CN115420048A - Highway and railway general type cold chain cold storage plant - Google Patents
Highway and railway general type cold chain cold storage plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN115420048A CN115420048A CN202210884621.5A CN202210884621A CN115420048A CN 115420048 A CN115420048 A CN 115420048A CN 202210884621 A CN202210884621 A CN 202210884621A CN 115420048 A CN115420048 A CN 115420048A
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 108010081181 calcium-binding protein (brain) Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a general type cold chain cold storage plant of highway and railway, includes box and refrigeration subassembly, its characterized in that: the refrigeration assembly comprises a compressor, a vortex tube, a plurality of gravity heat tubes and a cold guide assembly, the plurality of gravity heat tubes penetrate through the top of the box body, a condensation section of each gravity heat tube is exposed out of the box body, an evaporation section is located in the box body, a gas outlet of the compressor is communicated with a gas inlet of the vortex tube, a cold air outlet of the vortex tube is communicated with the cold guide assembly, and the cold guide assembly is in cold contact with the condensation section of the gravity heat tubes and is used for transmitting cold energy of the vortex tube to the condensation section of the gravity heat tubes. The road and railway general cold chain refrigerating device can be seamlessly connected with the railway-road cold chain for transferring, and the refrigerating assembly is simple in structure, energy-saving and high in refrigerating speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold chain transportation, in particular to a road and railway general cold chain refrigerating device.
Background
With the rapid development of cold-chain logistics demand and market scale, the demand of cold-chain transportation in the future will be increased continuously. However, from the actual situation of the current cold-chain logistics operation, the highway cold-chain logistics accounts for more than 90%, has absolute advantages, but does not have the advantages of price, energy consumption, carbon emission and medium and long distance transportation; railway cold-chain logistics have the advantages, but the proportion is less than 1%. On one hand, the situation is caused because the railway cold chain transportation equipment is seriously aged and no new upgraded and updated equipment exists; more importantly, the railway cold chain can not be directly transported to a refrigeration house and then transported by a road, the unloading and loading process exists in the middle, the operation process consumes a long time, the refrigeration cannot be performed in the middle, the operation is inconvenient, and the transported goods deteriorate or extra loss is generated due to the fact that the refrigeration cannot be performed for a long time in the middle; on the contrary, the same problem exists when the cold chain is transferred from a road to a railway.
The current cold chain refrigerating devices do not comprehensively and integrally consider the characteristics of road and railway cold chain transportation and the possible fusion problem between the characteristics, so that the cold chain refrigerating devices for the roads and the railways have no universality, and the problems of complex structure, large power consumption and low refrigerating speed of a refrigerating assembly exist.
Therefore, designing a road and general type cold chain refrigerating plant of railway, independently coming out refrigerating plant, designing as the standardized module that can be applicable to railway and road cold chain transportation simultaneously is the technical problem that needs to solve at present urgently, and it is favorable to realizing the seamless connection of transporting between railway-highway cold chain to will all obtain greatly promoting in each aspect such as freight capacity, transportation distance span, conveying efficiency, economic benefits, energy-conservation, reduction carbon emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the road and railway general cold chain refrigerating device can be seamlessly connected with the cold chain of the railway and the road for transferring, and the refrigerating assembly has the advantages of simple structure, energy conservation and high refrigerating speed.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a general type cold chain cold storage plant of highway and railway, includes box and refrigeration subassembly, its characterized in that: the refrigeration assembly comprises a compressor, a vortex tube, a plurality of gravity heat tubes and a cold guide assembly, the plurality of gravity heat tubes penetrate through the top of the box body, a condensation section of each gravity heat tube is exposed out of the box body, an evaporation section is located in the box body, a gas outlet of the compressor is communicated with a gas inlet of the vortex tube, a cold air outlet of the vortex tube is communicated with the cold guide assembly, and the cold guide assembly is in cold contact with the condensation section of the gravity heat tubes and is used for transmitting cold energy of the vortex tube to the condensation section of the gravity heat tubes.
The cold contact of the cold guide component and the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe can be direct contact or indirect contact.
The working principle of the cold chain refrigerating device for the highway and the railway is as follows:
starting a compressor to deliver compressed air to a vortex tube, wherein the compressed air is converted into cold air and hot air through the vortex tube; the cold air is output through a cold air output port of the vortex tube, and the cold energy of the vortex tube is transmitted to a condensation section of the gravity heat pipe after passing through the cold guide assembly; after the temperature of the condensation section is reduced, the temperature difference is generated between the evaporation section and the condensation section; therefore, heat can be transferred from the high-temperature evaporation section to the low-temperature condensation section, namely, the heat in the box body can be transferred to the outside of the box body through the gravity heat pipe; as long as there is less difference in temperature in the evaporation section and the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe, the heat in the box body can be continuously transferred out of the box body, thereby achieving the refrigeration effect in the box body.
