CN115443569A - Electrolyte, electrochemical device containing electrolyte and electronic device - Google Patents
Electrolyte, electrochemical device containing electrolyte and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115443569A CN115443569A CN202180026202.1A CN202180026202A CN115443569A CN 115443569 A CN115443569 A CN 115443569A CN 202180026202 A CN202180026202 A CN 202180026202A CN 115443569 A CN115443569 A CN 115443569A
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- electrolyte
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 lithium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005554 polynitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PFJLHSIZFYNAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(F)F PFJLHSIZFYNAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006832 (C1-C10) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- CYMOMYBFCLTKBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoroethyl 2-fluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound FCCOC(=O)OCC(F)F CYMOMYBFCLTKBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IUHZCKVTAFBZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoroethyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC(=O)OCC(F)F IUHZCKVTAFBZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QOARFWDBTJVWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoroethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCC(F)F QOARFWDBTJVWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XVUMEEAIPCCPHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoroethyl fluoromethyl carbonate Chemical compound FCCOC(=O)OCF XVUMEEAIPCCPHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NOLGJZJMWUDWQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoroethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCCF NOLGJZJMWUDWQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004419 alkynylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- WLLOZRDOFANZMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F WLLOZRDOFANZMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UYFISINJOLGYBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2-difluoroethyl) carbonate Chemical compound FC(F)COC(=O)OCC(F)F UYFISINJOLGYBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YZWIIIGEQKTIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-fluoroethyl) carbonate Chemical compound FCCOC(=O)OCCF YZWIIIGEQKTIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IQFAIEKYIVKGST-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(fluoromethyl) carbonate Chemical compound FCOC(=O)OCF IQFAIEKYIVKGST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043232 butyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- VWCDXEKXDIWXKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC(F)F VWCDXEKXDIWXKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VDGKFLGYHYBDQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(F)F VDGKFLGYHYBDQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLHKMGHXUXYDQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-fluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCCF XLHKMGHXUXYDQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- UHHPUKUEMKPCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl fluoromethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCF UHHPUKUEMKPCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PIQRQRGUYXRTJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCF PIQRQRGUYXRTJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SYRDSFGUUQPYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-].FC(=O)C(F)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-].FC(=O)C(F)=O SYRDSFGUUQPYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NIQAXIMIQJNOKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F NIQAXIMIQJNOKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 47
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 54
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002335 surface treatment layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005466 carboxylated polyvinylchloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003123 carboxymethyl cellulose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940063834 carboxymethylcellulose sodium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
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- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQMIRQSWHKCKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethene;1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)=C.FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F OQMIRQSWHKCKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2,2-bis(chloromethyl)propane Chemical compound ClCC(CCl)(CCl)CCl KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[5-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CC=1OC(=NN=1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEWLOAZFAGNPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylsulfonylethane Chemical compound CCS(=O)(=O)C=C BJEWLOAZFAGNPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJGJHDZQLWWMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F HJGJHDZQLWWMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(bromomethyl)-1-iodo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(I)C(CBr)=C1 YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NOC(=N1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTWYQAQIXXAXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)S(C)(=O)=O VTWYQAQIXXAXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCCS1(=O)=O PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMNZUEWMIREWRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-ylsulfonylbutane Chemical compound CCC(C)S(=O)(=O)C(C)C UMNZUEWMIREWRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 6-[(5S)-5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C[C@H]1CN(C(O1)=O)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 241000588731 Hafnia Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910012820 LiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011281 LiCoPO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012097 LiSbF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002933 Thioredoxin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VMHLCAPNSPEJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene 1-phenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C=CC=C.C(=O)(C=C)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 VMHLCAPNSPEJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N captafol Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@H]2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)Cl)C(=O)[C@H]21 JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005994 diacetyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNQXJPARXFUULZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxolane Chemical compound C1COOC1 SNQXJPARXFUULZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010325 electrochemical charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010326 electrochemical discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011326 fired coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- KGPPDNUWZNWPSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N flurotyl Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COCC(F)(F)F KGPPDNUWZNWPSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007756 gravure coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- YQNQTEBHHUSESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium aluminate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Al]=O YQNQTEBHHUSESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940094937 thioredoxin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002733 tin-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
An electrolyte, an electrochemical device and an electronic device including the same are provided, wherein the electrolyte includes a compound of formula (I-A). The electrolyte comprising the compound of the formula (I-A) is applied to an electrochemical device, so that a stable anode solid interface film can be formed on the surface of a positive electrode of the electrochemical device, and a stable cathode solid interface film can be formed on the surface of a negative electrode of the electrochemical device, and the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device are effectively improved. The electronic device comprising the electrochemical device also has good high-temperature storage performance and cycle performance.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of electrochemistry, in particular to an electrolyte, an electrochemical device containing the electrolyte and an electronic device.
Background
As a new type of movable energy storage device, a secondary battery (e.g., a lithium ion battery) has characteristics of high energy density, high operating voltage, long cycle life, no memory effect, environmental friendliness, etc., and is widely used in the field of portable small electronic devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, cameras, etc., and is gradually expanded to the fields of large-scale electric transportation work and renewable energy storage. With the wide application of lithium ion batteries in the above fields, people have higher and higher requirements on energy density of lithium ion batteries.
In order to further increase the energy density of lithium ion batteries, methods of increasing the charging voltage or increasing the capacity of the active material are generally employed. However, both methods can accelerate the decomposition of the electrolyte in the lithium ion battery, and further degrade the cycle performance and the high-temperature (not less than 60 ℃) storage performance of the lithium ion battery.
Disclosure of Invention
An electrolyte, an electrochemical device and an electronic device including the same are provided to improve cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an electrolyte comprising a compound of formula (I-a):
wherein A is 1 Selected from the subunits of formula (I-B), formula (I-C), or formula (I-D):
x and Y are each independently selected from a subunit of formula (I-E), a subunit of formula (I-F), a subunit of formula (I-G), or a subunit of formula (I-H):
represents a binding site to an adjacent atom; r 12 And R 17 Each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 Alkyl of (2)Substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkenyl of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 To C 10 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 To C 10 Alicyclic hydrocarbon group of (1), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 Lipoheterocyclic group of (A), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atoms; r 11 、R 13 、R 14 、R 15 、R 16 、R 18 And R 19 Each independently selected from the group consisting of a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 Alkylene of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkenylene group of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkynylene of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 6 To C 10 Arylene of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 3 To C 10 Alicyclic hydrocarbon group of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 Of (a) a heterocyclylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atoms; the heteroatoms in the aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, aliphatic heterocyclic group, and aromatic heterocyclic group each independently comprise N, S or O.
