CN115448839A - Tryprostinil prodrug - Google Patents
Tryprostinil prodrug Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115448839A CN115448839A CN202211256919.8A CN202211256919A CN115448839A CN 115448839 A CN115448839 A CN 115448839A CN 202211256919 A CN202211256919 A CN 202211256919A CN 115448839 A CN115448839 A CN 115448839A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- treprostinil
- prodrug
- branched
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- stereoisomer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
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- 229960005032 treprostinil Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000006651 (C3-C20) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- C07C69/67—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
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Abstract
The invention provides a treprostinil prodrug shown in a formula I and a pharmaceutical composition thereof,
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to a treprostinil prodrug, a pharmaceutical composition and application thereof.
Background
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a hemodynamic and pathophysiological state in which pulmonary arterial pressure rises above a certain threshold, which can cause right heart failure and serious complications, ultimately leading to death. In recent years, based on the study of the molecular pathological treatment of PAH, there are 3 targeted therapeutic pathways, namely, the nitric oxide pathway, the prostacyclin pathway, and the endothelin pathway. Prostacyclin and prostacyclin analogues are targeted drugs which are developed in early stage and used for clinical treatment of PAH, and 4 kinds of epoprostenol, treprostinil, iloprost and beraprost sodium are clinically used, wherein the treprostinil has long half-life period, stable drug structure and convenient use, and is widely applied as first-line treatment and rescue drugs.
Treprostinil is a stable exogenous tricyclic prostacyclin analogue of formula C 23 H 34 O 5 The relative molecular mass was 390.52. Treprostinil's treatment of PAH is mainly based on several mechanisms: (1) Can effectively simulate endogenous prostacyclin, combine with receptors thereof, improve the concentration of cAMP in cytoplasm, and resist the vasoconstriction effect caused by TAX2 increase; (2) Through combination with IP receptor, the compound acts on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor to inhibit cell proliferation; (3) Improving right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy by reducing the level of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) -related apoptosis-inducing ligand in plasma; (4) The proliferation quantity of endothelial colony forming cells is effectively improved through the vascular endothelial growth factor-A secreted by the mesenchymal stem cells, and the endothelial function is protected; (5) Can regulate inflammatory factors and chemotactic factors secreted by macrophages, monocytes and T lymphocytes in various lung tissues so as to achieve the aim of resisting inflammation.
Treprostinil is the only prostacyclin medicament clinically used for treating PAH at present, can be administrated by a plurality of ways of subcutaneous/intravenous administration, oral administration and inhalation, has stable structure and longer action time than prostacyclin, has quick response after being administrated by the subcutaneous/intravenous route, and can play a biological role within minutes. In clinical studies of PAH, subcutaneous, intravenous and inhalation administration showed good efficacy and safety. Among them, subcutaneous and intravenous preparations (treprostinil for injection, trade name: remodulin) and inhalation solution (trade name: tyvaso) sustained-release tablets (trade name: orenitiram) and injection solutions (trade name: remodulin) were approved by the FDA for marketing in 2002, 2009, 2013, 2018, respectively.
Because long-term administration is needed, injection and inhalation administration are very inconvenient, oral administration is the best administration route, however, oral administration has poor efficacy, systemic toxic and side effects and needs to be taken for a plurality of times a day, so sustained-release tablets have been developed and marketed for clinical use, but due to the defects of compounds, the clinical use of the oral preparation is always poor at present, mainly inhalation preparations are taken as the main part, for example, the summary report of the latest international multi-center clinical test of inhaling treprostinil for treating pulmonary hypertension is published in the new england medical journal of 2021. To improve patient compliance and reduce toxic side effects of systemic administration, insped modified treprostinil as palmitic acid (treprostinil palmitil) as a long-acting release prodrug inhalant (patents US09255064 and US 09469600) for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary interstitial disease associated pulmonary hypertension and idiopathic fibrosis, which is currently in phase II clinical trials.
In view of the above, it is important to search for a suitable prodrug or dosage form to further improve the in vivo metabolism of treprostinil and to reduce the dose and frequency of administration.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a treprostinil prodrug, which improves the in vivo metabolism of treprostinil, reduces the dosage and the administration frequency of administration and improves the effectiveness and the safety of the medicament.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a prodrug of treprostinil of formula I:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof;
wherein R is 1 Is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, aryl or aryloxy;
R 2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl;
n is an integer of 0 to 6.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above-mentioned treprostinil prodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof.