After adopting the structure, the invention has the following advantages:
the road and railway general cold chain refrigerating device adopts the independent box body, and the independent refrigerating assembly is arranged on the box body, so that the box body comprising the refrigerating assembly is a standardized module independent of vehicles, and can be installed on a flat wagon and a train, thereby realizing seamless connection of railway-road cold chain transfer; secondly, the structure of the refrigeration component is very simple, the compressor is firstly utilized to generate compressed air which is supplied to the vortex tube to generate cold air, then the cold air generated by the vortex tube is utilized to cool the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe, so that the temperature difference is generated between the evaporation section and the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe, and the extremely excellent high thermal conductivity of the gravity heat pipe is utilized to finally refrigerate the interior of the box body; the scheme of the refrigeration assembly utilizes the energy-saving advantages of the vortex tube and the gravity heat tube, but avoids the defect of low refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube, so that the cold air generated by the vortex tube is only used for generating the temperature difference between the evaporation section and the condensation section of the gravity heat tube, and is not used as a final cold source; therefore, the scheme combines the energy-saving advantages of the vortex tube and the gravity heat tube, overcomes the defect of low efficiency of the vortex tube, and exerts the advantages of high refrigeration efficiency and fast heat transfer of the gravity heat tube, thereby achieving better refrigeration effect.
As preferred, lead cold subassembly includes air conditioning pipeline, the air conditioning delivery outlet of vortex tube is linked together with air conditioning pipeline's air inlet, the last a plurality of first air conditioning nozzles that are equipped with of air conditioning pipeline, a plurality of first air conditioning nozzles set up the condensation segment that just is close to the gravity heat pipe outside the box for to the condensation segment injection air conditioning of each gravity heat pipe. This setting utilizes the forced air cooling mode of vortex tube to cool off the condensation zone of gravity heat pipe, and cold contact is indirect contact, and the structure is comparatively simple.
Preferably, the cold air conveying pipeline is further provided with a plurality of second cold air nozzles, and the second cold air nozzles extend into the box body and are used for spraying cold air into the box body. The setting still utilizes vortex tube's air conditioning direct cooling box, and dual cooling, the cooling effect is better.
Preferably, each of the second cold air nozzles is provided with a first switch. The gas pressure in the box body can be prevented from being too high through the arrangement, and the use is safer.
Preferably, the cold guide assembly comprises a water tank and a cold water conveying pipeline, a cold air outlet of the vortex tube is communicated with an air inlet of the water tank, a water outlet of the water tank is communicated with the starting end of the cold water conveying pipeline, the cold water conveying pipeline sequentially winds around the condensation sections of the gravity heat tubes from the starting end, and the tail end of the cold water conveying pipeline is communicated with a water inlet of the water tank. This setting utilizes the air conditioning cooling water tank of vortex tube in order to produce cold water, and cold water is through cold water pipeline and the condensation segment cold contact of each gravity heat pipe, and makes the condensation segment temperature reduction of gravity heat pipe, utilizes the liquid cooling mode to cool off the condensation segment of gravity heat pipe, and cold contact is direct contact, and the cooling effect is better.
Preferably, the cold water conveying pipeline sequentially winds the condensation sections of the gravity heat pipes, extends into the box body, winds the shelf layers, extends out of the box body and is communicated with the water inlet of the water tank. The arrangement also utilizes the cold water in the cold water conveying pipeline to cool the goods shelves in the box body and the space in the box body in a convection mode, so that multiple cooling is realized, and the cooling effect is better.
Preferably, the compressor and the vortex tube are both arranged outside the box body. The arrangement not only facilitates the connection of components, but also facilitates the heat dissipation of electrical equipment, and the accumulation of heat in the box body can be reduced.
Preferably, a solar module is arranged at the top of the box body and electrically connected with the compressor. The solar energy power supply is adopted to realize self-sufficiency of electric energy, the problem of dependence of the refrigeration assembly on vehicles can be well solved, the refrigeration assembly is independent, and the solar energy power supply is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Preferably, the box body comprises a shell and an inner container, an interlayer between the shell and the inner container is a vacuum layer, and a plurality of supporting structures are arranged between the shell and the inner container. This setting not only can make the box have better cold insulation effect, has higher intensity moreover.
