CN115434666B - Sand flushing and leakage blocking integrated underground drilling tool and use method thereof - Google Patents
Sand flushing and leakage blocking integrated underground drilling tool and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115434666B CN115434666B CN202211011937.XA CN202211011937A CN115434666B CN 115434666 B CN115434666 B CN 115434666B CN 202211011937 A CN202211011937 A CN 202211011937A CN 115434666 B CN115434666 B CN 115434666B
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- sliding sleeve
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
- E21B34/142—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools unsupported or free-falling elements, e.g. balls, plugs, darts or pistons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
- E21B21/103—Down-hole by-pass valve arrangements, i.e. between the inside of the drill string and the annulus
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
- E21B2200/06—Sleeve valves
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling engineering, in particular to a sand washing and plugging integrated underground drilling tool and a use method thereof, wherein the sand washing and plugging integrated underground drilling tool comprises a sphere, a sand washing joint and a ball falling short joint; the sand washing joint comprises a sand washing joint body and a sand washing hole; the sand washing joint body is internally provided with a lining, an upper sliding sleeve, a lower sliding sleeve and an elastic mechanism; the bushing is provided with a first through hole; the upper sliding sleeve is provided with second through holes which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction; an upper ball seat, a support ring and a lower ball seat are further arranged in the upper sliding sleeve from top to bottom in sequence, and a third through hole is formed in the support ring; the upper ball seat and the lower ball seat are elastic bodies with deformable inner diameters, and the inner diameter of the upper ball seat is larger than that of the lower ball seat; the upper ball seat and the lower ball seat can control the sliding sleeve to slide so as to control the opening and closing of different working states of the drilling tool. By the aid of the drilling tool and the use method thereof, the problem that two working states of double-flow-passage bypass sand washing and pure bypass flow passage plugging cannot be switched randomly as required can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling engineering, in particular to a sand washing and plugging integrated underground drilling tool and a use method thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous promotion of shale gas exploration and development, the number of long horizontal section horizontal wells with the horizontal section exceeding 1500 meters in a Chongqing district is greatly increased, the horizontal section length is increasingly longer, the mechanical drilling speed is increasingly faster, the equipment level in the prior art can not well solve the rock debris migration problem of the long horizontal section horizontal well, the problem of insufficient borehole cleaning of the long horizontal section horizontal well is caused, so that the drilling safety is seriously influenced, and the engineering delay cost is increased. Meanwhile, in the subsequent working procedure, the insufficient cleaning of the well bore can also cause the problems of difficult well logging tool running, difficult well cementation with a casing, poor well cementation quality and the like. Meanwhile, the shale gas has different degrees of leakage in the drilling process of most shale gas, and serious lost circulation can lead to the reduction of pressure in the well, so that the problems of influencing normal drilling, causing instability of the well wall, inducing corresponding well control risks and the like are caused.
The prior method for cleaning the rock debris bed mainly comprises the following steps: the circulating return speed of drilling fluid in the annular space can be improved by increasing the discharge capacity of the drilling pump, so that the return rate of rock debris is improved. However, the method is easy to cause the problem of well wall stability, and has higher requirements on downhole tools such as screws and the like. The performance of the drilling fluid can be improved, and the rock carrying capacity of the drilling fluid is improved. The cuttings bed may also be cleaned mechanically, including methods that employ ribs of special construction to cause disturbances to the cuttings bed. For example, in the prior art, a chinese patent document with publication number CN208106339U and date of grant notice of 2018, 11, 16 is proposed. There is also a method for cleaning rock debris by direct jet flushing, for example, in the prior art, chinese patent document with publication number CN202882806U and date of grant publication No. 2013, 04, 17 is proposed. These two mechanical methods have limited cleaning effect on the cuttings bed.
Aiming at the lost circulation problem, in order to protect the underground instrument tool, the plugging is mainly carried out by adopting a method of pumping plugging materials into a drill stem after tripping, and the efficiency is lower and the cost is higher.
In the prior art, a Chinese patent document with publication number of CN107227942A and publication date of 2017, 10 and 03 is proposed to solve the above technical problems, and the technical scheme disclosed in the patent document is as follows: the plugging short-circuiting device while drilling comprises an outer barrel, a lower connector, a mandrel, a sliding sleeve, an upper oblique toothed ring, an upper spring, a lower oblique toothed ring and a lower spring, wherein the inner side of the lower part of the outer barrel is fixedly arranged with the outer side of the upper part of the lower connector; the sliding sleeve comprises an upper connecting sleeve, a middle connecting sleeve and a lower connecting sleeve which are sequentially connected together from top to bottom.
In the practical use process, the following problems can occur:
(1) In any operation process of drilling, plugging and bypass circulation, an operation control ball is always arranged on the ball seat ring platform, so that a main shaft channel in a drilling tool cannot be directly communicated, on one hand, a drilling flow channel is reduced, pressure drop is large, even the large-displacement circulation requirement of normal drilling operation is influenced, and on the other hand, related underground instruments cannot be lowered into a tool to influence the operation;
(2) In the technical scheme, the sliding sleeve moves to drive the upper spring and the lower spring to simultaneously compress and move, and in the sliding sleeve descending process, the limiting release of the lower bevel gear ring to the upper bevel gear ring cannot be realized in practice, because the upper spring and the lower spring have pretightening force when the sliding sleeve descends, the moving distance of the upper bevel gear ring and the lower bevel gear ring is nearly consistent, and therefore, the separation and the limiting release of the upper bevel gear ring and the lower bevel gear ring are difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the sand-flushing and leakage-blocking integrated underground drilling tool and the use method thereof, which can effectively solve the problem that two working states of double-flow bypass sand flushing and pure bypass flow channel leakage blocking can not be switched randomly as required in underground, and simultaneously realize the rapid switching between special operation and normal drilling operation.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a sand washing leaking stoppage integration drilling tool in pit which characterized in that: the sand washing joint comprises at least one sphere, a sand washing joint and a ball falling short joint, wherein the sand washing joint and the ball falling short joint are connected, and a flow passage which is communicated is arranged in the middle of the sand washing joint and the ball falling short joint; the sand washing connector comprises a sand washing connector body and a sand washing hole positioned on the sand washing connector body; the sand washing joint body is internally provided with a lining, a sliding sleeve and an elastic mechanism; the bushing is provided with a first through hole communicated with the sand washing hole; the sliding sleeve comprises an upper sliding sleeve and a lower sliding sleeve which are in threaded connection, the upper sliding sleeve is positioned in the bushing, a first annular space for installing an elastic mechanism is formed between the lower sliding sleeve and the sand washing joint body, and second through holes which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction are formed in the upper sliding sleeve; an upper ball seat, a supporting ring and a lower ball seat are further arranged in the upper sliding sleeve from top to bottom in sequence, the upper ball seat and the lower ball seat are elastic bodies with deformable inner diameters, and the inner diameter of the upper ball seat is larger than that of the lower ball seat; the ball body comprises a first ball body and a second ball body, wherein the outer diameter of the first ball body is larger than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat and smaller than the inner diameters of the upper ball seat and the lower ball seat after the maximum deformation; the outer diameter of the second ball body is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat, larger than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat and smaller than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat after the maximum deformation; third through holes which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction and communicated with the second through holes are formed in the support ring; the first ball body and the second ball body are used for being thrown into a drilling tool and matched with the upper ball seat and the lower ball seat, the sliding sleeve is controlled to slide up and down, the first through hole and the second through hole are communicated or separated, and finally fluid in the drilling tool is sprayed out through the sand-punching holes or/and flows out from a runner in the drilling tool.