In still another aspect, the present invention provides a prodrug of the above treprostinil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer or the above pharmaceutical composition for use as a prostacyclin analogue.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a use of the treprostinil prodrug, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt, the stereoisomer, or the pharmaceutical composition thereof in preparing a medicament for treating pulmonary hypertension.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the treprostinil prodrug provided by the invention has excellent oral administration potential and better peak reaching time and half-life period, improves the disadvantage of in vivo metabolism of treprostinil, reduces the administration dosage and administration frequency, and improves the effectiveness and safety of the medicament.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the results of in vivo experiments in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension rats in Experimental example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a prodrug of treprostinil of formula I:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof;
wherein R is 1 Is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, aryl or aryloxy;
R 2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl;
n is an integer from 0 to 6, for example n is 0,1,2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
In some embodiments of the invention, R 1 Is hydrogen, C1-20 alkyl, C3-20 cycloalkyl, C2-20 alkenyl, C1-20 alkoxy, C6-20 aryl or C6-20 aryloxy;
R 2 is a linear or branched C2-20 alkyl group, a C3-20 cycloalkyl group or a linear or branched C2-20 alkenyl group.
In some embodiments of the invention, R 1 Is hydrogen, C1-10 alkyl, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C2-10 alkenyl; r 2 Is a linear or branched C3-20 alkyl group or C3-20 alkenyl group.
In some embodiments of the invention, R 1 Is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl; r 2 Is a linear or branched C11-18 alkyl group.
In some embodiments of the invention, R 1 Is hydrogen, methyl or isopropyl; r 2 Is undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl or octadecyl; n is 0,1,2 or 3.
In some embodiments of the invention, compound I is any one of the following structures:
in another aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above-mentioned treprostinil prodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
The pharmaceutical excipients can be those widely used in the field of pharmaceutical production. The excipients are primarily used to provide a safe, stable and functional pharmaceutical composition and may also provide methods for dissolving the active ingredient at a desired rate or for promoting effective absorption of the active ingredient after administration of the composition by a subject. The pharmaceutical excipients may be inert fillers or provide a function such as stabilizing the overall pH of the composition or preventing degradation of the active ingredients of the composition. The pharmaceutical excipients may include one or more of the following excipients: binders, suspending agents, emulsifiers, diluents, fillers, granulating agents, gluing agents, disintegrating agents, lubricants, antiadherents, glidants, wetting agents, gelling agents, absorption delaying agents, dissolution inhibitors, reinforcing agents, adsorbents, buffering agents, chelating agents, preservatives, colorants, flavoring agents and sweeteners.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is generally formulated in a dosage form suitable for oral, injectable, or inhaled administration to a patient.
In some embodiments of the invention, the dosage form is an oral dosage form, such as a tablet, capsule, caplet, pill, troche, powder, syrup, elixir, suspension, solution, emulsion, granule, cachet, and the like.
The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be prepared according to the disclosure using any method known to those skilled in the art. For example, conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, emulsifying, levigating, encapsulating, entrapping or lyophilizing processes.
In still another aspect, the present invention provides a use of the above treprostinil prodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer or the above pharmaceutical composition as a prostacyclin analog.
In another aspect, the present invention provides an application of the treprostinil prodrug, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt, the stereoisomer, or the pharmaceutical composition thereof in preparing a medicament for treating cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and the like, especially in preparing a medicament for treating pulmonary hypertension, chronic arterial occlusive diseases, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and the like.
Definitions and general terms
The term "alkyl" or "alkyl group" as used herein denotes a saturated straight or branched chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Wherein the alkyl groups may independently be optionally substituted with one or more substituents. Examples of alkyl or alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-1-butyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, n-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-2-pentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-3-pentyl, 2, 3-dimethyl-2-butyl, 3-dimethyl-2-butyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, and the like.
The term "alkenyl" denotes a straight or branched chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical wherein at least one position is unsaturated, i.e. one C-C is sp 2 A double bond. Specific examples of alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, vinyl, allyl, and the like. Wherein the alkenyl groups may independently be optionally substituted with one or more substituents described herein, including configurations wherein the group has "cis", "trans", "E", or "Z".
