CN115425857A - Method and circuit for converting constant current into constant voltage - Google Patents
Method and circuit for converting constant current into constant voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN115425857A CN115425857A CN202211382239.0A CN202211382239A CN115425857A CN 115425857 A CN115425857 A CN 115425857A CN 202211382239 A CN202211382239 A CN 202211382239A CN 115425857 A CN115425857 A CN 115425857A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of constant current to constant voltage, in particular to a method and a circuit for converting constant current to constant voltage, wherein an alternating current input constant current source clamps the voltage of an internal energy storage circuit through an internal circuit to form a pulsating voltage, and the pulsating voltage is converted into a stable constant voltage source through a pulsating constant voltage conversion circuit, so that the voltage-stabilized output is finally realized, the method is simple, and the cost is low; meanwhile, the output power can be determined according to the lowest value of the pulsating voltage and the conversion efficiency of the constant voltage conversion device, so that the output power can be adjusted by adjusting the lowest voltage value of the pulsating voltage and replacing the constant voltage conversion device with different conversion efficiencies, different use requirements are met, and the applicability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constant current to constant voltage conversion, in particular to a method and a circuit for converting constant current to constant voltage.
Background
In some occasions, the requirement on the safety of products is high, for example, a gas station, a nuclear power station, an airplane control room, electric sparks can occur after the overlapping of output positive and negative electrodes, and the risk of fire and explosion is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for converting constant current into constant voltage and a circuit thereof, which solve the problem that a high-voltage constant current source cannot be used as a low-voltage constant voltage source.
The technical problem solution of the invention is as follows:
a method for converting constant current into constant voltage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, receiving a constant current output by a constant current source;
s2, converting the constant current into a pulsating voltage;
and S3, receiving the pulsating voltage and converting the pulsating voltage into a constant voltage through a constant voltage conversion device.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, connecting a constant current output end with an energy storage capacitor to charge the energy storage capacitor, and connecting the energy storage capacitor with an input end of a constant voltage conversion device to obtain an input voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s22, detecting the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, executing a step S23 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is equal to the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and executing a step S21 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s23, disconnecting the constant current output end and the energy storage capacitor to stop charging the energy storage capacitor;
s24, detecting the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, executing the step S23 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is greater than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and executing the step S21 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
the steps S21 to S24 are circulated in this way, so that the energy storage capacitor is discharged to form a pulsating voltage;
the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
the constant voltage conversion device is connected with the input end of the energy storage capacitor and discharges electricity to the constant voltage conversion device, and the constant voltage conversion device receives the pulsating voltage and converts the pulsating voltage into the constant voltage.
Further, the step S22 specifically includes the following steps:
s221, in the process of charging the energy storage capacitor, monitoring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and judging whether the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device or not, wherein the working voltage comprises the highest working voltage and the lowest working voltage;
s222, in the charging process of the energy storage capacitor, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is smaller than the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, executing a step S21, and when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is equal to the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, executing a step S23;
the step S24 specifically includes the following steps:
s241, monitoring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and judging whether the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device or not in the process of stopping charging of the energy storage capacitor;
s242, stopping charging when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is larger than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and charging when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is smaller than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s243, step S23 is executed when the charging is stopped, and step S21 is executed when the charging is stopped.
Further defined, the method for converting constant current to constant voltage further comprises the steps of:
and S4, receiving the constant voltage and filtering the constant voltage to obtain a filtering constant voltage.
A constant current to constant voltage circuit is characterized by comprising a rectifying circuit for adjusting the direction of constant current, an adjusting circuit for receiving the constant current to form pulsating voltage and a constant voltage converting circuit for converting the pulsating voltage into the constant voltage, wherein the rectifying circuit, the adjusting circuit and the constant voltage converting circuit are sequentially connected.
