CN115435559B - Grain drier with horizontal roller coupled with microwaves - Google Patents
Grain drier with horizontal roller coupled with microwaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN115435559B CN115435559B CN202211039089.3A CN202211039089A CN115435559B CN 115435559 B CN115435559 B CN 115435559B CN 202211039089 A CN202211039089 A CN 202211039089A CN 115435559 B CN115435559 B CN 115435559B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 59
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/16—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly closed, e.g. drum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grain dryer with a horizontal roller coupled with microwaves, which comprises a roller, a rotating mechanism for driving the roller to rotate and a microwave emission component which is arranged in the roller and extends along the flow direction of materials; the centrifugal fan assembly is arranged on the side wall of the roller, and the shoveling plate assembly is arranged on the side wall of the roller; the shoveling plate assembly comprises a plurality of groups of shoveling plate structures which are axially arranged along the roller, and the plurality of groups of shoveling plate structures are periodically arranged in the roller; each group of shoveling plate structures comprises 6-8 shoveling plates which are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the shoveling plates in the adjacent groups of shoveling plate structures are arranged in a staggered manner; the first shoveling plate is in a right trapezoid shape, the second shoveling plate is in a parallelogram shape, the long side of the parallelogram-shaped second shoveling plate is connected with the right-angle side of the right trapezoid-shaped first shoveling plate, and the bevel side of the first shoveling plate is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the roller; in the shoveling plate assembly, the opening directions of all the shoveling plates are consistent and consistent with the rotation direction of the roller; the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate is arranged on one side close to the feeding port of the roller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grain dryer with a horizontal roller coupled with microwaves.
Background
The existing grain drying technology in China mainly comprises packed bed drying, materials in the drying process are filled in a drying chamber or a drying channel, air flow takes away surface moisture when passing through gaps between grains, and particularly comprises a plurality of drying modes such as fixed bed ventilation, cross flow ventilation, mixed flow ventilation, forward and backward ventilation and the like, and the air flow gradually reduces the temperature and simultaneously increases the humidity in the process of passing through a material layer, so that the capability of carrying moisture is gradually reduced, the drying speed of materials firstly contacted with air is faster than that of materials later contacted with air, the problem of uneven drying is caused, and meanwhile, uniform ventilation is also a difficult problem in traditional hot air drying, and meanwhile, the drying uniformity is affected. In addition, hot air drying is a drying process driven by the difference of moisture gradients in grain kernels, and the diffusion of moisture from a high concentration area to a low concentration area is a basic mechanism of traditional ventilation drying, but the moisture gradients can affect the stress distribution in the kernels, and excessive moisture gradients can cause the difference of internal stress to be larger than the yield limit, so that cracks and popping (in the case of rice) are caused, and the subsequent processing and eating quality are affected. Therefore, for traditional hot air drying, the maintenance of grain quality and the rapid drying are both difficult problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a grain dryer with a horizontal roller coupled with microwaves, which can not only improve the uniformity of a grain heating and drying process, but also effectively avoid the occurrence of excessive moisture gradient in grains, thereby reducing the formation of cracks and popping waists in the grains during heating and drying.
The technical scheme is as follows: the grain dryer with the horizontal roller coupled with microwaves comprises a roller, a rotating mechanism for driving the roller to rotate and a microwave emission component which is arranged in the roller and extends along the material flow direction; the centrifugal fan assembly is arranged on the side wall of the roller, and the shoveling plate assembly is arranged on the side wall of the roller; the shoveling plate assembly comprises a plurality of groups of shoveling plate structures which are axially arranged along the roller, and the plurality of groups of shoveling plate structures are periodically arranged in the roller; each group of shoveling plate structures comprises 6-8 shoveling plates which are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the shoveling plates in the adjacent groups of shoveling plate structures are arranged in a staggered manner; the first shoveling plate is in a right trapezoid shape, the second shoveling plate is in a parallelogram shape, the long side of the parallelogram-shaped second shoveling plate is connected with the right-angle side of the right trapezoid-shaped first shoveling plate, and the bevel side of the first shoveling plate is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the roller; in the shoveling plate assembly, the opening directions of all the shoveling plates are consistent and consistent with the rotation direction of the roller; the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate is arranged on one side close to the feeding port of the roller.