The term "alkoxy" means an alkyl group attached to the rest of the molecule through an oxygen atom, wherein the alkyl group has the meaning as described herein. Examples of alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, 1-propoxy, 2-propoxy, 1-butoxy, 2-methyl-l-propoxy, 2-butoxy, 2-methyl-2-propoxy, 1-pentoxy, 2-pentoxy, 3-pentoxy, 2-methyl-2-butoxy, 3-methyl-l-butoxy, 2-methyl-l-butoxy and the like.
The term "aryl" denotes a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic carbocyclic ring system containing 6 to 20 membered rings, wherein at least one ring system is aromatic, wherein each ring system comprises 3 to 7 membered rings and only one attachment point is attached to the rest of the molecule. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, and anthracene, among others.
The term "cycloalkyl" denotes a C3-C20 cycloaliphatic ring structure; examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, and the like.
The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" refers to both organic and inorganic salts of the compounds of the present invention. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known in the art, as are: berge et al, descriptive fibrous salts in detail in J. Pharmacol Sci,1977,66, 1-19. Pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic acid salts include, but are not limited to, inorganic acid salts formed by reaction with amino groups, such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, phosphate, sulfate, perchlorate, and the like; and organic acid salts such as acetate, oxalate, maleate, tartrate, citrate, succinate, malonate, etc., or obtained by other methods described in the literature, such as ion exchange. Other pharmaceutically acceptable salts include adipates, alginates, ascorbates, aspartates, benzenesulfonates, benzoates, bisulfates, borates, butyrates, camphorates, camphorsulfonates, cyclopentylpropionates, digluconates, dodecylsulfates, ethanesulfonates, formates, fumarates, glucoheptonates, glycerophosphates, gluconates, hemisulfates, heptanoates, hexanoates, hydroiodides, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonates, lactobionates, lactates, laurates, lauryl sulfates, malates, malonates, methanesulfonates, 2-naphthalenesulfonates, nicotinates, nitrates, oleates, palmitates, pamoates, pectinates, persulfates, 3-phenylpropionates, picrates, pivalates, propionates, stearates, thiocyanates, p-toluenesulfonates, undecanoates, valerates, and the like. Salts obtained with suitable bases include alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium salts. Alkali or alkaline earth metal salts include sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the like. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts further include suitable, non-toxic ammonium, quaternary ammonium salts and amine cations resistant to formation of counterions, such as halides, hydroxides, carboxylates, sulfates, phosphates, nitrates, C1-8 sulfonates and aromatic sulfonates.
The term "stereoisomers" refers to compounds having the same chemical structure, but differing in the arrangement of atoms or groups in space. Stereoisomers include enantiomers, diastereomers, conformers (rotamers), geometric isomers, (cis/trans) isomers, atropisomers, and the like. "enantiomer" refers to two isomers of a compound that are not overlapping but are in mirror image relationship to each other. "diastereomer" refers to a stereoisomer having two or more chiral centers and whose molecules are not mirror images of each other. Diastereomers have different physical properties, such as melting points, boiling points, spectral properties, and reactivities. Mixtures of diastereomers may be separated by high resolution analytical procedures such as electrophoresis and chromatography, e.g., HPLC.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the starting materials of the present invention are all common commercial products unless otherwise specified.
Synthesis method
Treprostinil (10 mg/mL) and the corresponding alkoxide (50 mg/mL) were dissolved in 1, 4-dioxane, the reaction was catalyzed with NKC-9 strong acid resin, stirred overnight at 40 ℃, TLC monitored for completion, and purified by HPLC to give the product.
The following are specific example compound structures and NMR data:
test example 1 pharmacokinetic experiment of the Compound
(I) laboratory instruments and materials
High-speed refrigerated centrifuge, vortex oscillator (Vortex Genius 3), high-speed centrifuge (Eppendorf 5415D), disposable syringe, pipette gun (Eppendorf), SD male rat used for experiments were purchased from Yangzhou university EDTA-K2 vacuum blood collection tube, normal saline. All oral groups of rats were fasted for 12h before dosing, had free access to water, and had free access to water and food during dosing.
(II) Experimental procedure
The compounds of the examples of the invention were dissolved in DMSO/solutol/water (10/10/80) to make a clear solution, and the dose of the compound administered by intragastric administration was 25mg/kg, and the dose of the compound administered by tail vein administration was 5mg/kg. After the administration of the drug in the tail vein, 2min,10min,30min,1h,2h,3h,5h,8h,12h, 116h and 24h, 0.5mL of blood is continuously taken from the fundus venous plexus to a heparin tube, and after the administration of the drug in the stomach, 5min,15min,30min,1h,2h,3h,5h,8h,12h, 1169h and 24h, 0.5mL of heparin tube is continuously taken from the fundus venous plexus. After centrifuging the sample at 8000r at 4 ℃ for 10min, 0.15mL of upper plasma was collected and stored at-20 ℃ before LC-MS/MS analysis. The data were analyzed by WinNolin non-compartmental model to obtain key pharmacokinetic parameters.
