CN115446668A - Composite drilling and milling lathe - Google Patents
Composite drilling and milling lathe Download PDFInfo
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- CN115446668A CN115446668A CN202211320674.0A CN202211320674A CN115446668A CN 115446668 A CN115446668 A CN 115446668A CN 202211320674 A CN202211320674 A CN 202211320674A CN 115446668 A CN115446668 A CN 115446668A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q37/00—Metal-working machines, or constructional combinations thereof, built-up from units designed so that at least some of the units can form parts of different machines or combinations; Units therefor in so far as the feature of interchangeability is important
- B23Q37/002—Convertible machines, e.g. from horizontally working into vertically working
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tools, and particularly relates to a composite drilling and milling lathe which comprises an operation table, a lathe spindle and a lathe tool post, wherein the lathe spindle and the lathe tool post are arranged on the operation table; the centering and clamping device is arranged on the operating platform in a sliding mode and used for clamping a workpiece; the tool changing device comprises a mounting disc and a driving assembly, wherein an elastic center is arranged on the mounting disc, a plurality of drill bits, screw taps and milling cutters with different specifications are rotatably connected to the mounting disc, the driving assembly is used for driving the mounting disc to rotate, and the driving assembly is also used for driving the drill bits, the screw taps and the milling cutters to rotate; the problems that the machining precision is poor, the labor intensity of workers is high and the production efficiency is low in the machining process of the wind power gear shaft are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tools, and particularly relates to a composite drilling and milling lathe.
Background
Machine tools are the main processing equipment in the field of machining. The processing of the wind power gear shaft comprises finish turning of each stepped shaft and threads on a numerical control lathe, further processing of high-precision stepped holes and threaded holes in the end face of the shaft and processing of key grooves in the cylindrical surface.
The traditional processing technology is that steps and threads are finely turned on a numerical control lathe, a centering clamping device is installed on the lathe to turn a step hole, then parts are taken down, threaded holes are respectively drilled and tapped on a drilling machine, and key grooves are processed on a milling machine; in order to complete the machining, the parts need to be conveyed and clamped for multiple times on different machine tools, so that accumulated errors exist after machining easily, and the machining precision of the parts is influenced finally; moreover, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite drilling, milling and tapping lathe, which aims to solve the problems of poor machining precision, high labor intensity of workers and low production efficiency in the machining process of a wind power gear shaft.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a composite drilling, milling and tapping lathe comprises an operating platform, a lathe spindle and a lathe tool post, wherein the lathe spindle and the lathe tool post are arranged on the operating platform;
the automatic tool changing device is characterized by further comprising a centering and clamping device and a tool changing device, wherein the centering and clamping device is slidably mounted on the operating platform and used for clamping parts;
the tool changing device comprises a mounting disc and a driving assembly, wherein an elastic center and a plurality of drill bits, screw taps and milling cutters with different specifications are arranged on the mounting disc, the driving assembly is used for driving the mounting disc to rotate, and the driving assembly is further used for driving the drill bits, the screw taps and the milling cutters to rotate.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
clamping the large gear end of the wind power gear shaft by using a chuck of a lathe spindle, sliding a tool changing device to enable an elastic center on an installation disc to abut against a central hole at the small end of the gear shaft, and finely turning each step shaft, the end face and the external thread of the gear shaft by using a lathe tool rest after the gear shaft abuts tightly; after the requirements of various dimensions of a drawing are met, sliding the centering clamping device and the tool changing device, enabling the centering clamping device to clamp the outer circle of the middle right part of the gear shaft, enabling an elastic center of the tool changing device to exit from a center hole of the gear shaft, driving the mounting disc to rotate through the driving assembly to select a tool required for machining, adjusting the relative position of the selected tool and the gear shaft through the sliding tool changing device, and driving the tool to rotate through the driving assembly to machine the gear shaft; the milling cutter, the drill bit or the screw tap required by machining can be replaced by repeating the operations, and the procedures of drilling the stepped hole, boring the stepped hole, drilling the threaded hole, milling the key groove on the outer cylindrical surface and the like of the gear shaft are realized.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the tailstock ejector pin on the traditional lathe is removed, the tailstock ejector pin is replaced by a tool changing device capable of mounting various tools and elastic apexes, and a centering clamping device is added, so that the processes of turning, milling, drilling and tapping of a workpiece are completed on one lathe, the conveying times and the clamping times of the workpiece are reduced, errors caused by repeated clamping are reduced, the processing precision of the workpiece is improved, the labor intensity and the working time of workers are reduced, and the production efficiency and the benefit are improved.