A second annular space is formed between the bushing and the sand washing joint body, and the first through hole is communicated with the sand washing hole through the second annular space.
The small-diameter section is arranged on the sand washing joint body, and the diameter of the small-diameter section is smaller than that of the sand washing joint body; at least one layer of winged terrace is arranged on the small-diameter section; each layer of rib terrace comprises four ribs, the inclination directions of the ribs are the same and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the sand washing joint body, and each rib comprises two adjacently arranged large-diameter high-side ribs and two adjacently arranged small-diameter low-side ribs.
The wing edge stand is provided with two layers, and the inclination directions of the wing ribs in the upper layer of wing edge stand and the lower layer of wing edge stand are opposite.
The lining is connected with the sand washing joint body through the locating pin, and the outer surface of the upper sliding sleeve is provided with irregularly and symmetrically distributed W-shaped grooves, and the sliding sleeve slides up and down to drive the W-shaped grooves to rotate along the locating pin.
The W-shaped groove comprises a plurality of groups of grooves which are sequentially connected, and each group of grooves comprises a first lower groove, a first upper groove, a second lower groove and a second upper groove which are sequentially communicated.
The sand washing joint body is also provided with 4 first positioning holes which are radially and symmetrically distributed, and the positioning pins are arranged on the first positioning holes; the bushing is provided with a second positioning hole matched with the first positioning hole.
The ball falling short joint comprises an upper joint, a ball falling short joint body, a ball loading inner cylinder and a bottom supporting ring; the ball-loading inner cylinder is hollow.
Sealing elements for sealing are respectively arranged between the lining and the sand washing joint body, between the lining and the upper sliding sleeve and between the upper sliding sleeve and the supporting ring.
The application method of the sand washing and leakage blocking integrated underground drilling tool is characterized by comprising the following steps of: judging whether special operation is needed according to the situation, if not, continuingContinuing normal drilling operation, if yes, entering step S 1 ；
S 1 Starting a double-runner bypass sand washing mode:
at this time, the locating pin is located at the end point of the first lower groove; a first ball is thrown into the drilling tool, falls into the drilling tool and is set on the upper ball seat; due to the sealing effect, the pressure pushes the sliding sleeve to slide downwards to compress the elastic mechanism, the sliding sleeve rotates in the sliding process, the positioning pin is positioned at the end point of the first upper groove and starts to hold pressure until the upper ball seat is deformed, the first ball passes through the deformed upper ball seat and falls into the lower ball seat, and similarly, after the first ball continues to hold pressure on the lower ball seat, the lower ball seat is deformed, and the first ball passes through the lower ball seat; the first ball falls into the ball falling short circuit; the sliding sleeve rebounds under the action of the elastic force of the elastic mechanism, the sliding sleeve rotates in the upward sliding process, the positioning pin is positioned at the end point of the second lower groove, and at the moment, the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole; at the moment, after the drilling fluid enters the drilling tool, the drilling fluid flows downwards in the drilling tool through the runner for circulation and can be sprayed out through the sand washing holes at the same time;
S 2 Judging whether a pure bypass flow channel plugging mode needs to be entered, if so, entering a step S3 and then entering a step S 4 If not, directly enter step S 4 ；
S 3 Opening a pure bypass flow passage plugging mode:
putting a second ball into the drilling tool from the wellhead again, wherein the second ball is directly located on the lower ball seat, and closing a flow passage in the drilling tool; drilling fluid can only pass through the third through hole, the second through hole and the first through hole in sequence and finally is sprayed out of the sand washing hole;
S 4 closing special operation, and converting into normal drilling operation:
putting a first ball into the drilling tool from the wellhead again, setting the first ball on the upper ball seat, pushing the sliding sleeve to slide downwards to compress the elastic mechanism due to the sealing effect, rotating the sliding sleeve in the sliding process, and when the positioning pin is positioned at the end point of the second upper groove, starting to hold down the upper ball seat by the first ball, wherein after the upper ball seat is deformed, the first ball passes through the deformed upper ball seatThe ball seat falls down and falls into the lower ball seat; similarly, the first ball falls after passing through the deformed tee, or the first ball presses the tee and the step S 3 The second sphere of the first group falls down together, the sliding sleeve slides upwards and rotates under the action of the elasticity of the elastic mechanism, and the positioning pin is positioned at the end point of the first lower groove of the next group of grooves; the special operation is closed, and the drilling fluid can only flow downwards in the drilling tool through the runner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a multipurpose integrated drilling tool which is arranged underground, can be used for flushing and cleaning a rock debris bed in the drilling operation of a horizontal well with a long horizontal section, and can also be used for plugging while drilling. Through the design of this drilling tool structure for this drilling tool can realize the quick conversion between special operation and normal drilling operation, and when special operation, also can accomplish the random switching of two kinds of mode of sand washing of two runners and pure bypass runner leaking stoppage as required in the pit, when keeping three kinds of flow state control simultaneously, guarantee that the main channel water hole in the drilling tool is unobstructed, the spheroid can not cause the influence to normal drilling operation circulation, also does not have the influence restriction of instrument of falling into.