Preferably, the box body is further provided with a sealing structure corresponding to the penetrating positions of the gravity heat pipes. The cold volume that this setting can avoid gravity heat pipe to wear to establish the position is revealed, and cold insulation effect is better.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cold chain refrigerator of a general road and railway type according to example 1 mounted on a truck;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a cold chain refrigeration unit of a common type for roads and railways in embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a cold chain refrigerating apparatus of a general road and railway type of embodiment 2 is mounted on a truck;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a cold chain refrigerator of a general road and railway type in embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a cold chain refrigerating apparatus of a general road and railway type of embodiment 3 is mounted on a truck;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a cold chain refrigerator of a general road and railway type in embodiment 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a cold chain refrigerator of a general road and railway type according to embodiment 4 is mounted on a truck;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a cold chain refrigeration unit of the general road and railway type according to example 4;
in the figure: 1-box body, 2-compressor, 3-vortex tube, 4-gravity heat pipe, 5-cold conducting component, 6-condensation section, 7-evaporation section, 8-cold air conveying pipeline, 9-first cold air nozzle, 10-second cold air nozzle, 11-first switch, 12-water tank, 13-cold water conveying pipeline, 14-shelf, 15-solar component, 16-shell, 17-inner container, 18-interlayer, 19-supporting structure, 20-sealing structure, 21-second switch, 22-three-way valve, 23-water pump, 24-hot air outlet, 25-hot air conveying pipeline, 26-air leakage pipeline, 27-cab, 28-cold air outlet, 29-air inlet of water tank, 30-water outlet of water tank, and 31-water inlet of water tank.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following embodiments and drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a general type cold chain refrigerating plant of highway and railway, includes box 1 and refrigeration subassembly, refrigeration subassembly includes compressor 2, vortex tube 3, a plurality of gravity heat pipes 4 and leads cold subassembly 5, the top of box 1 is worn to locate by a plurality of gravity heat pipes 4, and just condensation segment 6 of gravity heat pipe 4 exposes outside box 1, and evaporation zone 7 is located box 1, the gas outlet of compressor 2 is linked together with the air inlet of vortex tube 3, the air conditioning delivery outlet 28 of vortex tube 3 is linked together with leading cold subassembly 5, lead cold subassembly 5 and the condensation segment 6 cold contact of gravity heat pipe 4 for the cold volume of vortex tube 3 is transmitted to condensation segment 6 of gravity heat pipe 4.
The cold guide assembly 5 comprises a cold air conveying pipeline 8, a cold air outlet 28 of the vortex tube 3 is communicated with an air inlet of the cold air conveying pipeline 8, a plurality of first cold air nozzles 9 are arranged on the cold air conveying pipeline 8, the plurality of first cold air nozzles 9 are arranged outside the box body 1 and close to the condensing sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4, and are used for spraying cold air to the condensing sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4; in this embodiment, the number of the first cold air nozzles 9 is the same as that of the gravity heat pipes 4, the positions of the first cold air nozzles correspond to those of the gravity heat pipes 4, and the first cold air nozzles are located above the condensation sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4, the cold guide assembly 5 cools the condensation sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4 in an air cooling manner, and the cold contact is indirect contact.
The compressor 2 and the vortex tube 3 are both arranged outside the box body 1; the top of box 1 is equipped with solar energy component 15, solar energy component 15 is connected with compressor 2 electricity, for compressor 2 power supply.
The box body 1 comprises a shell 16 and an inner container 17, an interlayer 18 between the shell 16 and the inner container 17 is a vacuum layer, and a plurality of supporting structures 19 are arranged between the shell 16 and the inner container 17; the box body 1 is also provided with a sealing structure 20 corresponding to the penetrating position of each gravity heat pipe 4, and the sealing structure 20 comprises self-sealing of each layer of structure of the box body 1 at the penetrating position and sealing between the box body 1 and each gravity heat pipe 4 at the penetrating position; the supporting structure 19 may be a supporting column made of hard resin connected between the outer shell 16 and the inner container 17, the outer shell 16 may be made of a corrugated plate having high strength, and the sealing structure 20 may be made of a conventional art.
A three-way valve 22 is further arranged on the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, an air inlet of the three-way valve 22 is communicated with the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, one air outlet is connected with a hot air conveying pipeline 25 and is commonly used for providing warm air for a cab 27, and the other air outlet is communicated with an air leakage pipeline 26 and is used for discharging redundant hot air; the second switch 21 is arranged on the cold air output port 28 or the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3 and used for controlling the ratio of cold air flow and hot air flow output by the vortex tube 3 to adjust the temperature and the flow of the corresponding air flow, so as to control the working state of the gravity heat pipe 4.