Further defined, the adjustment circuit includes:
the energy storage circuit is used for inputting constant current for charging when the control circuit is switched off and is used for providing pulsating voltage for the constant voltage conversion circuit;
the control circuit is used for switching on or off according to the voltage of the energy storage circuit to enable the energy storage circuit to form pulsating voltage;
the clamping circuit is used for being communicated with the rectifying circuit and grounded when the control circuit is conducted;
the backflow prevention circuit is used for blocking the conduction of the energy storage circuit and the clamping circuit;
the energy storage circuit, the control circuit, the clamping circuit and the backflow prevention circuit are sequentially connected, the rectifying circuit is connected with the energy storage circuit, the backflow prevention circuit is connected between the rectifying circuit and the energy storage circuit in series, and the energy storage circuit is further connected with the constant voltage conversion circuit.
Further defined, the control circuit includes:
the voltage comparison sampling circuit is used for acquiring the voltage of the energy storage circuit in real time and judging whether the voltage output by the energy storage circuit is smaller than the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion circuit or not when the energy storage circuit is charged, if so, the voltage of the energy storage circuit meets the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit, and if not, the voltage of the energy storage circuit does not meet the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit; the constant voltage conversion circuit is used for judging whether the voltage output by the energy storage circuit is smaller than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion circuit or not when the energy storage circuit stops charging, if so, the voltage of the energy storage circuit meets the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit, and if not, the voltage of the energy storage circuit does not meet the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit;
the control feedback circuit is used for sending a low-frequency signal to the switching circuit when the voltage of the energy storage circuit meets the working voltage requirement of the constant-voltage conversion circuit; the high-frequency signal is sent to the switching circuit when the voltage of the energy storage circuit does not meet the requirement of the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion circuit;
the switching circuit is used for switching to a disconnection state when receiving a low-frequency signal and switching to a connection state when receiving a high-frequency signal;
the voltage comparison sampling circuit, the control feedback circuit and the switch circuit are sequentially connected in series, the energy storage circuit is further connected with the voltage comparison sampling circuit, and the clamp circuit is connected with the switch circuit.
Further limit, the energy storage circuit includes energy storage capacitor, the anti-backflow circuit includes the diode, the positive pole of diode is connected with the output of rectifier circuit and the input of clamping circuit simultaneously, the negative pole of diode is connected with energy storage capacitor's positive pole, energy storage capacitor's positive pole still with the positive pole of constant voltage converting circuit and the input of voltage comparison collection circuit is connected.
Further, the circuit for converting constant current into constant voltage further comprises a filter circuit for filtering alternating current components in the constant voltage, and the input end of the filter circuit is connected with the output end of the constant voltage conversion circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the alternating current input constant current source clamps the voltage of the internal energy storage circuit through the internal circuit to form the pulsating voltage, and then the pulsating voltage is converted into the stable constant voltage source through the pulsating constant voltage conversion circuit, so that the voltage-stabilized output is finally realized, and the method is simple and low in cost; meanwhile, the maximum output power can be determined according to the lowest value of the pulsating voltage and the conversion efficiency of the constant voltage conversion device, so that the output power can be adjusted by replacing the constant voltage conversion device with different conversion efficiencies, different use requirements are met, and the applicability is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the constant current source to constant voltage source of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention from constant current source to constant voltage source;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the back-flow prevention circuit and the energy storage circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the constant voltage converting circuit and the filter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage comparison sampling circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a control feedback circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a switching circuit and a clamping circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the voltage variation of the V1 position and the voltage variation of the V2 position according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for converting constant current into constant voltage, which comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving a constant current output by a constant current source;
s2, converting the constant current into a pulsating voltage;
s3, receiving the pulsating voltage and converting the pulsating voltage into a constant voltage through a constant voltage conversion device;
in order to further ensure that the output constant voltage is a direct current voltage, the method preferably further comprises the following steps:
and S4, receiving the constant voltage and filtering the constant voltage to obtain a filtering constant voltage.
