CN115443891B - Method and device for automatically adjusting drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity - Google Patents
Method and device for automatically adjusting drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for automatically regulating drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity, wherein a photovoltaic assembly drives a water pump to press irrigation water into an irrigation pipe network, the irrigation pipe network consists of a plurality of irrigation branch pipes, a measurement and control integrated valve is arranged at the water inlet of each irrigation branch pipe, the measurement and control integrated valve regulates the flow and pressure of a water delivery main pipe and the irrigation branch pipes by changing the opening degree of the valve, when the solar irradiation intensity is higher, the plurality of measurement and control integrated valves are automatically opened, the number of the irrigation branch pipes is increased, so that the irrigation area is increased, and the aim of fully utilizing the redundant irradiation intensity is fulfilled; when the solar irradiation intensity is smaller, part of valves are automatically closed, the pipeline pressure is increased, and the pressure requirement of irrigation is met. According to the invention, solar energy is used as irrigation power, under different irradiation intensities, the intelligent measurement and control integrated valve is utilized to regulate the flow and pressure of an irrigation pipeline, so that the automatic regulation of the flow and pressure of an irrigation pipe network is realized, the irrigation requirement of an irrigation area is met, and the energy utilization efficiency of the whole photovoltaic water pump water lifting drip irrigation system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water-saving irrigation and efficient renewable energy source utilization in dry-land agriculture, and particularly relates to a method and a device for automatically adjusting drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity.
Background
In recent years, the photovoltaic drip irrigation system is developed in remote farmland irrigation without power supply, which is a development trend of future agricultural irrigation, but solar energy has the characteristics of instability and intermittence, so that the photovoltaic drip irrigation system cannot work normally under stable pressure, particularly when the solar irradiation intensity is weaker, the pressure of an irrigation pipeline cannot meet the working requirement of a dripper, and when the irradiation intensity is higher, the excess energy cannot be fully utilized due to the limitation of an irrigation area and a water irrigation device, and the energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic drip irrigation system is extremely low. The solar energy utilization is insufficient, a learner considers energy storage equipment such as a storage battery and a reservoir to cause higher system cost, the storage battery is extremely easy to pollute the environment, the solar energy is contrary to the original purpose of solar energy cleaning energy, the flow of the photovoltaic irrigation system is uncontrollable, the automation degree of the conventional photovoltaic drip irrigation system is lower, the water consumption and the energy consumption are high, and the popularization is difficult. Therefore, a photovoltaic drip irrigation device capable of automatically adjusting the pipeline flow according to the solar irradiation intensity is needed to solve the problems of low energy utilization rate of a photovoltaic drip irrigation system and insufficient intelligent irrigation system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low energy utilization rate, uncontrollable flow and low intelligent degree of the existing photovoltaic drip irrigation system, the invention provides a method for automatically adjusting drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity.
The invention realizes the task by adopting the following technical scheme: a method for automatically regulating drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity converts solar energy into electric energy to provide power for a photovoltaic water pump through a photovoltaic module, the valve opening of a valve is controlled and measured by a PLC in a PLC valve control system, mathematical models between the valve opening of the valve and solar irradiation intensity, the flow and the lift of the water pump are established and measured under different irradiation intensities and are input into a PLC controller, pressure sensors are used for detecting and feeding back the pressure requirements of different irrigation pipelines to the PLC controller, and the opening condition of the valve to be regulated is calculated through the mathematical models and target pressure, so that the accurate regulation of the pipeline flow of the drip irrigation system is realized.
The mathematical model between the valve opening of the measurement and control integrated valve and the solar irradiation intensity, the water pump flow and the lift under different irradiation intensities is specifically as follows:
the relation between the output power of the photovoltaic module in unit area and the solar irradiation intensity is determined as shown in a formula (1):
P a ＝η 1 G (1)
p in the formula a The output power of the photovoltaic module is unit area, W; η (eta) 1 The output power of the photovoltaic module is related to the area of the photovoltaic module for the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.
The output power of the photovoltaic module can be calculated by the formula (2):
P＝S p P a (2)
wherein P is the output power of the photovoltaic module in the test, and W; s is S p Panel area, m, of photovoltaic module 2 。
Under the condition of fixing the output power of the photovoltaic module, the lift and the flow of the water pump are in inverse proportion function relation, and the efficiency eta of the photovoltaic water pump 2 Satisfy formula (3):
wherein ρ is the density of water, and the value is 1×10 3 kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the g is gravity acceleration, and takes the value of 9.8m 2 S; q is the flow of the water pump, m 3 S; h is the lift of the water pump, m.
