CN115448472A - Nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid high-temperature high-pressure optimal online adding process - Google Patents
Nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid high-temperature high-pressure optimal online adding process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115448472A CN115448472A CN202210984126.1A CN202210984126A CN115448472A CN 115448472 A CN115448472 A CN 115448472A CN 202210984126 A CN202210984126 A CN 202210984126A CN 115448472 A CN115448472 A CN 115448472A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of nuclear energy scale inhibition, in particular to a high-temperature high-pressure optimal online addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid. The method comprises the following steps: step 1: the impurity and component requirements of polyacrylic acid meet the nuclear grade requirements of a secondary loop system of a nuclear power plant on the additive; step 2: adjusting the pH value of a polyacrylic acid dosing tank according to the pH condition of the secondary loop; and step 3: determining the adding point of polyacrylic acid; and 4, step 4: and determining the dosage of polyacrylic acid. Has the advantages that: (1) The method has the advantages that the requirements of components such as impurities of the nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid added in the secondary loop high-temperature and high-pressure system of the nuclear power plant in the optimal online adding process are definitely met, and the operability is better achieved; (2) The method has the advantages that the requirement that when the nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid is added into the secondary loop system in the optimal online addition process, the adjustment of an alkalizer is required is determined, and in the process, the relevant pH control requirement is specifically formulated, so that the control of the secondary loop water chemistry index is facilitated, and the safety is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear energy scale inhibition, in particular to a high-temperature high-pressure optimal online addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid.
Background
Polyacrylic acid (PAA) has a dispersing effect on amorphous substances such as nuclear power secondary circuit corrosion products and the like, a carboxylic acid functional group is partially ionized in an aqueous solution, so that the polyacrylic acid (PAA) has conductivity, and a carboxylate radical of the polyacrylic acid has a chelating effect on metal ions such as iron, calcium, magnesium and the like to prevent scaling. The method has advantages in promoting pollution discharge of a Steam Generator (SG) of a nuclear power unit, relieving surface scaling of an SG heat transfer pipe and improving heat efficiency of the unit, and polyacrylic acid is added and applied as one of important strategies for two-loop water chemistry optimization in the field of international nuclear industry to be popularized and applied.
Different from the conventional nuclear power secondary circuit additive, the PAA is a high molecular polymer, has certain stability at high temperature and high pressure, and also has certain half-life period. In order to ensure the safe and reliable use of PAA in domestic nuclear power units, it is necessary to develop a PAA dispersant addition effect verification test according to the actual operating service environment of various power plants, to explore a reasonable addition process, to evaluate the addition effect, and to lay a more solid technical foundation for the final application of the PAA dispersant.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid, aiming at the problems of low operability and the like of a polyacrylic acid addition process in a high-temperature high-pressure environment of a nuclear power unit.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid high-temperature high-pressure optimal online adding process comprises the following steps:
step 1: the impurity and component requirements of polyacrylic acid meet the nuclear grade requirements of a secondary loop system of a nuclear power plant on the additive;
and 2, step: adjusting the pH value of a polyacrylic acid dosing tank according to the pH condition of the secondary loop;
and 3, step 3: determining the adding point of polyacrylic acid;
and 4, step 4: and determining the dosage of polyacrylic acid.
The impurity content of the polyacrylic acid in the step 1 comprises organic impurities and inorganic impurities, and specific indexes of the impurity content are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Limit requirements for impurity levels in nuclear grade polyacrylic acid
Serial number | Parameters of an item | Limit value requirement |
1 | Residual amount of chain transfer agent | ≤500ppm |
2 | Residual amount of chain initiator | ≤250ppm |
3 | Residual amount of monomer | ≤250ppm |
4 | Chloride ion | ≤4ppm |
5 | Total sulfur content | ≤4ppm |
6 | Fluoride ion | ≤4ppm |
7 | Nitrate ion | ≤4ppm |
8 | Phosphate radical ion | ≤4ppm |
9 | Silicon content | ≤4ppm |
10 | Iron (II) | ≤4ppm |
11 | Sodium salt | ≤2ppm |
12 | Potassium salt | ≤2ppm |
13 | Lead (II) | ≤0.5ppm |
14 | Calcium (ll) containing calcium (II) | ≤2ppm |
15 | Magnesium alloy | ≤2ppm |
16 | Aluminium | ≤2ppm |
17 | Copper (Cu) | ≤1ppm |
The polyacrylic acid in the step 1 comprises polyacrylic acid weight average molecular weight and thermal decomposition half-life at 280 ℃, wherein the polyacrylic acid weight average molecular weight is 70000-150000, and the thermal decomposition half-life at 280 ℃ is not less than 45 minutes.