Furthermore, the tool changing device also comprises a frame, wherein a mounting seat is fixedly connected to the frame, a rotating shaft is slidably mounted in the mounting seat, and one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the mounting disc; the mounting disc is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and the mounting seat is provided with positioning pins which can be inserted into the positioning holes; the driving assembly is also used for driving the rotating shaft to slide relative to the mounting seat.
The driving assembly drives the rotating shaft to slide out of the mounting seat, so that the positioning pin is separated from the positioning hole, drives the rotating shaft to rotate, drives the mounting disc to rotate to replace a tool required by machining, and then drives the rotating shaft to reversely slide, so that the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole; the mounting disc is positioned by arranging the positioning pin and the positioning hole, so that errors generated in the position of the mounting disc after tool changing are avoided, and the machining precision of a workpiece is improved.
Furthermore, a Morse taper hole is formed in the mounting seat, and the rotating shaft can be tightly attached to the conical surface of the Morse taper hole; be equipped with nut and thrust ball bearing in the pivot, thrust ball bearing's collar rigid coupling is on the nut, and the circumference rigid coupling has a plurality of springs on thrust ball bearing's the seat circle, the free end of a plurality of springs and the top fixed connection of mount pad.
Through the matching of the rotating shaft and the conical surface of the Morse conical hole, the central position of the mounting disc is unchanged after the mounting disc slides back to the original position after rotating, and the positioning precision of the cutter is improved; the thrust ball bearing is arranged on the rotating shaft, the thrust ball bearing and the rotating shaft are connected through the spring, and the thrust ball bearing is tensioned by the elasticity of the spring, so that the rotating shaft is matched with the conical surface more tightly; in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, only the inner ring of the thrust ball bearing rotates along with the rotating shaft, and the outer ring of the thrust ball bearing is fixedly connected with the Morse taper hole, so that the spring is prevented from rotating along with the rotating shaft.
Further, the driving assembly comprises a first driving element, a second driving element and a third driving element, wherein the first driving element is used for driving the rotating shaft to slide, the second driving element is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the third driving element is used for driving the drill, the tap and the milling cutter to rotate; the output end of the second driving element is fixedly connected with a driving plate, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a driven sheave, the driving plate and the driven sheave form a sheave mechanism, and the driving plate can drive the driven sheave to rotate.
The second driving element drives the driving dial to rotate, the round pin on the driving dial is inserted into the radial groove of the driven grooved wheel to drive the driven grooved wheel to rotate, and after the round pin on the driving dial is separated from the radial groove, the driven grooved wheel is static and does intermittent rotation, so that the mounting disc can be stably and intermittently indexed to replace a cutter.
Further, the centering and clamping device comprises a U-shaped seat and a fourth driving element, an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod are hinged to the U-shaped seat, and V-shaped grooves are formed in the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod; an upper support rod is hinged to the upper connecting rod, and a lower support rod is hinged to the lower connecting rod; and one end of the upper support rod, which is far away from the upper connecting rod, and one end of the lower support rod, which is far away from the lower connecting rod, are both hinged to the output end of a fourth driving element, and the fourth driving element is used for pushing the upper support rod and the lower support rod to slide.
