CN115434030A

CN115434030A - High-water-absorptivity easily-dyed modified polyamide fiber and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115434030A
Application number: CN202211220373.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范余娟; 付重先; 路锋; 黄庆文; 郑祥盘
Original assignee: Fujian Yongrong Jinjiang Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fujian Yongrong Jinjiang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-08
Filing date: 2022-10-08
Publication date: 2022-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-08
Also published as: CN115434030B

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of textile chemical fiber preparation, and aims to solve the problems that in the existing process flow, the conventional nylon 6 slices are adopted, the moisture content of the high-strength nylon 6 fiber of the same specification and variety prepared in a multi-stage traction and stretching mode is lower than that of the conventional nylon 6 fiber, the dyeing property is also difficult to influence compared with the conventional nylon 6 fiber, the universality is influenced, in addition, the cooling of spinning in the process flow is completed by adopting a side blowing device, but the side blowing device is different from the spinning traction track, the spinning deviation is easily caused due to the wind force, or the abrasion between the spinning side edge and a yarn guide hook is increased, and the spinning quality is influenced. The high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber is prepared by blending fumed silica, a ring-opening agent, a caprolactam solution, a blocking agent, a dispersing agent and a plasticizing water absorbent according to different proportions and fully mixing the materials by a mixer to ensure that the system is uniform.

Description

High-water-absorptivity easily-dyed modified polyamide fiber and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of textile chemical fiber preparation, in particular to high-water-absorptivity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The polyamide fiber is a common synthetic fiber, and is usually prepared by a spinning, drawing and forming method in the prior art; the application number CN109750359A is named as a method for producing an ultrafine denier high-strength chinlon-6 FDY product by a one-step method, and the process flow comprises raw material drying, feeding, screw rod melt extrusion, melt distribution and conveying, metering by a metering pump, a spinning assembly, a spinneret plate, a slow cooler, side air blowing cooling, oil feeding, a channel, a pre-networking device, stretching, heat setting, a main networking device, a yarn guide disc and winding, wherein the stretching and the heat setting comprise a drawing roller, a first drawing roller and a second drawing roller.

In the process flow, the water content of the high-strength nylon-6 fiber of the same specification and variety prepared by adopting the conventional nylon-6 slices and adopting a multi-stage traction drawing mode is lower than that of the conventional nylon-6 fiber, the dyeing property is also more difficult than that of the conventional nylon-6 fiber, the universality of the fiber is influenced, the cooling of spinning in the process flow is completed by adopting a side blowing device, but the side blowing device is different from the spinning traction track, the spinning deviation is easily caused due to the action of wind power, or the abrasion between the spinning side and a yarn guide hook is increased, and the spinning quality is influenced; therefore, we have proposed a highly water-absorbent easily dyeable modified polyamide fiber and a method for preparing the same, so as to solve the problems set forth above.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior process flow provided by the background technology, the conventional nylon 6 slices are adopted, the moisture content of the high-strength nylon 6 fiber of the same specification and variety prepared in a multi-stage traction and stretching mode is lower than that of the conventional nylon 6 fiber, the dyeing property is difficult compared with that of the conventional nylon 6 fiber, the universality of the high-strength nylon 6 fiber is influenced, the cooling of spinning in the process flow is completed by adopting a side blowing device, but the side blowing device and the spinning traction track are different, the spinning deviation is easily caused due to the action of wind power, or the abrasion of the spinning side and a yarn guide hook is increased, and the spinning quality is influenced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber is prepared from fumed silica, ring-opening agent, caprolactam solution, end-capping agent, disperser and plasticizing water absorbent through proportional mixing and mixing.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the fumed silica to the ring-opening agent is 1.

Preferably, the preparation method of the high-water-absorptivity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: pouring the processed slices into two charging barrels of a preparation device, enabling the processed slices to fall into a melting and compressing chamber below the charging barrels, extruding and melting the slices by a double screw and an electric heating mechanism, and conveying the slices to a spinning seat of a spinning mechanism through a metering pump;

step two: spinning melt entering the spinneret seat under the action of pressure is sprayed out of a spinneret plate at the bottom, is cooled under the action of cold air sprayed out of the cross air guide frame, and after a tow is formed, sequentially passes through the oil frame, the yarn guide hook and the network device;

step three: the spun yarn after being networked enters a traction and stretching mechanism through a traction assembly, is stretched and shaped through five groups of heating double rollers, and is wound into yarn through a winding device.