And 2, adjusting the pH of the polyacrylic acid dosing box by adopting an alkalizer according to the pH condition of the two loops.
And 3, determining the adding point of the polyacrylic acid to be on the two-loop high-temperature high-pressure main water supply pipeline closest to the steam generator.
In the step 3 and before entering the steam generator in the step 3, a tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, an ion exchange resin bed, a water tank and a flowmeter are avoided on a main water supply pipeline at the downstream of the polypropylene dosing point.
The dosage of the polyacrylic acid in the step 4 is ppb level, and the concentration range of the polyacrylic acid in the main water supply system is 0.1ppb-100ppb.
The dosage of the polyacrylic acid in the step 4 is ppb level, and the concentration range of the polyacrylic acid in a blowdown system of the steam generator is less than 1000ppb.
In the step 4, the dosage of polyacrylic acid is ppb level, and the dosage is maintained for 1-30 days according to the iron removal efficiency in a steam generator sewage system.
In the step 4, the dosage of the polyacrylic acid is ppb level, and the concentration of the polyacrylic acid is gradually increased according to a step shape, so that the removal efficiency of iron in a steam generator sewage system is in the range of 2-45%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) The method has the advantages that the requirements of components such as impurities of the nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid added in the secondary loop high-temperature and high-pressure system of the nuclear power plant in the optimal online adding process are definitely met, and the operability is better achieved; (2) The method has the advantages that the requirement that when the nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid is added into the secondary loop system in the optimal online addition process, the adjustment of an alkalizer is required is determined, and in the process, the relevant pH control requirement is specifically formulated, so that the control of the secondary loop water chemistry index is facilitated, and the safety is high; (3) According to the invention, the dosing point of the nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid is accurately controlled, so that the risk that corrosion products in the secondary loop system fall off and enter a steam generator is avoided, meanwhile, unnecessary decomposition of the polyacrylic acid in the secondary loop is reduced, and the safety and the economy are further improved; (4) The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the dosage of the polyacrylic acid is ppb level, and the polyacrylic acid is gradually increased in a step shape, so that the risks of pipeline blockage, filter blockage and severe power fluctuation of related instruments caused by the fact that a large amount of polyacrylic acid enters a steam generator are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the optimal high-temperature high-pressure on-line addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
The invention provides a nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid high-temperature high-pressure optimal online adding process, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the requirements of components such as impurities of polyacrylic acid and the like meet the nuclear grade requirement of a secondary loop system of a nuclear power plant on the additive;
step 2: adjusting the pH value of a polyacrylic acid dosing box by using an alkalizer according to the pH condition of the secondary loop;
and 3, step 3: the adding point of polyacrylic acid is on the secondary loop high-temperature high-pressure main water supply pipeline closest to the steam generator;
and 4, step 4: the dosage of polyacrylic acid is ppb level and is gradually increased according to the step shape.
The impurity content of the polyacrylic acid in the step 1 comprises organic impurities and inorganic impurities, and the specific indexes of the impurity content are as follows:
TABLE 1 Limit requirements for impurity levels in nuclear grade polyacrylic acid
The components of the polyacrylic acid in the step 1 are required to comprise polyacrylic acid weight average molecular weight and thermal decomposition half-life at 280 ℃, wherein the polyacrylic acid weight average molecular weight is 70000-150000, and the thermal decomposition half-life at 280 ℃ is not less than 45 minutes.
In the step 3, before entering the steam generator, the main water supply pipeline at the downstream of the polypropylene dosing point is free from equipment such as a tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, an ion exchange resin bed, a water tank, a flowmeter and the like.
