CN115430831B

CN115430831B - Diamond tool bit and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115430831B
Application number: CN202210944928.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王晓荣; 李斌; 王勇
Original assignee: Quanzhou Zhongzhi Diamond Tools Co ltd
Current assignee: Quanzhou Zhongzhi Diamond Tools Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-08
Filing date: 2022-08-08
Publication date: 2023-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-08
Also published as: CN115430831A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of diamond tool bits, in particular to matrix powder for a diamond tool bit, a preparation method and the diamond tool bit. The diamond tool bit consists of a working layer and a welding layer, wherein the welding layer is prepared by mixing at least two powders. Wherein, the matrix powder for preparing the diamond tool bit adopts two matrix powders A and B with different purposes, and the matrix powder A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72 to 80 percent of Fe,10 to 13 percent of Cu,3 to 8 percent of Zn,0.5 to 2 percent of Sn,0.5 to 1 percent of P, wherein the Zn and the Sn are added in the form of an alloy, and the P element is an inorganic nonmetallic element and is added in the form of a compound. The matrix powder B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72-80% of Fe, 15-20% of Cu and 3-8% of Zn, wherein Zn is added in a form of combining single metal and alloy. The diamond tool bit prepared by the application improves the welding performance of the welding surface of the product and improves the welding strength between the product and the matrix; the sharpness and the service life of the product are improved by 10-25 percent.

Description

Diamond tool bit and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of diamond tool tips, in particular to a diamond tool tip and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Since 2021, the cost of raw materials used in the diamond tool industry has increased substantially, and has increased by over 50% as global mass market prices have increased and worldwide logistics have been limited. How to reduce the cost of raw materials and how to improve the cost performance of products becomes a difficult problem which needs to be solved in the industry at present. The traditional diamond tool bit adopts metals with higher prices such as iron, copper, cobalt, tin and the like, then has single structural design, is produced under a three-section process, has higher cost and wastes diamond. It is important to use a method of replacing noble metal elements with low-cost elements, designing the structure in layers, and producing diamond tool bits with low cost and original performance by using accurate multi-stage production process.

Disclosure of Invention

Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and the appended drawings.

The application aims to overcome the defects and provide a diamond tool bit and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present application is:

the matrix powder for the diamond tool bit comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72 to 80 percent of Fe,10 to 13 percent of Cu,3 to 8 percent of Zn,0.5 to 2 percent of Sn,0.5 to 1 percent of P, wherein the Zn and the Sn are added in the form of an alloy, and the P element is an inorganic nonmetallic element and is added in the form of a compound.

The matrix powder for the diamond tool bit comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72-80% of Fe, 15-20% of Cu and 3-8% of Zn, wherein Zn is added in a form of combining single metal and alloy.

A method of making a diamond tip comprising the steps of:

step one: preparing matrix powder: the required various powders are accurately weighed according to the proportion of the components, sequentially poured into a three-dimensional mixer with the optimal volume, and added with mixing medium according to the adding proportion of 200 g/kg, and meanwhile, the feeding space in the mixer is between 2/3 and 3/4. The rotational speed of the mixer is set at 40-50 rpm, and the mixture is mixed for 1 hour at room temperature without protective gas, so that two matrix powders A and B with different purposes can be prepared. The matrix powder A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72% -80%, cu:10% -13%, zn:3% -8%, sn:0.5% -2%, P:0.5 to 1 percent of Zn and Sn are added in the form of alloy, and P element is inorganic nonmetallic element and is added in the form of compound. The matrix powder B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72% -80%, cu:15% -20%, zn:3% -8% of Zn in the form of single metal and alloy combination.

Step two: adding diamond: the required diamonds are accurately weighed according to the design requirement and uniformly mixed by stirring in a single direction, then wetting agent is added into the diamonds according to the proportion of 0.6ml/Kg, and the mixture is uniformly stirred again. Finally, the stirred diamond was added to the aforementioned matrix powder a, and mixed again for 1 hour in the same process.

Step three: cold press molding of the cutter head: the required matrix mixture A+ and B can be prepared through the two links. The two prepared mixtures are filled into two hoppers of a cold press, a customized feeding box (the distance between the box and a die cavity is 1.3 mm) is installed, the pressing frequency is adjusted to 38 times/min, the pressing pressure is 2.0KN/cm < 2 >, the single fluctuation is kept at-1.0% -1.5%, and the molding thickness of the B material is kept at 1.3-1.5mm. The cold-pressed blank can be prepared through the working procedure.