The V-shaped grooves of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are respectively positioned at two sides of the workpiece, the output end of the fourth driving element drives the upper supporting rod and the lower supporting rod to move towards the direction far away from the workpiece, the angle between the upper supporting rod and the lower supporting rod is gradually reduced, and the upper supporting rod and the lower supporting rod drive the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod to gradually approach the workpiece and clamp the workpiece; after the workpiece is machined, the output end of the fourth driving element drives the upper supporting rod and the lower supporting rod to move reversely, and then the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod loosen the workpiece. The upper support rod and the lower support rod, and the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are symmetrically arranged, so that the processes of clamping and loosening the workpiece are more stable in operation, and the centering precision is high; the power is provided through the driving assembly, the automation degree is improved, and the working efficiency is high.
Furthermore, a rear shaft is fixedly connected between the left plate and the right plate of the U-shaped seat, the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are hinged to the rear shaft, and the fourth driving element is fixedly connected to the rear shaft; the left plate and the right plate of the U-shaped seat are also provided with sliding grooves, the output end of the fourth driving element is fixedly connected with a middle shaft, two ends of the middle shaft are sleeved with bearings, the two bearings are slidably mounted in the sliding grooves, and the upper supporting rod and the lower supporting rod are hinged to the middle shaft.
Furthermore, the upper connecting rod comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a clamping block, two sides of the clamping block are fixedly connected with the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod respectively, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to the rear shaft; the lower connecting rod is hinged on the rear shaft between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod; the V-shaped groove of the upper connecting rod is arranged on the clamping block.
Furthermore, the first driving element is an ejection oil cylinder, the ejection oil cylinder is arranged on the rack, and a piston rod of the ejection oil cylinder is connected with the rotating shaft through a coaxial flat key; the second driving element is an indexing motor, the indexing motor is arranged on the rack, and the active drive plate is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the indexing motor; the third driving element is a speed reducing motor, a spline housing is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the speed reducing motor, and splines capable of being inserted into the spline housing are arranged on the drill bit, the screw tap and the milling cutter; the fourth driving element is an oil cylinder, and a piston rod of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the middle shaft.
Furthermore, a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are parallel to the length direction of the operation table are arranged on the operation table; a first dragging plate is slidably mounted on the first guide rail, and the U-shaped seat is fixedly connected to the first dragging plate; the second carriage is slidably mounted on the second guide rail, a third guide rail perpendicular to the second guide rail is arranged on the second carriage, a third carriage is slidably mounted on the third guide rail, and the rack is fixedly mounted on the third carriage.
The lathe tool post, the first driving element, the second driving element, the third driving element, the fourth driving element and the three linear motors are all electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the lathe tool post, the first driving element, the second driving element, the third driving element, the fourth driving element and the three linear motors to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the tool changer;
FIG. 4 is an A-angle view of the tool changer;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tool changer;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the centering fixture;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the centering clamp;
fig. 8 is a top view of the centering gripping device.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:
the lathe comprises an operating platform 1, a lathe spindle 11, a first carriage 12, a second carriage 13 and a third carriage 14;
the tool changing device comprises a tool changing device 2, a frame 21, a mounting seat 22, a positioning pin 221, a rotating shaft 23, a driven grooved wheel 231, a nut 232, a thrust ball bearing 233, a spring 234, a mounting disc 24, a positioning hole 241, an elastic center 242, a vertically-mounted milling cutter main shaft 243, a drill bit main shaft 244, a tapping main shaft 245, an ejection oil cylinder 25, an indexing motor 26, a driving dial 261 and a secondary planetary transmission speed reducing motor 27;
the centering and jacking device 3, a left plate 311, a right plate 312, a sliding chute 313, a rear shaft 32, an upper connecting rod 33, a first connecting rod 331, a second connecting rod 332, a clamping block 333, a lower connecting rod 34, an oil cylinder 35, a middle shaft 36, a bearing 361, an upper supporting rod 37 and a lower supporting rod 38;
a workpiece 4.
