CN115435061A

CN115435061A - Reduction gear, transaxle and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN115435061A
Application number: CN202211148169.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯涛; 刘天宝; 史成淼
Original assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-20
Filing date: 2022-09-20
Publication date: 2022-12-06

Abstract

The invention relates to a retarder, a drive axle and a vehicle, the retarder comprising: the planetary gear set comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, a planet carrier and a gear ring, wherein the sun gear is driven by external power to rotate around a first axis; the driving bevel gear is arranged on the outer surface of the gear ring to revolve around a first axis, and can rotate around a second axis relative to the gear ring, wherein the second axis is vertical to the first axis; and the driven bevel gear can rotate around the first axis and is meshed with the driving bevel gear. The rotating speed and the torque received by the sun gear are reduced by the planet gear, the gear ring, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear together, and then the rotating speed and the torque can be transmitted and output to wheels through the driven bevel gear. Meanwhile, the driving bevel gears are arranged in a matched mode through the two driven bevel gears to replace a differential mechanism, the rotating speed difference of wheels on two sides of the vehicle is automatically adjusted, and the normal running of the vehicle is guaranteed.

Description

Reduction gear, transaxle and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a speed reducer, a drive axle and a vehicle.

Background

A transaxle is a mechanism located at the end of the vehicle's drive train for changing the rotational speed and torque from the vehicle's powertrain and transmitting them to the drive wheels. The drive axle is generally composed of a wheel reduction gear, a differential, a half shaft and the like, and the rotating speed and the torque generated by a power system of the vehicle are transmitted to the wheel reduction gear through the half shaft after being split by the differential, and are finally transmitted to wheels after being reduced by the wheel reduction gear.

In a conventional layout structure of a drive axle, a differential is usually arranged in a middle position, and two hub reducers are respectively installed at hub positions at two ends of the drive axle, so that the rotating speed and the torque after the differential is divided are reduced through the two hub reducers, and the reduced rotating speed and the reduced torque are transmitted to corresponding wheels.

In the layout structure of the traditional drive axle, because two wheel reducers are adopted to reduce the rotating speed and the torque, the weight and the cost of the drive axle can be greatly increased, and the drive axle is not favorable for being developed towards the direction of light weight and high efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a reduction gear, a drive axle and a vehicle that improve the above-described drawbacks, in view of the problem that two reduction gears increase the weight and cost of the drive axle.

A decelerator, comprising:

the planetary gear set comprises a sun gear, a planetary carrier and a gear ring, wherein the sun gear is driven by external power to rotate around the first axis, the planetary carrier is fixed on an external structure, and the gear ring rotates around the first axis along with the sun gear through the planetary gear mounted on the planetary carrier;

the driving bevel gear is arranged on the outer surface of the gear ring to revolve around the first axis, and can rotate around a second axis relative to the gear ring, and the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis;

a driven bevel gear rotatable about the first axis and intermeshing with the drive bevel gear

In one embodiment, the number of the driven bevel gears is two, and the two driven bevel gears are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the driving bevel gear and are meshed with the driving bevel gear.

In one embodiment, the reducer further comprises two transmission gears capable of rotating around the first axis, the two transmission gears are correspondingly connected with the two driven bevel gears respectively, and each transmission gear rotates around the first axis along with the corresponding driven bevel gear.

In one embodiment, the sun gear includes a shaft body having the first axis as an axis, and a sun gear mounted or formed on the shaft body and engaged with the planetary gears, the shaft body being in driving connection with the external power.

In one embodiment, the number of the planetary carriers is two, and the two planetary carriers are sleeved on the shaft body and symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the driving bevel gear;

the two transmission bevel gears are respectively sleeved on the two planet carriers.

In one embodiment, the drive bevel gear includes a plurality of drive bevel gears, all of the drive bevel gears are spaced around the first axis, and the driven bevel gear is engaged with all of the drive bevel gears.

A transaxle including a reducer as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.

In one embodiment, the number of the driven bevel gears is two, and the two driven bevel gears are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the driving bevel gear around the second axis and are meshed with the driving bevel gear.