Step four: high-temperature sintering of the cutter head: and (3) loading the cold-pressed blank into a graphite mold with a corresponding size, and then sintering at a high temperature by using a sintering machine.

Preferably, the diamond is artificial monocrystalline diamond with particle size of 250-500 microns, and the thermal shock intensity TTI of the diamond is 76-88.

Preferably, the mixing medium is any one of an iron chain or a steel ball. The mixing medium is a medium body for assisting powder mixing, and can improve the mixing degree of the powder.

Preferably, the wetting agent is paraffin. Wetting agents are surfactants that make solid materials more wettable by water by lowering their surface energy.

Preferably, the sintering process of high temperature sintering is as follows:

the first stage, heating from room temperature to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/sec, and heating the cold-pressed blank from 0KN to 30KN under the condition of initial preheating, so that the compactness and the inter-mold coordination degree are improved;

the second stage, at 550 ℃, maintaining the temperature and pressure for 15 seconds at 30KN, melting the low-melting-point metal at the temperature, and flowing to a certain extent under the action of capillary tubes to fill gaps among particles;

in the third stage, the temperature is increased to 810 ℃ at the speed of 3.5 ℃/sec, the pressure is increased to 115KN, the powder is completely melted, and the compactness is improved;

a fourth stage, heating from 810 to 820 ℃ at a speed of 1.5 ℃/sec, and heating the pressure to 125KN, so as to prevent adverse effects such as impact Wen Guoshao;

in the fifth stage, the mixture is fully fused and alloyed to a certain extent at 820 ℃ and 125KN for 120 seconds;

in the sixth stage, the temperature is reduced to 625 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/s, the pressure is reduced to 30KN, and the temperature is reduced rapidly, so that the product has enough hardness;

and in the seventh stage, the temperature is reduced from 625 ℃ to 500 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/s, the pressure is maintained until the end, the temperature reduction speed is reduced, the release of internal stress of the cutter head is facilitated, and the strength is improved.

The diamond tool bit consists of a working layer and a welding layer, wherein the welding layer is prepared by mixing at least two powders.

By adopting the technical scheme, the application has the beneficial effects that:

the welding layer is arranged, so that the welding performance of the welding surface of the product is improved, and the welding strength between the product and the substrate is improved; the sharpness and the service life of a saw blade product made of the tool bit are improved by 10-25%; on the premise of keeping the performance advantage of the product, the cost is reduced by 35%, and the cost performance of the product is improved; the preparation method can save resources, reduce waste and improve the use efficiency of the diamond by 15%.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the application and together with the embodiments of the application, serve to explain the application, without limitation to the application.

In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals and are illustrated schematically and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one or several embodiments of the application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to such drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a diamond tip according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a prior art diamond tip;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the temperature and pressure values at various stages of a conventional high temperature sintering process;

fig. 4 is a graph showing temperature and pressure values at various stages of a new process for high temperature sintering in a method of manufacturing a diamond tip according to the present application.

The main reference numerals illustrate: 1. a welding layer; 2. a working layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the following detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description is presented merely to illustrate the application, and is not intended to limit the application.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a graph showing temperature and pressure values at various stages of a conventional high-temperature sintering process; fig. 4 is a graph showing temperature and pressure values at various stages of a new process for high temperature sintering in a method of manufacturing a diamond tip according to the present application.

The embodiment provides matrix powder for a diamond tool bit, wherein the matrix powder A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72-80% of Fe, 10-13% of Cu, 3-8% of Zn, 0.5-2% of Sn and 0.5-1% of P, wherein Zn and Sn are added in an alloy form, and the P element is an inorganic nonmetallic element and is added in a compound form in the application. Firstly, the component materials of the powder are cheap raw materials, and the cost can be reduced by 35% on the premise of keeping the performance advantage of the product by using the cheap raw materials to achieve the same performance as that of the original expensive raw materials; and in addition, the sintering temperature is low during preparation, less electricity is needed in the production process, the loss of energy is reduced, and resources can be saved. Cu can form alloy with various metals and non-metals, and the copper alloy has the lowest wetting angle to diamond, lower sintering temperature and better formability and sinterability. The addition of P is beneficial to improving the sintering performance of the matrix, can strengthen the brittleness of the matrix and improve the sharpness of the product.