The dosage of the polyacrylic acid in the step 4 is ppb level, and the concentration range of the polyacrylic acid in the main water supply system is 0.1ppb-100ppb.
The dosage of the polyacrylic acid in the step 4 is ppb level, and the concentration range of the polyacrylic acid in a blowdown system of the steam generator is less than 1000ppb.
And 4, keeping the dosage of the polyacrylic acid in the step 4 at ppb level for 1-30 days according to the iron removal efficiency in a steam generator sewage discharge system.
In the step 4, the dosage of the polyacrylic acid is ppb level, and the concentration of the polyacrylic acid is gradually increased according to a step shape, so that the removal efficiency of iron in a steam generator sewage system is in the range of 2-45%.
The embodiment is as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an optimal high-temperature high-pressure on-line addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid according to an embodiment of the present invention. The optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for the nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid comprises the following steps:
step 1: the component requirements of impurities and the like of polyacrylic acid meet the nuclear grade requirement of a secondary loop system of a nuclear power plant on the additive;
in this step, the impurity composition of polyacrylic acid is as follows:
TABLE 2 content of impurities in polyacrylic acid in first embodiment of Nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid high-temperature high-pressure optimal on-line addition Process
Serial number | Parameters of an item | Limit value requirement | Measured value |
1 | Residual amount of chain transfer agent | ≤500ppm | <32 |
2 | Residual amount of monomer | ≤250ppm | 137 |
3 | Chloride ion | ≤4ppm | <0.32 |
4 | Total sulfur content | ≤4ppm | <0.044 |
5 | Fluoride ion | ≤4ppm | <0.32 |
6 | Nitrate radical ion | ≤4ppm | <0.32 |
7 | Phosphate radical ion | ≤4ppm | 3.68 |
8 | Silicon content | ≤4ppm | 0.89 |
9 | Iron | ≤4ppm | 0.032 |
10 | Sodium salt | ≤2ppm | 0.41 |
11 | Potassium salt | ≤2ppm | 0.22 |
12 | Lead (II) | ≤0.5ppm | <0.0063 |
13 | Calcium (ll) containing calcium (II) | ≤2ppm | 0.41 |
14 | Magnesium alloy | ≤2ppm | 0.094 |
15 | Aluminium | ≤2ppm | 0.19 |
16 | Copper (Cu) | ≤1ppm | <0.13 |
In this step, the weight average molecular weight of polyacrylic acid was 12.7 ten thousand, and the thermal decomposition half-life at 280 ℃ was 88 minutes.
Step 2: adjusting the pH value of a polyacrylic acid dosing box by using an alkalizer according to the pH condition of the secondary loop;
in the step, according to the pH condition of the two-loop main feed water, namely 9.5-10.0, ammonia water is used as an alkalizer, the volumes of the ammonia water and the polyacrylic acid are adjusted according to theoretical calculation, and the pH value of the polyacrylic acid is adjusted to 9.65.
And 3, step 3: the adding point of polyacrylic acid is on the secondary loop high-temperature high-pressure main water supply pipeline closest to the steam generator;
and (3) starting a dosing pump, and adding the polyacrylic acid prepared in the step (2) into the high-temperature and high-pressure main water supply pipeline of the two loops. The dosing point is positioned at the downstream of the two-loop main water feeding pump and close to the steam generator, and no equipment such as a tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, an ion exchange resin bed, a water tank, a flowmeter and the like exists between the dosing point and the steam generator, as shown in figure 1.
And 4, step 4: the dosage of the polyacrylic acid is ppb level and is gradually increased according to steps.
According to the step 3, the flow rate of the dosing pump is adjusted to enable the concentration of PAA to reach 0ppb, the dosing amount is maintained to be stable for 24 hours within the range of 0ppb, the iron content in the feed water of the two loops and the blow-off water of the steam generator is sampled and monitored, the iron removal rate of the blow-off of the steam generator is calculated, the removal rate is 1.09%, and the results are detailed in a table 3.
