielectric materials, has the advantages of ultralow density, high conductivity, excellent microwave absorption performance, environmental stability and the like, and the single carbon material cannot meet the requirements in the aspects of mechanical property, strength and the like. Silicon nitride not only has high strength, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and good thermal shock resistance and mechanical impact resistance at room temperature and high temperature, but also has low dielectric constant and electromagnetic loss, and the composite use of carbon materials can mutually make up the defects of each other.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof in order to overcome the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material is prepared from FeMn@C 60 The core-shell structure material is compounded with silicon nitride;
the FeMn@C 60 The preparation method of the core-shell structure material comprises the following steps:
step 1: 0.07mol of metal oxide, organic acid, 1L of C 60 Filling the saturated solution into a glass tube, discharging air in the glass tube by using nitrogen, and sealing the tube, wherein the metal oxide consists of FeO and MnO;
step 2: putting the glass tube in the step 1 into an oven, heating to 160-200 ℃, keeping for 48-96h, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/h;
step 3: filtering the solid product in the glass tube and preparing C again 60 Washing the saturated solution with organic solvent for 3 times, and drying to obtain FeMn@C 60 A core-shell structural material.
Specifically, the molar ratio of FeO to MnO is 0.8-1.2:1.
specifically, the organic acid adopts any one of heptafluorobutyric acid, hexafluoroglutaric acid and glutaric acid, and the molar ratio of carboxylic acid functional groups to metal oxides in the organic acid is 0.5-3:1.
Specifically, in the step 1C 60 The organic solvent of the saturated solution is any one of chlorobenzene, toluene and 1-chloronaphthalene.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the silicon nitride wave-absorbing material, which comprises the steps of mixing FeMn@C 60 Core-shell structural material and nitrogenSilicon carbide is ground for 2-3h in a ball mill.
The invention provides a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material, wherein FeMn@C 60 The heterogeneous interface between the core and the shell in the core-shell structure material can generate an interface polarization effect, so that the dielectric loss of the material is increased, the wave absorbing performance of the material is improved, and the density of the material is reduced. Multiple reflections between the core and the shell increase the dielectric loss capability of the material. In addition, feMn@C 60 The core-shell structure material is compounded with the porous silicon nitride to form a more complex porous material, so that the void ratio is further improved, the number of interfaces is increased, and the wave absorbing performance of the material is improved. The complex formed by the iron and manganese metal elements has a certain magnetic consumption effect, and can further improve the wave absorbing performance of the material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the real part of complex permittivity of example 4 of a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material as a function of frequency.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the imaginary part of the complex dielectric constant versus frequency for example 4 of a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the real part of the complex permeability constant of example 4 of a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material as a function of frequency.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the imaginary part of the complex permeability constant of example 4 of a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material as a function of frequency.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the wave absorbing performance of example 4 of a silicon nitride wave absorbing material at different thicknesses of paraffin.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are merely intended to illustrate further features and advantages of the invention, and are not limiting of the claims of the invention.
Example 1
A silicon nitride wave-absorbing material is prepared from FeMn@C 60 A composite material formed by a core-shell structure material and silicon nitride; the preparation method comprises the following steps: feMn@C 60 The core-shell structure material and silicon nitride are ground for 2 hours in a ball mill.
The silicon nitride is a silicon nitride nanowire.
The FeMn@C 60 The preparation method of the core-shell structure material comprises the following steps:
step 1: 0.07mol of metal oxide, heptafluorobutyric acid and 1L of C 60 Filling saturated chlorobenzene solution into a high-temperature-resistant glass tube, discharging air in the glass tube by using nitrogen, and sealing the tube, wherein the metal oxide consists of FeO and MnO;
step 2: putting the glass tube in the step 1 into a baking oven capable of being heated and cooled by a program, heating to 160 ℃, keeping for 96 hours, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/h;
step 3: filtering the solid product in the glass tube, washing 3 times with chlorobenzene, and drying to obtain FeMn@C 60 A core-shell structural material.
The molar ratio of FeO to MnO in step 1 is 0.8:1.
the molar ratio of carboxylic acid functional groups to metal oxide in the heptafluorobutyric acid in step 1 was 0.5:1.
Example 2
A silicon nitride wave-absorbing material is prepared from FeMn@C 60 A composite material formed by a core-shell structure material and silicon nitride; the preparation method comprises the following steps: feMn@C 60 The core-shell structure material and silicon nitride are ground for 2.5 hours in a ball mill.
The silicon nitride is a silicon nitride nanowire.
The FeMn@C 60 The preparation method of the core-shell structure material comprises the following steps:
step 1: 0.07mol of metal oxide, hexafluoroglutaric acid, 1L of C 60 Filling saturated toluene solution into a high-temperature-resistant glass tube, discharging air in the glass tube by using nitrogen, and sealing the tube, wherein the metal oxide consists of FeO and MnO;
step 2: placing the glass tube in the step 1 into a baking oven capable of being heated and cooled by a program, heating to 180 ℃, keeping for 80 hours, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/h;
step 3: filtering the solid product in the glass tube, washing 3 times with toluene, and drying to obtain FeMn@C 60 A core-shell structural material.
The molar ratio of FeO to MnO in the step 1 is 1:1.
the molar ratio of carboxylic acid functional groups to metal oxide in hexafluoroglutaric acid in step 1 is 1:1.
Example 3
A silicon nitride wave-absorbing material is prepared from FeMn@C 60 A composite material formed by a core-shell structure material and silicon nitride; the preparation method comprises the following steps: feMn@C 60 The core-shell structure material and silicon nitride are ground for 2.5 hours in a ball mill.
The silicon nitride is a silicon nitride nanowire.
The FeMn@C 60 The preparation method of the core-shell structure material comprises the following steps:
step 1: 0.07mol of metal oxide, glutaric acid, 1L of C 60 Filling a saturated 1-chloronaphthalene solution into a high-temperature-resistant glass tube, discharging air in the glass tube by using nitrogen, and sealing the tube, wherein the metal oxide consists of FeO and MnO;
step 2: placing the glass tube in the step 1 into a baking oven capable of being heated and cooled by a program, heating to 200 ℃, keeping for 72 hours, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/h;
step 3: filtering the solid product in the glass tube, washing 3 times with 1-chloronaphthalene, and drying to obtain FeMn@C 60 A core-shell structural material.
The molar ratio of FeO to MnO in step 1 is 1.1:1.
the molar ratio of carboxylic acid functional groups to metal oxide in glutaric acid in step 1 was 2:1.
Example 4
A silicon nitride wave-absorbing material is prepared from FeMn@C 60 A composite material formed by a core-shell structure material and silicon nitride; the preparation method comprises the following steps: feMn@C 60 The core-shell structure material and silicon nitride are ground for 3 hours in a ball mill.
The silicon nitride is a silicon nitride nanowire.
The FeMn@C 60 The preparation method of the core-shell structure material comprises the following steps:
step 1: 0.07mol of metal oxide, glutaric acid,C of 1L 60 Filling a saturated 1-chloronaphthalene solution into a high-temperature-resistant glass tube, discharging air in the glass tube by using nitrogen, and sealing the tube, wherein the metal oxide consists of FeO and MnO;
step 2: placing the glass tube in the step 1 into a baking oven capable of being heated and cooled by a program, heating to 200 ℃, keeping for 48 hours, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/h;
step 3: filtering the solid product in the glass tube, washing 3 times with 1-chloronaphthalene, and drying to obtain FeMn@C 60 A core-shell structural material.
The molar ratio of FeO to MnO in step 1 is 1.2:1.
the molar ratio of carboxylic acid functional groups to metal oxide in glutaric acid in step 1 was 3:1.