The grain dryer with the horizontal roller coupled with microwaves has the following another implementation scheme: the microwave oven comprises a roller, a rotating mechanism driving the roller to rotate and a microwave emission component which is arranged in the roller and extends along the material flow direction; the roller is formed by splicing a plurality of roller units, each roller unit consists of an annular cylinder wall and shoveling plates arranged in the cylinder wall, 6-8 shoveling plates are uniformly distributed in the cylinder wall of each roller unit along the circumference, and the shoveling plates in adjacent roller units are arranged in a staggered manner; the first shoveling plate is in a right trapezoid shape, the second shoveling plate is in a parallelogram shape, the long side of the parallelogram-shaped second shoveling plate is connected with the right-angle side of the right trapezoid-shaped first shoveling plate, and the bevel side of the first shoveling plate is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the roller; in the shoveling plate assembly, the opening directions of all the shoveling plates are consistent and consistent with the rotation direction of the roller; the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate is arranged on one side close to the feeding port of the roller.
Wherein the difference in length between the upper bottom edge and the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate is 12-18 cm, preferably 15cm. The length difference is used for enabling the shoveling plate to incline towards the direction of the discharge opening, so that grain seeds are pushed to move towards the direction of the discharge opening in the grain lifting process, the moving speed of the grain seeds towards the discharge opening can be influenced by the length difference of the upper bottom edge and the lower bottom edge, when the length difference of the upper bottom edge and the lower bottom edge is 15cm, the speed of the grain materials moving from the feeding end to the discharging section is proper, the grain seeds can have a certain residence time at the bottom to eliminate the moisture gradient in the grain, and the grain seeds can be fully dried under the synergistic effect of hot air and microwaves; when the grain material is more than 18cm, the grain material is lifted too frequently, so that the moisture gradient in the grains is not eliminated by utilizing the residence time at the bottom, and when the grain material is less than 12cm, the grain lifting frequency is too low, and the drying efficiency is poor.
Wherein the included angle between the first shoveling plate and the second shoveling plate is 120-130 degrees, preferably 120 degrees. The included angle between the first shoveling plate and the second shoveling plate is 120 degrees, so that grain seeds can be lifted to a position close to the rolling top and then slowly fall down, the time of the grain seeds in a dispersed state is prolonged, and the drying effect of the grain seeds is improved. The length ratio of the width of the upper bottom edge of the first shoveling plate to the width of the parallelogram of the second shoveling plate is 2-2.5: 1, preferably 2:1, the length ratio can cooperate with the length difference of the upper bottom edge and the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate to ensure that grains are slowly pushed to the side (the direction of the discharge opening) of the material collecting barrel while being sufficiently lifted.
The device comprises a roller, a collecting barrel, a bearing structure, a discharging opening, an air outlet and an air inlet, wherein the roller is rotatably connected with the collecting barrel; the device also comprises a feeding mechanism connected with the feeding port of the roller and a discharging mechanism connected with the discharging port of the collecting barrel.
The centrifugal fan assembly comprises a centrifugal fan I for providing negative pressure for the inner cavity of the roller and a centrifugal fan II for radiating heat for the microwave emission assembly; the centrifugal fan I is connected with an air outlet of the aggregate barrel through an air guide pipe, and a grid plate is arranged at the air outlet; and the centrifugal fan II is connected with an air inlet of the collecting barrel through an air expansion pipe.
Wherein, for the cylinder with the capacity of 5 tons, the air volume of the centrifugal fan I is 5000-8000 m 3/h, the air volume of the centrifugal fan II is 1000-2000 m 3/h, preferably the air volume of the centrifugal fan I is 5000m 3/h, and the air volume of the centrifugal fan II is 1000m 3/h.
The rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a gear ring sleeved on the cylinder and a gear, wherein the driving end of the motor is fixedly connected with the gear, and the gear is meshed with the gear ring sleeved on the cylinder.
The microwave emission assembly comprises a shell erected in the roller, and the end part of one side of the shell, which is far away from the feeding port of the roller, is fixed on the inner side wall of the collecting barrel; the shell comprises two mounting plates, an included angle between the two mounting plates is an obtuse angle, the two mounting plates are fixed on the cover plate, and the two mounting plates and the cover plate enclose a mounting channel; along the axial direction of the roller, a plurality of magnetrons are arranged on each mounting plate at equal intervals, an outer cover of the transmitting end of each magnetron is provided with an arc punching plate, sealing plates are arranged at two ends of each arc punching plate, the arc punching plates and the two mounting plates are provided with dense hole structures in the areas between the corresponding mounting magnetrons, and air fed by the centrifugal fan II is fed into the mounting channel through an air inlet on the material collecting barrel.
