CN115420476A

CN115420476A - Optical cable-based railway health monitoring method, device, equipment and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN115420476A
Application number: CN202211366055.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈雄颖; 蔡俊; 罗丁元; 李德炎; 刘德良; 邓林波; 闫佐辉; 唐根
Original assignee: Qualsen International Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Qualsen International Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-03
Filing date: 2022-11-03
Publication date: 2022-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-03
Also published as: CN115420476B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and discloses a railway health monitoring method, a railway health monitoring device, railway health monitoring equipment and a storage medium based on optical cables. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial vibration signal of a railway track running area; preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain the corresponding relation between a target vibration signal and a railway track running area; demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal; comparing the distribution state of the target vibration signal with the signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal to obtain a comparison result; and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to perform data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result. The optical vibration signal of the railway track running area is analyzed, the health state of the optical cable of the railway track is evaluated, and abnormal alarm is given according to the evaluation result.

Description

Optical cable-based railway health monitoring method, device, equipment and storage medium

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a railway health monitoring method, device, equipment and storage medium based on optical cables.

Background

In the prior art, the optical fiber equipment in the optical cable cannot be deviated in underwater, underground and other scenes where wireless signals cannot penetrate. Remote mountainous areas and other areas with poor wireless signals cannot be used; the wireless base station signal is uncontrollable, the network fault recovery time cannot be guaranteed, meanwhile, the sensors come from a plurality of manufacturers, the monitoring platform is not uniform, and the operation is inconvenient.

Therefore, how to evaluate the health status of the optical cable of the railway track by analyzing the optical vibration signal of the railway track running area and perform abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result to realize the evaluation and prediction of the health status of the railway track becomes a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to evaluate the health status of the optical cable of the railway track by analyzing the optical vibration signal of the railway track running area and perform abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result.

The invention provides a railway health monitoring method based on an optical cable in a first aspect, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an optical signal returned in real time in an optical cable of a railway track running area, modulating the optical signal and generating an initial vibration signal, wherein the optical cable is arranged on a railway track; preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain a target vibration signal, and acquiring a corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and the railway track running area, wherein the preprocessing comprises noise reduction processing and filtering processing; demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating a distribution state of the target vibration signal, wherein the distribution state comprises a fluctuation value distribution state, a frequency distribution state and a phase distribution state of the target vibration signal; comparing the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal which is the same as the corresponding railway track running area based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result; and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to carry out data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result.

Optionally, in a first implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, before the acquiring an optical signal returned in real time in an optical cable in a railway track running area, and modulating the optical signal to generate a vibration signal, the method further includes: acquiring a track vibration signal generated on the railway track when an operating vehicle operates on the basis of a preset optical cable under the condition that the optical cable in the railway track operation area is healthy, and taking the track vibration signal as a sample vibration signal; and establishing a mapping relation between the sample vibration signal and a corresponding railway track area when the sample vibration signal is collected, and associating the sample vibration signal with the corresponding railway track area based on the mapping relation.

Optionally, in a second implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, before the acquiring an optical signal returned in real time in an optical cable in a railway track running area, and modulating the optical signal to generate a vibration signal, the method further includes: and fitting the sample vibration signal to obtain signal waveform data transmitted by the sample vibration signal on the operation area.

Optionally, in a third implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the acquiring an optical signal returned in real time from an optical cable in a railway track running area, and modulating the optical signal to generate an initial vibration signal includes: collecting a first optical signal returned in real time in an optical cable of a railway track running area, and determining a target modulation range of the first optical signal; sending the first optical signal to a modulator, and modulating the first optical signal based on the target modulation range to obtain a second optical signal; inputting the second optical signal into a preset convolution neural network to carry out convolution calculation on the second optical signal to obtain a target optical signal; performing signal conversion on the target optical signal to obtain a target electrical signal, and determining a modulation phase sequence of the modulator corresponding to a preset wavelength based on the target electrical signal; based on the modulation phase sequence, an initial vibration signal is generated.

Optionally, in a fourth implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal includes: preprocessing the target vibration signal, and performing discrete wavelet transform on the preprocessed target vibration signal to obtain a frequency spectrum of a wavelet coefficient; calculating the energy and mel log power spectrum of the wavelet coefficient based on the frequency spectrum of the wavelet coefficient; and performing discrete wavelet transform on the mel logarithmic power spectrum to obtain wavelet transform spectrum amplitude, and determining the distribution state of the target vibration signal based on the wavelet transform spectrum amplitude.

Optionally, in a fifth implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, after the demodulating the target vibration signal and calculating a distribution state of the target vibration signal, the method further includes: extracting the characteristics of the amplitude of the target vibration signal to obtain the amplitude characteristics of the target vibration signal; judging whether the amplitude change corresponding to the target vibration signal is larger than a preset amplitude change threshold value or not based on the amplitude feature; and if so, determining a vibration position corresponding to the target vibration signal, and marking a vibration event corresponding to the vibration position as the water immersion of the optical cable.

Optionally, in a sixth implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the comparing, based on a distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value, the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal that is the same in a corresponding railway track running area to obtain a comparison result includes: determining a disturbance signal in the target vibration signal based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal, and removing the disturbance signal to obtain an effective vibration signal; extracting the characteristics of the effective vibration signals to obtain vibration signal characteristic data of the effective vibration signals; and comparing the target vibration signal with the same signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal corresponding to the same railway track running area based on the vibration signal characteristic data and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result.