When the drilling fluid is in the double-flow-passage bypass sand washing mode, the rock debris bed can be transversely washed in a large-displacement mode, a drill bottom hole circulation mode is reserved, and the rock carrying efficiency of the drilling fluid is improved. When the leakage blocking mode is the pure bypass flow channel leakage blocking mode, the leakage blocking operation of the large-particle leakage blocking material can be performed, and the underground instrument tool is protected. The method has positive significance for guiding safe and rapid drilling operation of the long horizontal section horizontal well, reducing accident complex frequency and improving drilling operation efficiency.
After stopping the pump, the flow channel mode can be kept locked and cannot be changed. The device can be used for automatically unloading slurry in a drilling tool during the tripping process, so that the slurry is prevented from splashing outside a wellhead; the automatic grouting can be realized during the tripping, and the tripping efficiency is improved.
The support ring can play a role in scour prevention, protects the sliding sleeve and is convenient to replace.
2. The invention has only one elastic mechanism and one W-shaped groove, and the W-shaped grooves are all positioned outside the sliding sleeve, compared with the grooves divided into an upper independent part and a lower independent part in the prior art, the W-shaped groove in the invention can not move relatively, has simple structure, is easy to realize and is more reliable to operate.
3. The arrangement of the second annular space provides conditions for the porous arrangement of the sand washing holes in the range of the section and any arrangement.
4. The winged platform has the functions of disturbing flow of fluid in a shaft through the wing ribs in the drilling process, preventing the deposition of a rock debris bed, simultaneously rotating the rock debris bed deposited on the horizontal underground half part to the upper half part, and taking out of the shaft through the drilling fluid flow of the upper part.
The winged terrace comprises a large-diameter high-side wing rib and a small-diameter low-side wing rib, so that an eccentric structure is formed, and repeated disturbance to fluid in the upper half part of a shaft can be reduced. When the large-diameter high-side rib rotates to the lower half part of the shaft and continues to rotate, the rock debris bed is disturbed to the upper half part of the shaft, if ribs with the same diameter are adopted, the symmetrically distributed ribs can bring the rock debris of the upper half part into the lower half part of the shaft again, repeated disturbed flow is caused, and the efficiency is reduced, so that two small-diameter low-side ribs are arranged.
Furthermore, the sand washing holes can be arranged between two large-diameter high-side ribs, drilling fluid is sprayed out of the drilling tool when the ribs are disturbed, and meanwhile, the rock debris beds at the lower part of the shaft are washed, so that the turbulence effect is improved. And the sand flushing holes can be arranged in a plurality of ways, and can be provided with different inclination angles, so that different angles of flushing can be generated on the rock debris bed.
5. The inclination directions of the ribs in the upper layer of wing edge tables and the lower layer of wing edge tables are opposite, so that the cleaning efficiency can be improved.
6. The combination of the irregularly symmetrically distributed W-shaped grooves and the locating pins can ensure the temporary fixing of the sliding sleeve in the sliding process, so that the sliding sleeve can be kept at different positions.
7. The ball-loading inner cylinder is hollowed, so that a drilling fluid channel is conveniently provided, and flow resistance is reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and detailed description, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a sand washing joint according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the area I in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a rib platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper sliding sleeve in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a ball drop shorting structure in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a dual-channel bypass sand wash mode according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a pure bypass flow channel plugging mode in the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of closing special operation in the present invention;
the marks in the figure:
1. the sand washing joint comprises a sand washing joint body, 102, a sealing piece, 103, a bushing, 104, a top ring, 105, an upper ball seat, 106, a supporting ring, 107, a first through hole, 108, a sand washing hole, 109, a lower ball seat, 110, an upper sliding sleeve, 111, a W-shaped groove, 112, a locating pin, 114, a lower sliding sleeve, 116, a first annular space, 117, an elastic mechanism, 118, a baffle ring, 119, a boss, 120, an upper thread, 124, a second through hole, 127, a third through hole, 128, a second annular space, 130, a first locating hole, 131, a second locating hole, 133, an inner surface, 134, a small diameter section, 135, a small diameter low-side rib, 137, a large diameter high-side rib, 138, an end point of the first upper groove, 139, an end point of the second lower groove, 140, an end point of the second upper groove, 141 and an end point of the first lower groove; 2. ball drop short circuit, 203, ball drop short circuit body, 206, first lower runner, 207, second lower runner, 208, upper joint, 209, ball loading inner tube, 210, annular space, 211, bottom support ring, 212, passageway, 3, first spheroid, 4, second spheroid.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As a basic embodiment of the invention, the invention comprises a sand washing and plugging integrated underground drilling tool, which comprises at least one sphere, a sand washing joint 1 and a ball falling short joint 2 which are connected. The sand washing joint 1 and the ball falling short circuit 2 can be fixedly connected or movably connected, and the connection mode of the sand washing joint is not limited in this embodiment, so long as the sand washing joint and the ball falling short circuit are connected. And the middle parts of the sand washing joint 1 and the ball falling short joint 2 are provided with a communicated runner, and during normal drilling operation, drilling fluid flows downwards along the runner to circulate.
The sand washing joint 1 comprises a sand washing joint body 101 and a sand washing hole 108 positioned on the sand washing joint body 101. The sand washing joint body 101 is internally provided with a bushing 103, a sliding sleeve and an elastic mechanism 117, and the elastic mechanism 117 can be a spring. The bushing 103 is provided with a first through hole 107 communicated with the sand washing hole 108. More specifically, the first through holes 107 are horizontally aligned with and communicate with the sand blasting holes 108. The sliding sleeve comprises an upper sliding sleeve 110 and a lower sliding sleeve 114 which are in threaded connection, the upper sliding sleeve 110 is positioned in the bushing 103, a first annular space 116 for installing an elastic mechanism 117 is formed between the lower sliding sleeve 114 and the sand washing joint body 101, and second through holes 124 which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction are formed in the upper sliding sleeve 110. An upper ball seat 105, a supporting ring 106 and a lower ball seat 109 are further arranged in the upper sliding sleeve 110 from top to bottom in sequence. The support ring 106 is provided with third through holes 127 which are uniformly distributed in radial direction and are communicated with the second through holes 124. The third through hole 127 is always in communication with the second through hole 124 because the positions of the support ring 106 and the upper sliding sleeve 110 are fixed and there is no relative movement.