The included angle between the two mounting plates is 120-160 degrees, so that microwaves can be distributed more uniformly in the roller, and meanwhile, the occupied space of the microwave assembly in the roller is saved.
Wherein, the cylinder feed inlet is located microwave emission subassembly top, and feed mechanism feeds in the cylinder through the guide hopper that inclines with the plane that the feed inlet is located, and the angle of inclination is 45 ~ 60.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable effects: according to the invention, the horizontal roller is coupled with microwaves, on one hand, the non-thermal drying effect of the microwaves can be utilized, moisture in the materials can be quickly and outwards migrated to the surface of the grain under the condition of lower temperature and is taken away by air flow after evaporation, on the other hand, the shoveling plate with a specific structure in the roller can enable the materials to be in a scattering state in a drying chamber and slowly move towards a discharge end under the action of the angle of a scattering blade, the grain is in the scattering state, so that the uniformity of heating and drying of the grain materials by the microwaves can be improved, and the grain is hardly dried by the microwaves in the process of being re-lifted from the air to the bottom of the roller, so that the moisture in the grain is as gentle and uniform as possible, and cracks and waist burst caused by overlarge moisture gradient in the grain are effectively avoided; the conventional rectangular shoveling plate cannot realize the full lifting of grain materials in the roller (the rectangular shoveling plate can only realize the stir-frying of the materials, but cannot realize the full lifting of the materials, if the materials cannot be lifted fully, grains cannot be uniformly heated by microwaves, moisture on the surface cannot be taken away by air flow in time, and meanwhile, the full tempering in the falling process cannot be realized), so that the dryer provided by the invention realizes the high-quality, rapid and efficient drying of grains through the synergistic effect of scattering materials on the roller, drying by microwaves and dehumidifying by convection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dryer of example 1;
fig. 2 is a front view of the dryer of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the dryer of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the drum of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a plurality of sets of handsheet structures in a drum in a periodic arrangement;
FIG. 6 is a side view of each set of handsheet structures;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of each set of the shoveling plate structures;
FIG. 8 is a side view of the drum;
FIG. 9 is a side view of a shoveling plate;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the shoveling plate;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a microwave launch assembly;
Fig. 12 is a front view of a microwave launch assembly;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of a microwave radiating assembly;
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the dryer of example 2;
Fig. 15 is a front view of the dryer of example 2;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of a drum according to embodiment 2;
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the drum unit;
FIG. 18 is a side view of a shoe within the drum unit;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the structure of the shoe plate in the drum unit;
FIG. 20 is a side view of the drum;
FIG. 21 is a side view of a shoveling plate;
Fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of the shoe plate.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the grain dryer with the horizontal roller coupled with microwaves comprises a roller 5, a rotating mechanism for driving the roller 5 to rotate and a microwave emission component 14 which is arranged in the roller 5 and extends along the material flow direction; the invention also comprises a centrifugal fan assembly and a shoveling plate assembly 51 arranged on the side wall of the roller 5; the shoveling plate assembly 51 comprises a plurality of groups of shoveling plate structures 52 which are axially arranged along the roller 5, and the plurality of groups of shoveling plate structures 52 are periodically arranged in the roller 5; each set of shoveling plate structures 52 comprises eight shoveling plates 53 which are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the shoveling plates 53 with an included angle of 120 degrees can enable grain materials to be in a scattering state in the roller 5 when being lifted, so that the uniformity of heating and drying of the grain materials by microwaves is improved, the shoveling plates 53 in the adjacent sets of shoveling plate structures 52 are arranged in a staggered manner, every two adjacent sets of shoveling plate structures 52 are arranged in a staggered manner by 15 degrees, and the shoveling of the grain materials in the roller 5 can be more uniform due to the staggered arrangement of the two adjacent sets of shoveling plate structures 52, and no drying dead angle exists; the shoveling plate 53 comprises a first shoveling plate 503 and a second shoveling plate 504 which are arranged at an included angle of 120 degrees, the first shoveling plate 503 is in a right trapezoid shape, the second shoveling plate 504 is in a parallelogram shape, the long side of the second shoveling plate 504 in the parallelogram shape is connected with the right-angle side of the first shoveling plate 503 in the right trapezoid shape, and the hypotenuse of the first shoveling plate 503 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the roller 5; in the shoe assembly 51, the opening directions of all the shoes 53 are identical to each other and to the rotation direction of the drum 5; the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate 503 is arranged at one side close to the feeding port of the roller 5; the difference in length between the upper bottom edge and the lower bottom edge of the first sheet 503 was 15cm, and the length ratio of the width of the upper bottom edge of the first sheet 503 to the width of the parallelogram of the second sheet 504 was 2:1. the shoveling plate 53 is formed by folding a polygonal flat plate with a special shape, an included angle between two folded planes is 120 degrees, one side of a folding line is trapezoidal, the other side of the folding line is parallelogram, two ends of a short side of the parallelogram form a slope after the shoveling plate 53 is arranged on the roller 5, and grains are driven to slowly move towards a discharge end while being lifted in the roller 5 by the slope. The grain materials are scattered from the top after being held up by the shoveling plate in the roller 5, the grain materials in the scattering process and a small amount of grain materials piled at the bottom of the roller 5 are heated and dried by microwaves, and the water evaporated from the surface of the grain seeds is discharged out of the roller 5 through air flow driven by the centrifugal fan I8 under negative pressure.