The electrolyte comprising the compound of the formula (I-A) is applied to an electrochemical device, so that a stable anode solid interface film is formed on the surface of a positive electrode of the electrochemical device, a stable cathode solid interface film is formed on the surface of a negative electrode of the electrochemical device, the stability of the surface of the positive electrode and the surface of the negative electrode is further improved, and the continuous decomposition of the electrolyte at high temperature is inhibited, thereby improving the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device.
Preferably, the compound of formula (I-A) includes at least one of the following compounds (I-1) to (I-38):
in one embodiment of the present application, the mass percentage W of the compound of formula (I-a) is based on the mass of the electrolyte I 0.01% to 5%, preferably 0.1% to 1%. For example, W I The value of (b) may be 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. By mixing the mass percent W of the compound of the formula (I-A) I The control within the above range is more advantageous for improving the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device.
In one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte further comprises a compound of formula (II-a):
wherein R is 21 And R 22 Each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 5 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 5 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 5 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen or methyl, R 21 And R 22 A closed loop structure may be constructed.
The compound of the formula (II-A) is added into the electrolyte, so that the stability of the surface of the anode and the surface of the cathode can be further improved, the continuous decomposition of the electrolyte at high temperature can be inhibited, the consumption required by the redox reaction of the electrolyte can be reduced, the gas generation of the electrolyte can be inhibited, and the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device can be further improved.
Preferably, the compound of formula (II-A) includes at least one of the following compounds (II-1) to (II-12):
in one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte satisfies at least one of the following (a) or (b): (a) The mass percentage content W of the compound of formula (II-A) based on the mass of the electrolyte II From 0.05% to 3%, preferably from 0.1% to 1%; (b) The mass percentage content W of the compound of formula (I-A) based on the mass of the electrolyte I W is the mass percentage of the compound of the formula (II-A) II Satisfies the following conditions: w is more than 0 I /W II 10 or less, preferably 0.25 or less W I /W II ≤5。
For example, W II The value of (d) may be 0.05%, 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. By mixing the mass percentage W of the compound of the formula (II-A) II The control within the above range is more advantageous for improving the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device.
For example, W I /W II The value of (d) may be 0.1, 0.17, 0.25, 0.5, 5, 10, or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. By mixing W I /W II The value of (A) is controlled within the above range, so that the compound of formula (I-A) and the compound of formula (II-A) exert a synergistic effect, and the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device are more favorably improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte further comprises a first lithium salt comprising lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO) 2 F 2 ) At least one of lithium difluorobis (oxalato) phosphate (LiDFOP) or lithium tetrafluoro (oxalato) phosphate. The addition of the first lithium salt in the electrolyte can further improve the film forming effect of the anode solid interface film on the surface of the anode, reduce the contact between the electrolyte and the anode and inhibit the gas generation of the electrolyte. Thereby further improving the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device.
In one embodiment of the present application, the mass percentage content W of the first lithium salt is based on the mass of the electrolyte L1 Is 0.1% to 1%. For example, W L1 The value of (b) may be 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.8%, 1%, or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. By containing the first lithium salt in percentage by massQuantity W L1 The control within the above range is more advantageous for improving the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device.
In one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte further includes a sulfur-oxygen double bond compound, the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound including a compound of formula (III-a):
wherein A is 3 Any one selected from the group consisting of a subunit of formula (III-B), a subunit of formula (III-C), a subunit of formula (III-D), a subunit of formula (III-E), a subunit of formula (III-F), a subunit of formula (III-G), a subunit of formula (III-H), and a subunit of formula (III-I):
represents a binding site to an adjacent atom; r 31 And R 32 Each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 5 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkenyl of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 To C 10 An alicyclic group of (A), substituted or unsubstituted C 6 To C 10 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Lipoheterocyclic group of (A), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Aryl heterocyclic group of (1), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 3 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atom, C 1 To C 3 Alkyl of (C) 2 To C 3 Alkenyl or C 2 To C 3 Alkynyl of R 31 And R 32 A closed loop structure can be formed; the heteroatoms in the aliphatic and aromatic heterocyclic groups each independently comprise N, S orO。
The addition of the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound in the electrolyte can enhance the oxidation resistance of the electrolyte, reduce the possibility of oxidation of the anode active material, and form a layer of protective film on the surface of the metal lithium under the condition that the lithium is separated from the cathode, thereby inhibiting the decomposition and heat generation of the metal lithium and the electrolyte, enhancing the protection of the anode active material and the anode active material, and further improving the cycle performance, high-temperature storage performance and floating charge performance of the electrochemical device.
Preferably, the compound of formula (III-A) includes at least one of the following compounds (III-1) to (III-53):
more preferably, the compound of formula (III-a) comprises at least one of the following compounds:
in one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte satisfies at least one of the following (c) or (d):
(c) Based on the mass of the electrolyte, the mass percentage content W of the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound S From 0.01% to 10%, preferably from 0.1% to 8%;
(d) The mass percentage content W of the compound of formula (I-A) based on the mass of the electrolyte I The mass percentage content W of the compound having a double bond with sulfur and oxygen S Satisfies the following conditions: w is more than 0 I /W S 1 or less, preferably 0.1 or less W I /W S ≤0.3。
For example, W S The value of (d) may be 0.01%, 0.1%, 4%, 8%, 10%, or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. The mass percentage content W of the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound S The control within the above range is more favorable for improving the cycle performance, high-temperature storage performance and floating charge performance of the electrochemical device.
For example, W I /W S May be 0.01, 0.063, 0.1, 0.125, 0.3, 0.5, 1, or any number between any two of the above numerical ranges. W is to be I /W S The value of (A) is controlled within the above range, so that the compound of formula (I-A) and the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound exert a synergistic effect, and the cycle performance, the high-temperature storage performance and the floating charge performance of the electrochemical device are improved more favorably.
In one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte further includes a polynitrile compound including at least one of the following compounds (i-1) to (i-16):
the addition of the polynitrile compound in the electrolyte enables the compound in the formula (I-A) and the polynitrile compound to play a synergistic role, and further improves the high-temperature storage performance and the floating charge performance of the electrochemical device.