Example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2:
a composite drilling and milling lathe comprises an operation platform 1, a tool changing device 2, a centering and jacking device 3, a lathe tool platform (not shown in the figure) and a controller, wherein a lathe spindle 11 is fixedly arranged on the operation platform 1 through a bolt, and a three-jaw chuck and three linear motors are fixedly arranged on the lathe spindle 11 through bolts; a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are parallel to the length direction of the operating platform 1 are welded on the operating platform 1; a first dragging plate 12 is arranged on the first guide rail in a sliding manner, a second dragging plate 13 is arranged on the second guide rail in a sliding manner, a third guide rail vertical to the second guide rail is welded on the second dragging plate 13, and a third dragging plate 14 is arranged on the third guide rail in a sliding manner; the tool changer 2 is fixedly arranged on the third carriage 14, and the lathe tool post and the centering and jacking device 3 are respectively and fixedly arranged at two ends of the first carriage 12; the output ends of the three linear motors are respectively fixedly connected with a first carriage plate 12, a second carriage plate 13 and a third carriage plate 14 through bolts; the three linear motors are all electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the three linear motors to operate.
The first carriage 12 drives the centering and jacking device 3 to slide on the first guide rail, so that the position of the centering and jacking device 3 on the operating platform 1 is changed, and the centering and jacking device 3 can clamp the workpiece 4 conveniently; the second carriage 13 and the third carriage 14 are arranged to change the relative position of the tool changer 3 and the workpiece 4, so that the tool can be changed to process the workpiece 4 in different procedures; the automatic machining of one-time drilling, milling and tapping of the workpiece is realized through numerical control programming.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, and 5:
the tool changing device 2 comprises a rack 21, wherein a mounting seat 22 is fixedly mounted on the rack 21 through bolts, a Morse taper hole is formed in the mounting seat 22, a rotating shaft 23 which can be attached to the Morse taper hole is arranged in the mounting seat 22, a mounting disc 24 is welded at one end of the rotating shaft 23, and a plurality of positioning holes 241 are formed in the mounting disc 24; the other end of the rotating shaft 23 is provided with a driven sheave 231, a nut 232 and a thrust ball bearing 233, the driven sheave 231 is welded on the rotating shaft 23, the nut 232 is installed on the rotating shaft 23 in a threaded manner, the driven sheave 231 is welded on the rotating shaft 23, a shaft ring of the thrust ball bearing 233 is welded on the nut 232, a plurality of springs 234 are circumferentially arranged on a seat ring of the thrust ball bearing 233, and free ends of the springs 234 are welded on the installation seat 22; the mounting base 22 is also fixedly mounted with a positioning pin 221 by a bolt, and the positioning pin 221 can be inserted into the positioning hole 241.
The elastic force of the spring 234 enables the rotating shaft 23 to be matched with the conical surface of the Morse conical hole in the mounting seat 22, so that the center position of the rotating shaft 23 is unchanged after the rotating shaft slides out of the Morse conical hole and then slides back to the original position, and the positioning accuracy of the tool changing device is improved; the elastic force of the spring 234 enables the rotating shaft 23 to be matched with the conical surface of the Morse conical hole more tightly, so that the positioning precision of the device is improved; a shaft ring of the thrust ball bearing 233 is fixedly connected with the nut 232, a seat ring is fixedly connected with the spring 234, only the shaft ring rotates along with the rotating shaft 23 in the rotating process, and the seat ring and the spring are kept static; the positioning pin 221 is matched with the positioning hole 241, so that the positioning precision of the cutter on the mounting disc 24 is improved, and the processing quality of the workpiece 4 is improved.
The mounting disc 24 is provided with a spring center 242, a vertically mounted milling cutter spindle 243, a drill spindle 244 and a tapping spindle 245 (the tapping spindle 245 shown in fig. 3 has no connection relation with other structures, and only the structure is shown); the elastic center 242 is welded on the mounting disc 24; the vertically-mounted milling cutter spindle 243, the drill spindle 244 and the tapping spindle 245 all comprise bases, and connecting shafts are rotatably mounted on the bases; a drill bit or a screw tap is welded on the connecting shaft of the drill spindle 244 and the tapping spindle 245; the two connecting shafts for vertically mounting the milling cutter spindle 243 are perpendicular to each other, contact ends of the two connecting shafts are respectively connected with two meshed bevel gears in a flat key mode, and one end, far away from the bevel gears, of one connecting shaft is welded with a milling cutter.