The drive axle comprises two half shafts, and the two half shafts are respectively connected with the two driven bevel gears in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

In one embodiment, the reducer further comprises two transmission gears which can rotate around the first axis, and the two transmission gears are fixedly connected with the two driven bevel gears respectively;

the drive axle further comprises two half-shaft gears, the two half-shaft gears are respectively arranged on the two half shafts, and each half-shaft gear is meshed with one of the transmission gears.

A vehicle comprising a drive axle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.

The power that the power supply produced can the direct drive sun gear and rotate, and the rotational speed and the torque that the sun gear received carry out first speed reduction on transmitting the ring gear through the planet wheel, and the ring gear is again with rotational speed and moment of torsion through the initiative bevel gear on transmitting driven bevel gear, carry out the second and say the speed reduction, can also carry out the differential reposition of redundant personnel through initiative bevel gear and two driven bevel gears simultaneously, guarantee that the inconsistent reduction gear of rotational speed of two driven bevel gears also can normally work. And finally, the driven bevel gear transmits power to the half shaft through the transmission gear and the half shaft gear to perform third speed reduction, and then the half shaft drives the wheels to rotate. Through above-mentioned multichannel speed reduction, the rotational speed that the power supply produced and moment of torsion can fully transmit to the wheel after slowing down on to replace traditional wheel reduction gear and traditional differential mechanism, only need in the transaxle install above-mentioned a reduction gear can, the part quantity in the transaxle that has significantly reduced, so that the transaxle develops towards lightweight and efficient direction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drive axle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reducer of a drive axle in the embodiment of fig. 1.

A speed reducer 100; a half shaft 200; a side gear 201; a motor 202;

a planetary gear set 10; a sun gear 11; a planet wheel 12; a carrier 13; a ring gear 14; a shaft body 15; a sun gear 16;

a drive bevel gear 20; a first bearing 21; a second bearing 22;

a driven bevel gear 30; a first axis 31; a second axis 32; a transmission gear 33.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are for purposes of illustration only and do not denote a single embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drive axle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the drive axle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a reducer 100 and two half-shafts 200, each drivingly connected to the reducer 100.

The retarder 100 is adapted to receive rotational speed and torque from the vehicle powertrain to retard the rotational speed and torque transmitted by the powertrain and to split the decelerated rotational speed and torque to the two half-shafts 200. The two half shafts 200 are respectively used for connecting with two wheels at two ends of a drive axle, and the rotating speed and the torque reduced and shunted by the speed reducer 100 are directly transmitted to the two wheels through the transmission of the two half shafts 200 so as to drive the wheels.

In order to enable the reduction gear 100 to simultaneously perform speed reduction and speed division, the reduction gear 100 includes a planetary gear set 10, a drive bevel gear 20, and a driven bevel gear 30. The planetary gear set 10 comprises a sun gear 11, planet gears 12, a planet carrier 13 and a ring gear 14, the sun gear 11 being rotatable about a first axis 31, the sun gear 11 being in driving connection with the vehicle's driveline to receive rotational speed and torque to drive the planet gears 12 and the ring gear 14 in rotation. The carrier 13 is fixed to an external structure, which may be a housing of the speed reducer 100 or a drive axle housing, so that the carrier 13 does not rotate relative to the sun gear 11. Therefore, the position of the planet wheels 12 relative to the sun wheel 11 is also fixed, the planet wheels 12 do not revolve relative to the sun wheel 11, but the sun wheel 11 drives the planet wheels 12 to rotate, and the rotating planet wheels 12 drive the gear ring 14 to rotate around the sun wheel 11.

The drive bevel gear 20 is mounted on an outer surface of the ring gear 14, and the drive bevel gear 20 revolves around the first axis 31 along with the ring gear 14 when the ring gear 14 rotates with the sun gear 11. The drive bevel gear 20 is also able to rotate on the ring gear 14 about a second axis 32, the second axis 32 being perpendicular to the first axis 31. The driven bevel gear 30 is in transmission connection with one of the half shafts 200 and is rotatable around the first axis 31, and is engaged with the drive bevel gear 20, when the gear ring 14 drives the drive bevel gear 20 to rotate around the first axis 31, the drive bevel gear 20 drives the driven bevel gear 30 to rotate around the first axis 31, so that the rotating speed and the torque received by the sun gear 11 are reduced through the planet gears 12, the gear ring 14, the drive bevel gear 20 and the driven bevel gear 30, and then transmitted to the half shaft 200 through the driven bevel gear 30, and finally the reduced rotating speed and the reduced torque are output to wheels through the half shaft 200.