In one embodiment of the present application, the mass percentage content W of the polynitrile compound based on the mass of the electrolyte D From 0.3% to 10%, preferably from 2% to 10%. For example, W D The value of (b) may be 0.3%, 1%, 2.5%, 3%, 5%, 10%, or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. By mixing the mass percent W of the polynitrile compound D The control within the above range is more advantageous for improving the high-temperature storage performance and the float charge performance of the electrochemical device.
In one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte further includes a first non-aqueous organic solvent including at least one of a cyclic carbonate, a chain carbonate, or a carboxylic ester. The addition of the first non-aqueous organic solvent in the electrolyte can further enhance the stability of the anode solid interface film on the surface of the anode and the cathode solid interface film on the surface of the cathode, improve the flexibility of the anode solid interface film and the cathode solid interface film, further increase the protection effect on the anode active material and the cathode active material, reduce the contact probability of the anode active material or the cathode active material and the electrolyte, and inhibit the increase of impedance in the circulation process of the electrochemical device, thereby further improving the circulation performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device.
In one embodiment of the present application, the cyclic carbonate comprises Sup>A compound of formulSup>A (IV-A):
wherein R is 4 Selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 6 Alkenylene, when substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atom, C 1 To C 6 Alkyl or C 2 To C 6 An alkenyl group.
Preferably, the compound of formulSup>A (IV-A) includes at least one of the following compounds (IV-1) to (IV-12):
in one embodiment of the present application, the chain carbonate includes at least one of dimethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, fluoromethyl methyl carbonate, bis (fluoromethyl) carbonate, difluoromethyl methyl carbonate, ethyl (fluoromethyl) carbonate, difluoromethyl ethyl carbonate, 2-fluoroethyl methyl carbonate, 2-fluoroethyl (fluoromethyl) carbonate, 2,2-difluoroethyl methyl carbonate, 2,2-difluoroethyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate, ethyl (2-fluoroethyl) carbonate, bis (2-fluoroethyl) carbonate, 2,2-difluoroethyl (2-fluoroethyl) carbonate, bis (2,2-difluoroethyl) carbonate, bis (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, or ethylpropyl carbonate; the carboxylic acid ester comprises at least one of methyl formate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl Propionate (EP), 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate, or 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate.
In one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte satisfies at least one of the following (e) to (g):
(e) Based on the mass of the electrolyte, the mass percentage content W of the cyclic carbonate H From 0.01% to 30%, preferably from 0.1% to 30%;
(f) The mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the chain carbonate is (10-60) to 40;
(g) The mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the carboxylic ester is (10-60) to (20-60).
For example, W H The value of (d) may be 0.01%, 5%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. The mass percentage of the cyclic carbonate W H The control within the above range is more advantageous for improving the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device. W H The value of (b) is controlled within the above preferable range, and the cycle performance of the electrochemical device can be further improved.
For example, the mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the chain carbonate may be 10. The mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the chain carbonate is controlled within the above range, so that the cyclic carbonate and the chain carbonate exert a synergistic effect, and the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device are improved.
For example, the mass ratio of cyclic carbonate to carboxylate may be 10, 15, 55. The mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the carboxylic ester is controlled within the above range, so that the cyclic carbonate and the carboxylic ester exert a synergistic effect, and the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device are improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, the electrolyte further includes Sup>A second lithium salt including Sup>A compound of formulSup>A (V-Sup>A):
wherein A is 51 、A 52 、A 53 And A 54 Each independently selected from a halogen atom, a group of formula (V-B), a group of formula (V-C) or a group of formula (V-D), A 51 、A 52 、A 53 And A 54 Wherein two adjacent groups may form a closed ring structure:
represents a binding site to an adjacent atom; o in the two binding sites of the group of formula (V-C) is linked to B, k is 0 or 1; r 51 And R 53 Each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 6 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atoms; r 52 Selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Alkylene of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 6 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atoms.
Preferably, the compound of formulSup>A (V-A) comprises lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF) 4 ) Lithium bis (oxalato) borate (LiB (C) 2 O 4 ) 2 LiBOB) or lithium difluorooxalato borate (LiBF) 2 (C 2 O 4 ) LiDFOB).
The second lithium salt is added into the electrolyte, so that a positive solid interfacial film can be formed on the surface of the positive electrode, and/or a negative solid interfacial film can be formed on the surface of the negative electrode, the stability of the positive electrode/electrolyte and negative electrode/electrolyte interfaces is maintained, and the cycle performance, the floating charge performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device are further improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, the mass percentage content W of the second lithium salt is based on the mass of the electrolyte L2 Is 0.1 to 2 percent. For example, W L2 The value of (b) may be 0.1% or 0.3%0.5%, 1%, 2%, or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. The mass percentage content W of the second lithium salt L2 The control within the range is more favorable for improving the cycle performance, the floating charge performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device.
The electrolyte of the present application may further include a third lithium salt. The third lithium salt is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved. For example, the third lithium salt includes lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF) 6 ) Lithium hexafluoroantimonate (LiSbF) 6 ) Lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF) 6 ) Lithium perfluorobutylsulfonate (LiC) 4 F 9 SO 3 ) Lithium perchlorate (LiClO) 4 ) Lithium aluminate (LiAlO) 2 ) Lithium aluminum tetrachloride (LiAlCl) 4 ) Lithium bis (sulfonimide) (LiN (C) x F 2x+1 SO 2 )(C y F 2y+1 SO 2 ) Wherein x and y are each independently selected from at least one of natural numbers 0 to 6), lithium chloride (LiCl), lithium fluoride (LiF).
The electrolyte of the present application may further include a second non-aqueous organic solvent. The second non-aqueous organic solvent is not particularly limited in kind in the present application as long as the object of the present application can be achieved. For example, the second non-aqueous organic solvent may include an ether-based solvent, a sulfone-based solvent, or other organic solvents. The ether solvent may include at least one of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, or bis (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ether. The sulfone solvent may include at least one of ethyl vinyl sulfone, methyl isopropyl sulfone, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,2-dioxolane, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, isopropyl sec-butyl sulfone, or sulfolane. Other organic solvents may include at least one of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, formamide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, phosphate esters, propyl propionate, ethylene carbonate (also known as ethylene carbonate, abbreviated as EC), propylene carbonate (also known as propylene carbonate, abbreviated as PC), or diethyl carbonate (DEC). The second non-aqueous organic solvent is present in an amount of 5 to 90% by mass based on the mass of the electrolyte. For example, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, or any number between any two of the above numerical ranges.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an electrochemical device comprising an electrolyte as described in any one of the previous aspects. Therefore, the electrochemical device of the present application has good cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.
