CN115425831A - Clamp absorption circuit for switching power supply, switching power supply and electric appliance product - Google Patents

Clamp absorption circuit for switching power supply, switching power supply and electric appliance product Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115425831A
CN115425831A CN202211209479.0A CN202211209479A CN115425831A CN 115425831 A CN115425831 A CN 115425831A CN 202211209479 A CN202211209479 A CN 202211209479A CN 115425831 A CN115425831 A CN 115425831A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
diode
power supply
switching power
capacitor
resistor
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Pending
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CN202211209479.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谢天海
张卫东
刘国鹏
李定胜
夏玉宝
余静
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NANJING NENGRUI AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
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NANJING NENGRUI AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
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Priority to CN202211209479.0A priority Critical patent/CN115425831A/en
Publication of CN115425831A publication Critical patent/CN115425831A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamping absorption circuit for a switching power supply, the switching power supply and an electric appliance product. The circuit includes: the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the first resistance module, and the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the first capacitor end and connected with the first end of the clamping absorption circuit; the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second resistor module; and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the second end of the first resistor module and the second end of the second resistor module, and the anode of the second diode is connected with the second end of the clamping absorption circuit. According to the embodiment of the invention, the peak voltage generated by the switching power supply is absorbed by the first capacitor, the discharge voltage of the first capacitor is limited by the first diode, the charging and discharging current of the first capacitor is limited by the first resistor module, and the high-frequency ringing generated by the switching power supply is attenuated by the second resistor module, so that the electromagnetic interference is reduced, the loss of a clamping absorption circuit under the condition of light load or no load is reduced, and the influence of the electromagnetic interference on other devices is reduced.

