CN1154491A - Camera shutter and automatic focusing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a camera, including a film drive motor which can drive a two-way moving control element by means of aseries of connected gears. Said moving control element itself is mechanically connected with trigger, trigger releasingdevice, lens focusing device and aperture control device. Said film drive motor also can be used for driving film-moving gear and film-rewinding gear. Under the control of its electronic control system, the rotating direction of film drive motor can be selectively changed, i.e. firstly, the movingcotnrol element is driven forward, and the contact of the shutter can be progressively moved to a fixing position, and after an ideal picture point is selected by lens focusing device and aperture control device, said moving control element can be driven oppositely, the trigger can be progressively released to shoot, then the lens focusing devicd and aperture control device can be restored.

Description

Camera shutter and automatic focusing system

The present invention relates to camera, more specifically to a kind of improved shutter and automatic focusing system of camera.

The used electronic advance system of the camera of prior art structurally links to each other with camera shutter usually, and comprises a storage power in order to open and close the device of camera shutter.

The typical fast door structure that is usually used in the camera of prior art is to use a kind of mechanical hook-up that is known as trigger, and it can move between preparation or fixing and off-position.This removable trigger and film conveying device mechanical connection also are driven by it.After having taken a picture, film conveying device is advancing to lick to make in the journey trigger to move to preparation (fixing) position from the off-position, be compressed in this motion process with the spring of trigger interlock, typically, in this camera, trigger is limited to the fixed position by a device that is mechanically connected to the camera shutter button release, when camera user is pressed the photograph of shutter button release, the motion of shutter button release is by the locking device of mechanical drive to trigger, trigger is discharged, and promoted by the release force of compression spring, the kinetic energy of mobile trigger reaches blade opens it, and after the of short duration exposure, a spring will be connected with blade, make blade return off-position, this shutter and film trasport linked system concerning manufacturer not only simply but also not expensive.

The shortcoming of said apparatus is, open trigger (with shutter button release mechanical connection), and starts mechanical force of photograph process need input.Camera user and producer think all that many desirable functions have only when shutter and may could easily realize when an electric signal is released by importing.These desirable functions have: electronics autotimer, shutter postponed the back at 10 seconds and discharge, and the user can autodyne; The control of electronics long distance, the user can use remote shutter to discharge and control telephotograph.Some other function comprises soft contact shutter button release, promptly a kind of electronic switch, and taking a picture only needs slight power and very short shutter stroke just can realize; Blood-shot eye illness attenuation systems, the blood-shot eye illness attenuation systems of this effective prior art need the light source in a kind of camera is aimed at people's being shot eyes, after predetermined precise time postpones, start shutter and start X-flash then.

In the camera of aforesaid prior art, solenoid or other electro-mechanical device can be used to electrical input signal is become the required mechanical kinetic energy of release shutter trigger, though this device is very famous in the prior art, it has also increased expense unsatisfactory and physical dimension that camera is made.

Also there is the camera of some prior aries to use stepper motor, a kind of solenoid or other electro-mechanical device are directly controlled the switching of shutter, do not need aforesaid and the trigger film conveying device mechanical connection, but the outstanding problem of this shutter structure is expensive more, and above-mentioned mechanical shutter is more expensive more difficult than making.

Also there is the camera of some prior aries to use above-mentioned mechanical shutter and film trasport linked system, but also has the interlock of one or more attachment devices and film trasport, be used for controlling lens bracket when automatic focus, be characterized in, the lens focus position can change by the anglec of rotation of the transformation glass headstock.By changing the rotation of lens angle, camera lens can focus on far and near scenery, and in the camera of this prior art, rotation of lens links with the shutter trigger, when trigger when point of release moves to the fixed position, lens bracket also goes back to the fixed position from the off-position.A desirable focal position can be represented in the fixed position, and second desirable focal position will be represented in the off-position.Electronic system in the camera is mainly used in detection of a target distance and the default focus point that can take best photo.When the shutter trigger was released, the effect of solenoid was to make lens bracket remain on the fixed position to rotate when shutter is opened to prevent electricity, or discharging lens bracket allows it to be in the off-position when camera lens is opened.