The invention provides a railway health monitoring device based on optical cables in a second aspect, which comprises: the modulation module is used for collecting optical signals returned in real time in optical cables in a railway track running area, modulating the optical signals and generating initial vibration signals, wherein the optical cables are arranged on a railway track; the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain a target vibration signal and acquiring the corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and the railway track running area, wherein the preprocessing comprises noise reduction processing and filtering processing; the demodulation module is used for demodulating the target vibration signal and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal, wherein the distribution state comprises a fluctuation value distribution state, a frequency distribution state and a phase distribution state of the target vibration signal; the comparison module is used for comparing the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal which is the same as the corresponding railway track running area based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result; and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result and determining whether to carry out data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result.

Optionally, in a first implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the optical cable-based railway health monitoring apparatus further includes: the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a track vibration signal generated on a railway track when an operating vehicle operates based on a preset optical cable in the healthy state of the optical cable in the railway track operation area, and taking the track vibration signal as a sample vibration signal; and the association module is used for establishing a mapping relation between the sample vibration signal and a corresponding railway track area when the sample vibration signal is acquired, and associating the sample vibration signal with the corresponding railway track area based on the mapping relation.

Optionally, in a second implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the optical cable-based railway health monitoring apparatus further includes: and the fitting module is used for fitting the sample vibration signal to obtain signal waveform data transmitted by the sample vibration signal on the operation area.

Optionally, in a third implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the modulation module is specifically configured to: collecting a first optical signal returned in real time in an optical cable of a railway track running area, and determining a target modulation range of the first optical signal; sending the first optical signal to a modulator, and modulating the first optical signal based on the target modulation range to obtain a second optical signal; inputting the second optical signal into a preset convolution neural network to carry out convolution calculation on the second optical signal to obtain a target optical signal; performing signal conversion on the target optical signal to obtain a target electrical signal, and determining a modulation phase sequence of the modulator corresponding to a preset wavelength based on the target electrical signal; an initial vibration signal is generated based on the modulation phase sequence.

Optionally, in a fourth implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the demodulation module includes: the discrete transform unit is used for preprocessing the target vibration signal and performing discrete wavelet transform on the preprocessed target vibration signal to obtain a frequency spectrum of a wavelet coefficient; a calculating unit, configured to calculate an energy and mel log power spectrum of the wavelet coefficient based on the spectrum of the wavelet coefficient; and the determining unit is used for performing discrete wavelet transform on the mel logarithmic power spectrum to obtain the amplitude of a wavelet transform spectrum and determining the distribution state of the target vibration signal based on the amplitude of the wavelet transform spectrum.

Optionally, in a fifth implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the optical cable-based railway health monitoring apparatus further includes: the characteristic extraction module is used for extracting the characteristics of the amplitude of the target vibration signal to obtain the amplitude characteristics of the target vibration signal; the judging module is used for judging whether the amplitude change corresponding to the target vibration signal is larger than a preset amplitude change threshold value or not based on the amplitude feature; and the marking module is used for determining a vibration position corresponding to the target vibration signal if the target vibration signal is detected, and marking a vibration event corresponding to the vibration position as the optical cable water immersion.

Optionally, in a sixth implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the comparing module is specifically configured to: determining a disturbance signal in the target vibration signal based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal, and removing the disturbance signal to obtain an effective vibration signal; extracting the characteristics of the effective vibration signals to obtain vibration signal characteristic data of the effective vibration signals; and comparing the target vibration signal with the same signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal corresponding to the same railway track running area based on the vibration signal characteristic data and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an optical cable-based railway health monitoring device, comprising: a memory having instructions stored therein and at least one processor, the memory and the at least one processor interconnected by a line;

the at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the fiber optic cable-based railroad health monitoring device to perform the steps of the fiber optic cable-based railroad health monitoring method described above.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the cable-based railroad health monitoring method described above.

In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the initial vibration signal of the railway track running area is acquired; preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain the corresponding relation between a target vibration signal and a railway track running area; demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal; comparing the distribution state of the target vibration signal with the signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal to obtain a comparison result; and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to perform data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result. The optical vibration signal of the railway track running area is analyzed, the health state of the optical cable of the railway track is evaluated, and abnormal alarm is given according to the evaluation result.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a method for monitoring the health of a railway based on an optical fiber cable according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the optical cable-based railway health monitoring method provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the cable-based railroad health monitoring method provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a cable-based railroad health monitoring device provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a cable-based railroad health monitoring device provided in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the optical cable-based railway health monitoring apparatus provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the invention provides a railway health monitoring method, a device, equipment and a storage medium based on optical cables, and the technical scheme of the invention is that firstly, an initial vibration signal of a railway track running area is acquired; preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain the corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and the railway track running area; demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal; comparing the distribution state of the target vibration signal with the signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal to obtain a comparison result; and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to carry out data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result. The optical vibration signal of the railway track running area is analyzed, the health state of the optical cable of the railway track is evaluated, and abnormal alarm is given according to the evaluation result.

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be implemented in other sequences than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

For ease of understanding, a detailed flow of an embodiment of the present invention is described below, and referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of a method for monitoring health of a railway based on an optical fiber cable according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

101. collecting optical signals returned in real time in an optical cable of a railway track running area, and modulating the optical signals to generate initial vibration signals;

in this embodiment, the modulation technique is a process of converting a signal generated by a source into a form suitable for wireless transmission. After sampling and quantizing the analog signal, the binary digital signal '1' or '0' is used to modulate the on-off of optical carrier and perform Pulse Code (PCM). The digital modulation has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, and no accumulation of noise and dispersion influence during relay, so that long-distance transmission can be realized. Its disadvantages are the need for a wider frequency band and the complexity of the equipment.