(III) results of the experiment
Pharmacokinetic parameters of the Compounds of Table 1
From the test results, the compound of the invention obviously prolongs the peak reaching time and the half-life period, and has excellent long-acting administration potential and good oral administration potential compared with the peak reaching time (0.5 h) and the half-life period (1 h) of treprostinil.
Test example 2 hypoxic pulmonary hypertension rat in vivo test
(I) laboratory instruments and materials
HX-200 animal respirator, SD male rats used in the experiment were purchased from Yangzhou university, physiological saline. All control groups were kept under normal conditions, and both the intervention group and the model group were kept in a hypoxic chamber at low pressure (50 kPa, 10% oxygen concentration).
(II) Experimental procedure
(III) results of the experiment
Referring to FIG. 1, the mPAP of the model rats was significantly increased compared to the control group, and the mPAP of the intervention group administered with Compound 8 was decreased compared to the model group.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make simple modifications or equivalent substitutions on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A prodrug of treprostinil of the following formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof:
wherein,
R 1 is hydrogen, linear or branched C1-20 alkyl, C3-20 cycloalkyl, linear or branched C2-20 alkenyl, linear or branched C1-20 alkoxy, C6-20 aryl or C6-20 aryloxy;
R 2 is a linear or branched C2-20 alkyl group, a C3-20 cycloalkyl group or a linear or branched C2-20 alkenyl group;
n is an integer of 0 to 6.
2. The treprostinil prodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof according to claim 1,
R 1 is hydrogen, linear or branched C1-10 alkyl, C3-10 cycloalkyl or linear or branched C2-10 alkenyl; r is 2 Is a linear or branched C3-20 alkyl group or C3-20 alkenyl group.
3. The treprostinil prodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof according to claim 1,
R 1 is hydrogen or straight or branched C1-4 alkyl; r is 2 Is a linear or branched C11-18 alkyl group.
4. The treprostinil prodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof according to claim 1,
R 1 is hydrogen, methyl or isopropyl; r 2 Is undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl or octadecyl; n is 0,1,2 or 3.
5. The prodrug of Treprostinil or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof according to claim 1,
formula I is selected from any one of the following structures:
6. a pharmaceutical composition comprising a prodrug of treprostinil according to any of claims 1 to 5 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant.
7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is in a dosage form for oral administration, injection administration, or inhalation administration.
8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, wherein: the pharmaceutical composition is in a form for oral administration, which includes tablets, capsules, caplets, pills, troches, powders, syrups, elixirs, suspensions, solutions, emulsions, granules or cachets.
9. Use of a prodrug of treprostinil according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof or a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 6 to 7 as a prostacyclin analogue.
10. Use of a prodrug of treprostinil according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer thereof or a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 6 to 7 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, chronic arterial occlusive disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103874480A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2014-06-18 | 阿森迪斯药物股份有限公司 | Sustained release composition of prostacyclin |
| WO2014110491A1 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Theratrophix Llc | Prodrugs of treprostinil |
| WO2016010538A1 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-21 | Corsair Pharma, Inc. | Treprostinil derivative compounds and methods of using same |
| CN105848479A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2016-08-10 | 英斯梅德股份有限公司 | Prostacyclin compounds, compositions and methods of use thereof |
| CN108349926A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2018-07-31 | 康赛制药公司 | Treprostinil derivative and combinations thereof and purposes |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103874480A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2014-06-18 | 阿森迪斯药物股份有限公司 | Sustained release composition of prostacyclin |
| WO2014110491A1 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Theratrophix Llc | Prodrugs of treprostinil |
| CN105848479A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2016-08-10 | 英斯梅德股份有限公司 | Prostacyclin compounds, compositions and methods of use thereof |
| WO2016010538A1 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-21 | Corsair Pharma, Inc. | Treprostinil derivative compounds and methods of using same |
| CN108349926A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2018-07-31 | 康赛制药公司 | Treprostinil derivative and combinations thereof and purposes |
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