CN115449156A - Thermoplastic luminous self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cable and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermoplastic luminous self-cooling insulating material for an overhead insulated cable, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: matrix resin, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet-resistant absorbent, a coupling agent, a heat-conducting filler and a thermoluminescent material. The invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the thermoplastic luminous self-cooling insulating material for the overhead insulated cable. The insulating material disclosed by the invention keeps the high-temperature resistance characteristic of polypropylene, solves the problems of poor low-temperature toughness and easiness in aging of the material used as a wire and cable material, has better thermal conductivity and low-temperature rise effect, can be used for insulating an overhead cable, can well transfer the heat of a conductor in a radial direction and can be converted and released through a thermoluminescent material, so that the insulating temperature rise is reduced, the service life of the cable is prolonged, and the current-carrying capacity is higher.

Description

A thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cables and its preparation method law and application

technical field

The invention relates to the field of wire and cable insulating materials, in particular to a thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulating cables, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background technique

Aerial insulated cable is a wire made of single or multiple layers of aluminum strands twisted together with an insulation layer. Compared with bare conductors, overhead insulated cables have an extra layer of insulation on the outside, which can not only shorten the phase distance between overhead insulated cable lines, reduce the occupation of space dimensions, but also play a better role in protecting the conductors, extending the length of the conductors. service life. With the acceleration of the national distribution network line transformation and upgrading, the application of overhead insulated cables is becoming wider and wider, not only passing through streets and alleys, but also erecting in many complex areas, and the requirements for insulation are getting higher and higher. At present, there are two kinds of insulating materials used for overhead insulated cables: first, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulating materials, cables prepared with XLPE need to be cross-linked, not only the cross-linking process itself consumes a lot of energy, the process is relatively complicated, and the efficiency is low; and Although the cross-linked XLPE meets the long-term operating temperature requirements of 90°C, the cross-linked by-products are harmful to the environment. The cross-linked resin is a thermosetting resin, and the cable cannot be recycled after being discarded, causing secondary damage to the environment. Second, the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) insulation material is used, and the long-term service temperature is only 75°C, which limits the temperature of the overhead insulated wires, and the carrying capacity is insufficient, which reduces the efficiency of power transmission. Therefore, the development of a thermoplastic insulation material for overhead insulated cables with high temperature resistance, good weather resistance and environmental friendliness has a good market application prospect.

Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic resin. The melting point of the resin itself is above 150°C, which is about 40%-50% higher than that of polyethylene. It is of great significance to increase the current carrying capacity of the cable. PP has a high breakdown field strength, PP is non-polar and non-hydrophilic, and its insulation performance is less affected by ambient humidity. PP has attracted widespread attention in the field of wire and cable because of its excellent electrical and heat resistance properties, and at the same time meeting the development needs of environmentally friendly and recyclable insulating materials.

PP has the characteristics of high tensile strength, high modulus, but insufficient toughness due to its high molecular structure regularity, high crystallinity, and large grain size. According to the performance requirements of GB/T14049-2008 insulation materials for overhead insulated cables, PP is modified to meet the use requirements through appropriate material formulation combinations.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a thermoplastic luminous self-cooling insulation material for overhead insulated cables, a preparation method and application thereof.

A thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cables, characterized in that, in parts by weight,

Preferably, the matrix resin includes 70-90 parts of polypropylene resin and 10-30 parts of elastomer.

Preferably, the polypropylene resin is selected from one or more of homopolypropylene (PPH) resin, random polypropylene (PPR) or block copolymerized polypropylene (PPB).

Preferably, the melt index (MI) of the polypropylene resin melt is: 2-10g/min (230°C, 2.16kg);

Preferably, the ethylene content of the PPB is 15-30wt%.

Preferably, the elastomer resin is one or more of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) or ethylene-octene copolymer (POE).

Preferably, the antioxidant is one or more of 1010, 168, 300.

Antioxidant 1010 chemical name: tetrakis [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] pentaerythritol ester, white crystalline powder, stable chemical properties, can be widely used in general plastics, Engineering plastics, synthetic rubber, fiber, hot melt adhesive, resin, oil, ink, paint and other industries.