In particular, a high frequency electrical oscillation modulated by a modulation signal is referred to as a modulated wave or modulated signal. The modulated signal is transmitted to a receiving end through a channel, and the modulated signal is restored to an original baseband signal after being demodulated at the receiving end. Demodulation is the inverse of modulation and is the process of extracting the modulated signal from the modulated wave. Dual modulation is often employed in radio communications. The first step modulates a first carrier (called a subcarrier) with a digital or analog signal. Or multiplexing (frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing) is realized by using a modulation technique in multiplex communication. The second step re-modulates a common carrier with the modulated sub-carrier or multiplexed signal for radio transmission. The second step of modulation is called quadratic modulation. Modulating a high frequency carrier with a baseband signal allows antenna size reduction in radio transmission and facilitates long-distance transmission. The anti-interference capability of signals can be improved by applying a modulation technology.

In the present embodiment, the modulation method in which both the modulation signal and the carrier are continuous waves is generally referred to. It has three basic forms of amplitude modulation, frequency modulation and phase modulation. Amplitude Modulation (AM): the amplitude of the carrier wave is controlled by the modulation signal so that the amplitude of the carrier wave varies with the modulation signal. The modulated wave is called amplitude modulated wave; frequency Modulation (FM): the oscillation frequency of the carrier wave is controlled by the modulation signal so that the frequency of the carrier wave varies with the modulation signal. The modulated wave is called frequency modulated wave; phase Modulation (PM): the phase of the carrier is controlled by the modulation signal such that the phase of the carrier varies with the modulation signal. The modulated wave is called a phase modulated wave.

102. Preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain a target vibration signal, and acquiring a corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and a railway track running area;

in the embodiment, optical fiber length nodes corresponding to vibration signals generated by running of running vehicles are monitored in real time through a track accompanying optical cable, and track positions corresponding to the optical fiber length nodes are obtained to serve as running areas of the running vehicles; and monitoring a target vibration signal in real time through an optical fiber length node corresponding to the railway track.

Recording the running vehicle carrying the surveying and mapping system as a surveying and mapping running vehicle, carrying out geographical surveying and mapping through the surveying and mapping system arranged on the surveying and mapping running vehicle, and acquiring geographical coordinate information of the railway track in real time; acquiring vibration signals generated by running vehicles on a railway track through optical fibers in the accompanying optical cable of the railway track; preprocessing a vibration signal corresponding to a surveying and mapping running vehicle to obtain a target vibration signal, and acquiring an optical fiber length node corresponding to the target vibration signal according to the length of the surveying and mapping running vehicle and the installation position of a surveying and mapping system on the surveying and mapping running vehicle; and associating the geographic coordinate information acquired by the same mapping running vehicle at the same time with the generated target vibration signal to realize the mapping between the optical fiber length node corresponding to the target vibration signal and the geographic coordinate information, thereby acquiring the corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and the railway track running area.

103. Demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal;

in this embodiment, demodulation is a process of recovering a message from a modulated signal carrying information. In various information transmission or processing systems, a transmitting end modulates a carrier wave with a message to be transmitted, generating a signal carrying the message. The receiver must recover the transmitted message for use, which is demodulation.

Further, demodulation is the inverse of modulation. The modulation modes are different, and the demodulation methods are different. Demodulation can be classified into sine wave demodulation (sometimes also referred to as continuous wave demodulation) and pulse wave demodulation, corresponding to the classification of modulation. Sine wave demodulation can be further subdivided into amplitude demodulation, frequency demodulation, and phase demodulation, in addition to variants such as single sideband signal demodulation, vestigial sideband signal demodulation, and the like. Similarly, pulse wave demodulation can be classified into pulse amplitude demodulation, pulse phase demodulation, pulse width demodulation, pulse code demodulation, and the like. Multiple demodulation needs to be provided for multiple modulation.

The demodulation process generally involves two main steps: firstly, the frequency spectrum which is near the carrier and carries useful information is moved to a baseband, and then a corresponding filter is used for filtering out a baseband signal to complete a demodulation task. Specifically, the demodulation methods include sine wave amplitude demodulation, sine wave angle demodulation, and resonance demodulation techniques.

In this embodiment, the amplitude and the frequency of the vibration signal can be analyzed, and then the fluctuation degree and the frequency distribution state of the vibration signal can be obtained. The six-axis fluctuation is extremely small in the static state and sharply increased in the active state based on the attribute characteristics of the static and active machines, and the fluctuation degree is along with the intensity of the active. Therefore, the machine can be judged to be in a movable or static state through the calculated fluctuation degree of the vibration signal. In addition, since the idling state of the machine is relatively stable in vibration of the machine compared to the running state when the machine is in the active state. Therefore, the fluctuation degree distribution and the frequency distribution of the vibration signal can be obtained by analyzing the fluctuation degree and the frequency of the acquired vibration signal.

104. Comparing the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of sample vibration signals which correspond to the same railway track running area based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result;

in this embodiment, the target vibration signals and the sample vibration signals which are the same in the corresponding running area of the running vehicle are compared to obtain the signal difference between the two signals, so that the monitoring state of the railway track is evaluated according to the change of the current target vibration signal relative to the sample vibration signal, and the abnormal condition is timely obtained according to the target vibration signal, so that the railway track abnormal investigation program is timely started, the railway track is specially detected and evaluated, and the safe use of the railway track is ensured.

Specifically, the mapping relationship between the optical fiber length node of the track accompanying optical cable and the track position can be obtained according to the existing mode of arranging the grating sensor on the track accompanying optical cable or the mode of holding the optical detector, and the target vibration signal is compared with the signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal corresponding to the same railway track running area based on the distribution state and the preset weight value of the target vibration signal to obtain a comparison result.

