CN115425934B - Output matching circuit of power amplifier - Google Patents

Output matching circuit of power amplifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115425934B
CN115425934B CN202211099819.9A CN202211099819A CN115425934B CN 115425934 B CN115425934 B CN 115425934B CN 202211099819 A CN202211099819 A CN 202211099819A CN 115425934 B CN115425934 B CN 115425934B
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coupling
circuit
coupling line
output matching
capacitor
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CN115425934A (en
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关宇涵
陈思弟
汤委龙
陈哲
李嘉进
刘祖华
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Foshan Zhenzhi Microchip Technology Co ltd
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Foshan Zhenzhi Microchip Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/56—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
    • H03F1/565—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for using inductive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/189—High frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
    • H03F3/19—High frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/195—High frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/213—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention discloses an output matching circuit of a power amplifier, which comprises an output matching circuit, a coupling circuit and a load, wherein the output matching circuit comprises a first coupling line, the coupling circuit comprises a second coupling line, and the first coupling line is coupled with the second coupling line, wherein the first coupling line comprises a first coupling line and a second coupling line, wherein the second coupling line comprises a first coupling line, a second coupling line and a third coupling line, wherein the first coupling line is a first coupling line, the second coupling line and the third coupling line are respectively connected with the first coupling line and the second coupling line: one end of the output matching circuit receives an input signal, and the other end of the output matching circuit is connected with a load circuit which represents the load of the output matching circuit of the power amplifier; a through end load interface exists between the output matching circuit and the load circuit; the coupling circuit is provided with a coupling end load interface and an isolation end load interface; the coupling circuit is adapted to couple energy of the alternating current through the second coupling line to extract power of the signal to the coupling end load interface when the alternating current flows from the first coupling line. By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the loss of the whole circuit is reduced on the basis of extracting the power of the signal to the load interface of the coupling end.

Description

Output matching circuit of power amplifier
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power amplification, and particularly relates to an output matching circuit of a power amplifier.
Background
In microwave transmission systems, it is often necessary to accurately test a certain power value or to distribute a certain input power to each branch circuit in a certain proportion. The directional coupler has the characteristics of small insertion loss, wide frequency band, capability of bearing larger input power, capability of expanding the range according to the needs, convenience and flexibility in use and the like, and is widely applied to a microwave transmission system.
At present, a directional coupler is usually cascaded after an output matching circuit of a power amplifier, and does not participate in output matching of the circuit. Since the output matching circuits of the directional coupler and the power amplifier are two independent parts, the insertion loss of the directional coupler is high, and the loss of the whole circuit is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an output matching circuit of a power amplifier, which aims at the problems existing in the prior art and can reduce the loss of the whole circuit.
The application discloses power amplifier's output matching circuit, including output matching circuit, coupling circuit and load circuit, output matching circuit includes first coupling line, coupling circuit includes the second coupling line, first coupling line with the second coupling line constitutes the coupler, load circuit is power amplifier's output matching circuit's load, wherein:
one end of the output matching circuit receives an input signal, and the other end of the output matching circuit is connected with the load circuit; a through end load interface exists between the output matching circuit and the load circuit;
the coupling circuit is provided with a coupling end load interface and an isolation end load interface; the coupling circuit is adapted to couple energy of the alternating current through the second coupling line when the alternating current flows from the first coupling line to extract power of a signal to a coupling end load interface.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the output matching circuit further includes a first inductor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor, where:
one end of the first inductor receives an input signal, and the other end of the first inductor is simultaneously connected with one end of the first capacitor and one end of the second capacitor;
the other end of the first capacitor is grounded;
the other end of the second capacitor is connected with one end of the first coupling line and one end of the load circuit at the same time; the through end load interface is arranged between the second capacitor and the load circuit;
the other end of the first coupling line is grounded.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the output matching circuit further includes a first inductor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor, where:
one end of the first capacitor receives an input signal, and the other end of the first capacitor is simultaneously connected with one end of the first inductor and one end of the second capacitor;
the other end of the first inductor is grounded;
the other end of the second capacitor is connected with one end of the first coupling line and one end of the load circuit at the same time; the through end load interface is arranged between the second capacitor and the load circuit;
the other end of the first coupling line is grounded.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the coupling circuit includes a second inductor, a third capacitor, and a fixed value resistor, where:
one end of the second inductor is the coupling end load interface, and the other end of the second inductor is connected with the second coupling line;
the other end of the second coupling line is connected with one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fixed value resistor at the same time, and the other end of the second coupling line is the isolation end load interface;