Preferably, the two sides of the traction and stretching mechanism are provided with interlayer plates, side sealing plates are mounted on the sides of the interlayer plates through screws, an interlayer is arranged between each interlayer plate and each side sealing plate, a bent section is arranged on one side of the upper end of the traction and stretching mechanism, a first heating roller pair is arranged inside the bent section, a second heating roller pair is arranged on one side of the first heating roller pair, a third heating roller pair is arranged below the second heating roller pair, a fourth heating roller pair is arranged below the third heating roller pair, a fifth heating roller pair is arranged below the fourth heating roller pair, the first heating roller pair, the second heating roller pair, the third heating roller pair, the fourth heating roller pair and the fifth heating roller pair are composed of two heating rollers, two roller shafts at two ends of each pair of heating rollers respectively penetrate through the interlayer plates at two sides and extend into the interlayer plates, guide grooves are formed in the joints of the heating rollers and the interlayer plates at the two sides, four first hydraulic cylinders are arranged at the upper ends of the interlayer plates, the output ends of the first hydraulic cylinders and the output ends of the second hydraulic cylinders respectively penetrate through the interlayer plates and extend into the transmission roller shafts of the interlayer plates and are connected with the interlayer plates.

Preferably, the second bottom plate is installed to the bottom that pulls the tensile mechanism, the bracing piece is all installed to the both sides of bending section lower extreme, and the lower extreme and the second bottom plate fixed connection of bracing piece, install the anchor strut between the bracing piece, pull the front end of tensile mechanism and install first access door, the place ahead of first access door lower extreme is provided with first silk mouth, the internally mounted of first silk mouth has first guide roll.

Preferably, the double screw extruder group contains melting compression chamber, drive chamber and transmission support, the melting compression chamber is provided with two, and the one end fixed connection of two melting compression chambers, the drive chamber sets up the lower surface at two melting compression chambers, the transmission support sets up the other end at two melting compression chambers, the feed cylinder is installed to the top of melting compression chamber one end, the charging cap is installed to the upper end of feed cylinder, the inside of melting compression chamber is provided with extrudes the head, extrude one side of head and install the measuring pump, the opposite side of extruding the head is provided with first screw rod and second screw rod, and the second screw rod sets up the below at first screw rod, the one end of first screw rod and second screw rod all runs through and extends to the inside of transmission support, and installs driven gear, asynchronous motor is installed to drive chamber lower extreme intermediate position department, asynchronous motor's output runs through and extends to the inside of drive chamber, and installs first bevel gear, second bevel gear is all installed to the both sides of first bevel gear, the one side of second bevel gear is installed the transfer line, and the one end of transfer line runs through and extends to the inside of transmission support, and installs the driving gear, the mechanical sealing member is installed on the melting compression chamber the bottom plate with the mechanical seal spare.

Preferably, be provided with a plurality of bearing plates on the outer wall of transfer line, and bearing plate and drive chamber inner wall fixed connection, the stabilizer bar is all installed to one side of driven gear and driving gear, and the stabilizer bar passes through the bearing and is connected with the inner wall rotation of transmission support.

Preferably, the second access door is installed to the front end of spinning mechanism, one side of second access door is passed through the hinge and is connected with spinning mechanism rotation, the edge of second access door and spinning mechanism's junction is provided with the rubber strip, the lower extreme of second access door is provided with the second and goes out the silk mouth, the internally mounted of second play silk mouth has the second guide roll.

Preferably, a spinning refrigeration mechanism is installed above the inside of the spinning mechanism, the spinning refrigeration mechanism comprises a cross air guide frame and eight spinning seats, the eight spinning seats are arranged in four corners of the cross air guide frame in a pairwise and group mode, a spinneret plate is installed on the lower surface of each spinning seat, a plurality of cold air spray holes are formed in the lower surface of the cross air guide frame, the cold air spray holes extend to the periphery along the center of the cross air guide frame, the hole diameter of each cold air spray hole is gradually increased, a cold air feeding pipe is installed in the middle position of the upper end of the cross air guide frame, one end of each cold air feeding pipe extends to the outside of the spinning mechanism, a cold air generator connector is installed at the lower end of the spinning mechanism, a heat preservation guide pipe is installed at the discharge port of the metering pump, one end of each heat preservation guide pipe penetrates through and extends to the inside of the spinning mechanism and is located above the spinning refrigeration mechanism, one end of each heat preservation guide pipe is communicated with the spinning seats through four shunt guide pipes, a heat exchange gas return port is installed at the lower end of the spinning mechanism, the heat preservation guide pipes are fixedly connected with the rear end face of the spinning mechanism through a hoop support, and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the cross air guide frame and the spinning seats.