The upper tee 105 and the lower tee 109 are elastic bodies having deformable inner diameters, and the inner diameter of the upper tee 105 is larger than that of the lower tee 109. The sphere comprises two spheres with different outer diameters, and particularly comprises a first sphere 3 and a second sphere 4. The outer diameter of the first ball 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 105 and smaller than the inner diameters of the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 after the maximum deformation. The outer diameter of the second ball 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 105, larger than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat 109, and smaller than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat 109 after the maximum deformation.
The first ball 3 and the second ball 4 are used for being thrown into a drilling tool, are matched with the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109, control the sliding sleeve to slide up and down, and enable the sliding sleeve to rotate a certain angle in the sliding process, enable the second through hole 124 to be aligned or not aligned with the first through hole 107, further enable the first through hole 107 and the second through hole 124 to be communicated or blocked, and finally enable fluid in the drilling tool to be sprayed out through the sand punching hole 108, or flow out from a flow channel in the drilling tool, or flow out from the sand punching hole 108 and the flow channel in the drilling tool at the same time.
Example 2
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the invention comprises a sand washing and plugging integrated underground drilling tool, which comprises a sand washing joint 1, a ball falling short joint 2 and at least one ball. Wherein, the sand washing joint 1 is connected with the ball falling short joint 2, and the middle parts of the sand washing joint and the ball falling short joint are respectively provided with a communicated runner. The sand washing joint 1 comprises a sand washing joint body 101 and a sand washing hole 108 positioned on the sand washing joint body 101. The sand washing joint body 101 is provided with a small-diameter section 134, and the diameter of the small-diameter section 134 is smaller than that of the sand washing joint body 101. A layer of winged terrace is arranged on the small diameter section 134. The rib stand includes four ribs which are identical in inclination direction and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the sand washing joint body 101, and the ribs include two adjacently arranged large-diameter high-side ribs 137 and two adjacently arranged small-diameter low-side ribs 135. Where the high and low are opposed, the large and small diameters are opposed, i.e., the large diameter high side rib 137 is taller than the small diameter low side rib 135, and the large diameter high side rib 137 is larger than the small diameter low side rib 135.
The sand washing joint body 101 is internally provided with a bushing 103, a sliding sleeve and an elastic mechanism 117. The bushing 103 is provided with a first through hole 107. The sand washing joint body 101 is further provided with 4 first positioning holes 130 which are radially and symmetrically distributed, the first positioning holes 130 are provided with positioning pins 112, and the bushing 103 is provided with second positioning holes 131 which are matched with the first positioning holes 130. The lining 103 is connected with the sand washing joint body 101 through the locating pin 112, a second annular space 128 is formed between the lining 103 and the sand washing joint body 101, and the first through hole 107 is communicated with the sand washing holes 108 through the second annular space 128, so that the positions and the number of the sand washing holes 108 can be better arranged.
The sliding sleeve includes an upper sliding sleeve 110 and a lower sliding sleeve 114 that are threadably connected. The upper sliding sleeve 110 is positioned in the bushing 103, and a first annular space 116 for installing an elastic mechanism 117 is formed between the lower sliding sleeve 114 and the sand washing joint body 101. The upper sliding sleeve 110 is provided with second through holes 124 which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction. An upper ball seat 105, a supporting ring 106 and a lower ball seat 109 are further arranged in the upper sliding sleeve 110 from top to bottom in sequence. The support ring 106 is provided with third through holes 127 which are radially and uniformly distributed, aligned with and communicated with the second through holes 124.
The upper tee 105 and the lower tee 109 are elastic bodies having deformable inner diameters, and the inner diameter of the upper tee 105 is larger than that of the lower tee 109. The sphere comprises a first sphere 3 and a second sphere 4 with different outer diameters. The outer diameter of the first ball 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 105 and smaller than the inner diameters of the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 after the maximum deformation. The outer diameter of the second ball 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 105, larger than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat 109, and smaller than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat 109 after the maximum deformation.
By the drilling tool, the quick switching between special operation and normal drilling operation can be realized. And wherein the special work may include a double-channel bypass sand wash. In order to realize the double-flow-passage bypass sand washing, only the first ball 3 is used.
More specifically, when the drilling tool is used for normal drilling operation and double-channel bypass sand washing is needed, a double-channel bypass sand washing mode can be opened. The opening method specifically comprises the following steps: the first sphere 3 is put into the drill. The first ball 3 falls into the drill and is set on the tee-up 105. Due to the sealing action, the pressure pushes the sliding sleeve to slide downwards to compress the elastic mechanism 117, and the sliding sleeve rotates a certain angle in the sliding process, so that the sliding sleeve can be temporarily separated from the limiting action of the locating pin 112 until the sliding sleeve rotates to the next locating point along the locating pin 112 and is temporarily kept at the locating point. And starting to hold pressure until the upper ball seat 105 is deformed, enabling the first ball 3 to pass through the deformed upper ball seat 105 and fall into the lower ball seat 109, and similarly, enabling the first ball 3 to continuously hold pressure on the lower ball seat 109, enabling the lower ball seat 109 to deform, enabling the first ball 3 to pass through the lower ball seat 109 and fall into the ball falling short circuit 2. The sliding sleeve is rebounded by the elastic force of the elastic mechanism 117, and rotates a certain angle in the process of sliding upwards, so that the sliding sleeve can be temporarily separated from the positioning point until the sliding sleeve rotates to the next positioning point along the positioning pin 112 and is temporarily kept at the positioning point. At this time, the first through hole 107 and the second through hole 124 communicate. At this time, after the drilling fluid enters the drilling tool, the drilling fluid flows downwards in the drilling tool through the runner and circulates, and can be sprayed out through the sand hole 108 at the same time.
When the drilling operation needs to be converted into normal drilling operation, the first ball 3 is thrown into the drilling tool from the wellhead again, and the first ball 3 is sequentially set on the upper ball seat 105, passes through the upper ball seat 105, falls on the lower ball seat 109, passes through the lower ball seat 109 and finally falls into the ball falling short circuit 2. Correspondingly, the sliding sleeve firstly slides downwards to rotate, the position is temporarily fixed, the sliding sleeve slides upwards to rotate, and the position is temporarily fixed again. In this process, the first through hole 107 and the second through hole 124 are isolated from each other from the communication state, and the special operation is closed, so that the drilling fluid can only flow downwards in the drilling tool through the flow channel.