In the camera of other prior art, stepper motor, solenoid or other electro-mechanical device can be used to directly camera lens be moved to the ideal focusing point, do not need and film trasport and shutter system mechanical connection again.

In the camera of these two kinds of prior aries, stepper motor, solenoid or other electro-mechanical device have all increased undesirable expense that camera is made.

Use a kind of reinforced camera of the existing camera of mechanical shutter and film trasport linked system to increase attachment device one or more and the advance system interlock, control in order to the aperture board of change exposure degree under different light rays or different film sensitivity condition or moving of aperture blades, characteristics are can change lens aperture by moving the mechanism that is positioned at the camera lens back.This movable device has and desirable lens aperture corresponding to one or more apertures eye or adjustable aperture blade, the aperture of the camera of this prior art and the interlock of shutter trigger.When trigger when the off-position moves to the fixed position, iris apparatus also moves to the fixed position from the off-position, a desirable lens aperture can be represented in the fixed position, second desirable lens aperture will be represented in the off-position, electronic system in the camera will be mainly used to probing light condition and film sensitivity, and the lens aperture of default desirable photography, when the shutter trigger discharges, solenoid is mainly used in and makes lens aperture remain on the fixed position to prevent that it from moving when shutter is opened, perhaps discharge lens aperture mechanism and allow it to be in the off-position when shutter is opened.

In other existing camera, stepper motor, solenoid or other electro-mechanical device can be used for directly changing lens aperture to desirable yardstick, need not and film trasport or shutter system mechanical attachment.

In the camera of these two kinds of prior aries, manufacturing has increased undesirable spending to camera for stepper motor, solenoid or other electro-mechanical device.

Free-revving engine of the present invention is: a kind of camera, shutter and automatic focusing system that has improved is provided; A kind of electronic film conveying device that has improved is provided, to obtain more automat function, discharge multiple automatic exposure setting such as electronically controlled shutter, what need not the additional electron mechanical hook-up is subjected to the film trasport motor-driven, and the multiple automatic focus that can control is selectively set; A kind of advance system is provided, it can be the film trasport motor as an electro-mechanical device, after receiving electronic shutter release input signal, discharge shutter, need not the additional electron mechanical hook-up, a kind of device that has improved is provided, its available same film conveying device carries out electronic selection to one or more focus settings, or one or more apertures are selected, and need not the additional electron mechanical hook-up; A kind of camera, shutter and automatic focusing system that can overcome camera, shutter and the automatic focusing system shortcoming used in the past is provided.

In brief,, provide a kind of camera, comprised driving the film trasport motor that volume rewinds according to the present invention; With the removable control element of film trasport motor linkage, can move shutter key and the interlock of removable control element to a series of continuous positions along predefined paths from primary importance; This control element and lens focus device and iris control apparatus interlock, focal position and aperture are subjected to the control of film trasport motor and removable control element, find a view a little to obtain ideal.

Relevant the present invention and foregoing and advantage thereof can be fully understood the elaborating of illustrated embodiment of the present invention from following.

Fig. 1 is according to the camera front view that has shutter and automatic focusing system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of Fig. 1, demonstration be the shutter and the automatic focusing system part of Fig. 1 camera.

Fig. 3 is the vertical cut-away schematic view of Fig. 1 camera along Fig. 2 3-3 line.

Fig. 4 is the gear string and the moving controling element schematic top plan view of Fig. 1 camera.

Fig. 5 is the shutter device of Fig. 1 camera and the front plan view that removable control element is in reference position.

Fig. 6 is the shutter device of Fig. 1 camera and the plan view from above that removable control element is in reference position.