Antioxidant 168 is a phosphite antioxidant with excellent performance. It has strong anti-extraction property, is stable to hydrolysis, and can significantly improve the light stability of products. It can be used in combination with various phenolic antioxidants. For example, Cyanox2777 developed by Cyanamid Company of the United States is a compound of antioxidant 168 and phenolic antioxidant 1790. The combined use of phosphite and phenolic antioxidant can give full play to the synergistic effect. The phosphite in the component is an auxiliary antioxidant and cannot play a long-term stabilizing effect, but after compounding with hindered phenol, it has obtained Good compounding effect, can be used in many kinds of polymers.

Antioxidant 300 is a typical thiobisphenol antioxidant. As the main antioxidant of hindered phenols, because of its special structure, it has the dual functions of free radical terminator and hydroperoxide decomposing agent, suitable for polyolefin, polyester, polystyrene, ABS resin and poly Vinyl chloride, etc.

Preferably, the anti-ultraviolet absorber is two or more of UV-9, UV327, UV-531, and UV-0.

Ultraviolet absorber UV-9 (BP3) is a high-efficiency benzophenone absorber, which can effectively absorb ultraviolet light at 270-340 nanometers, and hardly absorbs visible light. It is suitable for paints and various plastic products. Styrene, polyurethane, acrylic, and light-colored clear furniture are especially effective.

UV absorber UV-327, the Chinese alias is 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole; 2-(2'-hydroxy-3' ,5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole; UV absorber-327; UV absorber 327; 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-(5-chlorobenzene Triazol-2-yl)phenol. Especially suitable for polyethylene and polypropylene, but also for polyoxymethylene, polymethylmethacrylate, polyurethane and many kinds of coatings.

The chemical name of ultraviolet absorber UV-531 is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, which is a high-efficiency anti-aging additive with excellent performance. It can absorb 240-340 nanometer ultraviolet light. Toxicity, good compatibility, low migration, easy processing, etc., it has the greatest protective effect on polymers, and helps to reduce color, while delaying yellowing and retarding the loss of physical properties.

Ultraviolet absorber UV-0, the Chinese alias is 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone; benzophenone-1; 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone; ultraviolet absorber UV-0; 2,4- Dihydroxybenzophenone; BP-1; 2,4 dihydroxybenzophenone; UV-0. It is mainly used as a light stabilizer in plastics, etc., which can effectively protect organic glass and fabrics, prevent materials from deteriorating due to light, and is also used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other ultraviolet absorbers.

Preferably, the coupling agent is a titanate coupling agent.

Titanate coupling agents have good coupling effects in filler systems such as thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics and rubber. Titanate coupling agents can be roughly divided into four types according to their structure: monoalkoxy type, monoalkoxy pyrophosphate type, integration type and ligand type. The general structural formula of monoalkoxy type coupling agent is: RO-Ti(OX-RY) ₃ . The representative variety is isopropyl triisostearyl titanate (TTS), which is suitable for calcium carbonate filler.

Preferably, the thermally conductive filler is SiO ₂ powder with a particle size of 100nm-10um.

Preferably, the thermoluminescent material is one or more of aluminate luminescent powder SrAl ₂ O ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³⁺ or CaAlO ₄ :Eu ²⁺ ,Nd ³⁺ . SrAl ₂ O ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³⁺ is currently the best long-lasting luminescent material in the aluminate system, because of its high luminous intensity, long afterglow time, stable chemical properties, and no pollution. It is widely used in printing industry, paint, ceramics, textile and other fields. CaAlO ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Nd ³⁺ is a new, stable and efficient blue-violet long-lasting luminescent material. This material has the advantages of long afterglow time, high luminous brightness, good chemical stability, no radiation, and non-toxicity. It also presents attractive prospects.

The second aspect of the present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned thermoplastic luminous self-cooling insulation material for overhead insulated cables, including the following steps:

1) Put each component in an airtight mixer according to the proportion and perform high-speed rotary mixing to obtain a mixture;

2) extruding and granulating the mixture obtained in step 1) to obtain an insulating material.