Alternatively, the drive bevel gear 20 is of a gear shaft configuration, and it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the drive bevel gear 20 may be of a gear plus mounting shaft configuration.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to provide the rotation speed and the torque to both the half shafts 200, the driven bevel gears 30 are also two, the two driven bevel gears 30 are respectively in transmission connection with the two half shafts 200, and each driven bevel gear 30 is engaged with the drive bevel gear 20, so that the rotation speed and the torque received by the sun gear 11 are uniformly transmitted to the wheels on both the half shafts 200 after being reduced.

The driven bevel gears 30 are disposed at opposite sides of the drive bevel gear 20 in pairs and are engaged with the drive bevel gear 20, and when the vehicle travels normally, the rotational speeds of wheels at both sides of the vehicle are the same, and the drive bevel gear 20 only revolves to drive the two driven bevel gears 30 to rotate around the first axis 31 at the same rotational speed.

When the rotational speeds of the wheels on the two sides of the vehicle are inconsistent during the use process of the vehicle such as turning, the rotational speeds of the two driven bevel gears 30 respectively connected with the two wheels are inconsistent, and at the moment, the driving bevel gear 20 can rotate around the second axis 32 during revolution to adjust the rotational speed difference between the two driven bevel gears 30.

So, two driven bevel gears 30 cooperation set up drive bevel gear 20 alright in order to replace the differential mechanism, the rotational speed difference of the wheel of automatic adjustment vehicle both sides, that is to say, above-mentioned reduction gear 100 has not only inherited two wheel reduction gear 100's function in a reduction gear 100, also inherit traditional differential mechanism function in above-mentioned reduction gear 100 simultaneously, the transaxle only need set up above-mentioned reduction gear 100 alright with the function of accomplishing differential mechanism and two wheel reduction gear 100 in the traditional transaxle, the part quantity in the transaxle has significantly reduced, be favorable to the transaxle to develop towards lightweight and efficient direction.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to input power to the sun gear 11, the sun gear 11 includes a shaft body 15 and a sun gear 16, the shaft body 15 has the first axis 31 as an axis, and the sun gear 16 is mounted on the shaft body 15. In practical use, the shaft body 15 is in transmission connection with external power so as to drive the shaft body 15 to rotate through the external power, and the shaft body 15 will drive the sun gear 16 and the planet gears 12 to rotate and finally transmit the rotation to the axle shaft 200 through the ring gear 14, the driven bevel gear 30 and the like.

It is understood that in other embodiments, the sun gear 11 may also be a gear shaft, i.e., the sun gear 16 is directly formed on the shaft body 15, so as to reduce the number of parts of the sun gear 11, and thus reduce the number of steps for mounting the sun gear 11.

In some embodiments, the shaft body 15 of the sun gear 11 may be used to support other components of the speed reducer 100 besides being used to input power to the planetary gear. In a preferred embodiment, the planet carrier 13 is mounted on the shaft body 15 through a first bearing 21 to provide support for the planet carrier 13 through the shaft body 15. Meanwhile, a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the planet carrier 13, the planet carrier 13 can be fixedly connected with a housing of the speed reducer 100 or a housing of the drive axle through the plurality of threaded holes, and the shaft body 15 can rotate relative to the planet carrier 13 through the first bearing 21.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to transmit the power received by the driven bevel gear 30 to the half shaft 200, two transmission gears 33 capable of rotating around the first axis 31 are further included on the speed reducer 100, and the two transmission gears 33 are respectively connected to the two driven bevel gears 30, so that each transmission gear 33 can rotate around the first axis 31 along with the corresponding driven bevel gear 30, that is, the rotation speed and the torque received by the driven bevel gear 30 can be transmitted to the transmission gear 33.

Further, the drive axle further comprises two side gears 201, the two side gears 201 are respectively mounted on the two half shafts 200, each side gear 201 is meshed with one of the transmission gears 33, so as to drive the transmission gear 33 through the driven bevel gear 30, and then drive the half shafts 200 to rotate through the transmission gear 33, thereby transmitting the rotating speed and the torque to the wheels.