Tools used in milling, drilling and tapping are mounted on the mounting disc 24, and the required tool can be selected by rotating the rotating shaft 23 to drive the mounting disc 24 to rotate; when the workpiece 4 needs to be turned or the workpiece 4 needs to be pushed tightly, the second carriage 13 and the third carriage 14 are slid, so that the elastic center 242 can be pushed tightly against the workpiece 4 to machine the workpiece 4. The elastic center 242 can be used for tightly pushing the workpiece 4 in the procedures of rough turning, finish turning and the like, and the elastic center 242 can ensure that the pushing force of the device when staying at a programming position can not be changed due to errors of the length of a product and the depth of a center hole, so that the processing precision of the workpiece 4 is improved
The rack 21 is also fixedly provided with an ejection oil cylinder 25, an indexing motor 26 and a secondary planetary transmission speed reducing motor 27 through bolts, and a piston rod of the ejection oil cylinder 25 is coaxially and flatly connected with the rotating shaft 23 through a flat key; a driving dial 261 is mounted on an output shaft of the indexing motor 26 through a bolt, the driving dial 261 and the driven sheave 231 form a sheave conversion mechanism, and a round pin of the driving dial 261 can be inserted into a radial groove of the driven sheave 231; the output shaft of the secondary planetary transmission speed reducing motor 27 is in spline connection with connecting shafts on a milling cutter main shaft 243, a drill main shaft 244 and a tapping main shaft 245 which are vertically arranged; the ejection oil cylinder 25, the indexing motor 26 and the secondary planetary transmission speed reducing motor 27 are electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the ejection oil cylinder 25, the indexing motor 26 and the secondary planetary transmission speed reducing motor 27 to run or stop.
The ejection oil cylinder 25 is pushed by oil, a piston rod of the ejection oil cylinder 25 drives the rotating shaft 23 to slide out of the mounting seat 22, so that the rotating shaft 23 is separated from the positioning conical surface of the Morse conical hole by overcoming the pulling force of the spring 234, the positioning pin 221 is separated from the positioning hole 241, and the output shaft of the secondary planetary transmission speed reduction motor 27 is disconnected with a connecting shaft which is vertically provided with the milling cutter spindle 243 or the drill spindle 244 or the tapping spindle 245; starting the indexing motor 26, wherein an output shaft of the indexing motor 26 drives the driving dial 261 to rotate, a round pin of the driving dial 261 is inserted into a radial groove on the driven sheave 231 to drive the driven sheave 231 to rotate, and the indexing motor 26 stops running until a tool required by machining rotates to be coaxial with an output shaft of the secondary planetary transmission speed reducing motor 27; the ejection oil cylinder 25 loses oil, a piston rod of the ejection oil cylinder 25 drives the rotating shaft 23 to slide back to an initial position, the rotating shaft 23 is tightly attached to a positioning conical surface of a Morse conical hole by the tensile force of the spring 234, the positioning pin 221 is inserted into the positioning hole 241 to position the mounting disc 24, an output shaft of the secondary planetary transmission speed reducing motor 27 is in spline connection with a connecting shaft which is vertically provided with a milling cutter spindle 243, a drill bit spindle 244 or a tapping spindle 245, and the selected cutter can be driven to rotate by starting the secondary planetary transmission speed reducing motor 27 to process the workpiece 4; the cutter required by the work can be replaced by repeating the operation, and drilling, milling and tapping after the workpiece is clamped once are realized.