Preferably, in step 1), the rotational speed of the rotation is 400-500 rpm;

Preferably, in step 1), the mixing time is 10-15min.

Preferably, in step 2), the extrusion device is a twin-screw extruder.

Preferably, the aspect ratio L/D of the screw extruder of the twin-screw extruder is 100-150;

Preferably, the temperature distribution of each section of the screw is as follows: first zone, 120±10°C; second zone, 150±10°C; third zone, 195±10°C; fourth zone, 205±10°C; fifth zone, 205±10°C 10°C; Zone 6, 205±10°C; Zone 7, 205±10°C; Zone 8, 205±10°C; Zone 9, 205±10°C; Zone 10, 200±10°C; Zone 11, 200±10°C ℃; machine head, 195±10℃;

Preferably, the rotational speed of the twin-screw extruder is 80-150 rpm.

The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulation material for overhead insulated cables in cables.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

In the present invention, by selecting a suitable combination of matrix resin formulations, a suitable antioxidant, a reasonable anti-ultraviolet absorber ratio, a suitable combination of coupling agent and thermally conductive filler, and a thermoluminescent powder with good visual perception, It is produced by melt blending with a twin-screw extruder with a large aspect ratio. The insulating material of the present invention retains the high-temperature-resistant properties of polypropylene, and solves the problems of poor low-temperature toughness and easy aging as wire and cable materials, and the material has better thermal conductivity and low-temperature rise effect. The insulating material is used for overhead cable insulation Not only can the heat of the conductor be transferred radially, but also the heat can be converted and released through the thermoluminescent material, which reduces the temperature rise of the insulation, prolongs the service life of the cable, and increases the current carrying capacity. The invention develops a thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material suitable for overhead insulated cables. Compared with XLPE, it not only has excellent mechanical properties and electrical properties, but the material does not need to be cross-linked and can meet the long-term working temperature of 90°C or even higher. requirements, and easy to process, after the cable hangs on the net, it emits light automatically due to the thermoluminescent effect, giving the area a different visual perception at night. After the cable’s service life ends, it is easy to recycle and reuse, which reduces the environmental pressure.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It should be noted that the process equipment or devices not specifically indicated in the following examples all adopt conventional equipment or devices in the art.

Example 1:

Step 1): 100 parts of homopolypropylene (PPH) and EPDM (EPDM) mixture (PPH/EPDM=70/30), 0.4 parts of antioxidant (1010/168=3/1) Mixture, 0.4 parts of anti-ultraviolet absorber (UV-531/UV-0=1/1), 0.8 parts of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of thermally conductive filler SiO ₂ powder, 1.0 part of thermoluminescence powder SrAl ₂ O ₄ : Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³ were placed in an airtight mixer for uniform mixing, the rotating speed was 450 rpm, and the mixing time was 15 minutes.

Step 2): The above mixture is automatically sent to a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and extrusion, and then cooled and granulated. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: zone 1, 120°C; zone 2, 150°C; zone 3, 195°C; zone 4 zone, 200°C; zone five, 205°C; zone six, 205°C; zone seven, 205°C; zone eight, 205°C; zone nine, 205°C; zone ten, 200°C; zone eleven, 200°C; , 195°C, host speed 100 rpm.

Example 2:

Step 1): 100 parts of homopolypropylene (PPH) and ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) mixture (PPH/POE=70/30), 0.4 parts of antioxidant (1010/168=3/1 ) mixture, 0.4 parts of anti-ultraviolet absorber (UV-531/UV-0=1/1), 0.8 parts of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of thermally conductive filler SiO ₂ powder, 1.0 part of thermoluminescence powder SrAl ₂ O ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³ were uniformly mixed in an airtight mixer at a speed of 450 rpm, and the mixing time was 15 minutes.

Step 2): The above mixture is automatically sent to the twin-screw extruder for melting, blending, extruding and cooling to granulate. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: zone 1, 120°C; zone 2, 150°C; zone 3, 195 ℃; Zone 4, 200℃; Zone 5, 205℃; Zone 6, 205℃; Zone 7, 205℃; Zone 8, 205℃; Zone 9, 205℃; Zone 10, 200℃; Zone 11, 200℃ ; Machine head, 195°C, host speed 100 rpm.