When the valve is fully opened, the lift and the flow of the photovoltaic water pump and the output power of the photovoltaic component meet the requirements of (4) and (5):
Q 1 ＝a 1 P 2 +b 1 P+c 1 (4)
H 1 ＝a 2 P 2 +b 2 P+c 2 (5)
q in 1 The flow rate of the photovoltaic water pump is L/h when the valve is fully opened; h 1 Photovoltaic water pump for valve full-openThe lift, m; a, a 1 、a 2 、b 1 、b 2 、c 1 、c 2 Is a model parameter and is related to pipeline size and valve type.
The lift-valve opening model and the flow-valve opening model meet a Logistic regression equation, and the modes are shown in formulas (4) and (5):
h in n 、Q n The pressure and the flow of the water inlet of the pipeline are respectively; a is that 1 、A 2 、X 0 M is a model parameter, and along with the change of the input power of the photovoltaic water pump, the numerical values of the four parameters are changed regularly at the same time; k is the valve opening.
The invention also aims to provide a device for automatically regulating the drip irrigation flow according to the solar irradiation intensity, which comprises a reservoir, a photovoltaic water pump, a photovoltaic module, an irrigation main pipe, a PLC valve control system, an electric wire, a measurement and control integrated valve, an irrigation pipe network, an irrigation branch pipe and a pressure compensation type water dropper, wherein the photovoltaic water pump is arranged beside the reservoir, an MPPT solar controller is arranged in the photovoltaic water pump, and a water outlet of the MPPT solar controller is connected with one end of the irrigation main pipe; the other end of the main irrigation pipe is connected with an irrigation pipe network; a plurality of branch pipes are uniformly distributed on the irrigation pipe network, each branch pipe is communicated with a water inlet of an integrated measurement and control valve, and water outlet of the integrated measurement and control valve is communicated with the irrigation branch pipe; the irrigation branch pipe is provided with a plurality of pressure compensation type drippers.
The photovoltaic module provides a power source for the photovoltaic water pump through the MPPT solar controller.
The measuring and controlling integrated valve consists of a motor, a screw rod, a plunger guide rail, a plunger, a rubber cushion, a fixing nut, a water inlet shrinkage tube, a valve body shell, a valve body water inlet tube and a valve body water outlet, wherein the motor is arranged at the top of the valve body shell, the valve body water inlet tube is arranged at the lower end of the valve body shell, the valve body water outlet is arranged at the middle end of the valve body shell, a power shaft of the motor is connected with the upper end of the screw rod, the lower end of the screw rod penetrates through the plunger guide rail and is connected with a built-in thread arranged at the upper end of the plunger in the plunger guide rail, the plunger guide rail is fixedly arranged in the valve body shell, and the rubber cushion is arranged at the lower end of the plunger through the fixing nut; the valve body water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet shrinkage pipe at one end positioned in the valve body shell.
The PLC valve control system consists of a PLC controller, a pressure sensor and an irradiation intensity-valve opening mathematical model, and the PLC controller is connected with a motor, the pressure sensor and a photovoltaic module of the measurement and control integrated valve through wires respectively.
Further, the device for automatically adjusting the drip irrigation flow according to the solar irradiation intensity is characterized in that a rubber cushion is arranged at the lower end of the plunger and corresponds to the water inlet shrinkage tube.
Further, the device for automatically adjusting the drip irrigation flow according to the solar irradiation intensity is characterized in that the plunger can move on the plunger guide rail in a straight line under the pushing of the screw rod.
The invention adopts an angle type measurement and control integrated valve which is arranged at the water inlet of the branch pipe of the irrigation pipe network of the photovoltaic water pump water lifting system, and the purpose of ensuring the normal operation of the irrigation pipe network under different irradiation intensities is realized by adjusting the opening of the valve according to the requirement of the irrigation pressure of the branch pipe; through the irradiation intensity-valve opening mathematical model, the optimal opening of the valve under different irradiation intensities and target pressures is calculated, and the valve can be regulated and controlled in real time, so that the whole efficiency of the system is improved, and meanwhile, the irrigation flow is controllable, and technical support is provided for intelligent and green intelligent agriculture.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the flow of the branch pipe of the water delivery pipe network of the photovoltaic water pump water lifting system is controlled by adopting the measurement and control integrated valve, when the solar irradiation intensity is smaller, the opening of the valve is automatically adjusted, the flow of the branch pipe is reduced, the pressure of the branch pipe is increased, the working range of the photovoltaic water pump is increased, the irrigation water quantity of the photovoltaic water pump water lifting system is improved, and the micro adjustment of the flow of the irrigation branch pipe is realized.