The working principle of the cold chain refrigerating device for the highway and the railway is as follows:
starting a compressor 2 to deliver compressed air to a vortex tube 3, and converting the compressed air into cold air and hot air through the vortex tube 3; the hot air is output through a hot air output port 24, and the three-way valve 22 controls the hot air to supply hot air to a cab 27 through a hot air conveying pipeline 25 in cold days or controls the hot air to be directly discharged into the atmosphere through a gas discharge pipeline 26 in hot days; the cold air is output through a cold air output port 28 of the vortex tube 3 and is sprayed to the condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4 through a cold air conveying pipeline 8 by a first cold air nozzle 9, so that the cold energy of the vortex tube 3 is transferred to the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4; after the temperature of the condensation section 6 is reduced, the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 is generated; therefore, heat can be transferred from the high-temperature evaporation section 7 to the low-temperature condensation section 6, namely, the heat in the box body 1 can be transferred to the outside of the box body 1 through the gravity heat pipe 4; as long as a smaller temperature difference exists between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity assisted heat pipe 4, the heat in the box body 1 can be continuously transferred out of the box body 1, so that the refrigeration effect in the box body 1 is achieved; in addition, the required refrigeration temperature in the box body 1 can be realized by adjusting the second switch 21 (which can be automatically controlled) on the cold air output port 28 or the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, the second switch 21 controls the ratio of cold air flow and hot air flow output by the vortex tube 3 to adjust the temperature and flow of the corresponding air flow, and further controls the working state of the gravity heat pipe 4, including starting, stopping, fast refrigeration (the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 is large), slow refrigeration (the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 is small), and the like.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cold chain refrigerating device for roads and railways comprises a box body 1 and a refrigerating assembly, wherein the refrigerating assembly comprises a compressor 2, a vortex tube 3, a plurality of gravity heat pipes 4 and a cold guide assembly 5, the gravity heat pipes 4 penetrate through the top of the box body 1, a condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4 is exposed out of the box body 1, an evaporation section 7 is located in the box body 1, an air outlet of the compressor 2 is communicated with an air inlet of the vortex tube 3, a cold air outlet 28 of the vortex tube 3 is communicated with the cold guide assembly 5, and the cold guide assembly 5 is in cold contact with the condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4 and is used for transmitting cold energy of the vortex tube 3 to the condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4.
The cold guide assembly 5 comprises a cold air conveying pipeline 8, a cold air outlet 28 of the vortex tube 3 is communicated with an air inlet of the cold air conveying pipeline 8, a plurality of first cold air nozzles 9 are arranged on the cold air conveying pipeline 8, the plurality of first cold air nozzles 9 are arranged outside the box body 1 and close to the condensing sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4, and are used for spraying cold air to the condensing sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4; the cold air conveying pipeline 8 is also provided with a plurality of second cold air nozzles 10, and the second cold air nozzles 10 extend into the box body 1 and are used for spraying cold air into the box body 1; the first switch 11 is arranged on each second cold air nozzle 10, and the arrangement can avoid the gas pressure in the box body 1 from being too high, so that the use is safer; in this embodiment, the number of the first cold air nozzles 9 is the same as that of the gravity heat pipes 4, the positions of the first cold air nozzles correspond to those of the gravity heat pipes 4, and the first cold air nozzles are located above the condensation sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4, the cold guide assembly 5 cools the condensation sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4 in an air cooling manner, and the cold contact is indirect contact.
The compressor 2 and the vortex tube 3 are both arranged outside the box body 1; the solar energy component 15 is arranged at the top of the box body 1, and the solar energy component 15 is electrically connected with the compressor 2 and supplies power to the compressor 2.
The box body 1 comprises a shell 16 and an inner container 17, an interlayer 18 between the shell 16 and the inner container 17 is a vacuum layer, and a plurality of supporting structures 19 are arranged between the shell 16 and the inner container 17; the box body 1 is also provided with a sealing structure 20 corresponding to the penetrating positions of the gravity heat pipes 4 and the penetrating positions of the second cold air nozzles 10, and the sealing structure 20 comprises self-sealing of each layer structure of the box body 1 at the penetrating positions and sealing between the box body 1 and each gravity heat pipe 4 and the second cold air nozzle 10 at the penetrating positions; the support structure 19 may be a support post made of a hard resin connected between the outer shell 16 and the inner container 17, and the outer shell 16 may be made of a corrugated plate having a high strength.