In some embodiments, each driven bevel gear 30 is sleeved on a corresponding transmission gear 33, and the outer surface or tooth surface of the transmission gear 33 and the inner hole or end surface of the driven bevel gear 30 are welded to each other, so that the driven bevel gear 30 and the corresponding transmission gear 33 can be fixedly connected to each other, and the driven bevel gear 30 can drive the transmission gear 33 to rotate around the first axis 31 together, so as to transmit the rotation speed and the torque to the driven gear 33 through the driven bevel gear 30.

In the embodiment, the planet carrier 13 also includes two planets, both of which are sleeved on the shaft body 15 and symmetrically disposed on opposite sides, i.e., left and right sides in fig. 2, of the drive bevel gear 20. Fixing the planet wheel 12 through the two planet carriers 13 can improve the stability of the planet wheel 12 in rotation, reduce the play and improve the transmission efficiency of the planet wheel 12. Further, the two planet carriers 13 can also support the two transmission gears 33 and the two drive bevel gears 20, the two transmission gears 33 are respectively sleeved on the two planet carriers 13, and the second bearing 22 is arranged between the transmission gear 33 and the planet carrier 13, so that each planet carrier 13 can support the transmission gear 33, and the rotation of the transmission gear 33 cannot influence the planet carrier 13 through the second bearing 22.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the transmission efficiency and smoothness between the drive bevel gear 20 and the driven bevel gears 30, the drive bevel gear 20 includes a plurality of drive bevel gears 20, the plurality of drive bevel gears 20 are spaced around the first axis 31 on the ring gear 14, and each driven bevel gear 30 can be engaged with all the drive bevel gears 20, so that the ring gear 14 can drive the two driven bevel gears 30 to rotate together through the plurality of drive bevel gears 20 when rotating, and the process of transmitting power from the ring gear 14 to the driven bevel gears 30 is smoother, and the transmission efficiency is better.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, including a drive axle as in any of the above embodiments. The power that this vehicle power supply produced can the direct drive sun gear 11 rotate, the rotational speed and the torque that sun gear 11 received carry out first speed reduction on transmitting ring gear 14 through planet wheel 12, ring gear 14 again with rotational speed and torque through drive bevel gear 20 transmit to driven bevel gear 30 on, carry out the second speed reduction, simultaneously can also carry out the differential reposition of redundant personnel through drive bevel gear 20 and two driven bevel gear 30, guarantee that the inconsistent reduction gear 100 of the rotational speed of two driven bevel gear 30 also can normally work. Finally, the driven bevel gear 30 transmits power to the axle shaft 200 through the transmission gear 33 and the side gear 201, performs a third speed reduction, and drives the wheels to rotate through the axle shaft 200. Through above-mentioned multichannel speed reduction, rotational speed and the moment of torsion that the power supply produced can fully reduce the speed and transmit to the wheel again on to replace traditional wheel reduction 100 and traditional differential mechanism, only need in the transaxle install above-mentioned a reduction gear 100 can, the part quantity in the transaxle has significantly reduced, so that the transaxle develops towards lightweight and efficient direction.

In some embodiments, the vehicle is an electric vehicle, and the two motors 202 are used as power sources of the vehicle, so that the two power sources can be respectively disposed at two ends of the shaft body 15 of the sun gear 11 and are respectively connected to two ends of the shaft body 15, and no other transmission system is needed, and the power of the motors 202 can be directly transmitted to the sun gear 11, thereby greatly improving the transmission efficiency of the vehicle power.

Further, for the above-mentioned drive axle, because the drive axle only needs the middle part to set up a reduction gear 100, both can accomplish two wheel reduction gears 100 and differential's in the traditional drive axle function, for this reason the space of reduction gear 100 both sides alright vacate for the placing of two motors 202, so both can be convenient for motor 202 and the tip of axis body 15 to link to each other, can increase the utilization ratio in drive axle place space again.