The matrix powder B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72-80% of Fe, 15-20% of Cu and 3-8% of Zn, wherein Zn is added in a form of combining single metal and alloy.

The embodiment provides a preparation method of a diamond tool bit, which comprises the following steps:

step one: preparing matrix powder: the required various powders are accurately weighed according to the proportion of the components, sequentially poured into a three-dimensional mixer with the optimal volume, and added with mixing medium according to the adding proportion of 200 g/kg, and meanwhile, the feeding space in the mixer is between 2/3 and 3/4. The rotational speed of the mixer is set at 40-50 rpm, and the mixture is mixed for 1 hour at room temperature without protective gas, so that two matrix powders A and B with different purposes can be prepared. Wherein, each component of the matrix powder A and the weight percentage are as follows: 72% -80% of Fe,10% -13% of Cu,3% -8% of Zn,0.5% -2% of Sn and 0.5% -1% of P, wherein Zn and Sn are added in an alloy form, and the P element is an inorganic nonmetallic element and is added in a compound form in the application. The matrix powder B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72-80% of Fe, 15-20% of Cu and 3-8% of Zn, wherein Zn is added in a form of combining single metal and alloy, and a mixing medium is an iron chain.

Step two: adding diamond: the required diamonds are accurately weighed according to the design requirement and uniformly mixed by stirring in a single direction, then wetting agent is added into the diamonds according to the proportion of 0.6ml/Kg, and the mixture is uniformly stirred again. Finally, the stirred diamond was added to the aforementioned matrix powder a, and mixed again for 1 hour in the same process. The diamond adopts artificial monocrystalline diamond with the grain diameter of 250-500 micrometers, the thermal shock intensity TTI of the diamond is required to be 76-88, and the wetting agent is paraffin.

Step four: high-temperature sintering of the cutter head: and (3) loading the cold-pressed blank into a graphite mold with a corresponding size, and then sintering at a high temperature by using a sintering machine. The sintering process is as follows:

As can be seen from fig. 3: in the first stage, the product is directly sintered from 500 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/s under the conditions of linear temperature rise and pressure rise, and for many products containing low-melting-point elements, the alloying time is far insufficient, the low-melting-point elements are not fully diffused, and the product is insufficiently sintered.

In the second stage, after the temperature is raised to 820, the heat preservation is continued for 2 minutes, and the sintering is sufficiently promoted for enough time, so that the temperature is generally flushed due to the inherent defects of the equipment.

And in the third stage, after 2 minutes, the product is directly cooled linearly at 5 ℃/s, and for the product which can expand in the partial cooling process, the condition can lead to deviation of internal density, dimensional accuracy and the like of the product in the cooling process.

As can be seen from fig. 4: the first stage, heating from room temperature to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/sec, and heating the cold-pressed blank from 0KN to 30KN under the condition of initial preheating, so that the compactness and the inter-mold coordination degree are improved;

Three test examples are given below, namely example 1, example 2 and example 3, and the data of hardness, weight loss rate, compactness, bending strength, deformation, sharpness, service life and the like of the finished product are tested, and the test data are shown in a first table, a second table and a third table.

Table one:

	Fe	Cu	Zn	Sn	P
						example 1	75	10	2	0.5	0.5
Example 2	72	10	5	0.5	0.5
						Example 3	72	13	8	0.5	1

Table two:

table three:

	welding area cm2	Welding strength Mpa
			(Original)	1.550	400
The scheme is provided	1.824	460

As can be seen from the above table, example 2 is the best example among 3 examples, and the comprehensive test data thereof is the best.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a diamond tip according to the present application; fig. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional diamond tip.

