CN115422824A - Multicolor LED mixed light optimal solution calculation method - Google Patents
Multicolor LED mixed light optimal solution calculation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calculation method for a multi-color LED mixed light optimal solution, and relates to the technical field of illumination. The method comprises the steps of firstly testing to obtain spectral power distribution of light sources of various colors under a rated working state, then calculating chromaticity coordinates of the light sources of various colors in CIE1931-RGB system standard chromaticity observer spectral tristimulus values, then calculating CIE1931-XYZ tristimulus values, CIE1931-XYZ chromaticity coordinates and CIE1960-UCS chromaticity coordinates of the light sources of various colors, then taking representative 30 color temperature points as light mixing result target points in a color temperature range of 1000K-10000K on the basis of a seven-order blackbody locus function, calculating light mixing to obtain the duty ratio required by the target points, searching points with better Ra, rg and Rf expressions in each color temperature point and relevant color temperature thereof, storing data, and finally optimizing through a genetic algorithm. The invention starts from the light mixing principle, uses the chromaticity coordinate to calculate the duty ratio, and uses the genetic algorithm to optimize, so that the calculation time of the invention can be greatly reduced compared with the traversal method under the same calculation precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of illumination, and particularly relates to a calculation method for a multi-color LED mixed light optimal solution.
Background
The multi-color LED mixed light is a common model of lighting lamps in some professional fields, and RGBW (red, green, blue, and white light), RGBCW (red, green, blue, cold, and warm white light), and the like are common. The mixed light result obtained by the multicolor LED is expressed in CIE1931 chromaticity space as the maximum area surrounded by each LED coordinate point.
In the field of lighting, color temperature and correlated color temperature are commonly used to describe the color of white light. When the light source and a black body of a certain temperature have the same color, the temperature of the black body is used to describe the color of the light source, i.e., the color temperature. The chromaticity coordinates of a black body at each temperature in CIE1931 are shown as a curve, which is called the black body locus. For a light source whose coordinates do not lie on the blackbody locus, its color temperature is described by the color temperature of the point on the blackbody locus closest in distance, i.e., the correlated color temperature. The reducing power of a light source to an object color is called a Color Rendering Index (CRI), and generally, the color rendering index is divided into a general color rendering index (Ra) and a special color rendering index (R1 to R15), and the maximum value thereof is 100.TM-30 uses two indexes of fidelity (Rf) and saturation (Rg) to jointly evaluate the color quality, and the closer the value is to 100, the higher the color quality of the light source is considered.
In practical applications, when the control mixing coordinates fall on the blackbody locus, the optimal performance results of Ra, rf and Rg are usually not obtained, and a better correlated color temperature needs to be found at the color temperature. The existing light mixing technology generally adopts a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technology to control LEDs, and different light mixing effects are achieved by changing the duty ratio of each LED. The calculation of the duty ratio is mostly ergodic, namely the duty ratio of each LED is changed by fixed step length, and the duty ratio combination with better performance is selected;
however, in the prior art, the duty ratio for light mixing is mostly obtained by changing a fixed step length and completely traversing LEDs of various colors, in order to pursue better color expression, the colors of LEDs participating in light mixing are more and more, from the initial cool and warm white light to the current RGBW and RGBCW light mixing, along with the increase of the number of LEDs of different colors participating in light mixing, the time required by the fixed step length traversal method is exponentially increased, and the calculation of a group of four-color LED lamp beads needs tens of hours or even hundreds of hours.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calculation method for mixed light optimal solution of a multicolor LED, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a multicolor LED mixed light optimal solution calculation method, which comprises a coordinate calculation method, wherein the coordinate calculation method is based on two chromaticity systems CIE1931 and CIE1960, a point on a blackbody locus and the correlated color temperature of the point in the range of 1000K-10000K is taken as a target point, and the proportion required by a given light source to reach the target point is solved, and the coordinate calculation method comprises the following steps:
s1, testing to obtain spectral power distribution of light sources of various colors in a rated working state;
