CN115420270B - High-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on cyclic frequency shift wide spectrum light source - Google Patents
High-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on cyclic frequency shift wide spectrum light source Download PDFInfo
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- CN115420270B CN115420270B CN202210847085.1A CN202210847085A CN115420270B CN 115420270 B CN115420270 B CN 115420270B CN 202210847085 A CN202210847085 A CN 202210847085A CN 115420270 B CN115420270 B CN 115420270B
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- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on a cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source, which comprises a cyclic frequency shift light source assembly (1), an optical circulator (2), a Y waveguide (3) and an optical fiber ring (4) which are connected in sequence; the optical circulator (2) is also connected with an optical detector (5), the optical detector (5) is connected with a modulation and demodulation circuit (6), the output end of the modulation and demodulation circuit (6) is respectively connected with the Y waveguide (3) and the circulating frequency-shift light source component (1), and the modulation and demodulation circuit (6) is also provided with a gyroscope output signal end. The invention has the characteristic of effectively improving the relative strength inhibition effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber gyroscope, in particular to a high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on a cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source.
Background
The main noise sources of the fiber optic gyroscope include shot noise, thermal noise, correlation strength noise, signal sampling quantization noise, and the like. Erbium-doped fiber sources based on amplified spontaneous emission (Amplified Spontaneous Emission, ASE) are commonly used to suppress back-reflection and scattering noise, optical Kerr effect noise in fiber optic rings.
The signal amplitude in the fiber optic gyroscope is proportional to the light source power, shot noise is proportional to the square root of the light source light power, and the correlation intensity noise is proportional to the light source power. Therefore, when the light source power exceeds a certain value, shot noise is negligible, and correlation intensity noise becomes the dominant noise source. At this time, the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical fiber gyroscope is not improved with the increase of the optical power. Therefore, correlation intensity noise is one of the main factors limiting the improvement of the index of the high-precision optical fiber gyroscope.
Fiber optic gyroscopes typically employ an ASE light source in the gaussian spectrum to improve the scale factor performance of the fiber optic gyroscope while limiting the size of the spectral width of the light source. For a high-precision optical fiber gyroscope, the suppression of the related intensity noise in the optical fiber gyroscope is a key technology for effectively improving the signal-to-noise ratio and the detection precision. At present, the method for inhibiting the related intensity noise of the fiber optic gyroscope mainly comprises the following steps: a circuit cancellation scheme, an optical path cancellation scheme, an active feedback scheme based on an optical intensity modulator, etc. The circuit cancellation scheme is complex in algorithm and high in implementation difficulty due to the fact that strict time sequence control is needed. The optical path cancellation scheme needs to match the amplitudes of the reference light and the signal light in real time to have a good inhibition effect. In an active feedback scheme based on an optical intensity modulator, due to the limited bandwidth of the feedback signal, it is difficult to suppress high frequency components in the relative intensity noise. Therefore, the conventional technique has a problem that the relative intensity noise suppression effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on a cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source. The invention has the characteristic of effectively improving the relative strength inhibition effect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on a cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source comprises a cyclic frequency shift light source assembly, an optical circulator, a Y waveguide and an optical fiber ring which are connected in sequence; the optical circulator is also connected with an optical detector, the optical detector is connected with a modulation and demodulation circuit, the output end of the modulation and demodulation circuit is respectively connected with the Y waveguide and the circulating frequency shift light source component, and the modulation and demodulation circuit is also provided with a gyroscope output signal end.
In the high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source, the cyclic frequency shift light source assembly comprises a seed light source, a frequency shift module, an optical filter and an optical isolator which are sequentially connected; the frequency shift module comprises an optical fiber coupler, an a port of the optical fiber coupler is connected with a seed light source, a c port of the optical fiber coupler is connected with an optical filter, and an optical fiber delay line and an acousto-optic frequency shifter are arranged between the c port and the b port of the optical fiber coupler.
In the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope based on the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source, the equivalent spectrum width of the light wave output by the cyclic frequency shift light source component is larger than the spectrum width of the seed light source.
In the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope based on the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source, the fiber optic coupler is a 2×2 fiber optic coupler.
In the high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source, two output ports of the Y waveguide are respectively connected with two input ports of the optical fiber ring.
In the high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source, the output port of the optical detector is connected with the port a of the modulation and demodulation circuit; the b port of the modulation and demodulation circuit is connected with the electric modulation input port of the Y waveguide; the electrical modulation input port of the acousto-optic frequency shifter is connected with the c port of the modulation and demodulation circuit; the d port of the modulation and demodulation circuit is an output signal end of the optical fiber gyroscope.