Example 3
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the invention comprises a sand washing and plugging integrated underground drilling tool, which comprises at least one sphere, a sand washing joint 1 and a ball falling short joint 2 which are connected. The ball body can be a metal ball body, is suitable for high-density drilling fluid, and can be quickly seated for operation after throwing the ball. The middle parts of the sand washing joint 1 and the ball falling short joint 2 are provided with a communicated runner. The ball falling short circuit 2 comprises an upper joint 208, a ball falling short circuit body 203, a ball loading inner cylinder 209 and a bottom supporting ring 211. The ball-loading inner cylinder 209 is hollow.
The sand washing joint 1 comprises a sand washing joint body 101 and a sand washing hole 108 positioned on the sand washing joint body 101. The sand washing joint body 101 is internally provided with a lining 103, a sliding sleeve and an elastic machine. The bushing 103 is connected with the sand washing joint body 101 through a locating pin 112, and the outer surface of the upper sliding sleeve 110 is provided with irregularly and symmetrically distributed W-shaped grooves 111, and the sliding sleeve slides up and down to drive the W-shaped grooves 111 to rotate along the locating pin 112. The W-shaped groove 111 comprises a plurality of groups of grooves which are sequentially connected, and each group of grooves comprises a first lower groove, a first upper groove, a second lower groove and a second upper groove which are sequentially communicated.
The bushing 103 is provided with a first through hole 107 communicated with the sand washing hole 108. The sliding sleeve comprises an upper sliding sleeve 110 and a lower sliding sleeve 114 which are in threaded connection, the upper sliding sleeve 110 is positioned in the bushing 103, and a first annular space 116 for installing an elastic mechanism 117 is formed between the lower sliding sleeve 114 and the sand washing joint body 101. The upper sliding sleeve 110 is provided with second through holes 124 which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction.
The upper sliding sleeve 110 is further provided with an upper ball seat 105, a supporting ring 106 and a lower ball seat 109 from top to bottom in sequence, and the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 are elastic bodies with deformable inner diameters. The inner diameter of the upper tee 105 is greater than the inner diameter of the lower tee 109. The ball comprises a first ball 3 and a second ball 4, wherein the outer diameter of the first ball 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 105 and smaller than the inner diameters of the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 after the maximum deformation. The outer diameter of the second ball 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 105, larger than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat 109, and smaller than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat 109 after the maximum deformation. The support ring 106 is provided with third through holes 127 which are radially and uniformly distributed, aligned with and communicated with the second through holes 124.
By the drilling tool, the quick switching between special operation and normal drilling operation can be realized. And, special operations may include purely bypass flow plugging. To achieve this pure bypass flow plugging, a first sphere 3 and a second sphere 4 are required.
More specifically, when the drilling tool performs normal drilling operation and a pure bypass flow passage is needed to be blocked, the double-flow passage bypass sand washing mode can be opened first, and the specific opening method is the same as that in embodiment 2 and is not described herein.
After the double-channel bypass sand washing mode is opened, the second ball 4 is thrown into the drilling tool from the wellhead, the second ball 4 is directly located on the lower ball seat 109, and the channel in the drilling tool is closed. The drilling fluid can only pass through the third through hole 127, the second through hole 124 and the first through hole 107 in sequence, and finally is sprayed out of the sand washing hole 108.
When a change to normal drilling operation is required, a first ball 3 is again put into the tool from the wellhead. The remaining steps are similar to those of example 2, except that when the first ball 3 falls through the deformed upper ball seat 105, the second ball 4 begins to hold the lower ball seat 109 due to the sealing action. The pressure reaches a certain level and the second ball 4 passes through the deformed lower ball seat 109, and both the first ball 3 and the second ball 4 drop.
Example 4
As the best mode of the invention, the invention comprises a sand washing and plugging integrated underground drilling tool, and referring to figure 3 of the specification, the underground drilling tool comprises a sand washing joint 1 and a ball drop short joint 2 which are in threaded connection, wherein the middle parts of the sand washing joint 1 and the ball drop short joint 2 are provided with a communicated runner. The underground drilling tool can be matched with the ball body for use, and is used for realizing the conversion between normal drilling operation and special operation. The upper joint of the sand washing joint 1 can be connected with an upper drilling tool, and the lower joint of the ball falling short joint 2 can be connected with a lower drilling tool. The sand washing joint 1 comprises an upper thread 120 and a sand washing joint body 101.
The sand washing joint body 101 is provided with a small-diameter section 134, and the diameter of the small-diameter section 134 is smaller than that of the sand washing joint body 101. Two layers of winged platforms are arranged on the small-diameter section 134. Referring to fig. 4 of the drawings, each layer of rib stand comprises four ribs which are inclined in the same direction and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the sand washing joint body 101. The ribs include two adjacently disposed large diameter high side ribs 137 and two adjacently disposed small diameter low side ribs 135.
The winged platform has the functions of disturbing flow of fluid in a shaft through the wing ribs in the drilling process, preventing the deposition of a rock debris bed, simultaneously rotating the rock debris bed deposited on the horizontal underground half part to the upper half part, and taking out of the shaft through the drilling fluid flow of the upper part. The winged terrace adopts high limit and low limit, major diameter and minor diameter to arrange for whole being eccentric structure. When the large-diameter high-side rib 137 rotates to the lower half of the shaft and continues to rotate, the rock debris bed is disturbed to the upper half of the shaft, if ribs with the same diameter are adopted, the symmetrically distributed ribs can bring the rock debris of the upper half into the lower half of the shaft again, repeated disturbance is caused, the efficiency is reduced, and therefore the other two ribs with smaller diameters and lower heights are symmetrically distributed, and repeated disturbance to fluid of the upper half of the shaft is reduced.