Claims (4)

1. A silicon nitride wave-absorbing material is characterized by comprising FeMn@C 60 The core-shell structure material is compounded with silicon nitride;
the FeMn@C 60 The preparation method of the core-shell structure material comprises the following steps:
step 1: 0.07mol of metal oxide, organic acid, 1L of C 60 Filling the saturated solution into a glass tube, discharging air in the glass tube by using nitrogen, and sealing the tube, wherein the metal oxide consists of FeO and MnO;
step 2: putting the glass tube in the step 1 into an oven, heating to 160-200 ℃, keeping for 48-96h, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/h;
step 3: filtering the solid product in the glass tube and preparing C again 60 Washing the saturated solution with organic solvent for 3 times, and drying to obtain FeMn@C 60 A core-shell structural material;
the organic acid adopts any one of heptafluorobutyric acid, hexafluoroglutaric acid and glutaric acid, and the molar ratio of carboxylic acid functional groups to metal oxides in the organic acid is 0.5-3:1.
2. The silicon nitride wave absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of FeO to MnO is 0.8-1.2:1.
3. the silicon nitride wave absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein C in step 1 60 The organic solvent of the saturated solution is any one of chlorobenzene, toluene and 1-chloronaphthalene.
4. A method for preparing a silicon nitride wave-absorbing material, which is characterized in that the silicon nitride wave-absorbing material according to any one of claims 1-3 is adopted, and FeMn@C60 core-shell structure material and silicon nitride are ground for 2-3 hours in a ball mill.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105032355A (en) * 2015-08-24 2015-11-11 东华大学 Preparation method for core-shell structure type carbon-coated magnetic nano particles
CN111320165A (en) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-23 山东欧铂新材料有限公司 Graphene oxide/carbonyl iron composite material, preparation method thereof and graphene-based wave-absorbing material
CN111517372A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-08-11 山西医科大学 Fullerene coated Fe3O4Composite nano material and preparation method thereof
CN111970778A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-20 昆明理工大学 Method and device for microwave high-flux sintering of powder block
CN115003142A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-09-02 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Preparation method of carbon-based/metal simple substance/boron nitride core-shell structure microwave absorbing material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105032355A (en) * 2015-08-24 2015-11-11 东华大学 Preparation method for core-shell structure type carbon-coated magnetic nano particles
CN111320165A (en) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-23 山东欧铂新材料有限公司 Graphene oxide/carbonyl iron composite material, preparation method thereof and graphene-based wave-absorbing material
CN111517372A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-08-11 山西医科大学 Fullerene coated Fe3O4Composite nano material and preparation method thereof
CN111970778A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-20 昆明理工大学 Method and device for microwave high-flux sintering of powder block
CN115003142A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-09-02 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Preparation method of carbon-based/metal simple substance/boron nitride core-shell structure microwave absorbing material

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