In the high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source, the length of the optical fiber delay line is larger than the coherence length of the seed light source.
In the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope based on the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source, the cyclic frequency shift method of the cyclic frequency shift light source component comprises the following steps:
the light wave emitted by the seed light source is divided into two light waves through the optical fiber coupler, one light wave is output through the optical filter, and the other light wave is subjected to frequency shift through the acousto-optic frequency shifter after passing through the optical fiber delay line; the light wave after primary frequency shift is divided into two light waves through an optical fiber coupler, wherein one light wave is used as a part of light wave output by a light source after passing through an optical filter, and the other light wave is subjected to secondary frequency shift through an acousto-optic frequency shifter after passing through an optical fiber delay line again; the frequency of the input seed light source light wave frequency is circularly shifted and accumulated and then output, and a series of light waves which contain the non-frequency-shifted light wave and the frequency-shifted light wave are output; after the light wave output to the optical filter is screened, a series of light waves with light intensity superior to the bottom noise of the fiber-optic gyroscope are screened out and output after passing through the optical isolator.
Compared with the prior art, the optical fiber gyroscope comprises the cyclic frequency shift light source assembly, the optical circulator, the Y waveguide, the optical fiber ring, the optical detector and the modulation and demodulation circuit, the equivalent spectral width of the light wave of the optical fiber gyroscope light source is increased by adopting the cyclic frequency shift light source assembly, the equivalent spectral width of the light wave output by the cyclic frequency shift light source assembly is larger than that of the seed light source, the relative intensity noise suppression capability and the suppression effect can be effectively improved, and the precision of the optical fiber gyroscope is further improved. Specifically, the circulating frequency shift light source assembly consists of an optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber delay line and an acousto-optic frequency shifter, and outputs the sum of a series of light waves through the mutual coordination among the structures, wherein the sum comprises the light waves without frequency shift and the light waves after frequency shift; the length of the optical fiber delay line is far longer than the coherence length of the seed light source, so that all light wave components output by the light source are uncorrelated, the equivalent spectral width of light waves input by the optical fiber gyroscope into the light source is increased, the suppression of the relative intensity noise of the optical fiber gyroscope is facilitated, and the precision of the optical fiber gyroscope is improved. In summary, the invention has the characteristic of effectively improving the relative strength inhibition effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
The marks in the drawings are: the device comprises a 1-circulation frequency shift light source assembly, a 2-optical circulator, a 3-Y waveguide, a 4-optical fiber ring, a 5-optical detector, a 6-modulation and demodulation circuit, a 101-seed light source, a 102-frequency shift module, a 103-optical filter, a 104-optical isolator, a 121-optical fiber coupler, a 122-optical fiber delay line and a 123-acousto-optic frequency shifter.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Examples. The high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source is shown in figure 1, and comprises a cyclic frequency shift light source assembly 1, an optical circulator 2, a Y waveguide 3 and an optical fiber ring 4 which are connected in sequence; the optical circulator 2 is also connected with an optical detector 5, the optical detector 5 is connected with a modulation and demodulation circuit 6, the output end of the modulation and demodulation circuit 6 is respectively connected with the Y waveguide 3 and the circulating frequency shift light source component 1, and the modulation and demodulation circuit 6 is also provided with a gyroscope output signal end.
The circulating frequency shift light source assembly 1 comprises a seed light source 101, a frequency shift module 102, an optical filter 103 and an optical isolator 104 which are sequentially connected; the frequency shift module 102 includes an optical fiber coupler 121, an a port of the optical fiber coupler 121 is connected with the seed light source 101, a c port of the optical fiber coupler 121 is connected with the optical filter 103, and an optical fiber delay line 122 and an acousto-optic frequency shifter 123 are disposed between the c port and the b port of the optical fiber coupler 121.
The equivalent spectral width of the light wave output by the cyclic frequency shift light source component 1 is larger than the spectral width of the seed light source 101.
The fiber coupler 121 is a 2×2 fiber coupler.
The two output ports of the Y waveguide 3 are connected to the two input ports of the optical fiber ring 4, respectively.
The output port of the photodetector 5 is connected with the a port of the modem circuit 6; the b port of the modem circuit 6 is connected with the electric modulation input port of the Y waveguide 3; the electrical modulation input port of the acousto-optic frequency shifter 123 is connected with the c port of the modulation and demodulation circuit 6; the d port of the modem circuit 6 is an output signal end of the fiber optic gyroscope.
The length of the fiber optic delay line 122 is greater than the coherence length of the seed light source 101.