Preferably, spout a refrigeration mechanism's below and be provided with oily frame, the internally mounted of oily frame has a plurality of glib talkers, the below of oily frame is provided with the godet, the below of godet is provided with the network ware, the third guide roll is installed to one side of network ware.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention prepares the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber by adopting a mode of blending the fumed silica and the caprolactam solution, wherein the fumed silica is hydrophilic silica, and a proper amount of SAP resin is added into the caprolactam solution as a plasticizer during the preparation, so that the toughness of the polyamide fiber can be improved, the polyamide fiber has the high hydroscopicity of the polyamide fiber, and the effects of moisture absorption, ventilation and easy dyeing are achieved, and the problems that in the existing process flow, the water content of the high-strength polyamide 6 fiber of the same specification and variety prepared by adopting the conventional polyamide 6 slices and a multi-stage traction and stretching mode is lower than that of the conventional polyamide 6 fiber, the dyeing performance is more difficult than that of the conventional polyamide 6 fiber, and the universality of the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber is influenced are solved.

2. The spinning refrigeration mechanism is arranged above the inside of the spinning mechanism and comprises a cross air guide frame and a spinning seat, wherein the cross air guide frame is connected with a cold air generator through a cold air generator connector at the end part of a cold air supply pipe, in the spinning process, the cross air guide frame can spray cold air through a cold air spray hole at the bottom, the cold air is sprayed out and then diffused downwards to uniformly cool a guide wire, and gas after heat exchange can be recovered into the cold air generator for refrigeration after heat exchange from a heat exchange gas return opening at the bottom of the spinning mechanism.

3. The traction and stretching mechanism realizes the stretching and stretching of the polyamide fiber through five groups of heating double rollers, wherein the first heating double roller and the second heating double roller are low-temperature rollers, the damage caused by the too fast temperature rise of the fiber is avoided, the position of one heating roller in the double rollers is adjusted through the telescopic action of the output end of the hydraulic rod through the arrangement of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder, the distance between the double rollers is changed, the optimal drafting ratio is found out according to the material ratio difference, the multistage gradient slow drafting action is utilized, the flexibility is high, and the preparation strength of the polyamide fiber is obviously improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the combined structure of the twin-screw extruder set and the spinning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the twin-screw extruder set of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the internal structure of the spinning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the spinning refrigeration mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the spinning refrigeration mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the internal structure of the traction and stretching mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the interlayer of the traction and stretching mechanism of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a twin screw extruder set; 2. a spinning mechanism; 3. a traction and stretching mechanism; 4. a melt compression chamber; 5. a drive chamber; 6. a transmission support; 7. a first base plate; 8. a charging barrel; 9. covering the material; 10. a cold gas generator connection; 11. supporting the side plates; 12. a first access door; 13. a first outlet; 14. a first guide roller; 15. a interlayer plate; 16. a side sealing plate; 17. a first hydraulic cylinder; 18. a curved section; 19. a second hydraulic cylinder; 20. a support bar; 21. a second base plate; 22. a reinforcing rod; 23. a second access door; 24. a rubber strip; 25. a hinge; 26. a second filament outlet; 27. a second guide roller; 28. a heat preservation material guide pipe; 29. an asynchronous motor; 30. an extrusion head; 31. a metering pump; 32. a first screw; 33. a second screw; 34. a mechanical seal; 35. a driven gear; 36. a stabilizer bar; 37. a first bevel gear; 38. a second bevel gear; 39. a transmission rod; 40. a bearing plate; 41. a driving gear; 42. a hoop bracket; 43. a four-shunt conduit; 44. a spinning refrigeration mechanism; 441. a cross air guide frame; 442. a wire spraying seat; 443. a thermal insulation layer; 444. a spinneret plate; 445. spraying a cold air hole; 45. a cold air supply pipe; 46. an oil rack; 47. a nozzle tip; 48. a wire guide hook; 49. a network device; 50. a third guide roller; 51. returning heat exchange gas; 52. an electric heating mechanism; 53. a first heated pair of rollers; 54. a second heated pair of rollers; 55. a third heated pair of rollers; 56. a fourth heated pair of rollers; 57. fifthly, heating the roller pair; 58. a guide groove; 59. and (7) an interlayer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-8, an embodiment of the present invention: a high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber is prepared from fumed silica, ring-opening agent, caprolactam solution, end-capping agent, disperser and plasticizing water absorbent through proportional mixing and mixing.