Referring to fig. 1, specifically, when the constant current source outputs a constant current in step S1, a rectifier circuit is selected to convert the constant alternating current output by the constant current source into a constant direct current circuit, and then the constant alternating current is output, so that the alternating current is converted into the direct current.
The step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, connecting a constant current output end with an energy storage capacitor to charge the energy storage capacitor, and connecting the energy storage capacitor with an input end of a constant voltage conversion device to obtain an input voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s22, detecting the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, executing a step S23 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is equal to the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and executing a step S21 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s23, disconnecting the constant current output end and the energy storage capacitor to stop charging;
s24, detecting the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, executing the step S23 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is greater than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and executing the step S21 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
repeating the steps S21 to S24 in such a way, so that the energy storage capacitor discharges to form a pulsating voltage;
after the constant alternating current is converted into the constant direct current, the constant direct current is input into the energy storage capacitor to start charging the energy storage capacitor, the voltage value of the constant current source belongs to open-loop voltage, and the voltage value of the constant current source can be kilovolt voltage and cannot be directly converted into direct current low voltage to be used, so that the input voltage needs to be converted through the constant voltage conversion device, in order to avoid overlarge voltage input by the constant current source, the voltage output by the energy storage capacitor is changed into pulsating voltage due to the fact that the voltage is increased and reduced when the energy storage capacitor is charged and stopped to be charged under different conditions, the working requirement of the constant voltage conversion device can be met by using the energy storage capacitor, and meanwhile, the overhigh input voltage can be converted into stable pulsating voltage.
The charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor needs to be controlled due to the overlarge voltage of the constant current source, so that the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor is prevented from being broken down due to the overlarge voltage of the energy storage capacitor, and meanwhile, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is prevented from exceeding the working voltage required range of the constant voltage conversion device to damage the constant voltage conversion device, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor needs to be monitored in real time, the charging needs to be stopped when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is larger than the maximum working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, usually, in order to prevent the charging of the energy storage capacitor from being stopped untimely due to delay of action time and detection time, so that the trigger voltage for stopping charging of the energy storage capacitor needs to be smaller than the maximum working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, for example, for the constant voltage conversion device with working voltage of 36 to 72V, the trigger voltage for stopping charging of the energy storage capacitor can be set to be 45V, and the charging can be stopped when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is 45V; correspondingly, if the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is smaller than the minimum working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device during discharging, the constant voltage conversion device cannot output the constant voltage, so that the energy storage capacitor needs to be charged when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is larger than the minimum working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device after discharging for a period of time, similarly, in order to avoid response time delay, the voltage at which the energy storage capacitor starts to be charged can be set to 40V, namely the energy storage capacitor discharges to the constant voltage conversion device when the charging of the energy storage capacitor reaches 36V, and simultaneously the energy storage capacitor stops charging when continuing to be charged until 45V, but the energy storage capacitor discharges to the constant voltage conversion device continuously, when the energy storage capacitor does not discharge, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor continuously reduces until the voltage reduces to 40V, the energy storage capacitor starts to be charged, and the energy storage capacitor discharges to the constant voltage conversion device continuously, so that the energy storage capacitor forms a pulsating voltage, and the input pulsating voltage of the constant voltage conversion device is converted to obtain a stable voltage.
In actual work, firstly executing step S21 to charge the energy storage capacitor, then executing step S22 when charging the energy storage capacitor, monitoring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and judging whether the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is greater than 45V, if not, namely, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than 45V, indicating that charging can be continued, executing step S21, if yes, indicating that charging needs to be stopped when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is greater than 45V, executing step S23, and executing step S23 when charging is usually stopped when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is equal to 45V; and (3) stopping charging the energy storage capacitor, then executing step (S24), detecting the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, if the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is greater than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, indicating that the energy storage capacitor can continue to discharge, continuing to execute step (S23), if the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, indicating that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is lower than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, the work of the constant voltage conversion device cannot be met, executing step (S21) to start charging, and repeating the steps, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor forms pulsating voltage along with the time change.