In the present application, the electrochemical device may further include a positive electrode, and the positive electrode generally includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode material layer, and in the present application, the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and may include, but is not limited to, an aluminum foil, an aluminum alloy foil, a composite current collector, or the like, for example. In the present application, the thickness of the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and is, for example, 8 μm to 12 μm. In the present application, the positive electrode material layer may be provided on one surface in the thickness direction of the positive electrode current collector, and may also be provided on both surfaces in the thickness direction of the positive electrode current collector. The "surface" herein may be the entire region of the positive electrode current collector or a partial region of the positive electrode current collector, and the present application is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved.
In the present application, the positive electrode active material is included in the positive electrode material layer, and the present application does not particularly limit the positive electrode active material as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and may include, for example, at least one of a complex oxide, sulfide, selenide, or halide of lithium or a transition metal element. The transition metal element is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved, and may include at least one of nickel, manganese, cobalt, or iron, for example. Specifically, the positive active material may include LiCoO 2 、LiNiO 2 、LiMnO 2 、LiMn 2 O 4 、Li(Ni a1 Co b1 Mn c1 )O 2 (0<a1<1,0<b1<1,0<c1<1,a1+b1+c1=1)、LiMn 2 O 4 LiNi 1-y1 Co y1 O 2 (0<y1<1)、LiCo l-y2 Mn y2 O 2 (0<y2<1)、LiNi l-y3 Mn y3 O 2 (0<y3<1)、Li(Ni a2 Mn b2 Co c2 )O 4 (0<a2<2,0<b2<2,0<c2<2,a2+b2+c2=2)、LiMn 2-z1 Ni z1 O 4 (0<z1<2)、LiMn 2- z2 Co z2 O 4 (0<z2<2)、Li(Ni a3 Co b3 Al c3 )O 2 (0<a3<1,0<b3<1,0<c3<1,a3+b3+c3=1)、LiCoPO 4 Or LiFePO 4 At least one of (a).
Alternatively, the positive electrode active material has a coating layer on the surface, and the compound of the coating layer is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and for example, the compound of the coating layer may be amorphous or crystalline, and the compound of the coating layer may include, but is not limited to, at least one of an oxide of the coating element, a hydroxide of the coating element, a oxyhydroxide of the coating element, an oxycarbonate of the coating element, or an oxycarbonate of the coating element. The coating element may include, but is not limited to, at least one of Mg, al, co, K, na, ca, si, ti, V, sn, ge, ga, B, as, or Zr. The method for preparing the coating layer is not particularly limited, and a method known in the art, such as a spraying method or a dipping method, may be used as long as the object of the present application can be achieved.
The positive electrode material layer may further include a positive electrode binder, and the present application has no particular limitation as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and may include, for example, but not limited to, at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene oxide-containing polymer, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, or nylon.
In the present application, the positive electrode material layer may further include a conductive agent, and the conductive agent is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and may include, for example, but not limited to, at least one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, conductive carbon black (Super P), carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), carbon fibers, flake graphite, ketjen black, graphene, a metal material, or a conductive polymer. The carbon nanotubes may include, but are not limited to, single-walled carbon nanotubes and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The carbon fibers may include, but are not limited to, vapor Grown Carbon Fibers (VGCF) and/or carbon nanofibers. The metal material may include, but is not limited to, metal powder and/or metal fiber, and specifically, the metal may include, but is not limited to, at least one of copper, nickel, aluminum, or silver. The above-mentioned conductive polymer may include, but is not limited to, at least one of polyphenylene derivatives, polyaniline, polythiophene, polyacetylene, or polypyrrole.
Optionally, the positive electrode may further include a conductive layer between the positive current collector and the positive material layer. The composition of the conductive layer is not particularly limited in the present application, and may be a conductive layer commonly used in the art, and may include, for example, but not limited to, the above-mentioned conductive agent and the above-mentioned positive electrode binder.
In the present application, the electrochemical device may further include a negative electrode, and the negative electrode generally includes a negative electrode current collector, and the present application does not particularly limit the negative electrode current collector as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and for example, may include, but is not limited to, a copper foil, a copper alloy foil, a nickel foil, a stainless steel foil, a titanium foil, a nickel foam, a copper foam, a composite current collector, or the like. In the present application, the thickness of the current collector of the negative electrode is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and is, for example, 4 to 12 μm. In the present application, the negative electrode material layer may be provided on one surface in the thickness direction of the negative electrode current collector, and may also be provided on both surfaces in the thickness direction of the negative electrode current collector. The "surface" herein may be the entire region of the negative electrode current collector or a partial region of the negative electrode current collector, and the present application is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved.
In the present application, the anode material layer includes an anode active material, wherein the anode active material is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and for example, may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a material that reversibly intercalates/deintercalates lithium ions, lithium metal, a lithium metal alloy, a material that can dope/dedope lithium, or a transition metal oxide.
The material that reversibly intercalates/deintercalates lithium ions may include, but is not limited to, carbon materials including crystalline carbon and/or amorphous carbon. Crystalline carbon may include, but is not limited to, amorphous or platy, platelet-shaped, spherical, or fibrous natural graphite, synthetic graphite, pyrolytic carbon, mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers, mesophase carbon microbeads, mesophase pitch, or high temperature calcined carbon (such as petroleum or coke derived from coal tar pitch). The amorphous carbon may include, but is not limited to, at least one of soft carbon, hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbonization products, or fired coke. The lithium metal alloy includes lithium and at least one metal of Na, K, rb, cs, fr, be, mg, ca, sr, si, sb, pb, in, zn, ba, ra, ge, al, or Sn. Materials capable of doping/dedoping lithium may include, but are not limited to, si, siO x (0<x is less than or equal to 2), si/C compound, si-Q alloy (wherein, Q comprises at least one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, 13-16 group element, transition element or rare earth element, but is not Si), sn, snO 2 Sn — C composite, sn — R (where R includes at least one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, group 13 to group 16 element, transition element, or rare earth element, but is not Sn), and the like. Q and R are each independently at least one of Mg, ca, sr, ba, ra, sc, Y, ti, zr, hf, rf, V, nb, ta, db, cr, mo, W, sg, tc, re, bh, fe, pb, ru, os, hs, rh, ir, pd, pt, cu, ag, au, zn, cd, B, al, ga, sn, in, tl, ge, P, as, sb, bi, S, se, te, or Po. The transition metal oxide may include, but is not limited to, vanadium oxide and/or lithium vanadium oxide.