Fig. 7 is the front plan view of the lens focus control device of Fig. 1 camera.

Fig. 8 is the front plan view of the iris control apparatus of Fig. 1 camera.

Fig. 9 for the combination front plan view, demonstration be shutter device, lens focus control device and the removable control element of Fig. 1 camera.

Figure 10 is the outboard profile of the lens focus control device of displayed map 1 camera.

Figure 11 and Figure 12 are the detail drawing of the far and near focal position of displayed map 1 camera lens focus control device.

Figure 13 is the front plan view of Fig. 1 camera shutter device and moving controling element, has shown the motion trend of fixation procedure.

Figure 14 is the plan view from above of Fig. 1 camera shutter device and moving controling element, has shown the motion trend of fixation procedure.

Figure 15 is the front plan view of Fig. 1 camera shutter device and moving controling element, has shown the situation that is in when being fixed the position.

Figure 16 is the front plan view of Fig. 1 camera shutter device and moving controling element, shown the trend that discharges during the shutter trigger step.

Figure 17 is the front plan view of Fig. 1 camera shutter device and moving controling element, has shown the trend of opening during the shutter step.

Figure 18 is the plan view from above of Fig. 1 camera shutter device and moving controling element, has shown the trend of opening during the shutter step.

Figure 19 is Fig. 1 camera shutter device and the front plan view of moving controling element when end position.

Figure 20 is Fig. 1 camera shutter device and the plan view from above of moving controling element when end position.

Figure 21 is a gear string schematic diagram, has shown the shutter fixation procedure.

Figure 22 is a gear string schematic top plan view, has shown the shutter fixation procedure.

Figure 23 is a gear string schematic top plan view, has shown the shutter trigger process.

Figure 24 is a gear string schematic diagram, has shown film roll film process.

Figure 25 is a gear string schematic top plan view, has shown the process of rewinding of film.

Figure 26 A to 26H is Fig. 1 camera planetary gear set synoptic diagram.

Figure 27 A to 27C is a front schematic view, shown start Fig. 1 camera rewind switch during, cup-shaped gear, gear door bolt and rewind interaction between the switch.

Referring now to accompanying drawing.Initial Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 demonstration is commonly referred to as 20 camera, and camera 20 comprises the casing 22 that has front wall surfaces 24, and camera 20 is minicams, thickness is little, camera lens 26 closes on the front surface 24 of casing 22, and except that below will explaining, camera 20 can be arbitrary desirable conventional structure, it can comprise element arrays 28, as: flashlamp 30, view finder 32, stadimeter 34, be used to alleviate the illuminating lamp 36 of blood-shot eye illness, and natural light photometry inductor 37.

According to the present invention, camera 20 provides shutter device, represent (to see Fig. 3 with 38,5,13,15-17,19), film drive motor 40 is by comprising the series of gears of planetary gear set 44 shown in Fig. 4 and the 26A-26H, be connected with two-way moving controling element or control panel 42, control panel 42 is mechanically connected to shutter trigger 46 and (sees Fig. 5,6 and 14), shutter trigger releasing means 48 (is seen Figure 13,15 and 16), lens focus device 50 (seeing Fig. 7 and 10), iris control apparatus 52 (Fig. 8), film drive motor 40 also drive to advance to roll up gear 54 and rewind gear 56 (sees Fig. 4,22 and 23).

Under the control of electronic control system 58, by the sense of rotation of conversion film trasport motor 40 selectively, and then the trend of conversion control panel 42, control panel 42 is at first driven forwards, in order shutter trigger 46 is moved to and be fixed a little, then, if desired, can be lens focus device 50 and/or the desired capture position of iris control apparatus 52 settings, at this moment control panel 42 is driven in opposite direction, so that discharge shutter trigger 46 set by step on the desired point of lens focus device 50 and aperture controller 52, the laggard volume of taking a picture is in next film and gets phase position.