Further, the step S22 specifically includes the following steps:
s221, in the process of charging the energy storage capacitor, monitoring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and judging whether the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device or not, wherein the working voltage comprises the highest working voltage and the lowest working voltage;
s222, in the charging process of the energy storage capacitor, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is smaller than the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, executing a step S21, and when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is equal to the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, executing a step S23;
the step S24 specifically includes the following steps:
s241, monitoring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and judging whether the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device or not in the process of stopping charging of the energy storage capacitor;
s242, stopping charging when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is larger than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and charging when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is smaller than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s243, step S23 is executed when the charging is stopped, and step S21 is executed when the charging is stopped.
Specifically, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor needs to be detected in real time to obtain a voltage value, and whether charging or stopping charging is carried out is judged when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor rises and falls;
during charging, whether the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device or not is detected, the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, namely the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is greater than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device and is less than or equal to the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, for example, the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device is 40V, the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device is 45V, during charging, charging is performed when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is detected to be less than 45V, charging is stopped when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is equal to the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, step S23 is executed when charging is stopped, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is prevented from continuously rising, then the discharging voltage of the energy storage capacitor is reduced to 40V, and charging is executed step S21, and charging of the energy storage capacitor is started.
When the charging is stopped, the charging is stopped when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is greater than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, the step S23 is executed when the charging is stopped, and the step S21 is executed when the charging is stopped, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor fluctuates by 40 to 45V.
An electronic switch can be arranged, the input end of the electronic switch is connected with the output end of the constant direct current, and the output end of the electronic switch is grounded, so that the electronic switch is switched on after stopping charging, and is switched off after charging, so that the constant direct current is directly grounded after the electronic switch is switched on, the anode of the energy storage capacitor has no current input and stops charging, and meanwhile, the anode of the energy storage capacitor continues to discharge to the constant voltage conversion device, and the constant voltage conversion device outputs constant voltage; when the electronic switch is switched off, the constant direct current continuously charges the energy storage capacitor, and the voltage of the energy storage capacitor continuously increases.
And circulating in this way, obtaining continuous constant voltage through the constant voltage conversion device, and filtering the constant voltage to finally obtain the constant voltage without alternating current.
Example 2
Referring to embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a circuit for converting a constant current to a constant voltage, as shown in fig. 2, which includes a rectifying circuit, an adjusting circuit, and a constant voltage converting circuit that are connected in sequence, and further preferably further includes a filter circuit connected in series with an output terminal of the constant voltage converting circuit, where the adjusting circuit includes an energy storage circuit, a control circuit, a clamp circuit, and a backflow preventing circuit, and the control circuit includes a voltage comparison sampling circuit, a control feedback circuit, and a switch circuit.
Referring to fig. 3, a constant current source is connected to an input end of a rectifier circuit, a constant alternating current is input to the rectifier circuit, the constant alternating current is rectified by a bridge rectifier circuit and then outputs a constant direct current, the direct current is a constant direct current, and the current magnitude of the constant direct current is set to be 3A; referring to fig. 4, the backflow prevention circuit includes a diode D1, the energy storage circuit includes an energy storage capacitor C3, the energy storage circuit preferably further includes a resistor R3, wherein an anode of the diode D1 is connected to an anode of the rectifier circuit, a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to a cathode of the rectifier circuit, the resistor R3 is connected in parallel to the energy storage capacitor C3, an anode of the resistor R3 and an anode of the energy storage capacitor C3 are connected to a cathode of the diode D1, a cathode of the resistor R3 and a cathode of the energy storage capacitor C3 are connected to a cathode of the rectifier circuit at the same time, so that a constant current passes through the diode D1 to charge the energy storage capacitor C3, the energy storage capacitor C3 can be used as a power supply to provide an input for the constant voltage conversion circuit when discharging, and the current cannot flow backwards under the action of the diode D1 when the energy storage capacitor C3 discharges after the constant current is disconnected, thereby ensuring that the energy storage capacitor C3 can continuously provide an input for the constant voltage conversion circuit, while the energy storage capacitor R3 can discharge without discharging, and the constant voltage of the energy storage capacitor R3 can improve the life of the constant voltage conversion circuit when the energy storage capacitor C3 discharges.