2. According to the invention, the control integrated valve is adopted to control the opening and closing of each irrigation branch pipe, when the solar irradiation intensity is high, the number of the irrigation branch pipes is controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the valves, the irrigation area is increased, the number of the irrigation branch pipes is increased on the premise of ensuring the normal operation of the pressure compensation type drip heads on the branch pipes every day, the full utilization of solar energy is improved, the regional irrigation is carried out according to the change characteristics of the irradiation intensity within one day, the uniform irrigation is ensured, the working interval of the photovoltaic water pump is further optimized, and the method is suitable for macroscopic regulation and control of a large-area irrigation area of a photovoltaic drip irrigation system.
3. According to the invention, a mathematical model of irradiation intensity-valve opening is established according to the characteristics of the measurement and control integrated valve, the flow and pressure of an irrigation pipe network are micro-regulated and micro-regulated, and the PLC monitors data through a pressure sensor according to the working pressure requirements of a branch pipe and a pressure compensation type drip irrigation head under different solar irradiation intensities, so that the optimal valve opening is determined, the solar energy utilization maximization of a photovoltaic drip irrigation system is realized, and the efficiency of the whole system is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a measurement and control integrated valve;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the photovoltaic drip irrigation device equipment connection for automatically adjusting the pipe flow according to the solar irradiation intensity;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a device control and regulation method;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the irradiation intensity per unit area versus the output power of the photovoltaic module;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change of valve opening and photovoltaic water pump flow relationship under different irradiation intensities;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the change of valve opening and photovoltaic water pump lift relationship under different irradiation intensities;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the variation of irrigation flow before and after optimization of a single irrigation pipe under different irrigation loads;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the working quantity of different irrigation branch pipes along with the irradiation intensity of the sun on a sunny day.
The reference numerals in the figures represent: the system comprises a 1-reservoir, a 2-photovoltaic water pump, a 3-photovoltaic module, a 4-irrigation main pipe, a 5-PLC valve control system, a 6-electric wire, a 7-measurement and control integrated valve, an 8-irrigation pipe network, a 9-irrigation branch pipe, a 10-pressure compensation type dripper, a 51-PLC controller, a 52-pressure sensor, a 71-motor, a 72-screw rod, a 73-plunger guide rail, a 74-plunger, a 75-rubber cushion, a 76-fixing nut, a 77-water inlet shrink tube, a 78-valve body shell, a 79-valve body water inlet and a 710-valve body water outlet.
Detailed Description
The following description of the ending scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for automatically regulating drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity comprises the steps of controlling the valve opening of a measurement and control integrated valve through a PLC in a PLC valve control system, establishing mathematical models between the valve opening of the measurement and control integrated valve and solar irradiation intensity, water pump flow and lift under different irradiation intensities, inputting the mathematical models into a PLC controller, detecting and feeding back the mathematical models to the PLC controller according to different irrigation pipeline pressure requirements, calculating the opening condition to which the valve should be regulated through the mathematical models and target pressure, and realizing accurate regulation of the pipeline flow of the drip irrigation system, wherein the microscopic regulation flow is shown in figure 4 a.
The mathematical model between the valve opening of the measurement and control integrated valve and the solar irradiation intensity, the water pump flow and the lift under different irradiation intensities is specifically as follows.
Converting solar energy into electric energy through photovoltaic module to provide power for photovoltaic water pump
The relation between the output power of the photovoltaic module in unit area and the solar irradiation intensity is determined as shown in a formula (1):
P a ＝η 1 G (1)
p in the formula a The output power of the photovoltaic module is unit area, W; η (eta) 1 The output power of the photovoltaic module is related to the area of the photovoltaic module for the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.