Example 3:

Step 1): 100 parts of block polypropylene (PPB) and ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) mixture (PPB/POE=80/20), 0.4 parts of antioxidant (168/300=1/1 ) mixture, 0.4 parts of anti-ultraviolet absorber (UV-531/UV-0=1/1), 0.8 parts of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of thermally conductive filler _SiO2 powder, 1.0 part of thermoluminescence powder _{SrAl2O 4} : Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³ were placed in an airtight mixer for uniform mixing, the rotation speed was 450 rpm, and the mixing time was 15 minutes.

Step 2): The above mixture is automatically sent to the twin-screw extruder for melting, blending, extruding and cooling to granulate. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: zone 1, 120°C; zone 2, 150°C; zone 3, 195 ℃; Zone 4, 200℃; Zone 5, 205℃; Zone 6, 205℃; Zone 7, 205℃; Zone 8, 205℃; Zone 9, 205℃; Zone 10, 200℃; Zone 11, 200℃ ; Machine head, 195°C, host speed 100 rpm.

Example 4:

Step 1): 100 parts of homopolypropylene (PPH), random polypropylene (PPR) and ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) mixture (PPH/PPR/POE=60/24/16), 0.4 parts Antioxidant 1010/300 mixture, 0.4 parts of anti-ultraviolet absorber (UV-531/UV-0=1/1), 0.8 parts of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of thermal conductive filler SiO ₂ powder, 1.0 parts of thermal The luminescence-emitting powder SrAl ₂ O ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³ was placed in an airtight mixer for uniform mixing at a speed of 450 rpm and a mixing time of 15 minutes.

Step 2): The above mixture is automatically sent to the twin-screw extruder for melting, blending, extruding and cooling to granulate. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: zone 1, 120°C; zone 2, 150°C; zone 3, 195 ℃; Zone 4, 200℃; Zone 5, 205℃; Zone 6, 205℃; Zone 7, 205℃; Zone 8, 205℃; Zone 9, 205℃; Zone 10, 200℃; Zone 11, 200℃ ; Machine head, 195°C, host speed 100 rpm.

Example 5:

Step 1): 100 parts of homopolypropylene (PPH), block polypropylene (PPB) and ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) mixture (PPH/PPB/POE=60/20/20), 0.5 parts Antioxidant 1010/168/300 mixture, 0.5 parts of anti-ultraviolet absorber (UV9/UV-531/UV-0=2/2/1), 0.8 parts of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of thermally conductive filler _SiO2 powder Body, 1.0 parts of thermoluminescent powder SrAl ₂ O ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³ were placed in a closed mixer for uniform mixing at a speed of 450 rpm and a mixing time of 15 minutes.

Step 2): The above mixture is automatically sent to the twin-screw extruder for melting, blending, extruding and cooling to granulate. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: zone 1, 120°C; zone 2, 150°C; zone 3, 195 ℃; Zone 4, 200℃; Zone 5, 205℃; Zone 6, 205℃; Zone 7, 205℃; Zone 8, 205℃; Zone 9, 205℃; Zone 10, 200℃; Zone 11, 200℃ ; Machine head, 195°C, host speed 100 rpm.

Embodiment 6:

Step 1): 100 parts of block polypropylene (PPB), random polypropylene (PPR) and ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) mixture (PPB/PPR/POE=70/20/10), 0.4 parts Antioxidant 1010/168/300 mixture, 0.6 parts of anti-ultraviolet absorber (UV9/UV-531/UV-0=1/1/1), 0.8 parts of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of thermally conductive filler _SiO2 powder Body, 1.0 parts of thermoluminescent powder SrAl ₂ O ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³ were placed in a closed mixer for uniform mixing at a speed of 450 rpm and a mixing time of 15 minutes.