As shown in fig. 6, 7, and 8:
the centering and clamping device 3 comprises a U-shaped seat 31 which is fixedly arranged on the third carriage 14 through a bolt; a rear shaft 32 is fixedly connected between a left plate 311 and a right plate 312 of the U-shaped seat, an oil cylinder 35 is fixedly arranged on the rear shaft 32 through a bolt, and an upper connecting rod 33 and a lower connecting rod 34 are hinged on the rear shaft 32; the upper connecting rod 33 comprises a first connecting rod 331, a second connecting rod 332 and a clamping block 333, a V-shaped groove is formed in the clamping block 333, two sides of the clamping block 333 are fixedly installed on the first connecting rod 331 and the second connecting rod 332 through bolts respectively, and the first connecting rod 331 and the second connecting rod 332 are hinged to the rear shaft 32; the lower connecting rod 34 is hinged on the rear shaft 32 between the first connecting rod 331 and the second connecting rod 332, and one end of the lower connecting rod 34 far away from the rear shaft 32 is also provided with a V-shaped groove; the V-shaped groove on the clamping block 333 corresponds to the V-shaped groove on the lower connecting rod 34; the oil cylinder 35 is electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the operation or stop of the oil cylinder 35.
The centering and clamping device 3 is moved to a position where the workpiece 4 is located between the clamping block 333 and the V-groove on the lower link 34, and the workpiece 4 is clamped and released by changing the angle between the upper link 33 and the lower link 34.
The left plate 311 and the right plate 312 of the U-shaped seat 31 are provided with sliding chutes 313 corresponding to each other in position, a middle shaft 36 is further arranged between the left plate 311 and the right plate 312 of the U-shaped seat 31, and the middle shaft 36 is hinged with a piston rod of the oil cylinder 35; two ends of the middle shaft 36 are sleeved with bearings 361, and the two bearings 361 are respectively installed in sliding grooves 313 on the left plate 311 and the right plate 312 in a sliding manner; the middle shaft 36 is hinged with an upper support rod 37 and a lower support rod 38, the upper support rod 37 is positioned between the first connecting rod 331 and the second connecting rod 332 and is hinged with the first connecting rod 331 and the second connecting rod 332; two lower struts 38 are provided, and the two lower struts 38 are respectively hinged on two sides of the lower connecting rod 34.
By arranging the upper support rod 37 between the first link 331 and the second link 332, the upper support rod 37 can drive the first link 331 and the second link 332 to rotate simultaneously; two lower support rods 38 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lower connecting rod 34, so that the forces of the lower support rods 38 acting on the two sides of the lower connecting rod 34 are the same; the process of clamping and loosening the workpiece 4 is more stable, and the centering precision of the workpiece 4 is improved.
The piston rod of the oil cylinder 35 pushes the bearing 361 on the middle shaft 36 to slide in the sliding groove 313, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 35 pushes the middle shaft 36 to slide in the direction away from the workpiece 4, so that the upper support rod 37 and the lower support rod 38 drive the upper connecting rod 33 and the lower connecting rod 34 to approach the workpiece 4, and the clamping block 333 and the V-shaped groove on the lower connecting rod 34 contact the surface of the workpiece 4 to clamp the workpiece 4; the oil cylinder 35 pushes the middle shaft 36 to slide reversely, so that the workpiece 4 can be released. The hydraulic oil cylinder 35 has a simple structure, a small volume and stable work, so that the process of clamping and loosening the workpiece 4 is stable in operation, and the centering precision of the workpiece 4 is improved; the oil cylinder 35 provides power, so that the automation degree of the invention is improved, the working efficiency is high, and the invention is suitable for the requirements of high efficiency and high precision of modern machine tools.
Taking the processing of the wind power gear shaft as an example, the concrete implementation is as follows:
the controller controls the automatic workpiece processing device to automatically process the workpiece, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the lathe spindle 11 clamps the large gear end of the wind power gear shaft, the controller controls the linear motor to operate to enable the second carriage 13 and the third carriage 14 to slide, the position of the tool changer 2 is adjusted to enable the elastic center 242 on the tool changer 2 to tightly push against the center hole of the small end of the wind power gear shaft, the controller controls the lathe tool post to finish lathe each step shaft, end face and external thread, and the controller stops operating after each dimension of a drawing is reached.