As shown in Figure 4, motor pinion 40A is connected with spool gear 62 by planetary gear set 44, sheet shaft gear 62 directly links with the roll film dish 64 that takes up, the fork 68 that rewinds that rewinds gear 66 and be attached on the gear 66 also is connected in motor 40 by planetary gear set 44 and wobble gear 70, and wobble gear 70 rewinds the separate or merge of gear 66 and planetary gear set 44 and motor 40 selectively with engagement of gear string or clutch for clutch control.

Shown in Fig. 5,6, blade is on the light path between camera lens 26 and film exposure plane 60 (see figure 3)s, and in order to the control image exposure time, blade 72 rotates around turning axle 73, and promoted by shutter spring 74, rotation props up shutter non-return pin 76 in the counterclockwise direction.Blade 72 has a cushion faces 78, is positioned at turning axle 73 tops.

Shutter trigger 46 rotates around its turning axle on the plane perpendicular to blade 72 surfaces.Shutter trigger 46 is triggered spring 80 extruding to counterclockwise rotating.Shutter trigger 46 has a lever arm, on have and trigger ratchet 82, can contact with the cushion faces 78 of blade 72 and cause blade 72 Unscrews, in addition, also has a locking pawl 84 on the arm, can engage with outstanding locking surface 86 on the fixing shutter cover plate 88, so that shutter trigger 46 remains on fixing (turning clockwise) position, (seeing Figure 13,15-17).Shutter trigger 46, the size of blade 72 and aperture cover plate 88 configures, like this, when the locking pawl 84 of shutter trigger engages with the locking surface 86 of shutter cover plate 88 (Figure 15), surface 78 is hit apart from holding of blade 72 in triggering ratchet 82 present positions of shutter trigger 46 some strokes, when the locking pawl 84 of shutter trigger 46 by on when carrying the locking surface 86 that exceeds shutter cover plate 88, trigger spring 80 and will cause that shutter trigger 46 is towards rotation counterclockwise, cause triggering ratchet 82 and compress cushion faces 78, blade 72 is opened, after (Figure 17) triggering ratchet 82 leaves cushion faces 78, shutter spring 74 will make blade 72 return its off-position, lean against on the shutter non-return pin 76.

Shown in Figure 17 and 9-11, camera lens 26 is fixed in the barrel 90.This has 3 camera lens reference columns 92 radially to protrude in the periphery of tube, first control arm 94 and second control arm 96 also radially protrude in barrel 90, control arm 94 is with 96 when camera lens trigger arm 98 on the control panel 42 contacts, can be clockwise or rotating lens tube 90 counterclockwise.

Barrel 90 is axially located in the centre of camera lens cam ring 100, and this ring has 3 camera lens nonreentrant surfaces 102 at its rear surface (Figure 10), and camera lens cam ring 100 must not rotate on optical axis, and it is axially fixed with respect to film 60.

Barrel 90 can rotate on optical axis, and can vertically move.But the gyration of lens bracket 104 restriction barrels 90.Bias voltage barrel 90, make its along optical axis away from film 60, so that 3 camera lens reference columns 92 are pressed on 3 camera lens nonreentrant surfaces 102 of camera lens cam ring 26 rear surfaces.This has just determined the axial location of camera lens 26 relative films 60.

3 nonreentrant surfaces 102 of camera lens cam ring 100 rear surfaces configure, therefore, rotating barrel 90 can cause and the axial location variation of contact point between 3 reference columns 92 and three nonreentrant surfaces 102 itself caused again that barrel 90 axially moves with camera lens 26 relative films 60.

Make biasing force that 3 reference columns 92 compress 3 nonreentrant surfaces 102 from camera lens metal plate springs 106,108 pairs of reference columns 92 of the spring arm of its 3 flexibilities impose spring bias, and the surface of contact of 108 bias voltage reference columns 92 is convex surfaces.This provides the buffer position of two stable rotation for barrel 90, i.e. two stable axial focusing positions, just focus point far away 110 shown in Figure 11,12 and proximity focused point 112, this be because camera lens reference column 92 can contact spring arm 106 any side of recessed surperficial 108.