105. And evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to perform data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result.

In the embodiment of the invention, the initial vibration signal of the railway track running area is acquired; preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain the corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and the railway track running area; demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal; comparing the distribution state of the target vibration signal with the signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal to obtain a comparison result; and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to carry out data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result. The optical vibration signal of the railway track running area is analyzed, the health state of the optical cable of the railway track is evaluated, and abnormal alarm is given according to the evaluation result.

Referring to fig. 2, a second embodiment of the method for monitoring health of a railway based on an optical cable according to the present invention includes:

201. acquiring a track vibration signal generated on a railway track when an operating vehicle operates based on a preset optical cable under the healthy state of the optical cable in a railway track operation area, and taking the track vibration signal as a sample vibration signal;

in the embodiment, the running vehicle with the surveying and mapping system is recorded as a surveying and mapping running vehicle, geographical surveying and mapping are carried out through the surveying and mapping system arranged on the surveying and mapping running vehicle, and geographical coordinate information of the track is collected in real time; collecting vibration signals generated by running vehicles on a track through optical fibers in a track accompanying optical cable; recording a vibration signal corresponding to the surveying and mapping running vehicle as a target vibration signal, and acquiring an optical fiber length node corresponding to the target vibration signal according to the length of the surveying and mapping running vehicle and the installation position of a surveying and mapping system on the surveying and mapping running vehicle; and associating the geographic coordinate information acquired by the same surveying and mapping running vehicle at the same time with the generated target vibration signal to realize the mapping between the optical fiber length node corresponding to the target vibration signal and the geographic coordinate information, thereby realizing the mapping between the track accompanying optical cable and the position between tracks.

202. Establishing a mapping relation between the sample vibration signal and a corresponding railway track area when the sample vibration signal is acquired, and associating the sample vibration signal with the corresponding railway track area based on the mapping relation;

in the embodiment, vibration signals generated by running vehicles on the track are collected through optical fibers in the track accompanying optical cables; and recording a vibration signal corresponding to the surveying and mapping running vehicle as a target vibration signal, and acquiring an optical fiber length node corresponding to the target vibration signal according to the length of the surveying and mapping running vehicle and the installation position of the surveying and mapping system on the surveying and mapping running vehicle. In the specific implementation, in the step, the vibration signal can be collected through the redundant optical fiber in the track accompanying optical cable.

Specifically, the method for acquiring the optical fiber length node corresponding to the target vibration signal according to the length of the surveying and mapping running vehicle and the mounting position of the surveying and mapping system comprises the following steps: when a target vibration signal generated by a surveying and mapping running vehicle at any moment is obtained, firstly, a length value of an optical fiber length node along a railway is obtained, and a vibration detection range corresponding to the target vibration signal is obtained; the optical fiber length node corresponding to the target vibration signal is an intercepting range which takes the installation position of the surveying and mapping system on the surveying and mapping running vehicle as the center and takes the length value as the diameter in the vibration detection range corresponding to the target vibration signal; the length value is a fixed value.

In this embodiment, the corresponding optical fiber length node n is calculated according to the geographical coordinate information collected by the surveying and mapping vehicle each time in combination with the vibration detection range Dn of the surveying and mapping vehicle. In the specific implementation of this embodiment, the length value corresponds to the mapping vehicle, and the length value is less than or equal to the distance that the corresponding mapping vehicle travels in the adjacent two geographic coordinate information acquisition time intervals, so as to avoid the situation that the same optical fiber length node maps two different geographic coordinates.

203. Fitting the sample vibration signal to obtain signal waveform data transmitted by the sample vibration signal on the operation area;

in this embodiment, an algorithm parameter value of the healthy sample vibration signal transmission mode in a state where the optical cable in the railway track running area is healthy is determined according to the transmission data; and generating a signal waveform of the detection vibration signal transmitted on the railway track according to the sample vibration signal transmission mode determined by the algorithm parameters.

204. Collecting a first optical signal returned in real time in an optical cable of a railway track running area, and determining a target modulation range of the first optical signal;

in this embodiment, first, input data is mapped according to the modulation range of the modulator. For example, an image with original data of [0, 255] is determined, and a target modulation range corresponding to the original data of [0, e ] is determined, in addition, the original data is calculated based on a preset mapping formula, and then is partitioned according to a matrix size of 3 × 3, so that a plurality of data to be processed are obtained.

205. Sending the first optical signal to a modulator, and modulating the first optical signal based on a target modulation range to obtain a second optical signal;

in this embodiment, an optical modulator modulates data onto an input optical signal generated by a transmitter. Then each convolution layer in the operation module in the chip calculates the input optical signal, because the operation module includes: three convolutional layers and an output layer, each convolutional layer comprising an optical matrix multiplier, an accumulator, and a nonlinear operation device.

The output signals of the middle convolutional layer are converted into electric signals by the optical detector in the output module and then stored, then the electric signals are sequenced by the processor of the output module, loaded onto light waves by the optical modulator and transmitted to the next layer for calculation, and the first optical signals are modulated based on the target modulation range to obtain second optical signals.

206. Inputting the second optical signal into a preset convolution neural network to carry out convolution calculation on the second optical signal to obtain a target optical signal;

in this embodiment, the second optical signal is input to a predetermined convolutional neural network to perform convolutional calculation on the second optical signal, and the convolutional layers include an optical matrix multiplier, an accumulator, and a nonlinear operation device. The output signal of the middle convolution layer is converted into an electric signal by a light detector in the output module and then stored, then the electric signal is sequenced by a processor of the output module, and the electric signal is loaded on the light wave by the optical modulator to obtain a target light signal.