s2, calculating chromaticity coordinates of light sources of various colors in the spectrum tristimulus values of a standard chromaticity observer of the CIE1931-RGB system;
s3, calculating CIE1931-XYZ tristimulus values of light sources of all colors;
s4, calculating CIE1931-XYZ chromaticity coordinates of the light sources of all colors;
s5, calculating CIE1960-UCS chromaticity coordinates of light sources of all colors;
s6, taking a seven-order blackbody locus function as a basis, taking 30 representative color temperature points in a color temperature range of 1000K-10000K, and calculating a vertical line function of each selected color temperature point on the blackbody locus in a CIE1960-UCS chromaticity system;
s7, selecting 20 related color temperature points near each point on a vertical line in a CIE1960-UCS chromaticity system according to each selected color temperature point calculated in the S6 at a fixed distance, recording coordinates (u, v) of the color temperature points, and converting the coordinates into coordinates (x, y) of a CIE1931-XYZ chromaticity system;
s8, mixing LEDs with different colors and close to chromaticity coordinates in a fixed step length to obtain a group of mixed LED data, wherein the mixed number depends on the number of the LEDs with different colors, the mixed data is regarded as the LEDs with one color, one mixed LED is obtained by mixing at most three initial LEDs, and the number of the LEDs participating in calculation is three finally; and calculating to obtain chromaticity coordinates (x, y) of the three LEDs in CIE 1931-XYZ;
s9, calculating mixed light by using the three LEDs obtained in the S8 to obtain the duty ratio required by the target point selected on the blackbody track;
s10, searching points with better Ra, rg and Rf performances in each color temperature point and correlated color temperature thereof, and storing data.
Further, in S2, the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,k is the maximum spectral luminous efficacy of the measured light spectral distribution function, is the CIE1931-RGB system standard chromaticity observer spectral tristimulus value.
Further, in S3, the calculation formula is as follows:
further, in S4, the calculation formula is as follows:
further, in S5, the calculation formula is as follows:
further, the seventh order blackbody locus function in S6 is:
v=-14.336088+319.35498u-2990.9729u 2 +15551.2u 3 -48288.335u 4 +89346.075u 5 -91102.316u 6 +39467.868u 7 。
further, in S9, the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein K r 、K g 、K b Duty cycles of three LEDs, x t 、y t Is the chromaticity coordinate, x, of the target point r 、y r 、x g 、y g 、x b 、y b The chromaticity coordinates of three LEDs.
Further, the method comprises a genetic algorithm, wherein the genetic algorithm is used for optimizing each target color temperature point and storing data near the target color temperature point by taking the result obtained in the step S10 as initial data based on the result obtained by the coordinate calculation method, and the genetic algorithm comprises the following steps:
carrying out binary coding on the duty ratios of the LEDs of all colors obtained by the coordinate calculation method, wherein each duty ratio corresponds to 10-bit binary coding, the total coding length is 10n, and n is the color number of the LEDs;
calculating codes to obtain a light mixing result of the duty ratio corresponding to the codes, wherein the light mixing result comprises CCT, ra, rf and Rg, and the group of data is a parent population;
selecting 30 color temperature points in a color temperature range of 1000K-10000K in the coordinate calculation method one by one as a target color temperature TargetCCT calculated by a genetic algorithm;
according to the light mixing result, performing non-dominated sorting on each group of data, wherein sorting reference values are | TargetCCT-CCT |, (100-Ra), (100-Rf) and |100-Rg |, and calculating the crowding degree;
selecting two groups of data in the parent population by using a championship selection method, crossing the two groups of data, and storing crossed results in the offspring population;
randomly selecting to carry out variation in the parent population, calculating a corresponding light mixing result of the duty ratio result after the variation, and storing the result in the offspring population;
VII, performing non-dominated sorting on results in the offspring population, and eliminating offspring which are sorted later;
and VIII, repeating IV-VII.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention starts from the light mixing principle, uses the chromaticity coordinate to calculate the duty ratio, and uses the genetic algorithm to optimize, thereby greatly reducing the time required by calculation under the same calculation precision.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of CIE1931 chromaticity coordinates and blackbody locus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention is a method for calculating mixed light optimal solution of a multicolor LED, including a coordinate calculation method and a genetic algorithm, wherein the coordinate calculation method is based on two chromaticity systems CIE1931 and CIE1960, and uses a point on a black body locus and a point having a correlated color temperature within a range of 1000K-10000K as a target point, and solves a ratio required by a given light source to reach the target point, wherein the coordinate calculation method specifically includes the following steps:
s1, testing to obtain spectral power distribution of light sources of various colors in a rated working state;
s2, calculating chromaticity coordinates of the light sources of the various colors in the spectrum tristimulus values of the standard chromaticity observer of the CIE1931-RGB system, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,k is the maximum spectral luminous efficacy of the measured light spectral distribution function, the tristimulus values of the spectrum of a CIE1931-RGB system standard chromaticity observer;
s3, calculating CIE1931-XYZ tristimulus values of light sources of all colors, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
s4, calculating CIE1931-XYZ chromaticity coordinates of light sources of all colors, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
s5, calculating CIE1960-UCS chromaticity coordinates of light sources of all colors, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
s6, taking a seven-order blackbody locus function as a basis, taking 30 representative color temperature points in a color temperature range of 1000K-10000K, and calculating a vertical line function of each selected color temperature point on a blackbody locus in a CIE1960-UCS chromaticity system, wherein the seven-order blackbody locus function is as follows:
v=-14.336088+319.35498u-2990.9729u 2 +15551.2u 3 -48288.335u 4 +89346.075u 5 -91102.316u 6 +39467.868u 7 ;
s7, selecting 20 related color temperature points near each point on a vertical line in a CIE1960-UCS chromaticity system according to each selected color temperature point calculated in the S6 at a fixed distance, recording coordinates (u, v) of the color temperature points, and converting the coordinates into coordinates (x, y) of a CIE1931-XYZ chromaticity system;
s8, mixing LEDs with different colors and close to chromaticity coordinates in a fixed step length to obtain a group of mixed LED data, wherein the mixed number depends on the number of the LEDs with different colors, the mixed data is regarded as the LEDs with one color, one mixed LED is obtained by mixing at most three initial LEDs, and the number of the LEDs participating in calculation is three finally; and calculating to obtain chromaticity coordinates (x, y) of the three LEDs in CIE 1931-XYZ;
and S9, calculating mixed light by using the three LEDs obtained in S8 to obtain the duty ratio required by the target point selected on the blackbody locus, wherein in the embodiment, the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein K r 、K g 、K b Duty cycles of three LEDs, x t 、y t Is a target ofChromaticity coordinate of a point, x r 、y r 、x g 、y g 、x b 、y b Chromaticity coordinates for three LEDs;
s10, searching points with better Ra, rg and Rf performances in each color temperature point and correlated color temperature thereof, and storing data.
The genetic algorithm optimizes each target color temperature point and stores data near the target color temperature point by using the result obtained in S10 as initial data based on the result obtained by the coordinate calculation method, and in this embodiment, the genetic algorithm specifically includes the following steps:
carrying out binary coding on the duty ratios of the LEDs with various colors obtained in the coordinate calculation method, wherein each duty ratio corresponds to 10-bit binary coding, the total coding length is 10n, and n is the number of the colors of the LEDs;
calculating the codes to obtain a light mixing result of the duty ratio corresponding to the codes, wherein the light mixing result comprises CCT, ra, rf and Rg, and the group of data is a parent population;
selecting 30 color temperature points in a color temperature range of 1000K-10000K in the coordinate calculation method one by one as a target color temperature TargetCCT calculated by a genetic algorithm;
according to the light mixing result, performing non-dominated sorting on each group of data, wherein sorting reference values are | TargetCCT-CCT |, (100-Ra), (100-Rf) and |100-Rg |, and calculating the crowdedness;
selecting two groups of data in the parent population by using a championship selection method, crossing the two groups of data, and storing crossed results in the offspring population;
randomly selecting to carry out variation in the parent population, calculating the corresponding mixed light result of the duty ratio result after variation, and storing the result in the offspring population;
VII, performing non-dominated sorting on the results in the offspring population, and eliminating the offspring which are sorted later;
the tournament selection method is an existing mature method, and has the core idea that a certain number of individuals are randomly selected from a parent generation in the process of each evolution, an individual with the highest fitness is selected from the individuals to carry out genetic operation, and the process is repeatedly operated until the scales of a progeny population and a parent population are the same, so that the details are not repeated;
and VIII, repeating IV-VII.