According to the step 3, the flow rate of the dosing pump is adjusted to enable the PAA concentration to reach 10ppb, the dosing amount is maintained to be stable for 24 hours within the range of 10ppb, the iron content in the feed water of the two loops and the blow-off water of the steam generator is sampled and monitored, the iron removal rate of the blow-off of the steam generator is calculated and is 5.37%, and the results are detailed in a table 3.
And (4) adjusting the flow of a dosing pump according to the step 3 to enable the concentration of the PAA to reach 25ppb, maintaining the stable dosing amount for 24 hours within the range of 25ppb, sampling and monitoring the iron content in the secondary loop feed water and the steam generator blow-off water, calculating the iron removal rate of the steam generator blow-off, wherein the removal rate is 5.79%, and the result is detailed in a table 3.
According to the step 3, the flow rate of the dosing pump is adjusted to enable the PAA concentration to reach 10ppb, the dosing amount is maintained to be stable for 24 hours within the range of 100ppb, the iron content in the feed water of the secondary loop and the blow-off water of the steam generator is sampled and monitored, the iron removal rate of the blow-off of the steam generator is calculated, the removal rate is 40.32%, and the results are detailed in a table 3.
TABLE 3 relevant data statistics table of high-temperature high-pressure optimal online addition process embodiment of nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid
Example two:
the optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for the nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid comprises the following steps:
step 1: the requirements of components such as impurities of polyacrylic acid and the like meet the nuclear grade requirement of a secondary loop system of a nuclear power plant on the additive;
in this step, the impurity composition of polyacrylic acid is as follows in table 4:
TABLE 4 content of impurities in polyacrylic acid in Nuclear grade polyacrylic acid high temperature high pressure optimal on-line addition Process example II
In this step, the weight average molecular weight of polyacrylic acid was 11.8 ten thousand, and the thermal decomposition half-life at 280 ℃ was 80 minutes.
Example three:
the optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for the nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid comprises the following steps:
and 2, step: adjusting the pH value of a polyacrylic acid dosing box by using an alkalizer according to the pH condition of the secondary loop;
in the step, according to the pH condition of the two-loop main feed water, namely 9.5-10.0, ammonia water is used as an alkalizer, the volumes of the ammonia water and the polyacrylic acid are adjusted according to theoretical calculation, and the pH value of the polyacrylic acid is adjusted to 9.73.
And step 3: the adding point of polyacrylic acid is on the two-loop high-temperature high-pressure main water supply pipeline closest to the steam generator;
and (3) starting a dosing pump, and adding the polyacrylic acid prepared in the step (2) into the high-temperature and high-pressure main water supply pipeline of the two loops. The dosing point is positioned at the downstream of the two-loop main water feeding pump and close to the steam generator, and no equipment such as a tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, an ion exchange resin bed, a water tank, a flowmeter and the like exists between the dosing point and the steam generator, as shown in figure 1.
And 4, step 4: the dosage of polyacrylic acid is ppb level and is gradually increased according to the step shape.
According to the step 3, the flow rate of the dosing pump is adjusted to enable the concentration of PAA to reach 0ppb, the dosing amount is maintained to be stable for 12 hours within the range of 0ppb, the iron content in the feed water of the two loops and the blow-off water of the steam generator is sampled and monitored, the iron removal rate of the blow-off of the steam generator is calculated, the removal rate is 1.76%, and the results are detailed in a table 5.
According to the step 3, the flow rate of the dosing pump is adjusted to enable the PAA concentration to reach 5ppb, the dosing amount is maintained to be stable for 12 hours within the range of 10ppb, the iron content in the feed water of the two loops and the blow-off water of the steam generator is sampled and monitored, the iron removal rate of the blow-off of the steam generator is calculated and is 4.43%, and the results are detailed in a table 5.
According to the step 3, the flow rate of the dosing pump is adjusted to enable the PAA concentration to reach 8ppb, the dosing amount is maintained to be stable for 12 hours within the range of 25ppb, the iron content in the feed water of the two loops and the blow-off water of the steam generator is sampled and monitored, the iron removal rate of the blow-off of the steam generator is calculated and is 4.25%, and the results are detailed in a table 5.