The cyclic frequency shift method of the cyclic frequency shift light source component 1 comprises the following steps:
the light wave emitted by the seed light source is divided into two light waves through the optical fiber coupler, one light wave is output through the optical filter, and the other light wave is subjected to frequency shift through the acousto-optic frequency shifter after passing through the optical fiber delay line; the light wave after primary frequency shift is divided into two light waves through an optical fiber coupler, wherein one light wave is used as a part of light wave output by a light source after passing through an optical filter, and the other light wave is subjected to secondary frequency shift through an acousto-optic frequency shifter after passing through an optical fiber delay line again; the frequency of the input seed light source light wave frequency is circularly shifted and accumulated and then output, and a series of light waves which contain the non-frequency-shifted light wave and the frequency-shifted light wave are output; after the light wave output to the optical filter is screened, a series of light waves with light intensity superior to the bottom noise of the fiber-optic gyroscope are screened out and output after passing through the optical isolator.
The output port of the wide-spectrum light source is connected with the a port of the optical circulator, and the b port of the optical circulator is connected with the input port of the Y waveguide; the c port of the optical circulator is connected with the input port of the optical detector;
the two output ports of the Y waveguide are respectively connected with the two input ports of the optical fiber ring;
the output port of the photodetector is connected with the port a of the modulation-demodulation circuit; the electric modulation input port of the Y waveguide is connected with the b port of the modulation-demodulation circuit; the electrical modulation input port of the acousto-optic frequency shifter is connected with the c port of the modulation and demodulation circuit; the d port of the modem circuit is used as the output of the fiber optic gyroscope.
The seed light source is connected with an a port of the 2X 2 optical fiber coupler, a d port of the 2X 2 optical fiber coupler is connected with an input of an optical fiber delay line, an output of the optical fiber delay line is connected with an input of an acousto-optic frequency shifter, an output of the acousto-optic frequency shifter is connected with a b port of the 2X 2 optical fiber coupler, a c port of the 2X 2 optical fiber coupler is connected with an input of an optical filter, an output of the optical filter is connected with an input of an optical isolator, and an output of the optical isolator is used as an output of a wide-spectrum light source.
The equivalent spectral width of the light wave output by the circulating frequency shift broad spectrum light source is larger than that of the seed light source, which is favorable for inhibiting the relative intensity noise of the fiber optic gyroscope, thereby improving the precision of the fiber optic gyroscope. According to the relative intensity noise suppression requirement of the actual fiber optic gyroscope, the power of the seed light source and the spectral ratio of the 2X 2 fiber optic coupler can be optimally selected.
The length of the optical fiber delay line is greater than the coherence length of the input seed light source light wave.
The optical filter is used for filtering out each frequency component lower than the bottom noise of the fiber-optic gyroscope in the wide-spectrum light source.
The light wave emitted by the seed light source is divided into two light waves (the light splitting ratio is 50:50) through the optical fiber coupler, one light wave is output through the optical filter, and the other light wave is subjected to frequency shift through the acousto-optic frequency shifter after passing through the optical fiber delay line; the optical wave after primary frequency shift (the acousto-optic frequency shifter is to shift the optical wave with the center frequency f0 to the center frequency f0+δf, δf is the frequency of the acousto-optic frequency shifter) is divided into two optical waves (one optical wave and the other optical wave at the back are also split by the optical fiber coupler) after passing through the optical fiber coupler, any input light is divided into two parts and is respectively output by two tail fibers by the device), wherein one optical wave is used as a part of the optical wave output by the light source after passing through the optical filter, the other optical wave is subjected to frequency shift again after passing through the optical fiber delay line (the input optical frequency is f0, the primary output optical wave comprises the original part of the optical wave+the primary optical wave in circulation, namely f0 and f0+δf, and the primary optical wave in circulation is included in circulation twice, and f0+δf and f0+2 are three, and the like. After the output light wave of the 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler passes through an optical filter, a series of light waves with light intensity superior to the bottom noise of the optical fiber gyro are screened out and output after passing through an optical isolator. The light wave output by the final cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source is the sum of a series of light waves, including the light wave without frequency shift and the light wave after each frequency shift. When the length of the optical fiber delay line is far longer than the coherence length of the seed light source, the light wave components output by the light source are uncorrelated, so that the equivalent spectral width of the light wave input by the optical fiber gyroscope to the light source is increased (if the optical filter is used for filtering and then 100 frequency shift cycles are reserved, then the spectrum has 101 types (including the original wavelength)), the suppression of the relative intensity noise of the optical fiber gyroscope is facilitated, and the precision of the optical fiber gyroscope is improved.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the relation between the related intensity noise of the fiber optic gyroscope and the equivalent spectral width of the light source is as follows:
wherein sigma RIN The related intensity noise amplitude of the optical fiber gyroscope is shown as Deltav, and the equivalent spectral width of the light source is shown as Deltav.