Description

Clamp absorption circuit for switching power supply, switching power supply and electric appliance product
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply protection, in particular to a clamping absorption circuit for a switching power supply, the switching power supply and an electrical product.
Background
In the used switching power supply of novel concentrator carrier module, the switch tube turn-off can produce peak voltage at switch tube both ends in the twinkling of an eye, and this peak voltage can lead to the switch tube loss to increase, can lead to switch tube overvoltage breakdown failure when serious.
The prior art solutions typically employ RCD (resistor-capacitor-diode) snubber circuits to absorb the spike voltages. The resistance selected in the RCD snubber circuit is typically used to limit the peak drain voltage under full load and overload conditions, but this resistance can cause the capacitor voltage to discharge significantly under light load or no load conditions. Therefore, the discharge loss is generated when the switch tube is switched every time, namely, the clamp absorption circuit has high loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a clamping absorption circuit for a switching power supply, the switching power supply and an electric appliance product, and aims to solve the problem of high loss of the clamping absorption circuit under the condition of light load or no load.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a clamp snubber circuit for a switching power supply, including:
the circuit comprises a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, a first resistance module and a second resistance module;
the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the first resistor module, and the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the first capacitor end and connected with the first end of the clamping absorption circuit;
the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second resistor module;
and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the second end of the first resistor module and the second end of the second resistor module, and the anode of the second diode is connected with the second end of the clamping absorption circuit.
Optionally, the first resistance module comprises:
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and the second end of the first resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode;
and a first end of the second resistor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and a second end of the second resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode.
Optionally, the second resistance module comprises:
a first end of the third resistor is connected with the second end of the first capacitor, and a second end of the third resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode;
and a first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the second end of the first capacitor, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode.
Optionally, the first diode is a zener diode.
Optionally, the second diode is a fast recovery diode.
Optionally, the first capacitor is a non-polar capacitor.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a switching power supply including the clamp snubber circuit for a switching power supply according to the first aspect; the switching power supply further comprises a transformer and a switching tube, the switching tube is connected with a primary coil of the transformer in series, one end of the primary coil, which is connected with the switching tube, is connected with the second end of the clamping absorption circuit, and the other end of the primary coil is connected with the first end of the clamping absorption circuit.
Optionally, the rectifier module further comprises an ac input synchronous rectifier, and an output end of the ac input synchronous rectifier is connected to an anode of the first diode and a primary coil of the transformer; the AC input synchronous rectifier is used for converting input AC.
Optionally, the power supply further comprises a rectification output module, an input end of the rectification output module is connected to the transformer and the secondary coil, and is used for rectifying and outputting the current generated by the secondary coil of the transformer.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric product including the switching power supply of the second aspect.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the peak voltage generated during switching of the switching power supply is absorbed and released through the first capacitor, the discharge voltage of the first capacitor is limited through the first diode, the charging and discharging current of the first capacitor is limited through the first resistor module, and the high-frequency ringing generated by the switching power supply is attenuated through the second resistor module, so that the electromagnetic interference is reduced, the loss of a clamping absorption circuit under the condition of light load or no load is reduced, the influence of the electromagnetic interference on other devices is reduced, and the normal work of other devices is ensured.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor do they necessarily limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamp absorption circuit for a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another clamping absorption circuit for a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
the circuit comprises a first resistor module 1, a second resistor module 2, a clamping absorption circuit 3, a transformer 4, a primary coil 41, a secondary coil 42, a switching tube 5, a rectifying module 6, an alternating current input synchronous rectifier 61, a rectifying output module 7, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamp absorption circuit for a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to protection of the switching power supply. Referring to fig. 1, the circuit includes: the circuit comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first capacitor C1, a first resistance module 1 and a second resistance module 2; the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the first end of the first resistance module 1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the first end of the first capacitor end C1 and connected with the first end of the clamping absorption circuit 3; the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of the second resistor module 2; the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second end of the first resistor module 1 and the second end of the second resistor module 2, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second end of the clamp snubber circuit 3.
Specifically, the first diode D1 may be a zener diode, and according to that the current of the zener diode can be changed in a wide range and the voltage is substantially unchanged in the PN junction reverse breakdown state, the zener diode is used to control the discharge voltage of the first capacitor C1 to be below the minimum value when the first capacitor C1 discharges, so as to reduce the discharge loss; the minimum value may be a rated voltage value of the first diode D1. The second diode D2 can be a fast recovery diode, which is a semiconductor diode with good switching characteristics and short reverse recovery time; the second diode D2 is used to turn on or off the clamp snubber circuit 3. The first capacitor C1 can be a non-polar capacitor, i.e. a capacitor without the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a polar power supply, two electrodes of the non-polar capacitor can be connected into a circuit in any sequence, and the non-polar capacitor does not have the leakage phenomenon. The first capacitor C1 is used for absorbing the peak voltage generated by the switching power supply to charge itself when the second diode D2 is turned on, that is, the switching power supply is turned off, and the first capacitor C1 discharges through the clamp absorption circuit 3 when the second diode D2 is turned off, that is, the switching power supply is turned on. Illustratively, when the second diode D2 is turned on, the first capacitor C1 absorbs the spike voltage to charge itself, and when the second diode D2 is turned off, the first capacitor C1 discharges, the first diode D1 is reverse-broken by the large current, and the voltage thereof remains substantially unchanged, so that the voltage discharge on the first capacitor C1 is maintained below the rated voltage value of the first diode D1, thereby reducing the clamp absorption loss under light load and no load conditions. The first resistor module 1 is used for limiting the charging and discharging current of the first capacitor C1. The second resistance module 2 is used for attenuating high-frequency ringing generated by the switching power supply, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference.
According to the technical scheme, peak voltage generated during switching of the switching power supply is absorbed and released through the first capacitor, the discharge voltage of the first capacitor is limited through the first diode, the charging and discharging current of the first capacitor is limited through the first resistor module, high-frequency ringing generated by the switching power supply is attenuated through the second resistor module, and therefore electromagnetic interference is reduced, the clamp absorption circuit loss under the condition of light load or no load is reduced, the influence of the electromagnetic interference on other devices is reduced, and the normal work of the other devices is guaranteed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another clamping absorption circuit for a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 2, a first resistor module 1 includes: a first end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a cathode of the first diode D1, and a second end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a cathode of the second diode D2; and a first end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2.
Specifically, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in parallel between the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, and the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are used for limiting the peak current of the first capacitor C1 during charging and discharging, so that the first capacitor C1 is prevented from releasing large current to burn out the circuit; the peak current is a current value at the time of maximum load.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 2, the second resistance module 2 includes: a first end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a second end of the first capacitor C1, and a second end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a cathode of the second diode D2; a first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1, and a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2.