The grain dryer with the horizontal roller coupled with microwaves further comprises a collecting barrel 6 rotationally connected with the roller 5, wherein the collecting barrel 6 is sleeved at one side end part of the roller 5, the collecting barrel 6 is rotationally connected with the roller 5 through a bearing structure, and a discharge opening, an air outlet and an air inlet are formed in the collecting barrel 6; the collecting barrel 6 does not rotate along with the roller 5 and is sleeved outside the left end part of the roller 5; the invention also comprises a feeding mechanism connected with the feeding port of the roller 5 and a discharging mechanism connected with the discharging port of the collecting barrel 6.
The centrifugal fan assembly comprises a centrifugal fan I8 for providing negative pressure for the inner cavity of the roller 5 and a centrifugal fan II7 for radiating heat for the microwave emission assembly; the centrifugal fan I8 is connected with an air outlet of the aggregate barrel 6 through an air guide pipe 9, and a grid plate is arranged at the air outlet; the centrifugal fan II7 is connected with an air inlet of the aggregate barrel 6 through an air expansion pipe 13. For a drum 5 with a capacity of 5 tons, the air volume of the centrifugal fan I8 is 5000m 3/h, and the air volume of the centrifugal fan II7 is 1000m 3/h.
The rotating mechanism comprises a motor 15, a gear ring 3 sleeved on the roller and a gear assembly, wherein the gear assembly comprises two groups of gear sets 4 respectively arranged at two sides of the roller 5, the driving end of the motor 15 is fixedly connected with one of the gear sets 4, and the gear sets 4 are meshed with the gear ring 3 sleeved on the roller 5. The rotation of the motor 15 drives the gear set 4 to rotate, so that the roller 5 with the gear ring 3 is driven to rotate.
The microwave emission component 14 comprises a shell 16 erected in the roller 5, wherein one side end part of the shell 16 far away from a feed inlet of the roller 5 is fixed on the inner side wall of the collecting barrel 6; the housing 5 comprises two mounting plates 1404, an included angle between the two mounting plates 1404 is an obtuse angle, the two mounting plates 1404 are fixed on the cover plate 1402, and the two mounting plates 1404 and the cover plate 1402 enclose a mounting channel 1405; along the axial direction of the roller, a plurality of magnetrons 1401 are arranged on each mounting plate 1404 at equal intervals, an arc-shaped punching plate 1406 is covered on the outer cover of the emitting end of each magnetron 1401, sealing plates 1403 are arranged at the two ends of each arc-shaped punching plate 1406, dense hole structures are arranged in the areas between the corresponding mounting plates 1401 of each arc-shaped punching plate 1406 and the corresponding mounting plates 1404, air blown in by a centrifugal fan II7 is sent into a mounting channel 1405 through an air inlet, and the radian of each arc-shaped punching plate 1406 is 180 degrees. The structure of the microwave emitting assembly 14 of the invention can effectively save the occupied space in the roller 5 on one hand and can uniformly distribute microwaves in the roller 5 on the other hand.