Referring to fig. 5, the positive electrode of the constant voltage conversion circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C3, the constant voltage conversion circuit adopts a constant voltage conversion chip, the working voltage U of the constant voltage conversion chip is U0-U1, for example, a PWM pulse width modulation chip with a model of LM5020 can realize modulation of ripple voltages of 13 to 100v, the chip is used to design a 36V to 72V input power module output 12v, U0=36v, and U1=72v, the input working voltage U can be converted into a constant 12V voltage, and in order to avoid obtaining a final constant voltage after filtering ripples in the obtained constant voltage through a filter circuit, a constant voltage source is formed.
Setting the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor C3 to 10000uF, setting the maximum working voltage to 45V, increasing the voltage at the V2 position from 0 to 45V in the charging process of the energy storage capacitor C3, because the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3 as a constant current source may be 2000V or 4000V and other high voltages, if the energy storage capacitor C3 is continuously charged, the energy storage capacitor C3 may be broken down and damaged, so after the energy storage capacitor C3 needs to be charged for a period of time, when the energy storage capacitor C3 reaches the rated voltage U1, the charging needs to be stopped, and at the same time, the constant voltage conversion circuit continues to discharge when the energy storage capacitor C3 stops charging, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3 continuously decreases, in order to avoid that the constant voltage conversion circuit cannot normally work due to too low voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3, it is necessary to ensure that the charging needs to be performed again when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3 is less than the set voltage U0, and U1 needs to be greater than U0, so that the capacitor voltage U3 of the energy storage capacitor C3 meets the working voltage U of the constant voltage conversion chip, setting U0=40V, and the input voltage of the constant voltage conversion chip 7236V.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the voltage comparison sampling circuit is configured to acquire the voltage of the energy storage circuit in real time, and is configured to determine whether the voltage U output by the energy storage circuit is less than the highest working voltage U1 of the constant voltage conversion circuit when the energy storage circuit is charged, that is, determine whether U is less than U1, if so, the voltage of the energy storage circuit meets the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit, otherwise, the voltage of the energy storage circuit does not meet the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit; the constant voltage conversion circuit is used for judging whether the voltage U output by the energy storage circuit is smaller than the lowest working voltage U0 of the constant voltage conversion circuit when the energy storage circuit stops charging, namely judging whether U is smaller than U0, if so, the voltage of the energy storage circuit meets the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit, and if not, the voltage of the energy storage circuit does not meet the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit.
