CN115425342A - Battery safety structure and battery - Google Patents

Battery safety structure and battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115425342A
CN115425342A CN202211164498.6A CN202211164498A CN115425342A CN 115425342 A CN115425342 A CN 115425342A CN 202211164498 A CN202211164498 A CN 202211164498A CN 115425342 A CN115425342 A CN 115425342A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
piece
battery
hole
retardant
sealing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202211164498.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄双浩
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CN202211164498.6A priority Critical patent/CN115425342A/en
Publication of CN115425342A publication Critical patent/CN115425342A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery safety structure and a battery, which are used for solving the technical problem that combustion and explosion are easy to generate when the existing battery is out of control due to heat. The top cover plate is provided with a mounting hole used for being communicated with the interior of a battery, the periphery of the turnover piece is hermetically connected with the hole wall of the mounting hole, the flame-retardant box is fixed at the bottom of the top cover plate, the outer side wall of the flame-retardant box is provided with a through hole communicated with the interior of the flame-retardant box, a sealing piece is inserted in the through hole, the turnover piece is connected with a supporting piece, and a first end part of the supporting piece, which is far away from the turnover piece, is abutted against the sealing piece to support the sealing piece to block the through hole; when the pressure that the upset piece received reaches preset pressure value, the upset piece upset warp and drive support piece breaks away from the sealing member, the sealing member receives the inside atmospheric pressure effect of fire-retardant box is bounced open, the fire retardant is followed the through-hole releases.