In order to improve the cleaning efficiency, the inclination directions of the ribs in the upper layer of rib plates and the lower layer of rib plates are opposite. More specifically, the direction of the rib in the upper layer rib platform may be left low and right high, and then the direction of the rib in the lower layer rib platform may be left high and right low.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2 of the specification, the sand washing joint body 101 is further provided with a sand washing hole 108 and 4 first positioning holes 130 distributed radially symmetrically, and the first positioning holes 130 are provided with corresponding positioning pins 112. The sand washing joint body 101 is internally provided with a lining 103, the lining 103 is provided with a first through hole 107 communicated with the inner space and the outer space, and the lower part of the lining is provided with second positioning holes 131 which are symmetrically distributed. The bushing 103 is connected with the sand washing joint body 101 through a locating pin 112. A second annular space 128 is formed between the bushing 103 and the sand washing joint body 101, the second annular space 128 provides a channel for fluid flow, namely drilling fluid in the drilling tool flows out through the first through hole 107 and then enters the second annular space 128, and then is sprayed out of the drilling tool through the sand washing hole 108, and the arrangement of the second annular space 128 can provide conditions for the porous arrangement and any arrangement mode of the sand washing hole 108 in the range of the section. More specifically, the sand washing hole 108 may be disposed between two large-diameter high-edge ribs 137, and when the ribs are disturbed, drilling fluid is sprayed from the drilling tool, and meanwhile, the drill cuttings bed at the lower part of the shaft is washed, so that the turbulence effect is improved. The sand blastholes 108 may be arranged in a plurality of ways, and may be provided with different inclination angles, by flushing the cuttings bed at different angles. Further, the bushing 103 and the sand washing joint body 101 are sealed by a sealing member 102. Specifically, the sealing member 102 is provided with a plurality of sealing members, one of which is disposed outside the uppermost portion of the bushing 103, one of which is disposed above the first through hole 107 of the bushing 103, that is, above the second annular space 128, and the other of which is disposed outside the bushing 103 below the second annular space 128, so as to seal the lower portion of the second annular space 128.
An upper sliding sleeve 110 is arranged in the bushing 103, second through holes 124 are uniformly distributed in the radial direction on the upper part of the upper sliding sleeve 110, and the second through holes 124 are also flow channels for spraying drilling fluid. Referring to fig. 5 of the specification, the outer surface of the lower part of the upper sliding sleeve 110 is provided with irregularly and symmetrically distributed W-shaped grooves 111, and the combination of the W-shaped grooves 111 and the positioning pins 112 can ensure that the sliding sleeve is temporarily fixed and kept in different positions and states in the sliding process. More specifically, the W-shaped groove 111 may include a plurality of groups of grooves connected in sequence, where each group of grooves includes a first lower groove, a first upper groove, a second lower groove, and a second upper groove that are sequentially communicated.
The lower portion of the upper sliding sleeve 110 is connected with a lower sliding sleeve 114 through threads. The lower sliding sleeve 114 forms a first annular space 116 with the sand wash joint body 101. An elastic mechanism 117 may be installed in the first annular space 116, and the elastic mechanism 117 may be a tension spring or a disc spring. The elastic mechanism 117 is compressed during the sliding sleeve descending process, and provides power for the sliding sleeve ascending after the descending force disappears. The lower portion of the lower sliding sleeve 114 may be provided with a boss 119 and a retainer 118 to provide support for the elastic mechanism 117. The first annular space 116 may be sealed by the seal 102 and the seal 102 on the boss 119. The lower sliding sleeve 114 may slide up and down within the inner surface 133 of the sand wash joint body 101.
An upper ball seat 105 and a lower ball seat 109 are provided inside the upper sliding sleeve 110. The upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 are elastic bodies with deformable inner diameters, and the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 play roles in controlling sliding of a sliding sleeve and further controlling opening and closing of a drilling tool. The upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 are elastic bodies which can be deformed radially under the condition of pressure, and the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 can be restored to the original states after being deformed. The upper tee 105 and the lower tee 109 may be formed of a highly wear resistant plastic/rubber material and are deformed by compression after the ball is seated, and the ball descends through the upper tee 105 and the lower tee 109. A supporting ring 106 is arranged between the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109, third through holes 127 are uniformly distributed in the radial direction on the supporting ring 106, and the third through holes 127 are communicated with the second through holes 124. The drilling fluid flows out of the drilling tool through the third through hole 127 and the second through hole 124, the first through hole 107, the second annular space 128, and the sand washing hole 108. The support ring 106 also has anti-scour function, protects the sliding sleeve and is convenient for replacement. The upper part of the upper ball seat 105 is connected with a top ring 104 through threads, and the top ring 104 plays a role in fixing the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109. The bushing 103 is kept sealed with the upper sliding sleeve 110 by the seal 102. The upper sliding sleeve 110 and the supporting ring 106 are also sealed by the sealing member 102, and the sealing member 102 is respectively arranged at two sides of the first through hole 107, the second through hole 124 and the third through hole 127.
The inner diameter of the upper tee 105 is greater than the inner diameter of the lower tee 109. The ball comprises a first ball 3 and a second ball 4, wherein the outer diameter of the first ball 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 105 and smaller than the inner diameters of the upper ball seat 105 and the lower ball seat 109 after the maximum deformation. The outer diameter of the second ball 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 105, larger than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat 109, and smaller than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat 109 after the maximum deformation.
Referring to fig. 6 of the specification, the ball drop short circuit 2 comprises an upper joint 208, a ball drop short circuit body 203, a ball loading inner cylinder 209, a bottom supporting ring 211 and other components. And a channel 212 is further arranged in the ball falling short circuit 2, and the drilling tool control ball enters the ball loading inner cylinder 209 in the ball falling short circuit 2 through the channel 212 after the drilling tool control ball is used. The ball-loading inner cylinder 209 is hollow, so that a drilling fluid channel is conveniently provided, and the flow resistance is reduced. An annulus 210 is further formed between the ball drop short circuit body 203 and the ball loading inner cylinder 209, and a first lower flow passage 206 and a second lower flow passage 207 are further communicated with the bottom of the ball loading inner cylinder 209. During normal circulation, drilling fluid enters annulus 210 primarily through passage 212 and then flows through lower flow passage and out ball drop sub 2.