Through voltage comparison sampling circuit and the control feedback circuit who establishes ties with voltage comparison sampling circuit detect energy storage capacitor C3's capacitance voltage in real time and make corresponding operation in real time, contain 2 at least series resistance in the voltage comparison sampling circuit, in order to make energy storage capacitor C3 stop charging through the feedback is made to the capacitance voltage of voltage comparison sampling circuit definite energy storage capacitor C3 and through control feedback circuit when energy storage capacitor C3's capacitance voltage U =45V, set up 3 series resistance in the voltage comparison sampling circuit and be R13 in proper order, R15 and R20, the input of resistance R13 is connected with energy storage capacitor C3's positive pole, thereby the sum of the voltage that 3 series resistance shared equals energy storage capacitor C3's voltage, confirm that energy storage capacitor C3's voltage can be learnt to resistance R20 both ends voltage U3 according to 3 series resistance's resistance ratio:
for example, the sum of the resistance of the resistor R13 and the resistance of the resistor R15 is 19 times the resistance of the resistor R20, that is, the voltage of the resistor R20 is 1/20 of the capacitor voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3, it can be known that the capacitor voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3 is 45V when the voltage of the resistor R20 is 2.25V, at this time, the 2.25V voltage of the resistor R20 is a trigger voltage, it can be known that the capacitor voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3 is 40V when the voltage of the resistor R20 is 2V, at this time, the 2V voltage of the resistor R20 is a return difference voltage, when in use, the feedback circuit is controlled to output a low level until the voltage of the resistor R20 rises from 0V to the trigger voltage of 2.25V, the feedback circuit is controlled to output a high level, then the voltage of the resistor R20 starts to fall, that the energy storage circuit stops charging, at this time, the feedback circuit is controlled to output a low level until the voltage of the resistor R20 falls to the return difference 2V, the feedback circuit is controlled to output a low level until the voltage of the feedback circuit, the maximum voltage of the capacitor C3 is set circularly, and whether the maximum voltage of the chip is larger than the minimum voltage of the trigger voltage of the capacitor C3, and the conversion of the chip can be controlled, and the chip can be controlled by using the conversion of the constant voltage of the chip.
Referring to fig. 8, the clamp circuit includes a clamp resistor R11, the switch circuit is turned on when a high level is input, and turned off when a low level is input, the switch circuit is connected in series with the clamp resistor R11, one end of the clamp resistor R11 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1, that is, connected to the positive electrode of the rectifier circuit, so that the other end of the clamp resistor R11 is grounded through the switch circuit, V1 is a voltage difference between the potential at the position and 0V, the resistor of the clamp resistor R11 is usually selected to be a small resistance resistor, for example, 1 Ω, which avoids the power consumption increase of the clamp resistor R11 after the switch circuit is turned on, and it is also necessary to ensure that the product of the output current of the rectifier circuit and the clamp resistor R11 is less than u0, the clamp resistor R11 may not be used, that the switch circuit is grounded at this time, if the resistance of the clamp resistor R11 is 14 Ω, the voltage at the position of V1 is 42V when the energy storage capacitor C3 stops charging, then the voltage at this time the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C3 is equal to the voltage of the clamp resistor R11, and the voltage of the clamp resistor R20V is reduced from 2.2V 2.3 to the discharge state, and the energy storage capacitor is continuously discharged, and the discharge is continued to the discharge is continued, and the energy storage capacitor is continued to be discharged, so that the energy storage capacitor will be discharged, and the energy storage capacitor will be discharged.
When the constant current source is used in practice, after the constant current source is switched on, the rectifying circuit converts alternating current into direct current and outputs the direct current, at the moment, the switching circuit is in a disconnected state, the output of the rectifying circuit is input into the energy storage capacitor C3 through the diode D1 to charge the energy storage capacitor C3, when the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3 is greater than 36V, the constant voltage conversion circuit starts to work, the energy storage capacitor C3 discharges to the constant voltage conversion circuit while charging, so that the constant voltage conversion circuit continuously works to output 12V constant voltage, meanwhile, the voltage at two ends of the resistor R20 in the voltage comparison sampling circuit is smaller than 2.25V, the feedback circuit is controlled to continuously output low level, the switching circuit keeps the disconnected state after receiving the low level until the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3 is 45V, the voltage at two ends of the resistor R20 reaches the trigger voltage 2.25V, at the moment, the feedback circuit is controlled to output high level, the switching circuit is switched on after receiving the high level, at the rectifying circuit is connected with the clamping resistor R11, the rectifying circuit is grounded, the rectifying circuit does not charge the energy storage capacitor C3, the energy storage capacitor C3 cannot be connected with the clamping resistor R11 under the limitation of the diode D1, thereby avoiding the constant voltage discharge, and keeping the constant voltage of the constant voltage conversion to be discharged to the clamping capacitor C3; and controlling the feedback circuit to output a low level until the voltage at the two ends of the resistor R20 reaches the return difference voltage 2V, disconnecting the switching circuit after receiving the low level, inputting the energy storage capacitor C3 into the rectifying circuit again to charge the energy storage capacitor C3, and stopping charging until the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C3 is 45V, and repeating the steps so as to output a constant voltage and obtain the constant voltage source.