As shown in Figure 8, aperture blades 114 is between camera lens 26 and blade 72, can be that axle rotates perpendicular to the aperture blades fulcrum in optical axis one plane 116, aperture blades 114 has an aperture control arm 118, be positioned at the radial position on the fulcrum 116, when control arm 118 touched aperture on the control panel 42 and opens face 120, it rotated counterclockwise aperture blades 114.When it touches the aperture closed 122 of control panel 42, then clockwise rotate aperture blades 114.

When aperture blades 114 forwards to when propping up aperture register pin 124 clockwise, the circular daylight aperture 126 of aperture blades 114 is positioned in the optical axis center (Fig. 8) of camera lens 26, on this position, daylight aperture 126 becomes the effective f-number of camera lens 26, because its diameter is less than the maximum clear aperture of camera lens 26, aperture blades 114 can be rotated counterclockwise, and like this, it just can not got involved in the light path of camera lens 26.When this position, effective f-number is the maximum clear aperture of camera lens 26 reality.

Aperture spring arm 128 is a part of (see figure 9)s of camera lens spring 106.Its extruding aperture blades 114 surface produces a friction force blade 114 is opened at blade 72, is retained in the fixed position in the exposure process, and this friction force is not enough to prevent that the acting force of the spring 130 of aperture blades 114 opposing bias voltage control panels 42 from rotating.

Control panel 42 is defined along the linear direction perpendicular to camera lens 26 optical axises and moves.Gear teeth 42A on control panel 42 planes is connected control panel 42 by the gear 27 of planetary gear set 44 with film trasport motor 40.

Control panel 42 has a fixing nonreentrant surface 132, when control panel 42 advances, it contacts (seeing Figure 14) with roller bearing 134 on the shutter trigger, cause that shutter trigger 46 serves as that axle clockwise rotates to the position that is fixed with its supporting-point, at this moment, the locking pawl 84 of shutter trigger 40 engages with the lock plane 86 of aperture cover plate 88.

Self-cleaning contact 136 is fixed on the two-way control panel 42, can sliding type contact with control PCB138 on being fixed in camera body 140, contact chip 144,146 and 148 in the self-cleaning contact 136 direction of travel arrangement of control upper edge, PCB138 plane, when moving, control panel 42 contacts with contact 136, contact 136 can be found by the electronic control system 58 of camera with any the contact all in contact chip 144 or 146 or 148,3 contact chips are named as sheet 1: 144 respectively, sheet 2: 146, sheet 3: 148, after, when control panel 42 moves forward, sliding contact 136 and respective contact 1,2,3 when contact control panel 42 positions be referred to as: position 150 (136 contact with sheet 1), position 152 (contacting) with sheet 2, position 154 (contacting) with sheet 3.

Control panel 42 comprises camera lens trigger arm 98, when control panel 42 advances enough distances from initial position shown in Figure 7 after, with its striking camera lens control arm 94, cause that barrel 90 rotates counterclockwise to focus point 110 far away (seeing Figure 12), after control panel 2 is oppositely walked enough strokes, camera lens trigger arm 98 causes barrel 90 to clockwise rotate to proximity focused point 112 (seeing Fig. 7,11) striking camera lens control arm 96.

Control panel 42 has two chains of command 120 and 122, location in order to control aperture blades 114, when control panel 42 by initial position shown in Figure 8 when working direction is walked enough strokes, the aperture control arm 118 of aperture blades 114 is opened face 120 contacts by aperture, make aperture blades 114 to rotation counterclockwise, when control panel 42 was oppositely walked to reach stroke, aperture control arm 118 contacted with the aperture closed 122 of control panel 42, makes aperture blades 114 go to position shown in Figure 7 clockwise.