The application method of the drilling tool comprises the following steps: judging whether special operation is needed according to the site situation, if not, continuing normal drilling operation, if so, entering step S 1 。
S 1 Starting a double-runner bypass sand washing mode:
referring to fig. 7 of the drawings, the drill is initially closed and the locating pin 112 is now located at the end 141 of the first lower recess. Throwing a first ball 3 into the drilling tool from a wellhead, wherein the first ball 3 falls into the drilling tool and is set on an upper ball seat 105; due to the sealing effect, the pressure pushes the sliding sleeve and other mechanisms to slide downwards to compress the elastic mechanism 117, the sliding sleeve rotates a certain angle in the sliding process, and the positioning pin 112 is positioned at the end point 138 of the first upper groove and starts to hold pressure. The upper ball seat 105 has a certain deformability, the pressure reaches a certain degree, the first ball 3 passes through the deformed upper ball seat 105 and falls into the lower ball seat 109, and similarly, after the first ball 3 continues to hold pressure on the lower ball seat 109, the lower ball seat 109 is deformed, and the first ball 3 passes through the lower ball seat 109. The first ball 3 falls into the ball falling short circuit 2. The sliding sleeve is rebounded under the action of the elastic force of the elastic mechanism 117, and the sliding sleeve rotates a certain angle during the upward sliding process, and the positioning pin 112 is positioned at the end point 139 of the second lower groove. The first through hole 107, the second through hole 124, and the third through hole 127 communicate; when the drilling fluid is in the drilling tool, the drilling fluid can flow out of the drilling tool through the sand washing hole 108, namely, after the drilling fluid enters the drilling tool through the runner A, the drilling fluid can downwards enter the lower drilling tool for circulation through the runner B, and can also flow out of the drilling tool for circulation through the bypass runner C at the same time.
S 2 Judging whether a pure bypass flow channel plugging mode needs to be entered, if yes, entering a step S 3 Then enter step S 4 If not, directly enter step S 4 。
S 3 Opening a pure bypass flow passage plugging mode:
referring to figure 8 of the drawings, a second ball 4 is fed into the tool from the wellhead. The second ball 4 sits directly on the lower ball seat 109 closing the flow passage in the drill, i.e. flow passage B. The fluid in the drilling tool flows into the drilling tool through the flow passage A and then flows out of the drilling tool from the bypass flow passage C for circulation.
S 4 Closing special operation, and converting into normal drilling operation:
referring to figure 9 of the drawings, a first ball 3 is again inserted into the tool from the wellhead, the first ball 3 sits on the upper ball seat 105, the pressure pushes the sliding sleeve or the like to slide downwards to compress the elastic mechanism 117 due to the sealing effect, and the sliding sleeve rotates during slidingWhen the positioning pin 112 is positioned at the end 140 of the second upper groove at a certain angle, the first ball 3 starts to hold the upper ball seat 105. After the upper ball seat 105 is deformed, the pressure reaches a certain level, and the first ball 3 falls through the deformed upper ball seat 105 and falls into the lower ball seat 109. Similarly, the first ball 3 passes through the deformed lower ball seat 109 and then falls down, or the first ball 3 presses the lower ball seat 109 and then goes through step S 3 The second sphere 4 of the pair falls together. The sliding sleeve slides upwards and rotates a certain angle under the action of the elastic force of the elastic mechanism 117, and the locating pin 112 is located at the end point 141 of the first lower groove of the next group of grooves. So far, the drilling tool is closed, special operation is closed, and the drilling fluid can only flow downwards and circulate in the drilling tool through the flow passage B.
In view of the foregoing, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, after reading the present specification, various other modifications can be made in accordance with the technical scheme and concepts of the present invention without the need for creative mental efforts, and the modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a sand washing leaking stoppage integration drilling tool in pit which characterized in that: the sand washing device comprises at least one sphere, a sand washing joint (1) and a ball falling short joint (2) which are connected, wherein the sand washing joint (1) and the ball falling short joint (2) are provided with a communicated runner at the middle part; the sand washing connector (1) comprises a sand washing connector body (101) and a sand washing hole (108) positioned on the sand washing connector body (101); a lining (103), a sliding sleeve and an elastic mechanism (117) are arranged in the sand washing joint body (101); the bushing (103) is provided with a first through hole (107) communicated with the sand washing hole (108); the sliding sleeve comprises an upper sliding sleeve (110) and a lower sliding sleeve (114) which are in threaded connection, the upper sliding sleeve (110) is positioned in a bushing (103), a first annular space (116) for installing an elastic mechanism (117) is formed between the lower sliding sleeve (114) and the sand washing joint body (101), and second through holes (124) which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction are formed in the upper sliding sleeve (110); an upper ball seat (105), a supporting ring (106) and a lower ball seat (109) are further arranged in the upper sliding sleeve (110) from top to bottom in sequence, the upper ball seat (105) and the lower ball seat (109) are elastic bodies with deformable inner diameters, and the inner diameter of the upper ball seat (105) is larger than that of the lower ball seat (109); the ball comprises a first ball body (3) and a second ball body (4), wherein the outer diameter of the first ball body (3) is larger than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat (105) and smaller than the inner diameters of the upper ball seat (105) and the lower ball seat (109) after the maximum deformation; the outer diameter of the second ball body (4) is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat (105), larger than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat (109) and smaller than the inner diameter of the lower ball seat (109) after the maximum deformation; third through holes (127) which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction and are communicated with the second through holes (124) are formed in the supporting ring (106); the first ball body (3) and the second ball body (4) are used for being thrown into a drilling tool, are matched with the upper ball seat (105) and the lower ball seat (109), control the sliding sleeve to slide up and down, enable the first through hole (107) and the second through hole (124) to be communicated or separated, and finally realize that fluid in the drilling tool is sprayed out through the sand punching hole (108) or/and flows out from a runner in the drilling tool.
2. The sand washing and plugging integrated downhole drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein: a second annular space (128) is formed between the bushing (103) and the sand washing joint body (101), and the first through hole (107) is communicated with the sand washing hole (108) through the second annular space (128).
3. The sand washing and plugging integrated downhole drilling tool according to claim 2, wherein: the sand washing joint body (101) is provided with a small-diameter section (134), and the diameter of the small-diameter section (134) is smaller than that of the sand washing joint body (101); at least one layer of winged terrace is arranged on the small-diameter section (134); each layer of rib platform comprises four ribs, the inclination directions of the ribs are the same and the ribs are arranged along the circumferential direction of the sand washing joint body (101), and the ribs comprise two adjacently arranged large-diameter high Bian Yile (137) ribs and two adjacently arranged small-diameter low-side ribs (135).