In the present application, the negative electrode material layer may further include a conductive agent, and the conductive agent is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and may include, for example, but is not limited to, at least one of the above-described conductive agents.
In the present application, the negative electrode material layer may further include a negative electrode binder, and the present application is not particularly limited as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved, and for example, at least one of vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene oxide-containing polymer, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene-butadiene rubber, acryl-styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, or nylon may be included, but is not limited thereto.
Optionally, the negative electrode may further include a conductive layer between the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode material layer. The composition of the conductive layer is not particularly limited in the present application and may be a conductive layer commonly used in the art, and the conductive layer may include, but is not limited to, the above-mentioned conductive agent and the above-mentioned negative electrode binder.
The electrochemical device further comprises a diaphragm for separating the positive electrode from the negative electrode, preventing short circuit inside the lithium ion battery, allowing electrolyte ions to freely pass through, and completing the electrochemical charging and discharging process. The separator in the present application is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved. For example, at least one of a Polyolefin (PO) separator mainly composed of Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), a polyester film (for example, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film), a cellulose film, a polyimide film (PI), a polyamide film (PA), spandex, an aramid film, a woven film, a nonwoven film (nonwoven fabric), a microporous film, a composite film, a separator paper, a roll film, a spun film, and the like. For example, the separator may include a substrate layer and a surface treatment layer. The substrate layer may be a non-woven fabric, a film or a composite film having a porous structure, and the material of the substrate layer may include at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, and the like. Optionally, a polypropylene porous film, a polyethylene porous film, a polypropylene nonwoven fabric, a polyethylene nonwoven fabric, or a polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene porous composite film may be used. Optionally, a surface treatment layer is disposed on at least one surface of the substrate layer, and the surface treatment layer may be a polymer layer or an inorganic layer, or a layer formed by mixing a polymer and an inorganic substance. For example, the inorganic layer includes inorganic particles and a binder, and the inorganic particles are not particularly limited and may be, for example, at least one selected from alumina, silica, magnesia, titania, hafnia, tin oxide, ceria, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, zirconia, yttria, silicon carbide, boehmite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium sulfate, or the like. The binder is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, at least one selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyhexafluoropropylene. The polymer layer contains a polymer, and the material of the polymer comprises at least one of polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, acrylate polymer, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polyvinylidene fluoride, poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene), and the like.
The electrochemical device of the present application is not particularly limited, and may include any device in which electrochemical reactions occur. In some embodiments, the electrochemical device may include, but is not limited to: a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery (lithium ion battery), a lithium polymer secondary battery, a lithium ion polymer secondary battery, or the like.
The preparation process of the electrochemical device is well known to those skilled in the art, and the present application is not particularly limited, and for example, may include, but is not limited to, the following steps: stacking the anode, the diaphragm and the cathode in sequence, winding and folding the anode, the diaphragm and the cathode according to needs to obtain an electrode assembly with a winding structure, putting the electrode assembly into a packaging shell, injecting electrolyte into the packaging shell and sealing the packaging shell to obtain the electrochemical device; or, the positive electrode, the separator and the negative electrode are sequentially stacked, then four corners of the entire lamination are fixed with an adhesive tape to obtain an electrode assembly of the lamination, the electrode assembly is placed in a packaging case, and an electrolyte is injected into the packaging case and sealed to obtain the electrochemical device. In addition, an overcurrent prevention element, a guide plate, or the like may be placed in the package case as necessary to prevent a pressure rise and overcharge/discharge inside the electrochemical device.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising an electrochemical device as described in the second aspect of the present application. The electronic device has good cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.
The electronic device of the present application is not particularly limited, and may include, but is not limited to, the following categories: notebook computers, pen-input computers, mobile computers, electronic book players, cellular phones, portable facsimile machines, portable copiers, portable printers, head-mounted stereo headphones, video recorders, liquid crystal televisions, portable cleaners, portable CD players, mini-discs, transceivers, electronic notebooks, calculators, memory cards, portable recorders, radios, backup power supplies, motors, automobiles, motorcycles, mopeds, bicycles, lighting equipment, toys, game machines, clocks, electric tools, flashlights, cameras, large household batteries, and lithium ion capacitors.
An electrolyte, an electrochemical device and an electronic device including the same are provided, wherein the electrolyte includes a compound of formula (I-A). The electrolyte comprising the compound of the formula (I-A) is applied to an electrochemical device, so that a stable anode solid interface film can be formed on the surface of a positive electrode of the electrochemical device, and a stable cathode solid interface film can be formed on the surface of a negative electrode of the electrochemical device, and the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of the electrochemical device are effectively improved. An electronic device comprising the electrochemical device also has good high-temperature storage properties and cycle properties.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
Examples
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples. Various tests and evaluations were carried out according to the following methods.
Examples 1 to 1
< preparation of Positive electrode >
The positive electrode active material NCM811 (LiNi) 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 ) Mixing acetylene black serving as a conductive agent and polyvinylidene fluoride serving as a binder according to a mass ratio of 96. And uniformly coating the positive electrode slurry on one surface of an aluminum foil of a positive electrode current collector with the thickness of 12 mu m, and drying the aluminum foil at 120 ℃ for 1h to obtain the positive electrode with the single surface coated with the positive electrode material layer. And repeating the steps on the other surface of the aluminum foil to obtain the anode with the anode material layer coated on the two surfaces. Then the anode is dried for 1h under the vacuum condition of 120 ℃ after cold pressing, cutting and cutting, the specification of 74mm multiplied by 867mm is obtained, and the compaction density of the anode is 3.50g/cm 3 。
< preparation of negative electrode >
Mixing a negative electrode active material graphite, a binder styrene butadiene rubber and a thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) according to a mass ratio of 97.4. And uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on one surface of a copper foil of a negative electrode current collector with the thickness of 12 mu m, and drying the copper foil at 120 ℃ to obtain the negative electrode with the coating thickness of 130 mu m and the single surface coated with the negative electrode material layer. And repeating the steps on the other surface of the aluminum foil to obtain the cathode with the cathode material layer coated on the two surfaces. Then the mixture is dried for 1h under the vacuum condition of 120 ℃ after cold pressing, cutting into pieces and slitting, and the negative electrode with the specification of 76mm multiplied by 851mm is obtained, and the compaction density of the negative electrode is 1.80g/cm 3 。
< preparation of electrolyte solution >
At water content<In a 10ppm argon atmosphere glove box, EC, PC, DEC were mixed in a mass ratio of 30Adding a third lithium salt lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF) into the organic solvent 6 ) And a compound (I-1) of formula (I-A), to obtain an electrolyte. Wherein, liPF 6 Is 1mol/L, based on the mass of the electrolyte, the mass percentage content W of the compound of formula (I-A) I 0.1%, the balance being a third lithium salt and an organic solvent.