The invention improves the equivalent spectrum width of the light wave by adopting a circulating frequency shift method consisting of the optical fiber coupler, the optical fiber delay line and the sound-light frequency shifter, and realizes a circulating frequency shift spectrum light source for the optical fiber gyro. The invention can improve the relative intensity noise suppression capability of the fiber-optic gyroscope and improve the precision of the fiber-optic gyroscope by adopting the cyclic frequency shift spectrum light source.
When the spectral width of the seed light source is Deltav 0 The spectral ratio of the optocoupler was 50:50, the equivalent spectral width Δv of the cyclic shift bandwidth spectrum light source is:
according to formula (1), when the spectral width of the light source for the optical fiber gyroscope is doubled, the accuracy of the optical fiber gyroscope limited by relative intensity noise is improvedMultiple times.
Claims (6)
1. A high-precision optical fiber gyroscope based on a cyclic shift bandwidth spectrum light source is characterized in that: comprises a circulating frequency-shift light source component (1), an optical circulator (2), a Y waveguide (3) and an optical fiber ring (4) which are connected in sequence; the optical circulator (2) is also connected with an optical detector (5), the optical detector (5) is connected with a modulation and demodulation circuit (6), the output end of the modulation and demodulation circuit (6) is respectively connected with the Y waveguide (3) and the circulating frequency-shift light source component (1), and the modulation and demodulation circuit (6) is also provided with a gyroscope output signal end;
the circulating frequency-shifting light source assembly (1) comprises a seed light source (101), a frequency-shifting module (102), an optical filter (103) and an optical isolator (104) which are sequentially connected; the frequency shift module (102) comprises an optical fiber coupler (121), wherein an a port of the optical fiber coupler (121) is connected with the seed light source (101), and a c port of the optical fiber coupler (121) is connected with the optical filter (103)
An optical fiber delay line (122) and an acousto-optic frequency shifter (123) are arranged between the port c and the port b of the optical fiber coupler (121);
the light wave emitted by the seed light source is divided into two light waves through the optical fiber coupler, one light wave is output through the optical filter, and the other light wave is subjected to frequency shift through the acousto-optic frequency shifter after passing through the optical fiber delay line; the light wave after primary frequency shift is divided into two light waves through an optical fiber coupler, wherein one light wave is used as a part of light wave output by a light source after passing through an optical filter, and the other light wave is subjected to secondary frequency shift through an acousto-optic frequency shifter after passing through an optical fiber delay line again; the frequency of the input seed light source light wave frequency is circularly shifted and accumulated and then output, and a series of light waves which contain the non-frequency-shifted light wave and the frequency-shifted light wave are output; after the light wave output to the optical filter is screened, a series of light waves with light intensity superior to the bottom noise of the fiber-optic gyroscope are screened out and output after passing through the optical isolator.
2. The high-precision fiber optic gyroscope based on the cyclic shift bandwidth spectrum light source of claim 1, wherein the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope is characterized in that: the equivalent spectral width of the light wave output by the circulating frequency-shift light source component (1) is larger than the spectral width of the seed light source (101).
3. The high-precision fiber optic gyroscope based on the cyclic shift bandwidth spectrum light source of claim 1, wherein the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope is characterized in that: the fiber coupler (121) is a 2 x 2 fiber coupler.
4. The high-precision fiber optic gyroscope based on the cyclic shift bandwidth spectrum light source of claim 1, wherein the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope is characterized in that: the two output ports of the Y waveguide (3) are respectively connected with the two input ports of the optical fiber ring (4).
5. The high-precision fiber optic gyroscope based on the cyclic shift bandwidth spectrum light source of claim 1, wherein the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope is characterized in that: the output port of the optical detector (5) is connected with the port a of the modulation and demodulation circuit (6); the b port of the modulation and demodulation circuit (6) is connected with the electric modulation input port of the Y waveguide (3); an electrical modulation input port of the acousto-optic frequency shifter (123) is connected with a c port of the modulation and demodulation circuit (6); the d port of the modulation and demodulation circuit (6) is an output signal end of the optical fiber gyroscope.
6. The high-precision fiber optic gyroscope based on the cyclic shift bandwidth spectrum light source of claim 1, wherein the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope is characterized in that: the length of the optical fiber delay line (122) is greater than the coherence length of the seed light source (101).
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| CN101706280A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-05-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optical path structure for stimulated Brillouin optical fiber gyroscope |
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| CN103900550A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Circulating interference type optical gyroscope based on orientation coupling modulator |
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