The output power of the photovoltaic module can be calculated by the formula (2):
P＝S p P a (2)
wherein P is the output power of the photovoltaic module in the test, and W; s is S p Panel area, m, of photovoltaic module 2 Here the value is 3m 2 ；
Under the condition of fixing the output power of the photovoltaic module, the lift and the flow of the water pump are in inverse proportion function relation, and the efficiency eta of the photovoltaic water pump 2 Satisfy formula (3):
wherein ρ is the density of water, and the value is 1×10 3 kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the g is gravity acceleration, and takes the value of 9.8m 2 S; q is the flow of the water pump, m 3 S; h is the lift of the water pump, m.
When the valve is fully opened, the lift and the flow of the photovoltaic water pump and the output power of the photovoltaic component meet the requirements of (4) and (5):
Q 1 ＝a 1 P 2 +b 1 P+c 1 (4)
H 1 ＝a 2 P 2 +b 2 P+c 2 (5)
q in 1 The flow rate of the photovoltaic water pump is L/h when the valve is fully opened; h 1 The lift, m of the photovoltaic water pump is the valve full-open time; a, a 1 、a 2 、b 1 、b 2 、c 1 、c 2 Is a model parameter and is related to pipeline size and valve type.
The lift-valve opening model and the flow-valve opening model meet a Logistic regression equation, and the forms are shown in formulas (6) and (7):
h in n 、Q n The pressure and the flow of the water inlet of the pipeline are respectively; a is that 1 、A 2 、X 0 M is a model parameter, and along with the change of the input power of the photovoltaic water pump, the numerical values of the four parameters are changed regularly at the same time; k is the valve opening.
And (3) establishing an irradiation intensity-valve opening mathematical model by the formulas (1) - (7), establishing an accurate control model of the pump lift and the flow along with the opening change, and realizing the flow microcosmic regulation and control of the single irrigation pipeline by controlling the measurement and control integrated valve according to the change of the solar irradiation intensity.
For a plurality of irrigation pipelines, the relation between the irrigation branch pipe and the main pipe flow is shown in the formula (8)
Wherein n is the number of branch pipes, namely the number of irrigation areas and the number of subareas, Q Main unit The main pipe flow is the photovoltaic water pump water outlet flow; q (Q) 1 、Q 2 、…、Q n The flow rates at the inlets of the branch pipes are respectively.
When the irradiation intensity is large, the flow Q of the photovoltaic water pump Main unit And the total irrigation flow of the existing pipeline is fixed due to the reason that the compensation type dripper at the irrigation tail end is large, the irrigation area is increased by increasing the number of the measurement and control integrated valves, the redistribution of the photovoltaic drip irrigation system is realized, the solar energy utilization rate of the system is further improved, and the macroscopic regulation and control flow is shown in a figure 4 b.
In the embodiment of the invention, two solar monocrystalline silicon panels with the sizes of 1640mm multiplied by 982mm multiplied by 40mm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness) and the rated power of 260W are selected for the photovoltaic module; the model of the photovoltaic water pump is S243T-30, the rated power is 260W, and the voltage of the water pump is as follows: DC24v (18 v-45 v); the structure of the measurement and control integrated valve is shown in figure 2. Obtaining a mathematical model of irradiation intensity-valve opening of the valve body through a test, wherein the test site is a hydraulic power hall of the northwest agriculture and forestry science and technology university of Shaanxi Yang Ling, and establishing a sectional function of irradiation intensity per unit area and output power of a photovoltaic module according to data of solar irradiation intensity and output power of a photovoltaic panel, wherein a schematic diagram of the sectional function is shown in figure 5; the test device is used for measuring the flow and the lift of the photovoltaic water pump with different irradiation intensities and different valve openings, perfecting mathematical relations of (1) to (7), perfecting mathematical models of the irradiation intensities and the valve openings, providing theoretical basis for micro-adjustment and macro-adjustment of the photovoltaic water pump water lifting system, and changing the relation between the valve openings and the flow and the lift of the photovoltaic water pump under different irradiation intensities as shown in figures 5 and 6.
The relation between the output power of the photovoltaic module and the solar irradiation intensity is determined as shown in the formula (9)
When the valve is fully opened, the lift and the flow of the photovoltaic water pump and the output power of the photovoltaic component meet the requirements of (9) and (10):
Q 1 ＝-0.0190P 2 +11.9P+370 (9)
H 1 ＝-8.570P 2 +0.0760P+0.0876 (10)
photovoltaic module simulator output power and photovoltaic water pump flow valve opening model parameter A 1 、A 2 、X 0 The n relation formula is shown in table 1.
Output power of homonymy photovoltaic module simulator and photovoltaic water pump lift valve opening model parameter A 1 、A 2 、X 0 The n relation formula is shown in table 2.