The magnetrons 1401 are arranged on the corresponding wall surfaces of the two mounting plates 1404 in two rows in an equidistant and aligned mode, the angle between the two mounting plates 1404 is 120-160 degrees, the arc-shaped punching plates 1406, the mounting plates 1404 and the sealing plates 1403 jointly form a waveguide channel, microwaves generated by the magnetrons 1401 are transmitted from dense small holes on the arc-shaped punching plates 1406 and are directly emitted to the grain materials scattered in the roller 5 or emitted to the grain materials piled at the bottom after being reflected by the wall surface of the roller 5, and the grain materials are heated and dried. The two mounting plates 1404 are provided with dense hole structures in the area between the corresponding mounting magnetrons 1401, the area is positioned between the two rows of magnetrons 1401, the two mounting plates 1404 and the housing 1402 jointly enclose a mounting channel 1405, the mounting channel 1405 simultaneously plays a role in concentrating and radiating the magnetrons 1401 by introducing cold air, the cold air is blown in by the centrifugal fan II7 and enters the mounting channel 1405 through the air expansion pipe 13, and heat after radiating and cooling the magnetrons 1401 is transferred out of dense holes of the mounting plate 1405 and enters the roller 5, so that the full utilization of cooling heat of the magnetrons 1401 is realized, the energy waste is avoided, and the energy utilization rate of the system is improved. In addition, the feed inlet of the roller 5 is positioned above the microwave emission component 14, the microwave emission component 14 is positioned on the right side of the middle part of the roller 5, two emission cambered surfaces of the microwave emission component 14 respectively correspond to the upper left area and the lower left area of the roller 5, and the feed mechanism feeds the roller 5 through the guide hopper 2 obliquely arranged on the plane where the feed inlet is positioned, and the oblique angle is 45 degrees.
The operation process of the dryer comprises the following steps: in the loading stage, the materials are loaded into the grain materials from a feeding hopper 10 of a lifting machine 11, enter the rotary drum 5 through the horizontal conveyor 1 and the guide hopper 2, and gradually convey wet materials into the drum 5 until reaching the full loading requirement. In the drying stage, the microwave emission component 14, the centrifugal fan II7 and the large centrifugal fan I8 are started, grains enter the collecting barrel 6 at the tail end of the roller 5 and then enter the lifting machine 11 through the screw conveyor at the bottom of the collecting barrel, the grains enter the rotary roller 5 through the grain flow direction controller 12, the horizontal conveyor 1 and the guide hopper 2 after passing through the lifting machine 11, the internal circulation is performed until the moisture of the grains is reduced to an expected value, the microwave emission component 14, the centrifugal fan I8 and the centrifugal fan II7 are closed, the discharging stage is performed, the discharging process is performed, the motor 15 continuously drives the gear 4 to rotate, the rotary drum 5 is continuously rotated through the gear ring 3, the grains enter the collecting barrel 6, are conveyed into the bottom of the lifting machine 11 through the screw conveyor arranged at the bottom of the collecting barrel, and then enter the grain flow direction controller 12 after being lifted, and the grain flow direction is adjusted to be discharged from the discharging pipe. The centrifugal fan I8 discharges the high humidity air in the drum 5 to the atmosphere from the air outlet 16 by negative pressure.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 14 to 22, the grain dryer with horizontal roller coupling microwave according to the present invention comprises a roller 5, a rotating mechanism for driving the roller 5 to rotate, and a microwave emitting assembly 14 disposed in the roller 5 and extending in the material flow direction; the roller 5 is formed by welding and splicing a plurality of roller units 505, each roller unit 505 is composed of an annular cylinder wall 501 and shoveling plates 53 arranged in the cylinder wall 501, eight shoveling plates 53 are uniformly distributed in the cylinder wall 501 of each roller unit 505 along the circumference, the shoveling plates 53 in the adjacent roller units 505 are arranged in a 15-degree staggered mode, each shoveling plate 53 comprises a first shoveling plate 503 and a second shoveling plate 504 which are arranged at an included angle of 120 degrees, the first shoveling plate 503 is in a right trapezoid shape, the second shoveling plate 504 is in a parallelogram shape, the long side of the second shoveling plate 504 which is in the parallelogram shape is connected with the right-angle side of the first shoveling plate 503 in the right trapezoid shape, and the bevel side of the first shoveling plate 503 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the roller 5; in the drum 5, the opening directions of all the shoveling plates 53 are identical and identical to the rotation direction of the drum 5; the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate 503 is arranged at one side close to the feeding port of the roller 5; the difference in length between the upper bottom edge and the lower bottom edge of the first sheet 503 was 15cm, and the length ratio of the width of the upper bottom edge of the first sheet 503 to the width of the parallelogram of the second sheet 504 was 2:1. the other structure of the dryer of example 2 is the same as that of example 1, and the working process is the same as that of example 1.