Step 2): The above mixture is automatically sent to the twin-screw extruder for melting, blending, extruding and cooling to granulate. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: zone 1, 120°C; zone 2, 150°C; zone 3, 195 ℃; Zone 4, 200℃; Zone 5, 205℃; Zone 6, 205℃; Zone 7, 205℃; Zone 8, 205℃; Zone 9, 205℃; Zone 10, 200℃; Zone 11, 200℃ ; Machine head, 195°C, host speed 100 rpm.

Result analysis:

The properties of the insulating materials prepared in Examples 4, 5, and 6 are listed in Table 1. It can be seen that the obtained thermoplastic insulating material has excellent mechanical properties, good low-temperature toughness, excellent electrical properties, and excellent weather resistance, which meets the requirements for the use of insulating materials for 10kV overhead insulated cables.

Table 1 Properties of thermoplastic insulating materials

The thermal conductivity test result of the insulating material prepared in Example 5 is: 0.67W/m·K, which is 158% higher than 0.26W/m·K of PP.

The insulating material prepared in Example 5 was placed in an oven at 90°C for 2 hours, and placed in a dark room. The material absorbs heat and emits light due to the luminescent material. The heat of the overhead insulated cable prepared with this material is converted into fluorescence during operation and released, which can make the conductor temperature effective. transmission, which slows down the temperature rise of the cable insulation and has the characteristics of prolonging the service life of the cable.

The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cables, characterized in that, in parts by weight, it comprises the following components:

2. The thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulation material for overhead insulated cables according to claim 1, wherein the matrix resin comprises 70-90 parts of polypropylene resin and 10-30 parts of elastomer resin. 3. The thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulation material for overhead insulated cables according to claim 2, wherein the polypropylene resin is selected from homopolypropylene (PPH) resin, atactic polypropylene (PPR) or embedded One or more of segment copolymerized polypropylene (PPB); and/or, the elastomeric resin is ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) or ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) one or more of. 4. The thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulation material for overhead insulated cables according to claim 3, characterized in that it includes one or more of the following technical features: 1) The melt index (MI) of the polypropylene resin is: 2-10g/min (230°C, 2.16kg); 2) The ethylene content of the PPB is 15-30wt%. 5. The thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cables according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes one or more of the following technical features: 1) The antioxidant is one or more of 1010, 168, 300; 1) The anti-ultraviolet absorber is one or more of UV-9, UV327, UV-531, and UV-0; 3) The coupling agent is a titanate coupling agent; 4) The thermally conductive filler is SiO2 powder with a particle size of 100nm-10um. 6. The thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, the thermoluminescent luminescent material is aluminate luminescent powder SrAl ₂ O ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Dy ³⁺ Or one or more of CaAlO ₄ :Eu ²⁺ , Nd ³⁺ . 7. The method for preparing a thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cables according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) Put each component in an airtight mixer according to the proportion and perform high-speed rotary mixing to obtain a mixture; 2) extruding and granulating the mixture obtained in step 1) to obtain an insulating material. 8. The preparation method of thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cables according to claim 7, characterized in that it includes one or more of the following technical features: 1) In step 1), the rotational speed of the rotation is 400-500 rpm; 2) In step 1), the mixing time is 10-15min; 3) In step 2), the extrusion device is a twin-screw extruder. 9. The preparation method of thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulating material for overhead insulated cables according to claim 8, characterized in that it includes one or more of the following technical features: 1) The length-to-diameter ratio L/D of the screw extruder of the twin-screw extruder is 100 to 150; 2) The temperature distribution of each section of the screw is as follows: first zone, 120±10°C; second zone, 150±10°C; third zone, 195±10°C; fourth zone, 205±10°C; fifth zone, 205±10°C ℃; Zone 6, 205±10℃; Zone 7, 205±10℃; Zone 8, 205±10℃; Zone 9, 205±10℃; Zone 10, 200±10℃; Zone 11, 200±10℃ ;Machine head, 195±10℃; 3) The rotational speed of the twin-screw extruder screw extruder is 80-150 rpm. 10. Use of the thermoplastic luminescent self-cooling insulation material for overhead insulated cables according to any one of claims 1-6 in cables.