Specifically, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in parallel between the first capacitor C1 and the second diode D2, and the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are used for generating damping and consuming energy for generating oscillation, so that high-frequency ringing is attenuated and electromagnetic interference is reduced.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a switching power supply, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the switching power supply provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, the switching power supply includes: the clamp snubber circuit 3 for a switching power supply according to any of the embodiments described above; the switching power supply further comprises a transformer 4 and a switching tube 5, wherein the switching tube 5 is connected with a primary coil 41 of the transformer 4 in series, one end of the primary coil 41, which is connected with the switching tube 5, is connected with the second end of the clamping absorption circuit 3, and the other end of the primary coil 41 is connected with the first end of the clamping absorption circuit 3.
Specifically, the transformer 4 may be a high frequency transformer, and the transformer 4 includes a primary coil 41 and a secondary coil 42. The transformer 4 is used to convert voltage, current, and the like according to electromagnetic induction. The switching tube 5 is used to connect or disconnect the circuit of the primary coil 41 of the transformer 4. The clamp absorption circuit 3 is used for absorbing the peak voltage formed by the power supply voltage of the switch tube 5 and the leakage inductance energy generated by the primary coil 41 of the transformer 4. When the switch tube 5 is turned off, since the inductor current does not suddenly change, the current on the inductor of the primary coil 41 loses the circulation loop because the switch tube 5 is turned off, and the inductor generates a back electromotive force. Since the primary coil 41 has leakage inductance, leakage inductance energy cannot be coupled to the secondary coil 42, the leakage inductance energy is superimposed on the power supply voltage of the switching tube 5 to generate a sword-shaped voltage, so that the second diode D2 is positively biased to be conducted, and the peak voltage charges the first capacitor C1 through the second diode D2. When the switch 5 is turned on again, the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is discharged through the clamp snubber circuit 3, and the excess energy is dissipated. The first diode D1 can discharge the voltage of the first capacitor C1 to be controlled below a minimum value, and the capacitor voltage is prevented from being discharged greatly, so that the clamp absorption circuit loss under light load and no-load conditions is reduced.
According to the technical scheme, leakage inductance energy generated by the voltage of the switching tube and the primary coil of the transformer is absorbed and released through the first capacitor, the discharge voltage of the first capacitor is limited through the first diode, the charging and discharging current of the first capacitor is limited through the first resistor module, and high-frequency ringing generated by the voltage at two ends when the switching tube is switched is attenuated through the second resistor module, so that electromagnetic interference is reduced, the loss of a clamping absorption circuit under a light load or no-load condition is reduced, the influence of the electromagnetic interference on other devices is reduced, and the normal work of other devices is ensured.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 3, the switching power supply further includes a rectification module 6, the rectification module 6 includes an ac input synchronous rectifier 61, an output terminal of the ac input synchronous rectifier 61 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1 and the primary coil 41 of the transformer 4; the ac input synchronous rectifier 61 is used to convert the input ac power.
Specifically, the ac input synchronous rectifier 61 is used to rectify the input ac power into dc power output, the dc power output from the ac input synchronous rectifier 61 flows to the switching tube 5 through the transformer 4, the current is changed into high-frequency square wave through the switching tube 5, and at the same time, the high-frequency square wave is generated on the primary coil 41 of the transformer 4. A voltage or current is induced in the secondary coil 42 based on electromagnetic induction.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 3, the switching power supply further includes a rectification output module 7, and an input terminal of the rectification output module 7 is connected to the transformer 4 and the secondary winding 42, and is configured to rectify and output the current generated by the secondary winding 42 of the transformer 4.
Specifically, the rectification output module 7 may include a rectification diode for converting ac power into dc power. The rectification output module 7 is configured to rectify and output the current or voltage generated by the secondary winding 42 of the transformer 4 into direct current.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electric product, which comprises the switching power supply described in any embodiment, and the structure and the principle of the switching power supply are the same, so that the details are not repeated.
It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above, reordering, adding or deleting steps, may be used. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made in accordance with design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A clamp snubber circuit for a switching power supply, comprising:
the circuit comprises a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, a first resistance module and a second resistance module;
the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the first resistance module, and the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the first capacitor end and connected with the first end of the clamping absorption circuit;
the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second resistor module;
the cathode of the second diode is connected with the second end of the first resistance module and the second end of the second resistance module, and the anode of the second diode is connected with the second end of the clamping absorption circuit.
2. The clamping snubber circuit for a switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the first resistance module includes:
a first resistor, a first end of the first resistor being connected to the cathode of the first diode, and a second end of the first resistor being connected to the cathode of the second diode;
and a first end of the second resistor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and a second end of the second resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode.
3. The clamping snubber circuit for a switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the second resistance module includes:
a first end of the third resistor is connected with the second end of the first capacitor, and a second end of the third resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode;
and a first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the second end of the first capacitor, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode.
4. The clamp snubber circuit for a switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the first diode is a zener diode.
5. The clamping absorption circuit for switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein said second diode is a fast recovery diode.
6. The clamping absorption circuit for switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein said first capacitor is a nonpolar capacitor.
7. A switching power supply, comprising: the clamping absorption circuit for the switching power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the switching power supply further comprises a transformer and a switching tube, the switching tube is connected with a primary coil of the transformer in series, one end of the primary coil, which is connected with the switching tube, is connected with the second end of the clamping absorption circuit, and the other end of the primary coil is connected with the first end of the clamping absorption circuit.
8. The switching power supply according to claim 7, further comprising a rectifying module including an ac input synchronous rectifier, an output terminal of the ac input synchronous rectifier being connected to an anode of the first diode and the primary coil of the transformer; the alternating current input synchronous rectifier is used for converting input alternating current.
9. The switching power supply according to claim 8, further comprising a rectification output module, wherein an input terminal of the rectification output module is connected to the transformer and the secondary winding, and is configured to rectify and output the current generated by the secondary winding of the transformer.
10. An electrical product comprising a switching power supply according to any one of claims 7-9.
CN202211209479.0A 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Clamp absorption circuit for switching power supply, switching power supply and electric appliance product Pending CN115425831A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211209479.0A CN115425831A (en) 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Clamp absorption circuit for switching power supply, switching power supply and electric appliance product

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211209479.0A CN115425831A (en) 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Clamp absorption circuit for switching power supply, switching power supply and electric appliance product

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115425831A true CN115425831A (en) 2022-12-02

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CN202211209479.0A Pending CN115425831A (en) 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Clamp absorption circuit for switching power supply, switching power supply and electric appliance product

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