Control panel 42 also has an outstanding shutter to trigger ratchet 156 (seeing Figure 16,18), the likeness in form chock, and be aligned so that in control panel 42 counter motion processes, it is the locking pawl 84 of striking shutter trigger 46, and the lock face 88 of itself and shutter cover plate 88 is broken away from.

The fixation procedure that has shown shutter referring to Fig. 5-6,13-22.When the user presses camera shutter button release 157 (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) when taking pictures, electronic camera control system 58 is rotated counterclockwise film trasport motor 40.

Motor 40 and motor pinion 40A are rotated counterclockwise, and the power that gear late spring 158 constantly applies is from counter clockwise direction bias voltage gear door bolt 160 (seeing Figure 21-23).Because the bias voltage that gear late spring 158 provides, the gear teeth of gear door bolt 160 and 162 engagements of cage gear, locking it can not rotate it, turning clockwise of central gear 164 is transformed into being rotated counterclockwise of cup-shaped gear 194 by 3 planet wheels 166 (its turning axle is fixed on the cage gear 162 by cage 167), and drive controlling plate 42 moves ahead by gear 127.

When control panel 42 moves forward, fixedly convex surface 132 on the control panel 42 contacts with roller bearing 134 on the shutter trigger 46, cause roller bearing around turning axle turn clockwise (seeing Figure 13,14), before control panel 42 arrives contact 1 position 150, locking pawl 84 on shutter trigger 46 flexible arms has shifted out the locking surface 86 of aperture cover plate 88, so that and then move enough far away in the other direction at control panel 42, when causing fixedly convex surface 132 and roller bearing 134 to disengage, shutter trigger 46 is retained on the position of fixing (up time rotation).

Electronic control system 58 allows motor 40 drive controlling plates 42 to contact 2 and contact 3 positions selectively, and stop motor 40 drive controlling plates 42 to surmount contact 3 positions 154, in control panel 42 moves ahead process, wobble gear 70 with rewind gear 66 and break away from, sheet shaft gear 62 blocked cage gears 162 are fixed.Film 60 just can not move forward and backward like this.

When control panel 42 when contact 1 position 150 advances to contact 2 positions 152, the camera lens trigger arm 98 striking barrel control arms 94 of control panel 42 cause barrel 90 to turn to focus point 110 far away from inverse position hour hands shown in Figure 7.Therefore when arriving contact 2 positions 152, camera lens is at focus point 110 far away.

When control panel 42 continues when the position 152 of contact 2 moves ahead contact 3 positions 154, the camera lens trigger arm 98 of control panel 42 slides above barrel control arm 94.Lens bracket 104 can stop barrel 90 to continue rotation.

Move in position 152 interval time of position 154 of contact 3 from contact 2, aperture on the aperture control arm 118 of aperture blades 114 and the control panel 42 is opened face 120 and is contacted, and causes aperture blades 114 to be rotated counterclockwise 90 and leave the light path of camera lens 26 from position shown in Figure 8.

Barrel 90 focus points and aperture blades 114 positions see the following form 1 on each contact position of control panel 42.

Contact 1 contact 2 contacts 3

Position 150 position 152 positions, the 154 barrel proximity focuseds little aperture large aperture of the focusing position of rotation 112 little apertures of position 110 positions, 110 aperture blades far away 114 positions that focus on far away

Before the control panel 42 beginnings stroke forward, 58 pairs of subject distance of the electronic control system of camera 20, scenery light are made judgement.

Scenery range-measuring circuit 168 (see figure 3)s are as the part of electronic control system 58, and being used for surveying the subject distance ratio, to preset critical distance farther or nearer.When scenery exceeds critical distance, will provide optimum efficiency with focus point 110 far away, otherwise then select proximity focused point 112.