Description

Battery safety structure and battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery design, in particular to a battery safety structure and a battery.
Background
In recent years, rechargeable batteries have been widely used, and particularly, in recent years, new energy vehicles have become popular, and the amount of batteries to be assembled has been greatly increased year by year.
However, the occurrence of battery ignition and the like is also frequently reported, and the safety of the battery is a major concern for consumers. The battery is easy to generate thermal runaway due to improper charging, short circuit, impact or exposure to high temperature and other severe environments, in the process of the thermal runaway of the battery, positive and negative electrode materials and electrolyte in the battery are decomposed along with the rise of the temperature of the battery, a large amount of combustible mixed gas such as H2, CO or CH4 is generated in the battery, and the combustible mixed gas is easy to generate combustion and explosion after being mixed with oxygen in air, so that the life safety of consumers is seriously threatened.
Therefore, it is an important subject of research by those skilled in the art to find a safety structure of a battery that can solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention discloses a battery safety structure and a battery, which are used for solving the technical problem that combustion and explosion are easy to generate when the existing battery is out of control due to heat.
The embodiment of the invention provides a battery safety structure, which comprises a top cover plate, a turnover sheet and a flame-retardant box, wherein a flame retardant is filled in the flame-retardant box;
the top cover plate is provided with a mounting hole used for being communicated with the interior of a battery, the periphery of the turnover piece is in sealing connection with the hole wall of the mounting hole, the flame-retardant box is fixed at the bottom of the top cover plate, the outer side wall of the flame-retardant box is provided with a through hole communicated with the interior of the flame-retardant box, a sealing piece is inserted in the through hole, a supporting piece is connected onto the turnover piece, and a first end part, far away from the turnover piece, of the supporting piece is pressed against the sealing piece to support the sealing piece to block the through hole;
when the pressure that the upset piece received reaches preset pressure value, the upset piece upset warp and drive support piece breaks away from the sealing member, the sealing member receives the inside atmospheric pressure effect of fire-retardant box is bounced open, the fire retardant is followed the through-hole releases.
Optionally, the supporting member is of an L-shaped structure, a first end of the supporting member abuts against the sealing member, and a second end of the supporting member is welded to the flip sheet.
Optionally, the seal is a sealing peg.
Optionally, the bottom of the top cover plate is recessed upwards to form a mounting groove, an opening is formed in the top of the flame-retardant box, the flame-retardant box is arranged in the mounting groove, and the top wall of the mounting groove is connected with the edge of the opening of the flame-retardant box in a sealing mode.
Optionally, a position of the top cover plate corresponding to the mounting groove is provided with an injection hole, the injection hole is communicated with the fire-retardant box, and the injection hole is connected with a sealing cover plate in a sealing manner.
Optionally, a surface area of an end of the sealing member exposed to the fire-retardant box is equal to a surface area of the first end of the supporting member.
Optionally, the preset pressure value is smaller than a critical pressure value when the battery burns or explodes.
The embodiment of the invention provides a battery, which comprises the battery safety structure.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
in this embodiment, when the battery is inside when thermal runaway appears, the inside a large amount of gas that produces of battery, gaseous atmospheric pressure rises and extrudees the upset piece and makes the upset piece upset warp, drive support piece displacement when the upset piece upset warp, make support piece break away from the sealing member, the sealing member lacks support piece's support back, the sealing member is bounced off by the inside atmospheric pressure effect of fire-retardant box, at this moment, the inside fire retardant of fire-retardant box just releases inside the battery from the through-hole, the fire retardant can reduce the inside temperature of battery to a certain extent, and the fire retardant covers in the electrolyte top, prevent that electrolyte and air contact from taking place the burning, play the explosion-proof fire-retardant effect of cooling, effectively improve the security performance of battery.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a top cover plate in a battery safety structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic bottom structure view of a top cover plate in a battery safety structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the engagement between a support member and a sealing member in a battery safety structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an exploded view schematically illustrating a safety structure of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a mounting groove in a battery safety structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fire retardant box in a battery safety structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
illustration of the drawings: a top cover plate 1; a mounting hole 101; a mounting groove 102; a turnover sheet 2; an injection hole 3; a flame retardant box 4; a through hole 401; a support 5; a seal 6;
a through hole a of the negative pole; an explosion-proof valve hole b; a positive post through hole c; and an electrolyte injection hole d.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a battery safety structure and a battery, which are used for solving the technical problem that combustion and explosion are easy to generate when the existing battery is out of control due to heat.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a battery safety structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the fire-retardant roof panel comprises a top cover plate 1, a turnover sheet 2 and a fire-retardant box 4 filled with a fire retardant;
the top cover plate 1 is provided with a mounting hole 101 used for being communicated with the interior of a battery, the periphery of the turnover sheet 2 is hermetically connected with the hole wall of the mounting hole 101, the flame-retardant box 4 is fixed at the bottom of the top cover plate 1, the outer side wall of the flame-retardant box 4 is provided with a through hole 401 communicated with the interior of the flame-retardant box 4, a sealing element 6 is inserted into the through hole 401, the turnover sheet 2 is connected with a supporting element 5, and a first end part, far away from the turnover sheet 2, of the supporting element 5 is pressed against the sealing element 6 to support the sealing element 6 to block the through hole 401;
when the pressure that upset piece 2 received reaches preset pressure value, upset piece 2 upset deformation drives support piece 5 breaks away from sealing member 6, sealing member 6 receives the inside atmospheric pressure effect of fire-retardant box 4 is bounced open, the fire retardant is followed through-hole 401 releases.
And the preset pressure value is smaller than the critical pressure value when the battery burns or explodes.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the turnover sheet 2 is turned over and deformed and displaced by 0.5mm in the vertical direction, the support member 5 connected to the turnover sheet 2 may be detached from the sealing member 6, so that the sealing member 6 loses its support and is sprung open under the internal air pressure of the fire-retardant box 4.
In this embodiment, when the battery is inside when thermal runaway appears, the inside a large amount of gas that produces of battery, gaseous atmospheric pressure rises and extrudees upset piece 2 and makes upset piece 2 upset warp, drive support piece 5 displacement when upset piece 2 upset warp, make support piece 5 break away from sealing member 6, sealing member 6 lacks support piece 5's support back, sealing member 6 is bounced off by the inside atmospheric pressure effect of fire-retardant box 4, at this moment, the inside fire retardant of fire-retardant box 4 just releases the battery from through-hole 401 inside, the fire retardant can reduce the inside temperature of battery to a certain extent, and the fire retardant covers in the electrolyte top, prevent that electrolyte and air contact from taking place the burning, play the explosion-proof fire-retardant effect of cooling, effectively improve the security performance of battery.