207. Performing signal conversion on the target optical signal to obtain a target electric signal, determining a modulation phase sequence of the modulator corresponding to a preset wavelength based on the target electric signal, and generating an initial vibration signal based on the modulation phase sequence;

in this embodiment, the high frequency electrical oscillation modulated by the modulation signal is referred to as a modulated wave or modulated signal. The modulated signal is transmitted to a receiving end through a channel, and the modulated signal is restored to an original baseband signal after being demodulated at the receiving end. Demodulation is the inverse of modulation and is the process of extracting the modulated signal from the modulated wave. Dual modulation is often employed in radio communications. The first step modulates a first carrier (called a subcarrier) with a digital or analog signal. Or multiplexing (frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing) is realized by using a modulation technique in multiplex communication. The second step remodulates a common carrier with the modulated subcarrier or multiplexed signal for radio transmission. The second modulation step is called quadratic modulation. Modulating a high frequency carrier with a baseband signal allows antenna size reduction in radio transmission and facilitates long-distance transmission. The anti-interference capability of signals can be improved by applying a modulation technology.

The modulation mode is divided into analog modulation and digital modulation according to the property of a modulation signal; the modulation method is divided into continuous wave modulation and pulse modulation according to the form of carrier wave. The analog modulation includes Amplitude Modulation (AM), frequency Modulation (FM), and Phase Modulation (PM). Phase Modulation (PM): the phase of the carrier wave is controlled by the modulation signal so that the phase of the carrier wave varies with the modulation signal. The modulated wave is called a phase modulated wave. The amplitude of the phase-modulated wave remains constant and the instantaneous phase angle of the phase-modulated wave deviates from the carrier phase angle by an amount proportional to the instantaneous value of the modulated signal. There is also a corresponding change in the phase angle during frequency modulation, but this phase angle change is not proportional to the modulation signal.

208. Preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain a target vibration signal and acquiring a corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and a railway track running area, wherein the preprocessing comprises noise reduction processing and filtering processing;

209. demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal, wherein the distribution state comprises a fluctuation value distribution state, a frequency distribution state and a phase distribution state of the target vibration signal;

210. comparing the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of sample vibration signals which correspond to the same railway track running area based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result;

211. and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to carry out data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result.

Steps 209-210 in this embodiment are similar to steps 104-105 in the first embodiment, and are not repeated here.

In the embodiment of the invention, the initial vibration signal of the railway track running area is acquired; preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain the corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and the railway track running area; demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal; comparing the distribution state of the target vibration signal with the signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal to obtain a comparison result; and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to perform data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result. The optical vibration signal of the railway track running area is analyzed, the health state of the optical cable of the railway track is evaluated, and abnormal alarm is given according to the evaluation result.

Referring to fig. 3, a third embodiment of the method for monitoring health of a railway based on an optical cable according to the present invention includes:

301. collecting optical signals returned in real time in an optical cable of a railway track running area, and modulating the optical signals to generate initial vibration signals;

302. preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain a target vibration signal, and acquiring a corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and a railway track running area;

303. preprocessing a target vibration signal, and performing discrete wavelet transform on the preprocessed target vibration signal to obtain a frequency spectrum of a wavelet coefficient;

in this embodiment, the discrete wavelet transform is a discretization of the scale and shift of the basic wavelet. In image processing, a binary wavelet is often used as a wavelet transform function, i.e., division by an integer power of 2. Specifically, the cosine transform is a classical spectral analysis tool, and examines the frequency domain characteristics of the whole time domain process or the time domain characteristics of the whole frequency domain process, so that the cosine transform has a good effect on stationary processes, but has many defects on non-stationary processes. In JPEG, discrete cosine transform compresses an image into 8 × 8 small blocks, which are then put into a file in sequence, and this algorithm performs compression by discarding frequency information, so the higher the compression rate of the image, the more frequency information is discarded. In extreme cases, JPEG images retain only basic information reflecting the appearance of the image, and fine image detail is lost. Wavelet transformation is a modern spectral analysis tool, and can examine the frequency domain characteristics of a local time domain process and the time domain characteristics of the local frequency domain process.

304. Calculating the energy and mel logarithmic power spectrum of the wavelet coefficient based on the frequency spectrum of the wavelet coefficient;

in this embodiment, the frequency spectrum is a short term of frequency spectrum density, and is a distribution curve of frequency. The complex oscillations are decomposed into harmonic oscillations of different amplitudes and different frequencies, and the pattern of the amplitude of these harmonic oscillations arranged in terms of frequency is called the frequency spectrum. The spectrum is widely used in optical and radio technologies. The frequency spectrum introduces the study of the signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, thereby bringing more intuitive understanding. The spectrum into which the complicated mechanical vibration is decomposed is called a mechanical vibration spectrum, the spectrum into which the acoustic vibration is decomposed is called an acoustic spectrum, the spectrum into which the optical vibration is decomposed is called a spectrum, the spectrum into which the electromagnetic vibration is decomposed is called an electromagnetic spectrum, and the spectrum is generally included in the range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

In this embodiment, the wavelet coefficients refer to wavelet transform of a given signal, that is, the signal is developed according to a certain wavelet function cluster, that is, the signal is represented as a series of linear combinations of wavelet functions with different scales and different time shifts, wherein the coefficient of each term is called a wavelet coefficient, and the linear combinations of all the wavelet functions with different time shifts in the same scale are called wavelet component of the signal in the scale

The good tight support property in phi (t) time-frequency 2 domains is required to reflect the value Wf (u, s) on the time-frequency box with energy concentration and f (t) taking (u, eta) s (eta is the central frequency of the mother wavelet) as the center, which is called as a wavelet coefficient.