< preparation of separator >
Alumina was mixed with polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 90. The ceramic slurry was then uniformly coated on one side of a porous substrate (polyethylene, thickness 5 μm, porosity 39%) by a gravure coating method, and subjected to a drying treatment to obtain a two-layer structure of a ceramic coating layer and the porous substrate, the ceramic coating layer having a thickness of 3 μm.
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was mixed with polyacrylate in a mass ratio of 96. Then respectively and uniformly coating the polymer slurry on two surfaces of the double-layer structure of the ceramic coating and the porous substrate by adopting a micro-concave coating method, and drying to obtain the diaphragm, wherein the thickness of a single-layer coating formed by the polymer slurry is 2 mg/(50 multiplied by 100 mm) 2 )。
< preparation of lithium ion Battery >
And (3) stacking the prepared positive electrode, the diaphragm and the negative electrode in sequence, enabling the diaphragm to be positioned between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to play a role in isolation, and winding to obtain the electrode assembly. And (3) placing the electrode assembly in an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag, drying, injecting electrolyte, and performing vacuum packaging, standing, formation, degassing, edge cutting and other processes to obtain the lithium ion battery. The upper limit voltage of formation is 4.15V, the formation temperature is 70 ℃, and the formation standing time is 2h.
Examples 1-2 to examples 1-14
Except that the kind and mass% W of the compound of formula (I-A) were adjusted as shown in Table 1 I The procedure of example 1-1 was repeated except that the content of the organic solvent was changed.
Example 2-1 to example 2-7
The procedure was repeated as in example 1-1 except that the compound of the formula (II-A) was further added to < preparation of electrolyte solution > in accordance with the species and mass% shown in Table 2, and the content of the organic solvent was changed.
Example 3-1 to example 3-4
The procedure was repeated as in example 1-1, except that the first lithium salt was further added in the amount shown in Table 3 and the content of the organic solvent was changed as shown in < preparation of electrolyte solution >.
Example 4-1 to example 4-8
The procedure of example 1-1 was repeated, except that in < preparation of electrolyte solution > the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound was further added in accordance with the species and mass% shown in Table 4, and the content of the organic solvent was changed.
Example 5-1 to example 5-2
The procedure of example 1-1 was repeated, except that the contents of the compound of the formula (II-A), the first lithium salt, the thiooxy double bond compound and the organic solvent were further optionally changed in the following manner in the preparation of an electrolyte solution, in accordance with the kind and the content by mass shown in Table 5.
Example 6-1
< preparation of Positive electrode >
Mixing anode active material LCO (molecular formula is LiCoO) 2 ) The conductive carbon black, the conductive slurry and the binding agent polyvinylidene fluoride are fully stirred and mixed in a proper amount of NMP solvent according to the weight ratio of 97.9. And uniformly coating the positive electrode slurry on one surface of an aluminum foil of a positive electrode current collector with the thickness of 12 mu m, and drying the aluminum foil at 120 ℃ for 1h to obtain the positive electrode with the single surface coated with the positive electrode material layer. And repeating the steps on the other surface of the aluminum foil to obtain the anode with the anode material layer coated on the two surfaces. Then the anode is dried for 1h under the vacuum condition of 120 ℃ after cold pressing, cutting into pieces and cutting, and the anode with the specification of 74mm multiplied by 867mm is obtained, and the compaction density of the anode is 4.15g/cm 3 。
< preparation of electrolyte solution >
At water content<In a 10ppm argon atmosphere glove box, EC, PC, DEC, EP, propyl propionate were uniformly mixed at a mass ratio of 20 6 ) And a compound (I-1) of formula (I-A), to obtain an electrolyte. Wherein, liPF 6 Is 1mol/L, based on the mass of the electrolyte, the mass percentage content W of the compound of formula (I-A) I 0.1%, the balance being a third lithium salt and an organic solvent.
< preparation of negative electrode >, < preparation of separator > and < preparation of lithium ion battery > were the same as in example 1-1.
Example 6-2 to example 6-8
The procedure was repeated in the same manner as in example 6-1 except that the type and the content by mass of the polynitrile compound shown in Table 6 were changed in < preparation of electrolyte solution >.
Example 7-1 to example 7-7
The procedure was repeated in the same manner as in example 6-1 except that in < preparation of electrolyte solution > cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate were further added in accordance with the species and mass% shown in Table 7, and the content of organic solvent was changed.
Example 8-1 to example 8-6
The procedure was repeated as in example 6-1, except that the second lithium salt was further added in the amount shown in Table 8 and the content of the organic solvent was changed as shown in < preparation of electrolyte solution >.
Example 9-1 to example 9-4
The procedure of example 6-1 was repeated, except that a polynitrile compound, a second lithium salt and a thiooxy double bond compound were further optionally added in the amounts by mass shown in Table 9 in < preparation of electrolyte > and the content of the organic solvent was changed accordingly.
Comparative examples 1 to 2
Except that the kind and mass% W of the compound of formula (I-A) were adjusted as shown in Table 1 I The content of the organic solvent is changedThe procedure of example 1-1 was repeated except for changing the components.
The lithium ion batteries prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests according to the following test methods and equipment:
cycle capacity retention rate test:
the lithium ion battery was charged at 25 ℃ at 1C to 4.25V and at 4.25V to 0.05C at a constant voltage. And then discharging to 2.8V by using 4C current, and recording the capacity of the tested lithium ion battery as the first-turn capacity. And taking the charge-discharge process as a cycle, and performing cycle test for 800 circles, wherein the capacity of the lithium ion battery is recorded as the capacity after the cycle. Cycle capacity retention (%) = first-turn capacity/capacity after cycle × 100%.