Light is measured circuit 170 (see figure 3)s and is higher than still subcritical value with the ambient brightness that decides scenery, when ambient brightness is higher than critical value, avoid over-exposed with little aperture, without X-flash 30, just can obtain the optimum exposure effect, when ambient brightness subcritical value, can obtain optimum exposure with camera 20 built-in type X-flashs 30, ambient brightness subcritical value when taking a picture with flashlamp 30, further estimate X-flash 30 and impinge upon the square inversely proportional of brightness on the scenery and subject distance, when being bordering on critical distance, scenery carries out optimum exposure with little aperture, can obtain optimum efficiency than large aperture when scenery is distal to critical distance, can avoid under-exposed.

The focal position of aperture blades 114 and the barrel 90 combinations best photo of can breaking forth under the different combination of subject distance, brightness, concrete parameter is summarized in the following table 2.Making up the residing position of corresponding control panel 42 contacts with focusing, aperture settings also lists in the table

The regioselective focal position of table 2 scenery light subject distance control panel selects the strong nearly contact 1 144 nearly 112 of aperture little

Contact 2 146 nearly 110 little weak nearly contacts 1 144 nearly 112 far away are little

Contact 3 148 far away 110 far away is big

In control panel 42 advanced process, electronic control system 58 monitored its contact position.When finding desirable contact position, the sense of rotation of motor 40 becomes clockwise direction, and from Fig. 4 and Figure 21-25 gear string schematic diagram as can be seen, this will cause control panel 42 by anti-phase driving.When the anti-phase stroke of control panel 42 beginnings, aperture spring arm 128 and camera lens spring 106 can stop aperture blades 114 and barrel 90 to continue up time or the inverse time rotates.

Figure 23 has shown the gear string principle of work of shutter trigger process.Control panel 42 is during contact 1 position-reversed walking, and shutter triggers ratchet 156 will arrive the position that engages with locking pawl 84 on the shutter trigger 46, makes lock face 86 disengagings of itself and aperture cover plate 88.Shutter trigger 46 is rotated counterclockwise, cause the cushion faces 78 that triggers ratchet 82 collision blades 72, cause blade 72 to be opened, after waiting to trigger ratchet 82 and leaving cushion faces 78, shutter spring 74 makes blade 72 return its off-position, rests on the shutter non-return pin 76.

When control panel 42 is oppositely walked the near end, camera lens trigger arm 98 is with second barrel control arm 96 of percussion, to guarantee that barrel 90 is retained in or is returned to the up time proximity focused and puts 112 places, the aperture closed 133 of control panel 42 also will contact the aperture control arm 118 of aperture blades 114, to guarantee that aperture blades 114 is retained in or is returned to the up time position, lean against on the aperture non-return pin 124.

When control panel 42 oppositely runs to the anticipation end, fixed position non-return rib 174 (seeing Figure 23,25) on the roll film stop surface 172 percussion fuselages 140 on the cup-shaped gear 194, prevent that cup-shaped gear 194 from continuing up time and rotating, gear 194 is when this position of rotation, its tangent plane 176 engages with gear door bolt lock arm 178, allow gear door bolt 160 to be rotated in a clockwise direction, when motor 40 remains in operation, because cup-shaped gear 194 can not rotate, cage gear 162 will be rotated counterclockwise, and force gear door bolt 160 to clockwise rotate with the gear teeth of cage gear 162 and separate.

As shown in figure 24, the schematic diagram that has shown gear string film roll film process.One end of tack-up spool 180 has a sheet shaft gear 62, and it and cage gear 162 link, and tack-up spool 180 rotates counterclockwise with sheet shaft gear 62, makes the film that twists on the spool advance to next image space.

Shown in Figure 25,27A-27C, shown that gear string film rewinds the schematic diagram of process, with show cup-shaped gear 194, gear door bolt 160 and rewind interactional planimetric map between the switch 182, to take off film 60 from camera 20, film on the tack-up spool 180 must be poured on the magazine 192, rewind switch 182 and be used to begin to rewind action.Press and rewind switch 182 and make and rewind cam surface 184 and 186 engagements of gear rod bolt, cause gear door bolt 160 to clockwise rotate, discharge cage gear 162, gear door bolt lock arm 178 engages with the tangent plane 176 of cup type gear 194, is rotated counterclockwise to prevent cup type gear 194.