305. Performing discrete wavelet transform on the mel logarithmic power spectrum to obtain the amplitude of a wavelet transform spectrum, and determining the distribution state of a target vibration signal based on the amplitude of the wavelet transform spectrum;

in this embodiment, the distribution state of the vibration signal is calculated, and the distribution state includes a fluctuation value distribution state and/or a frequency distribution state of the vibration signal. In this embodiment, the amplitude and the frequency of the vibration signal may be analyzed, so as to obtain the fluctuation degree and the frequency distribution state of the vibration signal. The six-axis fluctuation in the static state is extremely small, the six-axis fluctuation in the active state is increased sharply, and the fluctuation degree is along with the intensity degree of the activity based on the attribute characteristics of the static state and the activity of the machine. Therefore, the machine can be judged to be in a movable or static state through the calculated fluctuation degree of the vibration signal. In addition, since the idling state of the machine is stable in vibration of the machine compared to the running state when the machine is in the active state. Therefore, the distribution state of the target vibration signal can be determined by analyzing the fluctuation degree and the frequency of the acquired vibration signal to obtain the fluctuation degree distribution and the frequency distribution of the vibration signal.

306. Extracting the characteristics of the amplitude of the target vibration signal to obtain the amplitude characteristics of the target vibration signal;

in the present embodiment, in machine learning, pattern recognition and image processing, feature extraction starts with an initial set of measurement data and establishes derived values (features) intended to provide information and non-redundancy, thereby facilitating subsequent learning and generalization steps and in some cases leading to better interpretability.

A method of transforming a set of measurements for a pattern to emphasize that the pattern has representative characteristics. The method is used for extracting the required characteristics through image analysis and transformation. Feature extraction refers to a method and a process for extracting information which is characteristic in an image by using a computer.

Feature extraction and feature selection both find the most efficient (invariance of homogeneous samples, discrimination of different samples, robustness to noise) features from the original features. Wherein the feature extraction: the original features are converted into a set of features with obvious physical significance (Gabor, geometric features [ corner points, invariant ], texture [ LBP HOG ]) or statistical significance or kernel.

307. Judging whether the amplitude change corresponding to the target vibration signal is larger than a preset amplitude change threshold value or not based on the amplitude feature;

in this embodiment, the amplitude is the maximum absolute value of the instantaneous appearance of the alternating current in a cycle, which is also a sine wave, half the distance from the peak to the trough. The parameters of the signal are typically expressed in terms of amplitude and frequency; the frequency is the number of cycles per unit time.

Wherein the amplitude characteristic value comprises a mean value, a variance, a mean square value and the like.

308. If so, determining a vibration position corresponding to the target vibration signal, and marking a vibration event corresponding to the vibration position as optical cable water immersion;

in this embodiment, a vibration position corresponding to the target vibration signal is determined, and a vibration event corresponding to the vibration position is marked as water logging of the optical cable. Specifically, after water enters the optical cable, OH-absorption loss can be generated in the optical fiber, so that the total attenuation of a channel is increased, even communication is interrupted, after water and moisture enter the optical cable, the atomic structure of an optical fiber material is defective, so that the tensile strength of the optical fiber is reduced, the corrosion phenomenon of a metal component in the optical cable can be caused, so that the strength of the optical cable is reduced, and after the water and the moisture enter the optical cable, when the water and the moisture meet low temperature, the volume is increased after the water is frozen, and the optical fiber can be crushed.

309. Determining a disturbance signal in the target vibration signal based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal, and removing the disturbance signal to obtain an effective vibration signal;

in this embodiment, based on the amplitude and the phase change, a disturbance signal in the target vibration signal is determined, and the disturbance signal is removed to obtain an effective vibration signal; classifying the target vibration signal based on preset node data; and comparing the classified target vibration signal with sample data in a preset database, determining a disturbance signal in the target vibration signal based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal, and removing the disturbance signal to obtain an effective vibration signal.

310. Extracting the characteristics of the effective vibration signals to obtain vibration signal characteristic data of the effective vibration signals;

in this embodiment, fourier transform and orthogonal wavelet transform are performed on the effective vibration signal, so as to obtain fourier transform characteristics and orthogonal wavelet transform characteristics of the effective vibration signal; respectively decomposing the Fourier transform characteristic and the orthogonal wavelet transform characteristic based on a preset empirical mode decomposition method to obtain a plurality of intrinsic mode function components of the effective vibration signal; and respectively acquiring the spectral envelope characteristics of each intrinsic mode function component, and obtaining vibration signal characteristic data of the effective vibration signal according to the spectral envelope characteristics.

311. Comparing the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of a sample vibration signal which corresponds to the same railway track running area on the basis of the vibration signal characteristic data and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result;

Specifically, the mapping relationship between the optical fiber length node of the track accompanying optical cable and the track position can be obtained according to the existing mode of arranging the grating sensor on the track accompanying optical cable or the mode of holding the optical detector, and the target vibration signal is compared with the signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal corresponding to the same railway track running area based on the distribution state and the preset weight value of the target vibration signal, so that the comparison result is obtained.

312. And evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to perform data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result.

In the embodiment, the target vibration signals with the same running area of the corresponding running vehicle are compared with the sample vibration signals to obtain the signal difference between the target vibration signals and the sample vibration signals, so that the monitoring state of the railway track is evaluated according to the change of the current target vibration signals relative to the sample vibration signals, the abnormal condition is known in time according to the target vibration signals, the railway track abnormity troubleshooting program is started in time, the special detection and evaluation are performed on the railway track, and the safe use of the railway track is ensured.