Referring to fig. 9, in use, the voltage of V1 will increase from 0V, and the voltage of V1 will gradually increase with the charging of the energy storage capacitor C3 when the switch circuit is turned off until 45v, and the voltage of V1 and the voltage of V2 are voltages of 2 positions, separated by a diode, and referenced to ground; when the switching circuit is turned on, the voltage of the V1 is the voltage of the clamping resistor R11, at the moment, the voltage at the V1 is reduced from 45V to 3V and is kept for a period of time until the switching circuit is turned off, the voltage at the V1 is gradually increased from 3V to 45V, and the process is circulated; similarly, in use, the voltage at V2 gradually increases from 0V to 45V according to the charging of the energy storage capacitor C3, then the switch circuit is turned on, the energy storage capacitor C3 stops charging and discharging, the switch circuit is turned off after the voltage at V2 decreases from 45V to 40V, the voltage at V2 gradually increases from 40V to 45V, and so on.
Because the output power is 120W for the product of minimum pulsating voltage 40V and current 3A, the output power is 120W x 90% =108W through the conversion efficiency loss of the constant voltage conversion chip, thereby knowing that the maximum output power is 108W at the moment, thereby being capable of connecting multiple groups of same constant voltage conversion chips in parallel, discharging output of the energy storage capacitor C3 is simultaneously used as input of the constant voltage conversion chip, the constant voltage conversion chip can be used as multiple groups of 12V constant voltage power supplies at the moment, and simultaneously, the power supply for multiple groups of equipment is realized, the use requirement is met, and the applicability is improved.
Claims (9)
1. A method for converting constant current into constant voltage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, receiving a constant current output by a constant current source;
s2, converting the constant current into a pulsating voltage;
and S3, receiving the pulsating voltage and converting the pulsating voltage into a constant voltage through a constant voltage conversion device.
2. The method for converting constant current to constant voltage according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the steps of:
s21, connecting a constant current output end with an energy storage capacitor to charge the energy storage capacitor, and connecting the energy storage capacitor with an input end of a constant voltage conversion device to obtain an input voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s22, detecting the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, executing a step S23 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is equal to the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and executing a step S21 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s23, disconnecting the constant current output end and the energy storage capacitor to stop charging the energy storage capacitor;
s24, detecting the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, executing a step S23 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is greater than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and executing a step S21 when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is less than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
the steps S21 to S24 are circulated in this way, so that the energy storage capacitor is discharged to form a pulsating voltage;
the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
the constant voltage conversion device is connected with the input end of the energy storage capacitor and discharges electricity to the constant voltage conversion device, and the constant voltage conversion device receives the pulsating voltage and converts the pulsating voltage into constant voltage.
3. The method for converting constant current to constant voltage according to claim 2, wherein the step S22 specifically comprises the steps of:
s221, in the process of charging the energy storage capacitor, monitoring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and judging whether the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device or not, wherein the working voltage comprises the highest working voltage and the lowest working voltage;
s222, in the charging process of the energy storage capacitor, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is smaller than the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, executing a step S21, and when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is equal to the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, executing a step S23;
the step S24 specifically includes the following steps:
s241, monitoring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor in real time and judging whether the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device or not in the process of stopping charging of the energy storage capacitor;
s242, stopping charging when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is larger than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device, and charging when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor is smaller than or equal to the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion device;
s243, step S23 is executed when the charging is stopped, and step S21 is executed when the charging is stopped.