The embodiment also provides a diamond tool bit, wherein the welding layer 1 and the working layer 2 are designed in a layered manner, and the preparation raw materials of the welding layer 1 are prepared from at least two different powders (A+ materials and B materials). As shown in FIG. 2, the working layer 2 and the welding layer 1 of the previous diamond tips were integral, and the powder used was also a single powder. The diamond tool bit that this embodiment provided is divided into two-layer structure, and the raw materials of welding layer 1 wherein have multiple powder, avoid adopting single powder, and the cost of manufacture of the diamond tool bit that single powder was made is great by the influence of raw and other materials price fluctuation. The use efficiency of the diamond is improved by 15% by adopting the layering design. The original diamond tool bit is a part and integrally contains diamond, and the existing diamond tool bit is divided into two parts of a welding layer 1 and a working layer 2, wherein the welding layer 1 does not contain diamond, (which is equivalent to the assumption that the diamond tool bit is made of 100 diamond materials, 20 diamond tools are originally arranged on the welding layer 1 and 80 diamond tools are arranged on the working layer 2, and 80 diamond tools are only arranged on the working layer 2 and are not arranged in the welding layer 1), so that the use efficiency of the diamond is indirectly improved. Because the main function of the lowest welding layer 1 of the diamond tool bit is welding connection, the diamond tool bit does not participate in the use of the diamond tool bit and is finally abandoned.

The diamond tool bit in this embodiment is formed by welding the tool bit with a circular substrate through the welding layer 1. The diamond saw blade is widely applied to processing of brittle and hard materials such as stone, ceramics and the like, and generally consists of a base body and a cutter head, wherein the cutter head is arranged on the base body at a certain interval and welded.

It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to the specific structures disclosed herein, but are intended to extend to equivalents of such features as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, or characteristic, described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. Thus, appearances of the phrase or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

Furthermore, the described features or characteristics may be combined in any other suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the above description, certain specific details are provided, such as thicknesses, numbers, etc., to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the application. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the application may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other structures, components, etc.

Claims

1. A method of making a diamond tip comprising the steps of:

step one: preparing matrix powder: accurately weighing various powders required in preparation of matrix powder A and matrix powder B according to the corresponding component proportions, sequentially pouring the powder into a three-dimensional mixer with the optimal volume, adding a mixing medium according to the adding proportion of 200 g/kg, and enabling the adding space in the mixer to be between 2/3 and 3/4; the rotational speed of the mixer is set at 40-50 rpm, and under the conditions of room temperature and no shielding gas, mixing is carried out for 1 hour, thus obtaining two matrix powders A and B with different purposes; wherein, each component of the matrix powder A and the weight percentage are as follows: 72-80% of Fe, 10-13% of Cu, 3-8% of Zn, 0.5-2% of Sn, 0.5-1% of P, wherein Zn and Sn are added in an alloy form, and the P element is an inorganic nonmetallic element and is added in a compound form; the matrix powder B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 72-80% of Fe, 15-20% of Cu and 3-8% of Zn, wherein Zn is added in a form of combining single metal and alloy;

step two: adding diamond: accurately weighing several kinds of diamond according to the design requirement, uniformly stirring and mixing in a single direction, adding a wetting agent into the diamond according to the proportion of 0.6ml/Kg, uniformly stirring again, finally adding the stirred diamond into the matrix powder A prepared in the step one, and mixing again for 1 hour by the same process;

step three: cold press molding of the cutter head: the required matrix mixture A+ and B can be prepared through the first step and the second step, the prepared two mixtures are filled into two hoppers of a cold press, a customized feeding box is installed, the distance between the box and a die cavity is 1.3mm, the pressing frequency is adjusted to 38 times/min, the pressing pressure is 2.0KN/cm, the single fluctuation is kept at-1.0% -1.5%, the molding thickness of the B material is kept at 1.3-1.5mm, and a cold-pressed blank body can be prepared through the process;

step four: high-temperature sintering of the cutter head: the cold-pressed blank is put into a graphite mould with corresponding size, and then high-temperature sintering is carried out by a sintering machine, wherein the sintering process of the high-temperature sintering is as follows:

a fourth stage of raising the temperature from 810 ℃ to 820 ℃ at a rate of 1.5 ℃/sec and raising the pressure to 125KN;

2. The method of preparing a diamond tip according to claim 1, wherein the diamond is an artificial single crystal diamond having a particle size of 250-500 microns, and the thermal shock strength TTI of the diamond is between 76 and 88.

3. A method of preparing a diamond tip according to claim 1, wherein the mixing medium is any one of a steel chain or a steel ball.

4. A method of preparing a diamond tip according to claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is paraffin wax.