The speed reducer at least has the following advantages:

the power generated by the power source of the vehicle can directly drive the sun gear 11 to rotate, the rotating speed and the torque received by the sun gear 11 are transmitted to the gear ring 14 through the planet gear 12 to perform first speed reduction, the gear ring 14 transmits the rotating speed and the torque to the driven bevel gear 30 through the driving bevel gear 20 to perform second speed reduction, the driven bevel gear 30 transmits the power to the half shaft 200 through the transmission gear 33 and the half shaft gear 201 to perform third speed reduction, and then the half shaft 200 drives the wheels to rotate. Through the multiple deceleration, the rotating speed and the torque generated by the power source can be fully decelerated and then transmitted to the wheels, so that the traditional two wheel-side reducers 100 are replaced, and only one reducer 100 is arranged in the drive axle.

Further, a differential mechanism can be formed by the driving bevel gear 20 and the two driven bevel gears 30, so that the reducer 100 with inconsistent rotation speeds of the two driven bevel gears 30 can work normally. So, can also replace the differential gear through above-mentioned differential gear, the rotational speed difference of the wheel of automatic adjustment vehicle both sides, that is to say, above-mentioned reduction gear 100 has not only inherited two wheel reduction gear 100's function in a reduction gear 100, also has inherited traditional differential gear function in above-mentioned reduction gear 100 simultaneously, the transaxle only need set up above-mentioned reduction gear 100 alright accomplish differential gear and two wheel reduction gear 100's in the traditional transaxle function, the part quantity in the transaxle has significantly reduced, be favorable to the transaxle to develop towards lightweight and efficient direction.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A decelerator, characterized by comprising:

a planetary gear set (10) comprising a sun gear (11), planet gears (12), a planet carrier (13) and a ring gear (14), wherein the sun gear (11) is driven by external power to rotate around a first axis (31), the planet carrier (13) is fixed on an external structure, and the ring gear (14) rotates around the first axis (31) along with the sun gear (11) through the planet gears (12) arranged on the planet carrier (13);

a drive bevel gear (20) mounted on an outer surface of the ring gear (14) to revolve around the first axis (31), the drive bevel gear (20) being further capable of rotating around a second axis (32) with respect to the ring gear (14), the second axis (32) being perpendicular to the first axis (31);

a driven bevel gear (30) rotatable about the first axis (31) and intermeshed with the drive bevel gear (20).

2. A decelerator according to claim 1, wherein the driven bevel gear (30) includes two, and two of the driven bevel gears (30) are symmetrically disposed at opposite sides of the drive bevel gear (20) and are engaged with the drive bevel gear (20).

3. A reducer according to claim 2, further comprising two drive gears (33) each rotatable about the first axis (31), the two drive gears (33) being respectively associated with two driven bevel gears (30), each drive gear (33) being rotatable about the first axis (31) in response to the corresponding driven bevel gear (30).

4. A reducer according to claim 3, in which the sun gear (11) comprises a shaft (15) and a sun gear (16), the shaft (15) having the first axis (31) as its axis, the sun gear (16) being mounted or formed on the shaft (15) and being in engagement with the planet gears (12), the shaft (15) being in driving connection with the external power.

5. The reducer according to claim 4, wherein the number of the planetary carriers (13) is two, and the two planetary carriers (13) are sleeved on the shaft body (15) and symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the drive bevel gear (20);

the two driven bevel gears (30) are respectively sleeved on the two planet carriers (13).

6. A reducer according to claim 1, in which the drive bevel gears (20) comprise a plurality, all of the drive bevel gears (20) being spaced about the first axis (31), the driven bevel gear (30) being intermeshed with all of the drive bevel gears (20).

7. A transaxle comprising a reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The transaxle of claim 7 wherein the driven bevel gears (30) comprise two, two driven bevel gears (30) symmetrically disposed about the second axis (32) on opposite sides of the drive bevel gear (20) and each intermeshed with the drive bevel gear (20);

the drive axle comprises two half shafts (200), and the two half shafts (200) are respectively connected with the two driven bevel gears (30) in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

9. The transaxle of claim 8 wherein the speed reducer further comprises two drive gears (33) rotatable about the first axis (31), the two drive gears (33) being fixedly connected to the two driven bevel gears (30), respectively;

the drive axle further comprises two side gears (201), the two side gears (201) are respectively arranged on the two half shafts (200), and each side gear (201) is meshed with one of the transmission gears (33).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a drive axle according to any one of claims 7-9.