And (4) according to the step 3, regulating the flow of the dosing pump to enable the PAA concentration to reach 15ppb, maintaining the dosing amount to be stable for 12 hours within the range of 100ppb, sampling and monitoring the iron content in the secondary loop feed water and the steam generator blow-off water, calculating the iron removal rate of the steam generator blow-off, wherein the removal rate is 5.74%, and the results are detailed in a table 5.
TABLE 5 optimum on-line addition of nuclear polyacrylic acid at high temperature and high pressure in polyacrylic acid
Claims (10)
1. The optimal high-temperature high-pressure online adding process of nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: the impurity and component requirements of polyacrylic acid meet the nuclear grade requirements of a secondary loop system of a nuclear power plant on the additive;
step 2: adjusting the pH value of a polyacrylic acid dosing tank according to the pH condition of the secondary loop;
and 3, step 3: determining the adding point of polyacrylic acid;
and 4, step 4: and determining the dosage of polyacrylic acid.
2. The optimum high-temperature high-pressure online addition process of nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the impurity content of the polyacrylic acid in the step 1 comprises organic impurities and inorganic impurities, and specific indexes of the impurity content are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Limit requirements for impurity levels in nuclear grade polyacrylic acid
。
3. The optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the components of the polyacrylic acid in the step 1 are required to comprise polyacrylic acid weight average molecular weight and thermal decomposition half-life at 280 ℃, wherein the polyacrylic acid weight average molecular weight is 70000-150000, and the thermal decomposition half-life at 280 ℃ is not less than 45 minutes.
4. The optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 2, adjusting the pH of the polyacrylic acid dosing tank by using an alkalizer according to the pH condition of the two loops.
5. The optimum high-temperature high-pressure online addition process of nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 3, determining the adding point of the polyacrylic acid to be on the two-loop high-temperature high-pressure main water supply pipeline closest to the steam generator.
6. The optimum high-temperature high-pressure online addition process of nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 3, before entering the steam generator in the step 3, a tubular heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, an ion exchange resin bed, a water tank and a flowmeter are avoided on a main water supply pipeline at the downstream of the polypropylene dosing point.
7. The optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dosage of the polyacrylic acid in the step 4 is ppb level, and the concentration range of the polyacrylic acid in the main water supply system is 0.1ppb-100ppb.
8. The optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dosage of the polyacrylic acid in the step 4 is ppb level, and the concentration range of the polyacrylic acid in a blowdown system of the steam generator is less than 1000ppb.
9. The optimal high-temperature high-pressure online addition process for nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 4, keeping the dosage of the polyacrylic acid in the step 4 at ppb level for 1-30 days according to the iron removal efficiency in a steam generator sewage discharge system.
10. The optimum high-temperature high-pressure online addition process of nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 4, the dosage of the polyacrylic acid is ppb level, and the concentration of the polyacrylic acid is gradually increased according to a step shape, so that the removal efficiency of iron in a steam generator sewage system is in the range of 2-45%.
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CN111792716A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-20 | 三门核电有限公司 | Automatic dosing method for two loops in operation period of nuclear power plant |
CN112984491A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Online application method and system of nuclear-grade dispersant |
CN114671965A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-06-28 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid and preparation method and application thereof |
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2022
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JPS53110981A (en) * | 1977-03-10 | 1978-09-28 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Scale inhibitor |
US5288410A (en) * | 1991-11-07 | 1994-02-22 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Scale control in aqueous systems |
US20160075580A1 (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2016-03-17 | Kurita Water Industries Ltd. | Method for removing scales in steam generation facility |
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CN109323237A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-02-12 | 福建宁德核电有限公司 | The method that nuclear leve polyacrylic acid dispersant is used for Steam Generators in NPP wet preservation |
CN111792716A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-20 | 三门核电有限公司 | Automatic dosing method for two loops in operation period of nuclear power plant |
CN112984491A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Online application method and system of nuclear-grade dispersant |
CN114671965A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-06-28 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Nuclear-grade polyacrylic acid and preparation method and application thereof |
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