Further, the mass ratio of the fumed silica to the ring-opening agent is 1.

Referring to fig. 1-8, a method for preparing a high water absorption easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber comprises the following steps:

step two: the spinning melt entering the spinneret seat under the action of pressure is sprayed out from a spinneret plate at the bottom, and is cooled under the action of cold air sprayed out from the cross air guide frame, and after a tow is formed, the tow sequentially passes through the oil frame, the silk guide hook and the network device;

step three: the spun yarn after being networked enters a traction and stretching mechanism through a traction assembly, is stretched and shaped through five groups of heating double rollers, and is wound into filaments through a winding device;

the preparation device in the first step comprises a double-screw extruder unit 1, a spinning mechanism 2 and a traction and stretching mechanism 3, wherein the spinning mechanism 2 is arranged above the double-screw extruder unit 1, two sides of the spinning mechanism 2 are fixedly connected with the double-screw extruder unit 1 through supporting side plates 11, and the traction and stretching mechanism 3 is arranged at the front end of the double-screw extruder unit 1.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the two sides of the drawing and stretching mechanism 3 are provided with the interlayer plates 15, the side edges of the interlayer plates 15 are provided with the side sealing plates 16 through screws, an interlayer 59 is arranged between the interlayer plates 15 and the side sealing plates 16, one side of the upper end of the drawing and stretching mechanism 3 is provided with the bending section 18, the inside of the bending section 18 is provided with the first heating pair roller 53, one side of the first heating pair roller 53 is provided with the second heating pair roller 54, the lower part of the second heating pair roller 54 is provided with the third heating pair roller 55, the lower part of the third heating pair roller 55 is provided with the fourth heating pair roller 56, the lower part of the fourth heating pair roller 56 is provided with the fifth heating pair roller 57, the first heating pair roller 53, the second heating pair roller 54, the third heating pair roller 55, the fourth heating pair roller 56 and the fifth heating pair roller 57 are composed of two heating rollers, and the roller shaft of each pair of heating rollers respectively penetrates through the interlayer plates 15 at the two sides and extends to the inside of the interlayer 59, the connecting part of the roller shaft of the heating roller and the interlayer plate 15 is provided with a guide groove 58, the front ends of the interlayer plates 15 at two sides are provided with four first hydraulic cylinders 17, the upper ends of the interlayer plates 15 at two sides are provided with second hydraulic cylinders 19, the output ends of the first hydraulic cylinders 17 and the output ends of the second hydraulic cylinders 19 penetrate through and extend into the interlayer 59 and are in transmission connection with the roller shaft of the heating roller, the traction and stretching mechanism 3 realizes the traction and stretching of the polyamide fiber through five groups of heating roller pairs, wherein the first heating roller pair 53 and the second heating roller pair 54 are low-temperature rollers, the damage caused by the too fast temperature rise of the fiber is avoided, the position of one heating roller of the roller pairs can be adjusted through the telescopic action of the output ends of the hydraulic rods by arranging the first hydraulic cylinders 17 and the second hydraulic cylinders 19, the distance between the roller pairs is changed, the optimal draft ratio is found out according to the material ratio difference, the preparation strength of the polyamide fiber is obviously improved by utilizing the slow drafting effect of multi-level gradient.

Referring to fig. 1, a second bottom plate 21 is installed at the bottom of the drawing and stretching mechanism 3, support rods 20 are installed on two sides of the lower end of the bending section 18, the lower end of each support rod 20 is fixedly connected with the second bottom plate 21, a reinforcing rod 22 is installed between the support rods 20, a first access door 12 is installed at the front end of the drawing and stretching mechanism 3, a first yarn outlet 13 is arranged in front of the lower end of the first access door 12, a first guide roller 14 is installed inside the first yarn outlet 13, and drawn polyamide fibers extend out along the first yarn outlet 13 and are guided to the winding mechanism through the first guide roller 14.