4. The method for converting constant current to constant voltage according to claim 3, wherein the method for converting constant current to constant voltage further comprises the steps of:
and S4, receiving the constant voltage and filtering the constant voltage to obtain a filtering constant voltage.
5. A constant current to constant voltage circuit is characterized by comprising a rectifying circuit for adjusting the direction of constant current, an adjusting circuit for receiving the constant current to form pulsating voltage and a constant voltage converting circuit for converting the pulsating voltage into the constant voltage, wherein the rectifying circuit, the adjusting circuit and the constant voltage converting circuit are sequentially connected.
6. The circuit for converting a constant current into a constant voltage according to claim 5, wherein the adjusting circuit comprises:
the energy storage circuit is used for inputting constant current for charging when the control circuit is switched off and is used for providing pulsating voltage for the constant voltage conversion circuit;
the control circuit is used for switching on or switching off the energy storage circuit according to the voltage of the energy storage circuit to enable the energy storage circuit to form pulsating voltage;
the clamping circuit is used for being communicated with the rectifying circuit and grounded when the control circuit is conducted;
the backflow prevention circuit is used for blocking the conduction of the energy storage circuit and the clamping circuit;
the energy storage circuit, the control circuit, the clamping circuit and the backflow prevention circuit are sequentially connected, the rectifying circuit is connected with the energy storage circuit, the backflow prevention circuit is connected between the rectifying circuit and the energy storage circuit in series, and the energy storage circuit is further connected with the constant voltage conversion circuit.
7. The circuit of claim 6, wherein the control circuit comprises:
the voltage comparison sampling circuit is used for acquiring the voltage of the energy storage circuit in real time and judging whether the voltage output by the energy storage circuit is smaller than the highest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion circuit or not when the energy storage circuit is charged, if so, the voltage of the energy storage circuit meets the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit, and if not, the voltage of the energy storage circuit does not meet the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit; the constant voltage conversion circuit is used for judging whether the voltage output by the energy storage circuit is smaller than the lowest working voltage of the constant voltage conversion circuit or not when the energy storage circuit stops charging, if so, the voltage of the energy storage circuit meets the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit, and if not, the voltage of the energy storage circuit does not meet the working voltage requirement of the constant voltage conversion circuit;
the control feedback circuit is used for sending a low-frequency signal to the switching circuit when the voltage of the energy storage circuit meets the requirement of the working voltage of the constant voltage conversion circuit; the high-frequency signal is sent to the switching circuit when the voltage of the energy storage circuit does not meet the working voltage requirement of the constant-voltage conversion circuit;
the switching circuit is used for switching to a disconnection state when receiving a low-frequency signal and switching to a connection state when receiving a high-frequency signal;
the voltage comparison sampling circuit, the control feedback circuit and the switch circuit are sequentially connected in series, the energy storage circuit is further connected with the voltage comparison sampling circuit, and the clamp circuit is connected with the switch circuit.
8. The constant current to constant voltage conversion circuit according to claim 7, wherein the energy storage circuit comprises an energy storage capacitor, the reverse flow prevention circuit comprises a diode, an anode of the diode is connected to both the output terminal of the rectification circuit and the input terminal of the clamp circuit, a cathode of the diode is connected to an anode of the energy storage capacitor, and the anode of the energy storage capacitor is further connected to an anode of the constant voltage conversion circuit and the input terminal of the voltage comparison acquisition circuit.
9. The circuit for converting a constant current into a constant voltage according to claim 8, wherein the circuit for converting a constant current into a constant voltage further comprises a filter circuit for filtering an alternating current component in the constant voltage, and an input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to an output terminal of the constant voltage conversion circuit.
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Denomination of invention: A Method of Constant Flow and Voltage and Its Circuit Effective date of registration: 20230619 Granted publication date: 20230224 Pledgee: Pudong Development Bank of Shanghai Limited by Share Ltd. Xi'an branch Pledgor: Xi'an Huowei Power Supply Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980044786 |