Further, the supporting member 5 in this embodiment is an L-shaped structure, a first end of the supporting member 5 abuts against the sealing member 6, and a second end of the supporting member 5 is welded to the flip sheet 2.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the specific structure of the supporting member 5 is an L-shaped structure, wherein a first end of the supporting member 5 is pressed against the sealing member 6, and a second end of the supporting member 5 can be fixedly connected to the flip sheet 2 by laser welding.
Further, the sealing member 6 in this embodiment is a sealing rubber nail.
It should be noted that, when the sealing member 6 in this embodiment is inserted into the through hole 401 of the fire retardant box 4, it can be bounced open by the air pressure inside the fire retardant box 4, therefore, the sealing member 6 in this embodiment needs to be supported by the supporting member 5 to seal the through hole 401, and the fire retardant is prevented from leaking out of the through hole 401 under the normal use condition of the battery.
Further, the bottom of the top cover plate 1 in this embodiment is recessed upwards to form an installation groove 102, an opening is disposed at the top of the flame-retardant box 4, the flame-retardant box 4 is disposed in the installation groove 102, and the top wall of the installation groove 102 is connected with the edge of the opening of the flame-retardant box 4 in a sealing manner.
It should be noted that the shape of the mounting groove 102 in this embodiment matches the shape of the opening of the fire-retardant box 4, and in addition, the top wall of the mounting groove 102 and the edge of the opening of the fire-retardant box can be hermetically connected in an encapsulating manner, so as to prevent the fire retardant from leaking under normal use conditions of the battery.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, an injection hole 3 is opened at a position corresponding to the mounting groove 102 on the top of the top cover plate 1, the injection hole 3 is communicated with the fire-retardant box 4, and a sealing cover plate is hermetically connected to the injection hole 3.
It should be noted that, the fire retardant can be injected into the fire-retardant box 4 through the injection hole 3 by an operator, and after the fire retardant injection process is completed, the operator connects the sealing cover plate in the injection hole 3 in a sealing manner, so that the fire retardant is prevented from leaking under the normal use condition of the battery. In addition to the sealing of the injection hole 3 by the sealing cap, the injection hole 3 may be sealed by laser welding in the present embodiment.
Further, the surface area of the end of the sealing member 6 exposed to the fire-retardant box 4 in this embodiment is equal to the surface area of the first end of the supporting member 5.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery safety structure in the first embodiment.
It should be noted that, when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery in this embodiment, a large amount of gas is generated inside the battery, the gas pressure rises to extrude the turnover sheet 2 so that the turnover sheet 2 is turned over and deformed, the support member 5 is driven to displace when the turnover sheet 2 is turned over and deformed, so that the support member 5 is separated from the sealing member 6, after the sealing member 6 lacks the support of the support member 5, the sealing member 6 is bounced off under the action of the internal gas pressure of the flame-retardant box 4, at this moment, the flame retardant inside the flame-retardant box 4 is released into the battery from the through hole 401, the internal temperature of the battery can be reduced to a certain extent, and the flame retardant covers above the electrolyte, so as to prevent the electrolyte from being burnt due to contact with air, thereby achieving the effects of cooling, explosion and flame retardance, and effectively improving the safety performance of the battery.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A battery safety structure is characterized by comprising a top cover plate, a turnover sheet and a flame retardant box with a flame retardant filled inside;
the top cover plate is provided with a mounting hole used for being communicated with the interior of a battery, the periphery of the turnover piece is hermetically connected with the hole wall of the mounting hole, the flame-retardant box is fixed at the bottom of the top cover plate, the outer side wall of the flame-retardant box is provided with a through hole communicated with the interior of the flame-retardant box, a sealing piece is inserted in the through hole, the turnover piece is connected with a supporting piece, and a first end part of the supporting piece, far away from the turnover piece, is abutted against the sealing piece so as to support the sealing piece to seal the through hole;
when the pressure that the upset piece received reaches preset pressure value, the upset piece upset warp and drive support piece breaks away from the sealing member, the sealing member receives the inside atmospheric pressure effect of fire-retardant box is bounced open, the fire retardant is followed the through-hole releases.
2. The battery safety structure according to claim 1, wherein the supporting member has an L-shaped structure, a first end of the supporting member abuts against the sealing member, and a second end of the supporting member is welded to the flip sheet.
3. The battery safety structure according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member is a sealing rubber nail.
4. The battery safety structure according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the top cover plate is recessed upward to form a mounting groove, an opening is formed at the top of the fire-retardant box, the fire-retardant box is disposed in the mounting groove, and the top wall of the mounting groove is connected with the edge of the opening of the fire-retardant box in a sealing manner.
5. The battery safety structure according to claim 4, wherein a filling hole is formed at a position corresponding to the mounting groove at the top of the top cap plate, the filling hole is communicated with the flame retardant cartridge, and a sealing cap plate is hermetically connected to the filling hole.
6. The battery safety structure according to claim 1, wherein a surface area of the end of the sealing member exposed to the fire retardant case is equal to a surface area of the first end of the support member.
7. The battery safety structure according to claim 1, wherein the preset pressure value is less than a critical pressure value at the time of combustion or explosion of the battery.
8. A battery comprising the battery safety structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
CN202211164498.6A 2022-09-23 2022-09-23 Battery safety structure and battery Pending CN115425342A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211164498.6A CN115425342A (en) 2022-09-23 2022-09-23 Battery safety structure and battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211164498.6A CN115425342A (en) 2022-09-23 2022-09-23 Battery safety structure and battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115425342A true CN115425342A (en) 2022-12-02

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CN202211164498.6A Pending CN115425342A (en) 2022-09-23 2022-09-23 Battery safety structure and battery

Country Status (1)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009081059A (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-16 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Lithium secondary battery
CN104487142A (en) * 2012-06-01 2015-04-01 可信自动喷水设备股份有限公司 Flexible dry sprinklers
CN113422133A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-21 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 Structure for preventing battery thermal runaway, battery shell and battery
CN215008493U (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-12-03 江苏塔菲尔新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery top cover structure for preventing battery thermal runaway and battery

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009081059A (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-16 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Lithium secondary battery
CN104487142A (en) * 2012-06-01 2015-04-01 可信自动喷水设备股份有限公司 Flexible dry sprinklers
CN113422133A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-21 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 Structure for preventing battery thermal runaway, battery shell and battery
CN215008493U (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-12-03 江苏塔菲尔新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery top cover structure for preventing battery thermal runaway and battery

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