Referring to fig. 3, the twin-screw extruder set 1 includes two melting compression chambers 4, a driving chamber 5 and a transmission support 6, the melting compression chambers 4 are provided with two ends, one end of each of the two melting compression chambers 4 is fixedly connected, the driving chamber 5 is provided on the lower surface of each of the two melting compression chambers 4, the transmission support 6 is provided at the other end of each of the two melting compression chambers 4, a charging barrel 8 is mounted above one end of each of the melting compression chambers 4, a material cover 9 is mounted at the upper end of the charging barrel 8, an extrusion head 30 is provided inside each of the melting compression chambers 4, a metering pump 31 is mounted on one side of the extrusion head 30, a first screw 32 and a second screw 33 are provided on the other side of the extrusion head 30, the second screw 33 is provided below the first screw 32, one ends of the first screw 32 and the second screw 33 both penetrate and extend into the transmission support 6, and are provided with a driven gear 35, an asynchronous motor 29 is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the driving chamber 5, the output end of the asynchronous motor 29 penetrates through and extends into the driving chamber 5, a first bevel gear 37 is arranged, second bevel gears 38 are arranged on two sides of the first bevel gear 37, a transmission rod 39 is arranged on one side of each second bevel gear 38, one end of each transmission rod 39 penetrates through and extends into the transmission support 6, a driving gear 41 is arranged, an electric heating mechanism 52 is arranged on the inner wall of each melting and compressing chamber 4, a first bottom plate 7 is arranged at the lower end of each transmission support 6, a mechanical sealing element 34 is arranged at the connection position of each first screw 32, each second screw 33 and each transmission support 6, two melting and compressing chambers 4 are arranged in the extrusion unit 1 adopted in the preparation process, and during operation, under the transmission action of the bevel gears, the driving gear 41 and the driven gear 35 by the asynchronous motor 29 at the center of the bottom of the double screw, the first screw 32 and the second screw 33 in the two melting and compressing chambers 4 are synchronously driven to rotate, high-temperature melting and extruding are carried out on the materials, the materials are supplied to the spinneret base 442 through the two metering pumps 31, molten liquid is filled into the spinneret base 442 more uniformly and rapidly, and spinneret is more uniform.

Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of bearing plates 40 are disposed on an outer wall of the driving rod 39, the bearing plates 40 are fixedly connected to an inner wall of the driving chamber 5, the stabilizer bar 36 is mounted on one side of the driven gear 35 and one side of the driving gear 41, the stabilizer bar 36 is rotatably connected to an inner wall of the driving support 6 through a bearing, and the bearing plates 40 and the stabilizer bar 36 can improve transmission accuracy of the bevel gear, the driving gear 41 and the driven gear 35, so that a transmission process is more stable.

Referring to fig. 2, a second access door 23 is installed at the front end of the spinning mechanism 2, one side of the second access door 23 is rotatably connected with the spinning mechanism 2 through a hinge 25, a rubber strip 24 is arranged at the joint of the edge of the second access door 23 and the spinning mechanism 2, a second yarn outlet 26 is arranged at the lower end of the second access door 23, a second guide roller 27 is installed inside the second yarn outlet 26, and after spinning is completed, a material extends from the second yarn outlet 26 and extends into the traction and stretching mechanism 3 under the action of the second guide roller 27.

Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, a spinning refrigeration mechanism 44 is installed above the inside of the spinning mechanism 2, the spinning refrigeration mechanism 44 includes a cross air guide frame 441 and a spinning base 442, the spinning base 442 is provided with eight, the eight spinning bases 442 are distributed in groups two by two at four corners of the cross air guide frame 441, a spinning plate 444 is installed on the lower surface of the spinning base 442, a plurality of cold air spray holes 445 are formed in the lower surface of the cross air guide frame 441, the cold air spray holes 445 extend around the center of the cross air guide frame 441, the aperture of the cold air spray holes gradually increases, a cold air supply pipe 45 is installed at a middle position of the upper end of the cross air guide frame 441, one end of the cold air supply pipe 45 extends to the outside of the spinning mechanism 2, and a cold air generator joint 10 is installed, a heat preservation guide pipe 28 is installed at a discharge port of the metering pump 31, one end of the heat preservation guide pipe 28 penetrates and extends to the inside of the spinning mechanism 2, and is located above the spinning refrigeration mechanism 44, one end of the heat-insulating material guiding pipe 28 is communicated with the spinning base 442 through the four-shunt conduit 43, the lower end of the spinning mechanism 2 is equipped with the heat-exchanging air return opening 51, the heat-insulating material guiding pipe 28 is fixedly connected with the rear end face of the spinning mechanism 2 through the hoop bracket 42, a heat-insulating layer 443 is arranged between the cross air guiding frame 441 and the spinning base 442, eight spinning bases 442 of the device are arranged, two groups of metering pumps 31 can be communicated with four of the eight spinning bases 442 through the heat-insulating material guiding pipe 28 and the four-shunt conduit 43 at the respective output ends, compared with the conventional single conduit feeding, the feeding is more efficient and uniform, the cross air guiding frame 441 is connected with the cold air generator by means of the cold air generator connector 10 at the end of the cold air supply pipe 45, during the spinning process, the cross air guiding frame 441 can spray cold air through the cold air spray holes 445 at the bottom, the cold air is sprayed and then diffused downwards to uniformly cool the guide wires, the gas after heat exchange can be recovered to the cold gas generator for refrigeration again after heat exchange from the heat exchange gas return opening 51 at the bottom of the spinning mechanism 2.

Referring to fig. 4, an oil shelf 46 is disposed below the spinning refrigeration mechanism 44, a plurality of oil nozzles 47 are mounted inside the oil shelf 46, a yarn guide 48 is disposed below the oil shelf 46, a network device 49 is disposed below the yarn guide 48, a third guide roller 50 is mounted on one side of the network device 49, and the oil shelf 46 can oil the yarns through the oil nozzles 47 to reduce the wear of the yarns.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. A high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber is characterized in that: the water-based polyurethane material is prepared by blending fumed silica, a ring-opening agent, a caprolactam solution, a blocking agent, a dispersing agent and a plasticizing water absorbent according to different proportions and fully mixing the materials by a mixer to ensure that the system is uniform.

2. The high water absorption easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the fumed silica to the ring-opening agent is 1.

3. The preparation method of the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step three: the spun yarn after being networked enters a traction and stretching mechanism through a traction assembly, is stretched and shaped through five groups of heating double rollers, and is wound into yarn through a winding device;

the preparation device in the first step comprises a double-screw extrusion unit (1), a spinning mechanism (2) and a traction and stretching mechanism (3), wherein the spinning mechanism (2) is arranged above the double-screw extrusion unit (1), two sides of the spinning mechanism (2) are fixedly connected with the double-screw extrusion unit (1) through supporting side plates (11), and the traction and stretching mechanism (3) is arranged at the front end of the double-screw extrusion unit (1).

4. The preparation method of the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the two sides of the traction and stretching mechanism (3) are respectively provided with a interlayer plate (15), the side edge of the interlayer plate (15) is provided with a side sealing plate (16) through a screw, an interlayer (59) is arranged between the interlayer plate (15) and the side sealing plate (16), one side of the upper end of the traction and stretching mechanism (3) is provided with a bending section (18), a first heating pair roller (53) is arranged inside the bending section (18), a second heating pair roller (54) is arranged on one side of the first heating pair roller (53), a third heating pair roller (55) is arranged below the second heating pair roller (54), a fourth heating pair roller (56) is arranged below the third heating pair roller (55), a fifth heating pair roller (57) is arranged below the fourth heating pair roller (56), the first heating pair roller (53), the second heating pair roller (54), the third heating pair roller (55), the fourth heating pair roller (56) and the fifth heating pair roller (57) are respectively composed of two heating rollers, two ends of each pair of heating rollers respectively penetrate through the interlayer plate (15) on the two sides and extend to the two sides of the interlayer plate (15), and two sides of the interlayer plate (59) are respectively provided with four hydraulic cylinders (17), and the front ends of the interlayer plate (15) are respectively arranged on the two sides of the first heating rollers (19), the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (17) and the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (19) both penetrate through and extend to the inside of the interlayer (59), and are in transmission connection with a roller shaft of the heating roller.

5. The preparation method of the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: second bottom plate (21) are installed to the bottom of drawing tension mechanism (3), bracing piece (20) are all installed to the both sides of crooked section (18) lower extreme, and the lower extreme and second bottom plate (21) fixed connection of bracing piece (20), install anchor strut (22) between bracing piece (20), first access door (12) are installed to the front end of drawing tension mechanism (3), the place ahead of first access door (12) lower extreme is provided with first silk mouth (13), the internally mounted of first silk mouth (13) has first guide roll (14).