and the other end of the third capacitor and the other end of the constant value resistor are grounded.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the isolation degree of the coupling circuit is determined according to a capacitance value of the third capacitor and a resistance value of the fixed resistor.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first coupling line and the second coupling line are stacked metal transmission lines or coplanar metal transmission lines.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, the output matching circuit of the power amplifier fuses the coupling line of the through end in the coupling circuit with the coupling line of the output matching circuit, so that the chip area occupied by the coupling line in the coupling circuit is overlapped with the coupling line area of the output matching circuit, the area of the coupling line required by the cascade coupling circuit is saved, the number of passive devices of the output circuit can be effectively reduced by fusing the coupling circuit with the output matching circuit, the circuit insertion loss is reduced, and the loss of the whole circuit is reduced on the basis of extracting the power of signals to a load interface of the coupling end.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an output matching circuit of a power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an output matching circuit of another power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1 and 2, the symbols are represented as:
l1-first inductance, L2-first coupling line, L3-second coupling line, L4-second inductance, C1-first capacitance, C2-second capacitance, C3-third capacitance, R1-constant resistance, and RL-load circuit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The embodiment of the invention discloses an output matching circuit of a power amplifier, which can fuse a coupling line at a direct-current end in a coupling circuit with the coupling line of the output matching circuit, overlap the area of a chip occupied by the coupling line in the coupling circuit with the area of the coupling line of the output matching circuit, save the area of the coupling line required by a cascade coupling circuit, effectively reduce the number of passive devices of the output circuit, reduce the circuit insertion loss and reduce the loss of the whole circuit on the basis of amplifying the power output from a load interface at the coupling end and a load interface at an isolation end. The following will describe in detail.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an output matching circuit of a power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 1, the output matching circuit of the power amplifier in the embodiment of the present application includes: output matching circuit, coupling circuit and load circuit RL, output matching circuit includes first coupling line L2, coupling circuit includes second coupling line L3, first coupling line L2 with second coupling line L3 constitutes the coupler, load circuit RL is power amplifier's output matching circuit's load, wherein:
one end 1 of the output matching circuit receives an input signal, the other end of the output matching circuit is connected with one end of the load circuit RL, and the other end of the load circuit RL is grounded; a through end load interface 2 is arranged between the output matching circuit and the load circuit;
the coupling circuit is provided with a coupling end load interface 3 and an isolation end load interface 4; the coupling circuit is adapted to couple the energy of the alternating current through the second coupling line L3 to extract the power of the signal to the coupling-side load interface 3 when the alternating current flows from the first coupling line L2.
The first coupling line L2 and the second coupling line L3 are laminated metal transmission lines or coplanar metal transmission lines.
The output matching circuit further comprises a first inductor L1, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, wherein:
one end 1 of the first inductor L1 receives an input signal, and the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected with one end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the second capacitor C2 at the same time;
the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded;
the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with one end of the first coupling line L2 and one end of the load circuit RL at the same time; the through-end load interface 2 is disposed between the second capacitor C2 and the load circuit RL;
the other end of the first coupling line L2 is grounded.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an output matching circuit of another power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein:
the output matching circuit further comprises a first inductor L1, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, wherein:
one end 1 of the first capacitor C1 receives an input signal, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with one end of the first inductor L1 and one end of the second capacitor C2 at the same time;
the other end of the first inductor L1 is grounded;
the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with one end of the first coupling line L2 and one end of the load circuit RL at the same time; the through-end load interface 2 is disposed between the second capacitor C2 and the load circuit RL;
the other end of the first coupling line L2 is grounded.
The coupling circuit comprises a second inductor L4, a third capacitor C3 and a fixed resistor R1, wherein:
one end of the second inductor L4 is the coupling end load interface 3, and the other end of the second inductor L4 is connected with the second coupling line L3;
the other end of the second coupling line L3 is connected with one end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of the fixed resistor R1 at the same time, and the other end of the second coupling line L3 is the isolation end load interface 4;
the other end of the third capacitor C3 and the other end of the fixed resistor R1 are grounded.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the isolation degree of the coupling circuit is determined according to the capacitance value of the third capacitor C3 and the resistance value of the fixed resistor R1. Proper adjustment of the parallel connection of the ports 4 to R1 and C1 can effectively improve the isolation of the coupling circuit under the limited chip area. When alternating current flows through the first coupling line L2, since the first coupling line L2 and the second coupling line L3 are close to each other and parallel, the second coupling line L3 can couple a part of energy from the first coupling line L2 by generating an alternating current in the opposite direction to the electric field and the magnetic field between the first coupling lines L2.
The main technical indexes of the coupling circuit are insertion loss, coupling degree, isolation degree and directivity, wherein:
the insertion loss of the coupling circuit is defined as:
Figure BDA0003839807750000051
the degree of coupling of the coupling circuit is defined as:
Figure BDA0003839807750000052
isolation of the coupling circuit is defined as:
Figure BDA0003839807750000053
the directivity of the coupling circuit is defined as:
Figure BDA0003839807750000061
obviously, it is available that:
I＝C+D
wherein P1 is the input power of the interface 1 input to the output matching circuit, and P2, P3 and P4 are the output power of the direct-end load interface when connecting the matched load, the output power of the coupling end load interface when connecting the matched load and the output power of the isolation end load interface when connecting the matched load respectively.