In specific implementation, in this embodiment, the mapping relationship between the optical fiber length node and the track position of the track accompanying optical cable may be obtained according to an existing manner of arranging the grating sensor on the track accompanying optical cable or a manner of holding the optical detector by hand. In specific implementation, the target vibration signals and the sample vibration signals which correspond to the same train operation area can be compared manually to obtain the signal difference between the target vibration signals and the sample vibration signals.

Steps 301 to 302 and 312 in this embodiment are similar to steps 101 to 102 and 105 in the first embodiment, and are not repeated herein.

With reference to fig. 4, the method for monitoring the health of a railway based on an optical cable in the embodiment of the present invention is described above, and a railway health monitoring device based on an optical cable in the embodiment of the present invention is described below, where a first embodiment of the railway health monitoring device based on an optical cable in the embodiment of the present invention includes:

the modulation module 401 is configured to collect an optical signal returned in real time from an optical cable in a railway track running area, and modulate the optical signal to generate an initial vibration signal, where the optical cable is arranged on a track of the railway;

a preprocessing module 402, configured to preprocess the vibration signal to obtain a target vibration signal, and obtain a correspondence between the target vibration signal and the railway track running region, where the preprocessing includes noise reduction processing and filtering processing;

a demodulation module 403, configured to demodulate the target vibration signal and calculate a distribution state of the target vibration signal, where the distribution state includes a fluctuation value distribution state, a frequency distribution state, and a phase distribution state of the target vibration signal;

a comparison module 404, configured to compare the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal that is the same as the corresponding railway track running area based on a distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value, so as to obtain a comparison result;

and the evaluation module 405 is configured to perform health status evaluation on the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determine whether to perform data anomaly alarm according to the evaluation result.

Referring to fig. 5, a second embodiment of the optical cable-based railway health monitoring apparatus according to the present invention specifically includes:

a comparison module 404, configured to compare the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal that is the same as the corresponding railway track running area based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value, so as to obtain a comparison result;

In this embodiment, the optical cable-based railway health monitoring apparatus further includes:

the acquisition module 406 is configured to acquire, based on a preset optical cable, a track vibration signal generated on the railway track when an operating vehicle operates in a healthy state of the optical cable in the railway track operating area, and use the track vibration signal as a sample vibration signal;

the association module 407 is configured to establish a mapping relationship between the sample vibration signal and a corresponding railway track area when the sample vibration signal is acquired, and associate the sample vibration signal with the corresponding railway track area based on the mapping relationship.

In this embodiment, the optical cable-based railway health monitoring device further includes:

and a fitting module 408, configured to fit the sample vibration signal to obtain signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal transmitted on the operating area.

In this embodiment, the modulation module 401 is specifically configured to:

collecting a first optical signal returned in real time in an optical cable of a railway track running area, and determining a target modulation range of the first optical signal;

sending the first optical signal to a modulator, and modulating the first optical signal based on the target modulation range to obtain a second optical signal;

inputting the second optical signal into a preset convolution neural network to carry out convolution calculation on the second optical signal to obtain a target optical signal;

performing signal conversion on the target optical signal to obtain a target electric signal, and determining a modulation phase sequence of the modulator corresponding to a preset wavelength based on the target electric signal;

an initial vibration signal is generated based on the modulation phase sequence.

In this embodiment, the demodulation module 403 includes:

a discrete transform unit 4031, configured to pre-process the target vibration signal, and perform discrete wavelet transform on the pre-processed target vibration signal to obtain a frequency spectrum of a wavelet coefficient;

a calculation unit 4032 for calculating the energy and mel log power spectrum of the wavelet coefficients based on the spectrum of the wavelet coefficients;

a determining unit 4033, configured to perform discrete wavelet transform on the mel logarithmic power spectrum to obtain a wavelet transform spectrum amplitude, and determine a distribution state of the target vibration signal based on the wavelet transform spectrum amplitude.

a feature extraction module 409, configured to perform feature extraction on the amplitude of the target vibration signal to obtain an amplitude feature of the target vibration signal;

a determining module 410, configured to determine, based on the amplitude characteristic, whether an amplitude change corresponding to the target vibration signal is greater than a preset amplitude change threshold;

and the marking module 411 is configured to determine a vibration position corresponding to the target vibration signal if the target vibration signal is detected, and mark a vibration event corresponding to the vibration position as the optical cable water immersion.

In this embodiment, the comparison module 405 is specifically configured to:

determining a disturbance signal in the target vibration signal based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal, and removing the disturbance signal to obtain an effective vibration signal;

extracting the characteristics of the effective vibration signals to obtain vibration signal characteristic data of the effective vibration signals;

and comparing the target vibration signal with the same signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal corresponding to the same railway track running area based on the vibration signal characteristic data and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result.

In the embodiment of the invention, the initial vibration signal of the railway track running area is acquired; preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain the corresponding relation between a target vibration signal and a railway track running area; demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal; comparing the distribution state of the target vibration signal with the signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal to obtain a comparison result; and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to perform data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result. The optical vibration signal of the railway track running area is analyzed, the health state of the optical cable of the railway track is evaluated, and abnormal alarm is given according to the evaluation result.

Fig. 4 and 5 describe the optical cable-based railway health monitoring device in the embodiment of the present invention in detail from the perspective of the modular functional entity, and the optical cable-based railway health monitoring equipment in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail from the perspective of hardware processing.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical cable-based railway health monitoring device 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may have a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (CPUs) 610 (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory 620, one or more storage media 630 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) for storing applications 633 or data 632. Memory 620 and storage medium 630 may be, among other things, transitory or persistent storage. The program stored on the storage medium 630 may include one or more modules (not shown), each of which may include a series of instructions operating on the cable-based railroad health monitoring device 600. Still further, the processor 610 may be configured to communicate with the storage medium 630 to execute a series of instruction operations in the storage medium 630 on the optical cable-based railway health monitoring apparatus 600 to implement the steps of the optical cable-based railway health monitoring method provided by the above-described method embodiments.