And (3) testing the high-temperature storage performance:
lithium ion batteries prepared in each of examples and comparative examples in tables 1 to 5 were charged at 25 ℃ to 4.25V at a constant current of 0.5C and then charged at a constant voltage to a current of 0.05C, and the thickness of the lithium ion batteries was measured and designated as d 01 (ii) a The thickness of the lithium ion battery is tested after the lithium ion battery is placed in an oven at 85 ℃ for 6 hours and is recorded as d 1 . Thickness expansion rate (%) of lithium ion battery after 6h of 85 ℃ storage 1 -d 01 )/d 01 ×100%。
The lithium ion batteries prepared in the examples of tables 6 to 9 were charged at 25 ℃ to 4.45V at a constant current of 0.5C and then charged at a constant voltage to a current of 0.05C, and the thickness of the lithium ion batteries was measured and recorded as d 02 Testing the thickness of the lithium ion battery after the lithium ion battery is placed in an oven at 85 ℃ for 24 hours, and marking the thickness as d 2 . Thickness expansion rate (%) of lithium ion battery after storage for 24h at 85% 2 -d 02 )/d 02 X100%. Wherein, the test is stopped when the thickness expansion rate is more than 50%, and the thickness expansion rate "more than 50% in tables 6 to 9 means that the thickness expansion rate is more than 50% when the test time is less than 24h, and the test is stopped.
Testing the floating charge performance:
the lithium ion battery is discharged to 3.0V at 25 ℃ at 0.5C, charged to 4.45V at 0.5C, charged to 0.05C at constant voltage at 4.45V, tested for thickness and noted as d 03 Placing the mixture in a 45 ℃ ovenIn the middle, 4.45V constant voltage charging is carried out for 30 days, the thickness change is monitored, and the thickness is recorded as d 3 Thickness expansion rate (%) of lithium ion battery float charge = (d) 3 -d 03 )/d 03 X 100%, and stopping the test when the thickness expansion rate is more than 50%.
The preparation parameters and performance parameters of the respective examples and comparative examples are shown in tables 1 to 9:
TABLE 1
Note: the "\\" in Table 1 indicates no corresponding production or performance parameters. In table 1, "-" indicates that the number of cycles of the lithium ion batteries of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 in the cycle capacity retention rate test did not reach 800 cycles.
As can be seen from examples 1-1 to examples 1-9 and comparative example 1, the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery vary depending on the kind of the compound of formula (I-A). Lithium ion batteries containing compounds of formula (I-A) within the scope of the present application have better cycling performance and high temperature storage performance.
The mass percentage content W of the compound of the formula (I-A) I And also generally has an effect on cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery. As can be seen from examples 1-1, 1-10 to 1-14 and comparative example 2, the mass percentage W of the compound of formula (I-A) I The lithium ion battery in the range of the application has better cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.
TABLE 2
Note: the "\\" in Table 2 indicates no corresponding production or performance parameters.
The kind and mass percentage content W of the compound of formula (II-A) II And W I /W II The value of (a) also generally has an effect on the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery. As can be seen from examples 1-1, 2-1 to 2-7, the kind and mass% W of the compound of the formula (II-A) II And W I /W II The lithium ion battery with the value in the range has good cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.
TABLE 3
Note: the "\\" in Table 3 indicates no corresponding production or performance parameters.
The kind and mass percentage content W of the first lithium salt L1 And also generally have an effect on cycle performance and high temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery. As can be seen from examples 1-1, 3-1 to 3-4, the kind and mass% W of the first lithium salt L1 The lithium ion battery in the range of the application has good cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.
TABLE 4
Note: the "\\" in Table 4 indicates no corresponding production or performance parameters.
Kinds and mass percentage contents W of sulfur-oxygen double bond compounds S And W I /W S The value of (a) also generally has an effect on the cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery. As can be seen from examples 1-1 and 4-1 to 4-8, the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound was present in the same type and in a same amount as W S And W I /W S The lithium ion battery with the value in the range has good cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance.
TABLE 5
Note: the "\\" in table 5 indicates no corresponding preparation parameters.
The compound of formula (I-a), optionally in combination with at least two of the compound of formula (II-a), the first lithium salt or the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound, has an effect on the cycle performance and float charge performance of the lithium ion battery. As can be seen from examples 1-1, 5-1 and 5-2, the compound of formula (I-A) has good compatibility and superposability with the compound of formula (II-A), the first lithium salt or the thiooxy-sulfur double bond compound, and the lithium ion batteries obtained by using the compound in combination all have good cycle performance and float charge performance.
TABLE 6
Note: the "\\" in Table 6 indicates no corresponding production or performance parameters.
The kind and mass percentage content W of the polynitrile compound D And generally has an impact on the high-temperature storage performance and the float charge performance of the lithium ion battery. As can be seen from examples 6-1 to 6-8, the kinds and mass percentages W of the polynitrile compounds D The lithium ion battery in the range of the application has good high-temperature storage performance and floating charge performance.
TABLE 7
Note: the "\\" in Table 7 indicates no corresponding production or performance parameters.
The kind and mass percentage content W of the first non-aqueous organic solvent H The mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the chain carbonate and the mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the carboxylic ester generally also contribute to the cycle performance and high-temperature storage of the lithium ion batteryPerformance is affected. As can be seen from examples 6-1, 7-1 to 7-7, the kind and mass% W of the first nonaqueous organic solvent H The lithium ion battery with the mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the chain carbonate and the mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the carboxylic ester within the range has good cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance. As can be seen from examples 7-1 to 7-5, the first nonaqueous organic solvent is contained in an amount W in percentage by mass H The lithium ion battery in the preferable range of the application has better cycle performance.
TABLE 8
Note: the "\\" in Table 8 indicates no corresponding production or performance parameters.
The kind and mass percentage content W of the second lithium salt L2 And also generally has an effect on the cycle performance, the float charge performance, and the high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery. As can be seen from examples 6-1, 8-1 to 8-6, the kind and mass% W of the second lithium salt L2 The lithium ion battery in the range has good cycle performance, floating charge performance and high-temperature storage performance. Examples 8-1 to 8-6 especially have better cycle performance than example 6-1.
TABLE 9
Note: the "\\" in Table 9 indicates no corresponding production or performance parameters.