Step two: the controller controls the linear motor to enable the first dragging plate 12 to slide, controls the oil cylinder 35 to operate, and enables the upper connecting rod 33 and the lower connecting rod 34 of the centering and clamping device 3 to clamp the middle right outer circle of the wind power gear shaft; the controller controls the linear motor to operate, so that the second carriage 13 and the third carriage 14 slide, the position of the tool changer 2 is adjusted, the vertically-installed milling cutter spindle 243, the vertically-installed drill bit spindle 244 or the vertically-installed tapping spindle 245 on the tool changer 2 is enabled to be over against the machining position of the gear shaft, the controller controls the secondary planetary gear reducer motor 27 to operate, and the selected tool is driven to machine the gear shaft.
Step three: after the primary processing is finished, the controller controls the linear motor to operate, so that the second carriage 13 and the third carriage 14 slide, the position of the tool changing device 2 is changed, the tool is enabled to be opposite to the processing part of the wind power gear shaft, the indexing motor 26 is controlled to operate, the mounting disc 24 is enabled to rotate, and the tool required by the next procedure is changed; and (4) until the procedures of drilling a stepped hole, boring the stepped hole, drilling a threaded hole, tapping the threaded hole, milling a key groove on the outer cylindrical surface and the like of the wind power gear shaft are completed.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and the general knowledge of the known specific technical solutions and/or characteristics and the like in the solutions is not described herein too much. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a lathe is attacked to compound brill mills, includes the operation panel and installs lathe spindle and the lathe sword platform on the operation panel, be equipped with chuck, its characterized in that on the lathe spindle:
the centering and clamping device is arranged on the operating platform in a sliding mode and used for clamping a workpiece;
the tool changing device comprises a mounting disc and a driving assembly, an elastic center is arranged on the mounting disc, a plurality of drill bits, screw taps and milling cutters of different specifications are connected to the mounting disc in a rotating mode, the driving assembly is used for driving the mounting disc to rotate, and the driving assembly is further used for driving the drill bits, the screw taps and the milling cutters to rotate.
2. The combined drilling and milling machine tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tool changing device also comprises a rack, wherein a mounting seat is fixedly connected to the rack, a rotating shaft is slidably mounted in the mounting seat, and one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the mounting disc; the mounting disc is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and the mounting seat is provided with positioning pins which can be inserted into the positioning holes; the driving assembly is also used for driving the rotating shaft to slide relative to the mounting seat.
3. The combined drilling and milling machine tool as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the mounting seat is provided with a Morse taper hole, and the rotating shaft can be tightly attached to the conical surface of the Morse taper hole; be equipped with nut and thrust ball bearing in the pivot, thrust ball bearing's race rigid coupling is on the nut, and the circumference rigid coupling has a plurality of springs on thrust ball bearing's the seat circle, the free end of a plurality of springs and the top fixed connection of mount pad.
4. A combined drilling and milling machine tool as defined in claim 3, wherein: the driving assembly comprises a first driving element, a second driving element and a third driving element, the first driving element is used for driving the rotating shaft to slide, the second driving element is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the third driving element is used for driving the drill, the tap and the milling cutter to rotate; the output end of the second driving element is fixedly connected with a driving plate, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a driven sheave, the driving plate and the driven sheave form a sheave mechanism, and the driving plate can drive the driven sheave to rotate.
5. The composite drill-mill tapping lathe of claim 1, wherein: the centering and clamping device comprises a U-shaped seat and a fourth driving element, an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod are hinged to the U-shaped seat, and V-shaped grooves are formed in the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod; an upper support rod is hinged to the upper connecting rod, and a lower support rod is hinged to the lower connecting rod; and one end of the upper support rod, which is far away from the upper connecting rod, and one end of the lower support rod, which is far away from the lower connecting rod, are both hinged to the output end of the fourth driving element, and the fourth driving element is used for pushing the upper support rod and the lower support rod to slide.