Claims (5)
1. A grain drier of horizontal roller coupling microwave, its characterized in that: comprises a roller (5), a rotating mechanism for driving the roller (5) to rotate and a microwave emission component (14) which is arranged in the roller (5) and extends along the material flow direction; the centrifugal fan assembly is also included, and the shoveling plate assembly (51) is arranged on the side wall of the roller (5); the shoveling plate assembly (51) comprises a plurality of groups of shoveling plate structures (52) which are axially arranged along the roller (5), and the plurality of groups of shoveling plate structures (52) are periodically arranged in the roller (5); each group of shoveling plate structures (52) comprises 6-8 shoveling plates (53) which are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the shoveling plates (53) in the adjacent groups of shoveling plate structures (52) are arranged in a staggered manner; the shoveling plate (53) comprises a first shoveling plate (503) and a second shoveling plate (504) which are arranged at an included angle of more than 90 degrees, the first shoveling plate (503) is in a right trapezoid shape, the second shoveling plate (504) is in a parallelogram shape, the long side of the second shoveling plate (504) which is in the parallelogram shape is connected with the right-angle side of the first shoveling plate (503) which is in the right trapezoid shape, and the hypotenuse of the first shoveling plate (503) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the roller (5); in the shoveling plate assembly (51), the opening directions of all the shoveling plates (53) are consistent and consistent with the rotation direction of the roller (5); the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate (503) is arranged at one side close to the feed inlet of the roller (5);
Wherein the difference between the length of the upper bottom edge and the length of the lower bottom edge of the first shoveling plate (503) is 15cm;
Wherein the included angle between the first shoveling plate (503) and the second shoveling plate (504) is 120 degrees; the length ratio of the upper bottom edge of the first shoveling plate (503) to the corresponding width of the parallelogram of the second shoveling plate (504) is 2:1, a step of;
The centrifugal fan assembly comprises a centrifugal fan I (8) for providing negative pressure for the inner cavity of the roller (5) and a centrifugal fan II (7) for radiating heat of the microwave emission assembly; the centrifugal fan I (8) is connected with an air outlet of the collecting barrel (6) through an air guiding pipe (9), and a grid plate is arranged at the air outlet; the centrifugal fan II (7) is connected with an air inlet of the aggregate barrel (6) through an air expansion pipe (13);
The microwave emission assembly (14) comprises a shell (16) erected in the roller (5), and one side end part of the shell (16) far away from a feed inlet of the roller (5) is fixed on the inner side wall of the collecting barrel (6); the shell (16) comprises two mounting plates (1404), an included angle between the two mounting plates (1404) is an obtuse angle, the two mounting plates (1404) are fixed on the cover plate (1402), and the two mounting plates (1404) and the cover plate (1402) enclose a mounting channel (1405); along the axial direction of the roller, a plurality of magnetrons (1401) are arranged on each mounting plate (1404) at equal intervals, an outer cover of the transmitting end of each magnetron (1401) is provided with an arc punching plate (1406), sealing plates (1403) are arranged at two ends of each arc punching plate (1406), the arc punching plates (1406) and the two mounting plates (1404) are provided with dense hole structures in the areas between the corresponding mounting magnetrons (1401), and air blown in by a centrifugal fan II (7) is sent into a mounting channel (1405) through an air inlet on a collecting barrel (6).
2. The horizontal drum coupled microwave grain dryer of claim 1, wherein: the automatic feeding device is characterized by further comprising a collecting barrel (6) rotationally connected with the roller (5), wherein the collecting barrel (6) is sleeved at one side end part of the roller (5), the collecting barrel (6) is rotationally connected with the roller (5) through a bearing structure, and a discharge opening, an air outlet and an air inlet are formed in the collecting barrel (6); the device also comprises a feeding mechanism connected with the feeding port of the roller (5) and a discharging mechanism connected with the discharging port of the collecting barrel (6).
3. The horizontal drum coupled microwave grain dryer of claim 1, wherein: for a roller (5) with the capacity of five tons, the air quantity of a centrifugal fan I (8) is 5000-8000 m 3/h, and the air quantity of a centrifugal fan II (7) is 1000-2000 m 3/h.
4. The horizontal drum coupled microwave grain dryer of claim 1, wherein: the rotating mechanism comprises a motor (15), a gear ring (3) sleeved on the roller (5) and a gear (4), wherein the driving end of the motor (15) is fixedly connected with the gear (4), and the gear (4) is meshed with the gear ring (3) sleeved on the roller (5).
5. The horizontal drum coupled microwave grain dryer of claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the two mounting plates (1404) is 120-160 degrees.
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| CN115435559A (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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