In the embodiment of the invention, the types of output matching circuits of the traditional single-ended power amplifier are mainly three types: a low pass output matching circuit, a band pass output matching circuit, and a high pass output matching circuit. However, since the low-pass output matching circuit does not connect the output signal and the inductor in series to the ground, the optimization modes of the band-pass output matching circuit and the high-pass output matching circuit cannot be directly used for optimizing the low-pass output matching circuit, and one step is added: and the L2 and C2 of the last stage of the low-pass output matching circuit are matched and converted into a structure of a series capacitance and a parallel inductance through a Smith chart. Therefore, the schematic diagram of the low-pass output matching circuit after optimization is the same as that of the band-pass output matching circuit (figure 1), but when the number of output LC matching stages is increased, the optimized low-pass output matching circuit still mainly shows the low-pass characteristic.
In the embodiment of the invention, the values of the capacitors and the inductors of the output matching circuit are determined by adopting an equal Q value method according to the impedance of the load circuit RL determined by the application scene of the power amplifier. L2 and C2 of the last stage of the band-pass output matching circuit and the high-pass output matching circuit are series capacitors and parallel inductors; the output signal is thus connected in series with the first coupled line L2 to ground. In order to realize the extraction of the output signal, a first coupling line L2 in the output matching circuit is used as a second coupling line L3 of the input end and the direct end of the coupling circuit. The inductance value L2 obtained according to the equal Q value method limits the inductance of the primary side coupling line of the coupling circuit, the first coupling line L2 and the second coupling line L3 can be coupled by using a laminated metal transmission line or a coplanar metal transmission line, and the chip area occupied by the coupling line of the laminated metal structure is smaller. The coupling degree of the coupling circuit is different due to different coupling structures, the coupling line structure is reasonably selected according to specific indexes, and the fixed-value resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3 are used for optimizing the directivity of the coupling circuit, so that the coupling circuit is easier to realize.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and technical features not described in the present application may be implemented by or using the prior art, which are not described herein in detail; the above examples and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application, but the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments only, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an output matching circuit of power amplifier, includes output matching circuit, coupling circuit and load circuit, output matching circuit includes first coupling line, coupling circuit includes the second coupling line, first coupling line with the second coupling line constitutes the coupler, load circuit is power amplifier's output matching circuit's load, wherein:
one end of the output matching circuit receives an input signal, and the other end of the output matching circuit is connected with the load circuit; a through end load interface exists between the output matching circuit and the load circuit;
the coupling circuit is provided with a coupling end load interface and an isolation end load interface; the coupling circuit is adapted to couple energy of the alternating current through the second coupling line when the alternating current flows from the first coupling line to extract power of a signal to a coupling end load interface;
the output matching circuit further comprises a first inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, wherein:
one end of the first inductor receives an input signal, and the other end of the first inductor is simultaneously connected with one end of the first capacitor and one end of the second capacitor;
the other end of the first capacitor is grounded;
the other end of the second capacitor is connected with one end of the first coupling line and one end of the load circuit at the same time; the through end load interface is arranged between the second capacitor and the load circuit;
the other end of the first coupling line is grounded.
2. The output matching circuit of the power amplifier of claim 1, further comprising a first inductance, a first capacitance, and a second capacitance, wherein:
one end of the first capacitor receives an input signal, and the other end of the first capacitor is simultaneously connected with one end of the first inductor and one end of the second capacitor;
the other end of the first inductor is grounded;
the other end of the second capacitor is connected with one end of the first coupling line and one end of the load circuit at the same time; the through end load interface is arranged between the second capacitor and the load circuit;
the other end of the first coupling line is grounded.
3. The output matching circuit of claim 2, the coupling circuit comprising a second inductance, a third capacitance, and a fixed value resistance, wherein:
one end of the second inductor is the coupling end load interface, and the other end of the second inductor is connected with the second coupling line;
the other end of the second coupling line is connected with one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fixed value resistor at the same time, and the other end of the second coupling line is the isolation end load interface;
and the other end of the third capacitor and the other end of the constant value resistor are grounded.
4. The output matching circuit of claim 2, wherein the isolation of the coupling circuit is determined based on a capacitance value of the third capacitor and a resistance value of the fixed resistor.
5. The output matching circuit of claim 4, the first and second coupled lines being laminated metal transmission lines or coplanar metal transmission lines.
CN202211099819.9A 2022-09-09 2022-09-09 Output matching circuit of power amplifier Active CN115425934B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6549071B1 (en) * 2000-09-12 2003-04-15 Silicon Laboratories, Inc. Power amplifier circuitry and method using an inductance coupled to power amplifier switching devices
US6907231B2 (en) * 2002-04-15 2005-06-14 Broadcom, Corp. On-chip impedance matching power amplifier and radio applications thereof
KR101088831B1 (en) * 2010-01-26 2011-12-06 광주과학기술원 Load insensitive power amplifiers
CN107404294A (en) * 2017-08-23 2017-11-28 广州慧智微电子有限公司 A kind of output matching network circuit and amplifying circuit with directional coupler
WO2019208657A1 (en) * 2018-04-25 2019-10-31 株式会社村田製作所 Directional coupler and directional coupler module
EP3855563A4 (en) * 2018-09-18 2022-05-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Branch line directional coupler and power amplification device
DE102019204163B3 (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-01 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Generation of a tuning signal for tuning a magnetic antenna

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