In the traversal calculation method, the number of LEDs in different colors participating in light mixing is increased exponentially during calculation, the number of LEDs in different colors participating in light mixing is increased, and the calculation method is shorter in time ratio compared with the traversal method, for example, under the conditions of five-color light mixing and duty ratio accuracy of 0.001, the calculation time of the traversal method is about 200 hours, and the calculation time of the method is about 6 hours;
in addition, in the coordinate calculation method, calculation is only carried out with lower precision, and the calculation precision is improved when genetic algorithm calculation is used later, so that the calculation efficiency can be improved better;
in conclusion, the invention can be seen from the light mixing principle, the duty ratio is calculated by using the chromaticity coordinate, and the genetic algorithm is used for optimization.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A multicolor LED mixed light optimal solution calculation method is characterized by comprising a coordinate calculation method, wherein the coordinate calculation method comprises the following steps:
s1, testing to obtain spectral power distribution of light sources of various colors in a rated working state;
s2, calculating chromaticity coordinates of light sources of various colors in the spectrum tristimulus values of a standard chromaticity observer of the CIE1931-RGB system;
s3, calculating CIE1931-XYZ tristimulus values of light sources of all colors;
s4, calculating CIE1931-XYZ chromaticity coordinates of light sources of all colors;
s5, calculating CIE1960-UCS chromaticity coordinates of light sources of all colors;
s6, taking 30 representative color temperature points within a range of 1000K-10000K of color temperature on the basis of a seven-order blackbody locus function, and calculating a vertical line function of each selected color temperature point on a blackbody locus in a CIE1960-UCS chromaticity system;
s7, selecting 20 related color temperature points near each point on a vertical line in a CIE1960-UCS chromaticity system according to each selected color temperature point calculated in the S6 at a fixed distance, recording coordinates (u, v) of the color temperature points, and converting the coordinates into coordinates (x, y) of a CIE1931-XYZ chromaticity system;
s8, mixing LEDs with different colors and close to chromaticity coordinates in a fixed step length to obtain a group of mixed LED data, wherein the mixed number depends on the number of the LEDs with different colors, the mixed data is regarded as the LEDs with one color, one mixed LED is obtained by mixing at most three initial LEDs, and the number of the LEDs participating in calculation is three finally; and calculating to obtain chromaticity coordinates (x, y) of the three LEDs in CIE 1931-XYZ;
s9, calculating mixed light by using the three LEDs obtained in S8 to obtain the duty ratio required by the target point selected on the blackbody locus;
s10, searching points with better Ra, rg and Rf performances in each color temperature point and correlated color temperature thereof, and storing data.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2, the calculation formula is as follows:
6. the method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the seven-order blackbody locus function in S6 is:
v=-14.336088+319.35498u-2990.9729u 2 +15551.2u 3 -48288.335u 4 +89346.075u 5 -91102.316u 6 +39467.868u 7 。
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising a genetic algorithm, wherein the genetic algorithm comprises the steps of:
I. binary coding is carried out on the duty ratios of the LEDs with various colors obtained in the coordinate calculation method, each duty ratio corresponds to 10-bit binary coding, the total coding length is 10n, and n is the color number of the LEDs;
II, calculating codes to obtain a light mixing result of the duty ratio corresponding to the codes, wherein the light mixing result comprises CCT, ra, rf and Rg, and the group of data is a parent population;
III, taking 30 color temperature points selected in the color temperature interval of 1000K-10000K in the coordinate calculation method as the target color temperature TargetCCT calculated by a genetic algorithm one by one;
according to the light mixing result, performing non-dominated sorting on each group of data, wherein sorting reference values are | TargetCCT-CCT |, (100-Ra), (100-Rf) and |100-Rg |, and calculating the crowdedness;
v, selecting two groups of data in the parent population by using a championship selection method, crossing the two groups of data, and storing crossed results in the offspring population;
randomly selecting to carry out variation in the parent population, calculating a corresponding mixed light result of the varied duty ratio result, and storing the result in the offspring population;
VII, performing non-dominated sorting on results in the offspring population, and eliminating offspring in the later sorting;
repeat IV-VII.
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