A three-way valve 22 is further arranged on the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, an air inlet of the three-way valve 22 is communicated with the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, one air outlet is connected with a hot air conveying pipeline 25 and is commonly used for providing warm air for a cab 27, and the other air outlet is communicated with an air leakage pipeline 26 and is used for discharging redundant hot air; the second switch 21 is arranged on the cold air output port 28 or the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3 and used for controlling the ratio of cold air flow and hot air flow output by the vortex tube 3 to adjust the temperature and the flow of the corresponding air flow, so as to control the working state of the gravity heat pipe 4.
The working principle of the cold chain refrigerating device for the general highway and railway is as follows:
starting a compressor 2 to deliver compressed air to a vortex tube 3, and converting the compressed air into cold air and hot air through the vortex tube 3; the hot air is output through a hot air output port 24, the three-way valve 22 controls the hot air to provide warm air for a cab 27 through a hot air conveying pipeline 25 in cold days, or controls the hot air to be directly discharged into the atmosphere through a gas discharge pipeline 26 in hot days; the cold air is output through a cold air output port 28 of the vortex tube 3 and is sprayed to the condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4 through a cold air conveying pipeline 8 by a first cold air nozzle 9, so that the cold energy of the vortex tube 3 is transferred to the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4; after the temperature of the condensation section 6 is reduced, the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 is generated; therefore, heat can be transferred from the high-temperature evaporation section 7 to the low-temperature condensation section 6, namely, the heat in the box body 1 can be transferred out of the box body 1 through the gravity heat pipe 4; as long as the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 have a small temperature difference, the heat in the box body 1 can be continuously transferred out of the box body 1, thereby achieving the refrigeration effect in the box body 1; in addition, the cold air output by the cold air conveying pipeline 8 is directly sprayed into the box body 1 by the second cold air nozzle 10, so that the refrigeration effect is further improved, and the gas pressure in the box body 1 is prevented from being too high by arranging the first switch 11; in addition, the required refrigeration temperature in the box body 1 can be realized by adjusting the second switch 21 (which can be automatically controlled) on the cold air output port 28 or the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, the second switch 21 controls the ratio of cold air flow and hot air flow output by the vortex tube 3 to adjust the temperature and flow of the corresponding air flow, and further controls the working state of the gravity heat pipe 4, including starting, stopping, fast refrigeration (the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 is large), slow refrigeration (the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 is small), and the like.
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the cold guide assembly 5 is provided with a plurality of second cold air nozzles 10 additionally arranged on the cold air conveying pipeline 8 to directly spray cold air into the box body 1, so as to further improve the refrigerating effect.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the cold chain refrigerating device for roads and railways comprises a box body 1 and a refrigerating assembly, wherein the refrigerating assembly comprises a compressor 2, a vortex tube 3, a plurality of gravity heat pipes 4 and a cold guiding assembly 5, the gravity heat pipes 4 penetrate through the top of the box body 1, a condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4 is exposed out of the box body 1, an evaporation section 7 is located in the box body 1, an air outlet of the compressor 2 is communicated with an air inlet of the vortex tube 3, a cold air outlet 28 of the vortex tube 3 is communicated with the cold guiding assembly 5, and the cold guiding assembly 5 is in cold contact with the condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4 and is used for transmitting cold energy of the vortex tube 3 to the condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4.
The cold guide assembly 5 comprises a water tank 12 and a cold water conveying pipeline 13, a cold air outlet 28 of the vortex tube 3 is communicated with an air inlet 29 of the water tank 12, a water outlet 30 of the water tank 12 is communicated with the starting end of the cold water conveying pipeline 13, the cold water conveying pipeline 13 sequentially winds around the condensing sections 6 of the gravity heat tubes 4 from the starting end, and the tail end of the cold water conveying pipeline is communicated with a water inlet 31 of the water tank 12, wherein the cold water conveying pipeline 13 can wind around fins on the condensing sections 6 of the gravity heat tubes 4 in an embedded mode; the water outlet 30 of the water tank 12 is communicated with the starting end of the cold water conveying pipeline 13 through a water suction pump 23, and the water suction pump 23 can be a variable pump and is used for controlling the flow of cooling water; this lead cold subassembly 5 adopts the liquid cooling mode to cool off the condensation segment 6 of gravity heat pipe 4, and cold contact is direct contact.