The compound of formula (I-a) is optionally used in combination with at least two of a sulfur-oxygen double bond compound, a polynitrile compound, or a second lithium salt, and affects cycle performance, float charge performance, and high temperature storage performance of a lithium ion battery. As can be seen from examples 6-1, 9-1 to 9-4, the compound of formula (I-A) has good compatibility and superimposability with a thioredoxin bond compound, a polynitrile compound or a second lithium salt, and the lithium ion batteries obtained by using the compounds in combination all have good high-temperature storage performance and floating charge performance.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (24)
1. An electrolyte comprising a compound of formula (I-a):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A 1 selected from the subunits of formula (I-B), formula (I-C) or formula (I-D):
x and Y are each independently selected from a subunit of formula (I-E), a subunit of formula (I-F), a subunit of formula (I-G), or a subunit of formula (I-H):
R 12 and R 17 Each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkenyl of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 To C 10 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 To C 10 Alicyclic hydrocarbon group of (1), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 Lipoheterocyclic group of (A), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atoms;
R 11 、R 13 、R 14 、R 15 、R 16 、R 18 and R 19 Each independently selected from the group consisting of a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkenylene group of (1), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkynylene of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 6 To C 10 Arylene of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 3 To C 10 Alicyclic hydrocarbon group of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 A substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 10 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atoms;
the heteroatoms in the aliphatic heterocyclic group, the aromatic heterocyclic group, the alkenylene heterocyclic group, and the arylene heterocyclic group each independently comprise N, S or O.
3. the electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I-a) is present in an amount W based on the mass of the electrolyte I Is 0.01 to 5 percent.
4. The electrolyte of claim 3, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a compound of formula (II-A):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
R 21 and R 22 Each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 5 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 5 Alkenyl of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 5 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from a halogen atom or a methyl group, R 21 And R 22 A closed loop structure may be constructed.
6. the electrolyte of claim 4, wherein the electrolyte meets at least one of the following (a) or (b):
(a) The mass percentage content W of the compound of the formula (II-A) based on the mass of the electrolyte II From 0.05% to 3%;
(b) The mass percentage content W of the compound of the formula (I-A) based on the mass of the electrolyte I And the mass percentage content W of the compound of the formula (II-A) II Satisfies the following conditions: w is more than 0 I /W II ≤10。
7. The electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a first lithium salt comprising at least one of lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorobis-oxalato-phosphate, or lithium tetrafluorooxalato-phosphate.
8. The electrolyte of claim 7, wherein the mass percent W of the first lithium salt is based on the mass of the electrolyte L1 Is 0.1% to 1%.
9. The electrolyte of claim 3, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a sulfur-oxygen double bond compound comprising a compound of formula (III-A):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A 3 any one selected from the group consisting of the subunit of formula (III-B), the subunit of formula (III-C), the subunit of formula (III-D), the subunit of formula (III-E), the subunit of formula (III-F), the subunit of formula (III-G), the subunit of formula (III-H), and the subunit of formula (III-I):
R 31 and R 32 Each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 5 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkenyl of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 10 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 To C 10 An alicyclic group of (A), substituted or unsubstituted C 6 To C 10 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Lipoheterocyclic group of (A), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Aryl heterocyclic group of (1), substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 3 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atom, C 1 To C 3 Alkyl of (C) 2 To C 3 Alkenyl or C of 2 To C 3 Alkynyl of R 31 And R 32 A closed loop structure can be formed;
the heteroatoms in the aliphatic heterocyclic group and the aromatic heterocyclic group each independently comprise N, S or O.
12. the electrolyte of claim 9, wherein the electrolyte satisfies at least one of the following (c) or (d):
(c) Based on the mass of the electrolyte, the mass percentage content W of the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound S From 0.01% to 10%;
(d) The mass percentage content W of the compound of the formula (I-A) based on the mass of the electrolyte I And the sulfur-oxygen double bond compound is W S Satisfies the following conditions: w is more than 0 I /W S ≤1。
14. the electrolyte of claim 13, wherein the polynitrile compound is present in a mass percent W based on the mass of the electrolyte D Is 0.3 to 10 percent.
15. The electrolyte of claim 1, further comprising a first non-aqueous organic solvent comprising at least one of a cyclic carbonate, a chain carbonate, or a carboxylic ester.
16. The electrolyte of claim 15, wherein the cyclic carbonate comprises Sup>A compound of formulSup>A (IV-Sup>A):
wherein R is 4 Selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 6 Alkenylene, when substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atom, C 1 To C 6 Alkyl or C 2 To C 6 An alkenyl group.
18. the electrolyte of claim 15,
the chain carbonate comprises at least one of dimethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, fluoromethyl methyl carbonate, bis (fluoromethyl) carbonate, difluoromethyl methyl carbonate, ethyl (fluoromethyl) carbonate, difluoromethyl ethyl carbonate, 2-fluoroethyl methyl carbonate, 2-fluoroethyl (fluoromethyl) carbonate, 2,2-difluoroethyl methyl carbonate, 2,2-difluoroethyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ethyl carbonate, ethyl 2-fluoroethyl carbonate, bis (2-fluoroethyl) carbonate, 2,2-difluoroethyl (2-fluoroethyl) carbonate, bis (2,2-difluoroethyl) carbonate, bis (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate or ethylpropyl carbonate;
the carboxylic acid ester comprises at least one of methyl formate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate or 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate.
19. The electrolyte of claim 15, wherein the electrolyte satisfies at least one of the following (e) to (g):
(e) The mass percentage content W of the cyclic carbonate based on the mass of the electrolyte H From 0.01% to 30%;
(f) The mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the chain carbonate is (10-60) to 40;
(g) The mass ratio of the cyclic carbonate to the carboxylic ester is (10-60) to (20-60).
20. The electrolyte of claim 3, wherein the electrolyte further comprises Sup>A second lithium salt comprising Sup>A compound of formulSup>A (V-A):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A 51 、A 52 、A 53 and A 54 Each independently selected from a halogen atom, a group of formula (V-B), a group of formula (V-C) or a group of formula (V-D), A 51 、A 52 、A 53 And A 54 Wherein two adjacent groups may form a closed ring structure:
o in the two binding sites of the group of formula (V-C) is linked to B, k is 0 or 1;
R 51 and R 53 Each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 6 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atoms;
R 52 selected from substituted or unsubstituted C 1 To C 6 Alkylene of (a), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 To C 6 When substituted, each substituent is independently selected from halogen atoms.
21. The electrolyte of claim 20, wherein the compound of formulSup>A (V-Sup>A) comprises at least one of lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium dioxalate borate, or lithium difluorooxalate borate.
22. According to the rightThe electrolyte of claim 20, wherein the second lithium salt comprises W, in mass percent, based on the mass of the electrolyte L2 Is 0.1% to 2%.
23. An electrochemical device comprising the electrolyte of any one of claims 1 to 22.
24. An electronic device comprising the electrochemical device of claim 23.
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