4. A sand washing and plugging integrated downhole drilling tool according to claim 3, wherein: the wing edge stand is provided with two layers, and the inclination directions of the wing ribs in the upper layer of wing edge stand and the lower layer of wing edge stand are opposite.
5. A sand flushing and plugging integrated downhole drilling tool as recited in claim 2 or 4, wherein: the lining (103) is connected with the sand washing joint body (101) through a locating pin (112), and the outer surface of the upper sliding sleeve (110) is provided with irregularly and symmetrically distributed W-shaped grooves (111), and the sliding sleeve slides up and down to drive the W-shaped grooves (111) to rotate along the locating pin (112).
6. The sand washing and plugging integrated downhole drilling tool according to claim 5, wherein: the W-shaped groove (111) comprises a plurality of groups of grooves which are sequentially connected, and each group of grooves comprises a first lower groove, a first upper groove, a second lower groove and a second upper groove which are sequentially communicated.
7. The sand washing and plugging integrated downhole drilling tool according to claim 5, wherein: the sand washing joint body (101) is also provided with 4 first positioning holes (130) which are symmetrically distributed in the radial direction, and the positioning pins (112) are arranged on the first positioning holes (130); the bushing (103) is provided with a second positioning hole (131) matched with the first positioning hole (130).
8. The sand washing and plugging integrated downhole drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein: the ball falling short circuit (2) comprises an upper joint (208), a ball falling short circuit body (203), a ball loading inner cylinder (209) and a bottom supporting ring (211); the ball-loading inner cylinder (209) is hollow.
9. The sand washing and plugging integrated downhole drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein: sealing elements (102) for sealing are respectively arranged between the bushing (103) and the sand washing joint body (101), between the bushing (103) and the upper sliding sleeve (110) and between the upper sliding sleeve (110) and the supporting ring (106).
10. The method for using the sand washing and plugging integrated underground drilling tool according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: judging whether special operation is needed according to the situation, if not, continuing normal drilling operation, if so, entering step S 1 ；
S 1 Starting a double-runner bypass sand washing mode:
at this time, the positioning pin (112) is located at the end point (141) of the first lower groove; a first ball body (3) is put into the drilling tool, and the first ball body (3) falls into the drilling tool and is seated on the upper ball seat (105); due to the sealing effect, the sliding sleeve is pushed by pressure to slide downwards to compress the elastic mechanism (117), the sliding sleeve rotates in the sliding process, the positioning pin (112) is positioned at the end point (138) of the first upper groove and starts to hold pressure until the upper ball seat (105) is deformed, the first ball body (3) passes through the deformed upper ball seat (105) and falls into the lower ball seat (109), and similarly, after the first ball body (3) continues to hold pressure on the lower ball seat (109), the lower ball seat (109) is deformed, and the first ball body (3) passes through the lower ball seat (109); the first sphere (3) falls into the falling sphere short circuit (2); the sliding sleeve rebounds under the action of the elastic force of the elastic mechanism (117), the sliding sleeve rotates in the upward sliding process, the positioning pin (112) is positioned at the end point (139) of the second lower groove, and the first through hole (107) is communicated with the second through hole (124); at the moment, after the drilling fluid enters the drilling tool, the drilling fluid flows downwards in the drilling tool through the runner for circulation and can be sprayed out through the sand hole (108) at the same time;
S 2 Judging whether a pure bypass flow channel plugging mode needs to be entered, if yes, entering a step S 3 Then enter step S 4 If not, directly enter step S 4 ；
S 3 Opening a pure bypass flow passage plugging mode:
putting a second ball body (4) into the drilling tool from the wellhead again, wherein the second ball body (4) is directly located on the lower ball seat (109) to close a flow passage in the drilling tool; drilling fluid can only pass through the third through hole (127), the second through hole (124) and the first through hole (107) in sequence, and finally is sprayed out of the sand washing hole (108);
S 4 closing special operation, and converting into normal drilling operation:
putting a first ball body (3) into the drilling tool from the wellhead again, wherein the first ball body (3) is seated on the upper ball seat (105), the sliding sleeve is pushed by pressure to slide downwards to compress the elastic mechanism (117) due to the sealing effect, when the sliding sleeve rotates in the sliding process, the positioning pin (112) is positioned at the end point (140) of the second upper groove, the first ball body (3) starts to hold pressure on the upper ball seat (105), and after the upper ball seat (105) is deformed, the first ball body (3) falls down through the deformed upper ball seat (105) and falls into the lower ball seat (109); similarly, the first ball (3) falls after passing through the deformed lower ball seat (109), or the first ball (3) presses the lower ball seat (109) and then step S 3 The second sphere (4) of the lower groove falls together, the sliding sleeve slides upwards and rotates under the action of the elasticity of the elastic mechanism (117), and the positioning pin (112) is positioned at the end point (141) of the first lower groove of the next group of grooves; the special operation is closed, and the drilling fluid can only flow downwards in the drilling tool through the runner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211011937.XA CN115434666B (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | Sand flushing and leakage blocking integrated underground drilling tool and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211011937.XA CN115434666B (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | Sand flushing and leakage blocking integrated underground drilling tool and use method thereof |
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| CN115434666A CN115434666A (en) | 2022-12-06 |
| CN115434666B true CN115434666B (en) | 2024-01-19 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102953708A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Bypass short joint capable of being activated and circulated repeatedly |
| CN205297403U (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-06-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Combined cyclone sand washer |
| CN112177566A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-01-05 | 大庆石油管理局有限公司 | Leak stoppage tool while drilling |
| CA3205048A1 (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-23 | China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation | Downhole blowout preventer and blowout prevention operation method |
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2022
- 2022-08-23 CN CN202211011937.XA patent/CN115434666B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102953708A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Bypass short joint capable of being activated and circulated repeatedly |
| CN205297403U (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-06-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Combined cyclone sand washer |
| CN112177566A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-01-05 | 大庆石油管理局有限公司 | Leak stoppage tool while drilling |
| CA3205048A1 (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-23 | China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation | Downhole blowout preventer and blowout prevention operation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 多次开关循环堵漏工具的研制与应用;郭新超;张新文;李勇龙;张武涛;辛勇;;新疆石油天然气(第04期);全文 * |
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