The compressor 2 and the vortex tube 3 are both arranged outside the box body 1; the top of box 1 is equipped with solar energy component 15, solar energy component 15 is connected with compressor 2 electricity, for compressor 2 power supply.
The box body 1 comprises a shell 16 and an inner container 17, an interlayer 18 between the shell 16 and the inner container 17 is a vacuum layer, and a plurality of supporting structures 19 are arranged between the shell 16 and the inner container 17; the box body 1 is also provided with a sealing structure 20 corresponding to the penetrating position of each gravity heat pipe 4, and the sealing structure 20 comprises self-sealing of each layer of structure of the box body 1 at the penetrating position and sealing between the box body 1 and each gravity heat pipe 4 at the penetrating position; the support structure 19 may be a support column made of a hard resin connected between the outer shell 16 and the inner container 17, and the outer shell 16 may be made of a corrugated plate having a high strength.
A three-way valve 22 is further arranged on the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, an air inlet of the three-way valve 22 is communicated with the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, one air outlet is connected with a hot air conveying pipeline 25 and is commonly used for providing warm air for a cab 27, and the other air outlet is communicated with an air leakage pipeline 26 and is used for discharging redundant hot air; the second switch 21 is arranged on the cold air outlet 28 or the hot air outlet 24 of the vortex tube 3, and is used for controlling the ratio of cold air to hot air output by the vortex tube 3 to adjust the temperature and the flow of the corresponding air flow, so as to control the working state of the gravity heat pipe 4.
The working principle of the cold chain refrigerating device for the highway and the railway is as follows:
starting a compressor 2 to deliver compressed air to a vortex tube 3, wherein the compressed air is converted into cold air and hot air through the vortex tube 3; the hot air is output through a hot air output port 24, and the three-way valve 22 controls the hot air to supply hot air to a cab 27 through a hot air conveying pipeline 25 in cold days or controls the hot air to be directly discharged into the atmosphere through a gas discharge pipeline 26 in hot days; the cold air is output through the cold air output port 28 of the vortex tube 3, the cold air output from the cold air output port 28 of the vortex tube 3 firstly passes through the water tank 12 to generate cooling water, and then the cooling water generated by the water tank 12 exchanges heat with the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 through the cold water conveying pipeline 13, so that the cold energy of the vortex tube 3 is transferred to the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4; after the temperature of the condensation section 6 is reduced, the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 is generated; therefore, heat can be transferred from the high-temperature evaporation section 7 to the low-temperature condensation section 6, namely, the heat in the box body 1 can be transferred to the outside of the box body 1 through the gravity heat pipe 4; as long as a smaller temperature difference exists between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity assisted heat pipe 4, the heat in the box body 1 can be continuously transferred out of the box body 1, so that the refrigeration effect in the box body 1 is achieved; in addition, the required refrigeration temperature in the box body 1 can be realized by adjusting the second switch 21 (which can be automatically controlled) on the cold air output port 28 or the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, the second switch 21 controls the ratio of cold air flow and hot air flow output by the vortex tube 3 to adjust the temperature and flow of the corresponding air flow, and further controls the working state of the gravity heat pipe 4, including starting, stopping, fast refrigeration (the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 is large), slow refrigeration (the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 is small), and the like.
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cold guiding assembly 5 is an air cooling manner, the cold guiding assembly 5 in embodiment 1 is a liquid cooling manner, the cold guiding assembly 5 in this embodiment is a cold water manner, the cold air of the vortex tube 3 passes through the water tank 12 to generate cold water, and the generated cold water is wound on the fins of the condensing section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 in an embedded manner through the cold water conveying pipeline 13, so that the two heat exchanges heat to achieve the refrigeration effect of the condensing section 6.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a general type cold chain refrigerating plant for roads and railways comprises a box body 1 and a refrigerating assembly, the refrigerating assembly comprises a compressor 2, a vortex tube 3, a plurality of gravity heat pipes 4 and a cold guide assembly 5, the gravity heat pipes 4 penetrate through the top of the box body 1, a condensation section 6 of each gravity heat pipe 4 is exposed outside the box body 1, an evaporation section 7 is located in the box body 1, an air outlet of the compressor 2 is communicated with an air inlet of the vortex tube 3, a cold air outlet 28 of the vortex tube 3 is communicated with the cold guide assembly 5, and the cold guide assembly 5 is in cold contact with the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 and is used for transmitting cold energy of the vortex tube 3 to the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4.