The cable-based railroad health monitoring device 600 may also include one or more power supplies 640, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 650, one or more input-output interfaces 660, and/or one or more operating systems 631, such as Windows Server, mac OS X, unix, linux, freeBSD, and the like. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration of the fiber optic cable-based railway health monitoring device illustrated in FIG. 6 does not constitute a limitation of the fiber optic cable-based railway health monitoring devices provided herein, and may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or some components in combination, or a different arrangement of components.

The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which may be a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and which may also be a volatile computer readable storage medium, having stored therein instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the above-mentioned cable-based railway health monitoring method.

It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, which is substantially or partly contributed by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical cable-based railway health monitoring method, characterized in that the optical cable-based railway health monitoring method comprises:

acquiring an optical signal returned in real time in an optical cable of a railway track running area, modulating the optical signal and generating an initial vibration signal, wherein the optical cable is arranged on a railway track;

preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain a target vibration signal, and acquiring a corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and the railway track running area, wherein the preprocessing comprises noise reduction processing and filtering processing;

demodulating the target vibration signal, and calculating a distribution state of the target vibration signal, wherein the distribution state comprises a fluctuation value distribution state, a frequency distribution state and a phase distribution state of the target vibration signal;

comparing the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal which is the same as the corresponding railway track running area based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result;

and evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result, and determining whether to perform data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result.

2. The optical cable-based railway health monitoring method of claim 1, wherein before the collecting the optical signal returned in real time from the optical cable in the railway track running area and modulating the optical signal to generate the vibration signal, further comprising:

acquiring a track vibration signal generated on the railway track when an operating vehicle operates on the basis of a preset optical cable under the condition that the optical cable in the railway track operation area is healthy, and taking the track vibration signal as a sample vibration signal;

and establishing a mapping relation between the sample vibration signal and a corresponding railway track area when the sample vibration signal is collected, and associating the sample vibration signal with the corresponding railway track area based on the mapping relation.

3. The optical cable-based railway health monitoring method of claim 1, wherein before the collecting the optical signal returned in real time from the optical cable in the railway track running area and modulating the optical signal to generate the vibration signal, further comprising:

and fitting the sample vibration signal to obtain signal waveform data transmitted by the sample vibration signal on the operation area.

4. The optical cable-based railway health monitoring method of claim 1, wherein the collecting an optical signal returned in real time from an optical cable in a railway track operating area and modulating the optical signal to generate an initial vibration signal comprises:

performing signal conversion on the target optical signal to obtain a target electrical signal, and determining a modulation phase sequence of the modulator corresponding to a preset wavelength based on the target electrical signal;

5. The optical cable-based railway health monitoring method of claim 1, wherein the demodulating the target vibration signal, and the calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal comprises:

preprocessing the target vibration signal, and performing discrete wavelet transform on the preprocessed target vibration signal to obtain a frequency spectrum of a wavelet coefficient;

calculating the energy and mel log power spectrum of the wavelet coefficient based on the frequency spectrum of the wavelet coefficient;

and performing discrete wavelet transform on the mel logarithmic power spectrum to obtain wavelet transform spectrum amplitude, and determining the distribution state of the target vibration signal based on the wavelet transform spectrum amplitude.

6. The optical cable-based railway health monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein after demodulating the target vibration signal and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal, the method further comprises:

extracting the characteristics of the amplitude of the target vibration signal to obtain the amplitude characteristics of the target vibration signal;

judging whether the amplitude change corresponding to the target vibration signal is larger than a preset amplitude change threshold value or not based on the amplitude feature;

if so, determining a vibration position corresponding to the target vibration signal, and marking a vibration event corresponding to the vibration position as the optical cable water immersion.

7. The optical cable-based railway health monitoring method of claim 1, wherein the comparing the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal corresponding to the same railway track running area based on the distribution state and the preset weight value of the target vibration signal to obtain a comparison result comprises:

8. An optical cable-based railroad health monitoring device, comprising:

the system comprises a modulation module, a receiving module and a control module, wherein the modulation module is used for collecting an optical signal returned in real time from an optical cable in a railway track running area, modulating the optical signal and generating an initial vibration signal, and the optical cable is arranged on a railway track;

the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the vibration signal to obtain a target vibration signal and acquiring the corresponding relation between the target vibration signal and the railway track running area, wherein the preprocessing comprises noise reduction processing and filtering processing;

the demodulation module is used for demodulating the target vibration signal and calculating the distribution state of the target vibration signal, wherein the distribution state comprises a fluctuation value distribution state, a frequency distribution state and a phase distribution state of the target vibration signal;

the comparison module is used for comparing the target vibration signal with signal waveform data of the sample vibration signal which corresponds to the same railway track running area based on the distribution state of the target vibration signal and a preset weight value to obtain a comparison result;

and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the health state of the optical cable in the railway track running area according to the comparison result and determining whether to carry out data abnormal alarm according to the evaluation result.

9. An optical cable-based railway health monitoring device, the optical cable-based railway health monitoring device comprising: a memory having instructions stored therein and at least one processor, the memory and the at least one processor interconnected by a line;

the at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the fiber optic cable-based railroad health monitoring device to perform the steps of the fiber optic cable-based railroad health monitoring method of any of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the fiber optic cable-based railroad health monitoring method of any of claims 1-7.