Be pushed to when rewinding the position when rewinding switch 182, electronic control system 58 is rotated counterclockwise starter motor 40, because gear door bolt lock arm 178 has stoped cup type gear 194 to be rotated counterclockwise, cage gear 162 clockwise rotates, waving gear 70 is pushed, with rewind idling gear 190 engagement, gear 190,192,194,196 make and rewind gear 66 and turn clockwise, rewind rewinding on the gear 66 and pitch 68 direct and magazine interlocks, film 60 is rolled onto on the magazine, sheet shaft gear 62 and tack-up spool 180 rotate in a counter-clockwise direction when the magazine roll film, reviewing from the tack-up spool.

Although with reference to the details of accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, these details should not limit the scope of appended claim book the present invention for required protection.

Claims (7)

1 one kinds of cameras, it comprises:

The camera casing;

Be supported on the camera lens in the described casing, be used in described casing along light path transmitted light image;

Be supported on the shutter in the described casing, be used to stop the switching between the normal position of described light path and the exposure position that described light path separates;

Be used for carrying the film drive motor of film along described camera lens rear portion film channel;

Be used for the described shutter of striking and drive the trigger of shutter from described normal position to described exposure position;

Be used to promote the spring of described trigger to described shutter;

Driving element by described film drive motor promotes is used for described trigger is moved to the fixed position that separates with described shutter;

Be used to make described trigger to be trapped in the lock bolt of fixed position; And

For making film discharge the device of described lock bolt in described light path exposure;

Described camera is characterised in that:

Described driving element comprises the slave unit that can be moved by drive motor, can get back to described initial position during backward from the initial position to the primary importance when advancing;

Described slave unit comprises and is used to first parts that connect described trigger and described trigger is moved to described fixed position during moving to primary importance;

Described door bolt releasing parts comprises second parts on the described slave unit, is used at described slave unit when described primary importance oppositely moves to described initial position, meshes or discharges described lock bolt.

2 cameras according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the flip flop equipment that starts exposure process; Control the control device of the trend of described slave unit, described control device responds described flip flop equipment, starts described driver and does described forward motion.

3 cameras according to claim 2 is characterized in that comprising the exposure control element of installing along described light path that it can move about, and changes to pass the optical image of described light path transmission between the position; Described slave unit moves ahead from described initial position, surpasses primary importance to the second place; Described slave unit is included in the 3rd parts on the described slave unit, is used to engage described exposure control member, and before described slave unit is done described counter motion, changes its position.

4 cameras according to claim 3 is characterized in that described exposure control element comprises a removable lens collar that can change described lens focus.

5 cameras according to claim 3 is characterized in that described exposure control element comprises a packaged type aperture plate that can change described light path aperture size.

6 cameras according to claim 2 is characterized in that comprising a pair of exposure control element of installing along light path, and it moves between the position, passes the optical image of light path transmission with change; Described slave unit can advance from described initial position, crosses described primary importance and arrives the two or three position one by one; Described slave unit comprises the 3rd on slave unit and the 3rd parts, connecting described exposure control element, and described slave unit do described oppositely move before, change their position successively.

7 cameras according to claim 6 is characterized in that described exposure control element comprises the lens collar in order to the change lens focus, and the iris apparatus in order to conversion light path aperture; Described control device comprises that parameter comprises light intensity, subject distance in order to detect the device of optical image parameter; Described control device comprises position detecting device, in order to survey of the appearance of described slave unit, also to comprise response the optical image parameter that is detected limits described forward motion in one of selected first, second, third position control device in described first, second, third position.

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