6. The preparation method of the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: the double-screw extruder set (1) comprises two melting compression chambers (4), a driving chamber (5) and a transmission support (6), the melting compression chambers (4) are provided with two parts, one ends of the two melting compression chambers (4) are fixedly connected, the driving chamber (5) is arranged on the lower surfaces of the two melting compression chambers (4), the transmission support (6) is arranged at the other ends of the two melting compression chambers (4), a charging barrel (8) is arranged above one end of each melting compression chamber (4), a material cover (9) is arranged at the upper end of the charging barrel (8), an extrusion head (30) is arranged inside the melting compression chambers (4), a metering pump (31) is arranged on one side of the extrusion head (30), a first screw (32) and a second screw (33) are arranged on the other side of the extrusion head (30), the second screw (33) is arranged below the first screw (32), one ends of the first screw (32) and the second screw (33) penetrate through and extend to the inside of the transmission support (6), a driven gear (35) is arranged on the middle position of the first screw (32), and an asynchronous motor (29) penetrates through the output end of the asynchronous driving chamber (29) and extends to the asynchronous motor (29), second bevel gear (38) are all installed to the both sides of first bevel gear (37), transfer line (39) are installed to one side of second bevel gear (38), and the one end of transfer line (39) runs through and extends to the inside of transmission support (6), and installs driving gear (41), install electric heating mechanism (52) on the inner wall of melt compression chamber (4), first bottom plate (7) are installed to the lower extreme of transmission support (6), mechanical seal (34) are installed to the junction of first screw rod (32) and second screw rod (33) and transmission support (6).

7. The preparation method of the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: be provided with a plurality of bearing plates (40) on the outer wall of transfer line (39), and bearing plate (40) and drive chamber (5) inner wall fixed connection, stabilizer bar (36) are all installed to one side of driven gear (35) and driving gear (41), and stabilizer bar (36) pass through the bearing and are connected with the inner wall rotation of transmission support (6).

8. The preparation method of the high water absorption easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that: second access door (23) are installed to the front end of spinning mechanism (2), one side of second access door (23) is passed through hinge (25) and is rotated with spinning mechanism (2) and be connected, the edge of second access door (23) is provided with rubber strip (24) with the junction of spinning mechanism (2), the lower extreme of second access door (23) is provided with second outlet (26), the internally mounted of second outlet (26) has second guide roll (27).

9. The method for preparing the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber according to claim 8, characterized in that: a spinning refrigeration mechanism (44) is arranged above the interior of the spinning mechanism (2), the spinning refrigeration mechanism (44) comprises a cross air guide frame (441) and a spinning seat (442), the spinning seat (442) is provided with eight, the eight spinning seats (442) are distributed at four corners of the cross air guide frame (441) in a group of two, a spinneret plate (444) is arranged on the lower surface of the spinning seat (442), a plurality of cold air spray holes (445) are arranged on the lower surface of the cross air guide frame (441), the cold air spray holes (445) extend to the periphery along the center of the cross air guide frame (441), the aperture is gradually increased, a cold air feeding pipe (45) is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the cross air guide frame (441), one end of the cold air feeding pipe (45) extends to the exterior of the spinning mechanism (2) and is provided with a cold air generator connector (10), a heat preservation pipe (28) is arranged at the discharge port of the metering pump (31), one end of the heat preservation pipe (28) penetrates through and extends to the interior of the spinning mechanism (2) and is positioned above the spinning mechanism (44), one end face of the refrigeration guide pipe (28) is connected with the heat preservation guide frame (42) which is connected with the spinning guide frame (442), and the heat exchange end face of the spinning mechanism (42), a heat insulation layer (443) is arranged between the cross air guide frame (441) and the spinning nozzle base (442).

10. The method for preparing the high-hydroscopicity easy-dyeing modified polyamide fiber according to claim 9, characterized in that: the below of spouting a refrigeration mechanism (44) is provided with oil frame (46), the internally mounted of oil frame (46) has a plurality of glib talkers (47), the below of oil frame (46) is provided with godet (48), the below of godet (48) is provided with network ware (49), third guide roll (50) are installed to one side of network ware (49).