Furthermore, the measurement and control integrated valve adopts an angle structure, the flow channel is simple, and the inside is not easy to generate sediment and block.
Further, the irradiation intensity-valve opening mathematical model is obtained through a test, wherein the photovoltaic water pump flow, the lift and the valve opening meet a Logistic regression equation.
Furthermore, an irradiation intensity-valve opening mathematical model is arranged in the PLC controller to form a PLC valve control system.
The invention relates to a method for automatically regulating drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity, which aims at the normal distribution change trend of the irradiation intensity in one day, has relatively smaller irradiation intensity in the morning and afternoon, has larger irradiation intensity before and after the noon, regulates the opening of a valve through a measurement and control integrated valve, closes part of irrigation branch pipes when the irradiation intensity is weaker in the morning and evening, and meets the irrigation requirement of crops with small area; when the noon irradiation intensity is large, valve switches of more irrigation branch pipes are opened to meet the irrigation demands of large-area crops, and macroscopic regulation and control of the pipeline flow of the drip irrigation system are realized through irrigation area partition alternate irrigation at different moments, wherein the regulation mode is shown in figure 9. When the irradiation intensity is smaller, the pressure of the pipeline provided by the photovoltaic water pump is lower, the lowest working pressure of the dripper cannot be met, the opening of the valve is adjusted through the motor, the flow and the pressure in the pipeline are changed, the pipeline pressure-flow curve refers to the actual pressure-flow curve in the pipeline under the influence of the opening of the valve according to the flow-lift (pressure) relation curve in the working process of the water pump, and when the two curves have an intersection point, the water pump can work. The pipeline water pressure is increased by adjusting the opening of the valve, so that the minimum pressure requirement of the dripper is met; when the irradiation intensity variation amplitude is smaller, the interconversion of the pipeline flow and the pressure is realized by changing the valve opening, the branch pipe flow is reduced to increase the branch pipe pressure by automatically adjusting the valve opening according to the solar irradiation intensity, the working range of the photovoltaic water pump is increased, the irrigation water quantity of the photovoltaic water pump water lifting system is improved, the micro-adjustment of the irrigation branch pipe flow is realized, and the effect before and after optimization is shown in figure 8 under different target pressures.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-2, a device for automatically adjusting drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity comprises a reservoir 1, a photovoltaic water pump 2, a photovoltaic module 3, an irrigation pipe network 8, a measurement and control integrated valve 7, a PLC valve control system 5, an electric wire 6, a water transmission main pipe 4, an irrigation branch pipe 9 and a pressure compensation type water dropper 10.
The photovoltaic water pump 2 is arranged beside the reservoir, and the water outlet of the photovoltaic water pump is connected with the water delivery pipe network 8; the water delivery pipe network 8 comprises a water delivery main pipe 4 and an irrigation branch pipe 9; one end of the water delivery main pipe 4 is connected with the photovoltaic water pump 2, and the other end is connected with the irrigation branch pipe to form a water delivery pipe network 8; the water inlet of the irrigation branch pipe 9 is provided with a measurement and control integrated valve 7 for controlling the flow quantity entering the irrigation branch pipe 9, and the water outlet is provided with equidistant pressure compensation drippers 10 for field irrigation; the measurement and control integrated valve 7 is characterized in that a motor 71 is arranged at the upper end of the measurement and control integrated valve 7 and used for driving a screw 72, a plunger 74 moves up and down along a plunger guide rail 73, a rubber cushion 75 is sleeved on the plunger 74 and fixed by a nut 76, a water inlet shrinkage tube 77 is arranged below the fixed nut 76, the structure is integrated in a valve body shell 78, a water inlet tube 79 is arranged at the lower end of the valve body, and a water outlet 710 is arranged at the upper end of the valve body.
The PLC valve control system 5 comprises a PLC controller 51, a pressure sensor 52 and an irradiation intensity-valve opening mathematical model, the PLC controller 51 is connected with the measurement and control integrated valve 7, the pressure change of the irrigation branch pipe 9 is monitored through the pressure sensor 52, the valve opening of the measurement and control integrated valve 7 is regulated by combining the irradiation intensity-valve opening mathematical model in the PLC controller 51, and the irrigation pressure requirement of the irrigation branch pipe 9 is met.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic drip irrigation device equipment connection for automatically adjusting the pipeline flow according to the solar irradiation intensity, wherein the PLC reads the analog quantity in the pressure transmitter through an RS485 interface, converts the analog quantity into pipeline pressure, brings the pipeline pressure into a valve opening model, calculates the optimal valve opening, controls the motor in the measurement and control integrated valve to rotate through output ports Y0, Y1 and Y2, and adjusts the valve opening to the calculated valve opening.