6. The composite drill-mill tapping lathe of claim 5, wherein: a rear shaft is fixedly connected between the left plate and the right plate of the U-shaped seat, the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are hinged to the rear shaft, and the fourth driving element is fixedly connected to the rear shaft; the left plate and the right plate of the U-shaped seat are also provided with sliding grooves, the output end of the fourth driving element is fixedly connected with a middle shaft, two ends of the middle shaft are sleeved with bearings, the two bearings are slidably mounted in the sliding grooves, and the upper supporting rod and the lower supporting rod are hinged to the middle shaft.
7. The composite drill-mill tapping lathe of claim 6, wherein: the upper connecting rod comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a clamping block, two sides of the clamping block are fixedly connected with the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod respectively, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to the rear shaft; the lower connecting rod is hinged on the rear shaft between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod; the V-shaped groove of the upper connecting rod is arranged on the clamping block.
8. The composite drill-mill tapping lathe of claim 7, wherein: the first driving element is an ejection oil cylinder, the ejection oil cylinder is arranged on the rack, and a piston rod of the ejection oil cylinder is connected with the rotating shaft through a coaxial flat key; the second driving element is a transposition motor, the transposition motor is arranged on the rack, and the driving drive plate is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the transposition motor; the third driving element is a speed reducing motor, a spline housing is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the speed reducing motor, and splines capable of being inserted into the spline housing are arranged on the drill bit, the screw tap and the milling cutter; the fourth driving element is an oil cylinder, and a piston rod of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the middle shaft.
9. The composite drill-mill tapping lathe of claim 8, wherein: the operating platform is provided with a first guide rail parallel to the length direction of the operating platform and a second guide rail parallel to the length direction of the operating platform; a first dragging plate is slidably mounted on the first guide rail, and the U-shaped seat is fixedly connected to the first dragging plate; the second carriage is slidably mounted on the second guide rail, a third guide rail perpendicular to the second guide rail is arranged on the second carriage, a third carriage is slidably mounted on the third guide rail, and the rack is fixedly mounted on the third carriage.
10. The composite drill-mill tapping lathe of claim 9, wherein: the lathe tool post, the first driving element, the second driving element, the third driving element, the fourth driving element and the three linear motors are all electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the lathe tool post, the first driving element, the second driving element, the third driving element, the fourth driving element and the three linear motors to operate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211320674.0A CN115446668A (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2022-10-26 | Composite drilling and milling lathe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211320674.0A CN115446668A (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2022-10-26 | Composite drilling and milling lathe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115446668A true CN115446668A (en) | 2022-12-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202211320674.0A Pending CN115446668A (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2022-10-26 | Composite drilling and milling lathe |
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| CN (1) | CN115446668A (en) |
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| CN2185646Y (en) * | 1994-01-15 | 1994-12-21 | 周希安 | Turntable device for quick removable tool fixture |
| CN206474689U (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-09-08 | 天津市锦程伟业人防设备有限公司 | Numerical control self-centering center frame |
| CN108608013A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-02 | 烟台工程职业技术学院 | A kind of automatic loading unloading device of digital controlled lathe |
| CN208099368U (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-16 | 黑龙江农业工程职业学院 | Tail stock knife quick change cutterhead |
| CN210450994U (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-05-05 | 常州市格里森前进齿轮有限公司 | Multifunctional lathe with tool changing and locking device for machining cylindrical gear |
| CN215315792U (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-12-28 | 纽威数控装备(苏州)股份有限公司 | Crankshaft milling fixture |
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2022
- 2022-10-26 CN CN202211320674.0A patent/CN115446668A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2185646Y (en) * | 1994-01-15 | 1994-12-21 | 周希安 | Turntable device for quick removable tool fixture |
| CN206474689U (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-09-08 | 天津市锦程伟业人防设备有限公司 | Numerical control self-centering center frame |
| CN208099368U (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-16 | 黑龙江农业工程职业学院 | Tail stock knife quick change cutterhead |
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| CN215315792U (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-12-28 | 纽威数控装备(苏州)股份有限公司 | Crankshaft milling fixture |
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