The cold guide assembly 5 comprises a water tank 12 and a cold water conveying pipeline 13, a cold air outlet 28 of the vortex tube 3 is communicated with an air inlet 29 of the water tank 12, a water outlet 30 of the water tank 12 is communicated with the starting end of the cold water conveying pipeline 13, the cold water conveying pipeline 13 sequentially winds around the condensation sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4 from the starting end, and the tail end of the cold water conveying pipeline is communicated with a water inlet 31 of the water tank 12, wherein the cold water conveying pipeline 13 can wind around fins on the condensation sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4 in an embedded mode; the cold water conveying pipeline 13 sequentially winds the condensing sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4, then extends into the box body 1, extends out of the box body 1 after winding each layer of goods shelves 14 and is communicated with the water inlet 31 of the water tank 12, in the embodiment, the cold water conveying pipeline 13 winds the bottoms of the goods shelves 14, so that the cold water conveying pipeline 13 is more hidden, and the refrigerating effect is better; the water outlet 30 of the water tank 12 is communicated with the starting end of the cold water conveying pipeline 13 through a water suction pump 23, and the water suction pump 23 is a variable pump and is used for controlling the flow of cooling water; this lead cold subassembly 5 adopts the liquid cooling mode to cool off the condensation segment 6 of gravity heat pipe 4, and cold contact is direct contact.
The compressor 2 and the vortex tube 3 are both arranged outside the box body 1; the solar energy component 15 is arranged at the top of the box body 1, and the solar energy component 15 is electrically connected with the compressor 2 and supplies power to the compressor 2.
The box body 1 comprises a shell 16 and an inner container 17, an interlayer 18 between the shell 16 and the inner container 17 is a vacuum layer, and a plurality of supporting structures 19 are arranged between the shell 16 and the inner container 17; the box body 1 is also provided with a sealing structure 20 corresponding to the penetrating positions of the gravity heat pipes 4 and the penetrating positions of the cold water conveying pipelines 13, and the sealing structure 20 comprises self-sealing of each layer of structure of the box body 1 at the penetrating positions and sealing among the box body 1, the gravity heat pipes 4 and the cold water conveying pipelines 13 at the penetrating positions; the support structure 19 may be a support post made of a hard resin connected between the outer shell 16 and the inner container 17, and the outer shell 16 may be made of a corrugated plate having a high strength.
A three-way valve 22 is further arranged on the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, an air inlet of the three-way valve 22 is communicated with the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, one air outlet is connected with a hot air conveying pipeline 25 and is commonly used for providing warm air for a cab 27, and the other air outlet is communicated with an air leakage pipeline 26 and is used for discharging redundant hot air; the second switch 21 is arranged on the cold air outlet 28 or the hot air outlet 24 of the vortex tube 3, and is used for controlling the ratio of cold air to hot air output by the vortex tube 3 to adjust the temperature and the flow of the corresponding air flow, so as to control the working state of the gravity heat pipe 4.
The working principle of the cold chain refrigerating device for the highway and the railway is as follows:
starting a compressor 2 to deliver compressed air to a vortex tube 3, and converting the compressed air into cold air and hot air through the vortex tube 3; the hot air is output through a hot air output port 24, and the three-way valve 22 controls the hot air to supply hot air to a cab 27 through a hot air conveying pipeline 25 in cold days or controls the hot air to be directly discharged into the atmosphere through a gas discharge pipeline 26 in hot days; the cold air is output through the cold air output port 28 of the vortex tube 3, the cold air output from the cold air output port 28 of the vortex tube 3 firstly generates cooling water through the water tank 12 in an aeration mode, and then the cooling water generated by the water tank 12 exchanges heat with the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 through the cold water conveying pipeline 13, so that the cold energy of the vortex tube 3 is transferred to the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4; after the temperature of the condensation section 6 is reduced, the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 is generated; therefore, heat can be transferred from the high-temperature evaporation section 7 to the low-temperature condensation section 6, namely, the heat in the box body 1 can be transferred to the outside of the box body 1 through the gravity heat pipe 4; as long as the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 have a small temperature difference, the heat in the box body 1 can be continuously transferred out of the box body 1, thereby achieving the refrigeration effect in the box body 1; in addition, after winding the condensation sections 6 of the gravity heat pipes 4, the cold water conveying pipeline 13 also extends into the box body 1 and bypasses the shelves 14 so as to directly cool the shelves 14 and the space in the box body 1 in a convection mode, so that the refrigeration effect is better; in addition, the required refrigeration temperature in the box body 1 can be realized by adjusting the second switch 21 (which can be automatically controlled) on the cold air output port 28 or the hot air output port 24 of the vortex tube 3, and the second switch 21 controls the ratio of cold air and hot air output by the vortex tube 3 to adjust the temperature and flow of the corresponding air flow, so as to control the working state of the gravity heat pipe 4, including starting, stopping, rapid refrigeration (the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 is large), slow refrigeration (the temperature difference between the evaporation section 7 and the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 is small), and the like.