The photovoltaic drip irrigation system is subjected to microscopic regulation, a pressure compensation type drip head 10 is additionally arranged at the tail end of a single micro-irrigation pipeline, and the pipeline can work normally only when the pipeline needs to meet the irrigation target pressure according to irrigation hydraulic calculation. When the irradiation intensity is smaller, normal irrigation cannot be performed due to insufficient pipeline pressure, the pipeline pressure is improved by adjusting the opening of the valve of the measurement and control integrated valve 7, normal irrigation of the irrigation pipe network 8 is realized, and the optimization effect is shown in fig. 8.
The photovoltaic drip irrigation system macroscopically adjusts, when the irradiation intensity is great, the opening and closing of the integral valve 7 are controlled through adjusting, so that the irrigation area is increased, when the irradiation intensity is weak, the number of irrigated strips of the irrigation branch pipe 9 is reduced through adjusting the closing of the integral valve 7, the irrigation area is further reduced, the irrigation is carried out through alternate subareas of the irrigation area, the photovoltaic water pump 2 is shown in fig. 9, the full utilization of solar energy is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved.
The invention discloses a device for automatically adjusting the flow of a pipeline according to the solar irradiation intensity, which drives a water pump to press irrigation water into an irrigation pipe network through a photovoltaic module, wherein the irrigation pipe network consists of a plurality of irrigation branch pipes, a measurement and control integrated valve is arranged at the water inlet of each irrigation branch pipe, the measurement and control integrated valve adjusts the flow and the pressure of a water delivery main pipe and the irrigation branch pipes by changing the opening degree of the valve, and when the solar irradiation intensity is higher, the plurality of measurement and control integrated valves are automatically opened to increase the number of the irrigation branch pipes, so that the irrigation area is increased, and the aim of fully utilizing the redundant irradiation intensity is fulfilled; when the solar irradiation intensity is smaller, part of valves are automatically closed, the pipeline pressure is increased, and the pressure requirement of irrigation is met. When the solar irradiation intensity is smaller, the pressure of the pipeline is increased by reducing the flow rate to meet the pressure requirement of the irrigation pipeline; according to the invention, solar energy is used as irrigation power, under different irradiation intensities, the intelligent measurement and control integrated valve is utilized to adjust the flow and pressure of an irrigation pipeline, so that the automatic adjustment of the flow and pressure of an irrigation pipe network is realized, and the irrigation requirement of an irrigation area is met; the device effectively combines the sine change characteristic of solar energy, utilizes the valve opening and closing and opening change of the measurement and control integrated valve to realize the full and effective utilization of solar energy in different time periods, provides a macroscopic and microscopic complementary adjustment method of irrigation flow, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the whole photovoltaic water pump water lifting drip irrigation system.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A method for automatically regulating drip irrigation flow according to solar irradiation intensity is characterized in that solar energy is converted into electric energy through a photovoltaic module to provide power for a photovoltaic water pump, the valve opening of a measurement and control integrated valve is controlled through a PLC in a PLC valve control system, mathematical models between the valve opening of the measurement and control integrated valve and the solar irradiation intensity, the water pump flow and the lift under different irradiation intensities are built and input into a PLC controller, pressure sensors are used for detecting and feeding back the pressure requirements of different irrigation pipelines to the PLC controller, and the opening condition of the valve to be regulated is calculated through the mathematical models and target pressure, so that the accurate regulation of the pipeline flow of a drip irrigation system is realized;
the mathematical model between the valve opening of the measurement and control integrated valve and the solar irradiation intensity, the water pump flow and the lift under different irradiation intensities is specifically as follows:
the relation between the output power of the photovoltaic module in unit area and the solar irradiation intensity is determined as shown in a formula (1):
P a ＝η 1 G (1)
p in the formula a The output power of the photovoltaic module is unit area, W; η (eta) 1 The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is related to the output power of the photovoltaic module and the area of the photovoltaic module;