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 lies in the cold guiding component 5, and the cold guiding component 5 in this embodiment not only winds around the condensation section 6 of each gravity assisted heat pipe 4, but also extends into the box 1 and winds around each layer of shelf 14, so as to directly cool the shelf 14 and the space in the box 1 in a convection manner, and the refrigeration effect is better.
For convenience of illustration, the above embodiment is only given in the context of application to a truck, but the above embodiment is of course equally applicable to a train.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined in the claims of the present invention, such as the cooling guide assembly 5, the cooling of the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 by air cooling, the cooling of the shelves 14 in the box 1 by liquid cooling, the cooling of the condensation section 6 of the gravity heat pipe 4 by air cooling, and the like.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a general type cold chain refrigerating plant of highway and railway, includes box (1) and refrigeration subassembly, its characterized in that: refrigeration assembly includes compressor (2), vortex tube (3), a plurality of gravity heat pipe (4) and leads cold subassembly (5), the top of box (1) is worn to locate in a plurality of gravity heat pipes (4), and condensation segment (6) of gravity heat pipe (4) expose outside box (1), and evaporation zone (7) are located box (1), the gas outlet of compressor (2) is linked together with the air inlet of vortex tube (3), cold air delivery outlet (28) and the cold subassembly (5) of leading of vortex tube (3) are linked together, lead cold subassembly (5) and condensation segment (6) cold contact of gravity heat pipe (4) for cold volume transmission to condensation segment (6) of gravity heat pipe (4) with vortex tube (3).
2. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type as claimed in claim 1, wherein: lead cold subassembly (5) and include air conditioning pipeline (8), the air conditioning delivery outlet (28) of vortex tube (3) is linked together with the air inlet of air conditioning pipeline (8), be equipped with a plurality of first air conditioning nozzle (9) on air conditioning pipeline (8), a plurality of first air conditioning nozzle (9) set up outside box (1) and are close to condensation segment (6) of gravity heat pipe (4) for to the condensation segment (6) injection air conditioning of each gravity heat pipe (4).
3. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type as claimed in claim 2, wherein: still be equipped with a plurality of second air conditioning nozzles (10) on air conditioning pipeline (8), second air conditioning nozzle (10) stretch into in box (1) for spray air conditioning in to box (1).
4. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type according to claim 3, wherein: each second cold air nozzle (10) is provided with a first switch (11).
5. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type according to claim 1, wherein: lead cold subassembly (5) and include water tank (12) and cold water pipeline (13), cold air delivery outlet (28) of vortex tube (3) are linked together with air inlet (29) of water tank (12), delivery port (30) of water tank (12) are linked together with the initiating terminal of cold water pipeline (13), cold water pipeline (13) begin to twine in proper order by the initiating terminal and walk around condensation segment (6) of each gravity heat pipe (4), and end and water inlet (31) of water tank (12) are linked together.
6. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type according to claim 5, wherein: and the cold water conveying pipeline (13) sequentially winds around the condensation sections (6) of the gravity heat pipes (4), extends into the box body (1), winds around the shelves (14) of each layer, extends out of the box body (1) and is communicated with the water inlet (31) of the water tank (12).
7. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compressor (2) and the vortex tube (3) are both arranged outside the box body (1).
8. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solar energy component (15) is arranged at the top of the box body (1), and the solar energy component (15) is electrically connected with the compressor (2).
9. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the box body (1) comprises a shell (16) and a liner (17), an interlayer (18) between the shell (16) and the liner (17) is a vacuum layer, and a plurality of supporting structures (19) are arranged between the shell (16) and the liner (17).
10. A cold chain refrigeration unit of the road and railway type according to claim 9, wherein: and a sealing structure (20) is arranged in the box body (1) corresponding to the penetrating position of each gravity heat pipe (4).
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210884621.5A CN115420048A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Highway and railway general type cold chain cold storage plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210884621.5A CN115420048A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Highway and railway general type cold chain cold storage plant |
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| CN115420048A true CN115420048A (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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| CN202210884621.5A Pending CN115420048A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Highway and railway general type cold chain cold storage plant |
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