the output power of the photovoltaic module can be calculated by the formula (2):
P＝S p P a (2)
wherein P is the output of the photovoltaic module in the testPower, W; s is S p Panel area, m, of photovoltaic module 2 ；
Under the condition of fixing the output power of the photovoltaic module, the lift and the flow of the water pump are in inverse proportion function relation, and the efficiency eta of the photovoltaic water pump 2 Satisfy formula (3):
wherein ρ is the density of water, and the value is 1×10 3 kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the g is gravity acceleration, and takes the value of 9.8m 2 S; q is the flow of the water pump, m 3 S; h is the lift of the water pump, m;
when the valve is fully opened, the lift and the flow of the photovoltaic water pump and the output power of the photovoltaic component meet the requirements of (4) and (5):
Q 1 ＝a 1 P 2 +b 1 P+c 1 (4)
H 1 ＝a 2 P 2 +b 2 P+c 2 (5)
q in 1 The flow rate of the photovoltaic water pump is L/h when the valve is fully opened; h 1 The lift, m of the photovoltaic water pump is the valve full-open time; a, a 1 、a 2 、b 1 、b 2 、c 1 、c 2 Is a model parameter and is related to pipeline size and valve type;
the lift-valve opening model and the flow-valve opening model meet a Logistic regression equation, and the modes are shown in formulas (4) and (5):
h in n 、Q n The pressure and the flow of the water inlet of the pipeline are respectively; a is that 1 、A 2 、X 0 M is a model parameter, and along with the change of the input power of the photovoltaic water pump, the numerical values of the four parameters are changed regularly at the same time; k is the valve opening.
2. The device for automatically adjusting the drip irrigation flow according to the solar irradiation intensity is characterized by comprising a reservoir (1), a photovoltaic water pump (2), a photovoltaic module (3), an irrigation main pipe (4), a PLC valve control system (5), an electric wire (6), a measurement and control integrated valve (7), an irrigation pipe network (8), an irrigation branch pipe (9) and a pressure compensation type water dropper (10), wherein the photovoltaic water pump (2) is arranged beside the reservoir (1), an MPPT solar controller is arranged in the photovoltaic water pump (2), and a water outlet of the photovoltaic water pump is connected with one end of the irrigation main pipe (4); the other end of the main irrigation pipe (4) is connected with an irrigation pipe network (8); a plurality of branch pipes are uniformly distributed on the irrigation pipe network (8), each branch pipe is communicated with a water inlet of the measurement and control integrated valve (7), and the water outlet of the measurement and control integrated valve (7) is communicated with the irrigation branch pipe (9); a plurality of pressure compensation type drippers (10) are arranged on the irrigation branch pipes (9);
the photovoltaic module (3) provides a power source for the photovoltaic water pump (2) through the MPPT solar controller;
the measuring and controlling integrated valve (7) consists of a motor (71), a screw (72), a plunger guide rail (73), a plunger (74), a rubber cushion (75), a fixing nut (76), a water inlet shrinkage tube (77) and a valve body shell (78), a valve body water inlet tube (79) and a valve body water outlet (710), wherein the motor (71) is arranged at the top of the valve body shell (78), the valve body water inlet tube (79) is arranged at the lower end of the valve body shell, the valve body water outlet (710) is arranged at the middle end of the valve body shell, a power shaft of the motor (71) is connected with the upper end of the screw (72), the lower end of the screw (72) penetrates through the plunger guide rail (73) and is connected with the internal threads of the upper end of the plunger (74) arranged in the plunger guide rail (73), the plunger guide rail (73) is fixedly arranged in the valve body shell (78), and the rubber cushion (75) is arranged at the lower end of the plunger (74) through the fixing nut (76). A water inlet shrinkage pipe (77) is arranged at one end of the valve body water inlet pipe (79) positioned in the valve body shell (78);
the PLC valve control system (5) consists of a PLC controller (51), a pressure sensor (52) and an irradiation intensity-valve opening mathematical model, wherein the PLC controller (51) is connected with a motor (71), the pressure sensor (52) and a photovoltaic module (3) of the measurement and control integrated valve through wires (6) respectively.
3. The device for automatically adjusting the flow rate of drip irrigation according to the intensity of solar radiation according to claim 2, wherein a rubber cushion (75) is installed at the lower end of the plunger (74) corresponding to the water inlet shrink tube (77).
4. The device for automatically adjusting the flow rate of drip irrigation according to the intensity of solar radiation according to claim 2, wherein said plunger (74) is linearly movable on a plunger guide (73) under the pushing of a screw (72).
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