CN115419880A - Steam temperature deviation automatic control method for thermal power generating unit - Google Patents
Steam temperature deviation automatic control method for thermal power generating unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN115419880A CN115419880A CN202211080408.5A CN202211080408A CN115419880A CN 115419880 A CN115419880 A CN 115419880A CN 202211080408 A CN202211080408 A CN 202211080408A CN 115419880 A CN115419880 A CN 115419880A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
- F22B35/18—Applications of computers to steam boiler control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
- F22G5/20—Controlling superheat temperature by combined controlling procedures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of thermal generator set control engineering, and discloses an automatic control method for steam temperature deviation of a thermal power generating unit, which comprises the steps of putting superheater desuperheating water and a burnout air door into automatic states; if the load is larger than the basic load, judging whether the opening deviation of the left and right first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valves, the deviation of left and right low outlet steam temperatures and the deviation of left and right low re-outlet steam temperatures are larger than a preset value; if 2 or more than 3 parameters are larger than a preset value, opening a burnout air door on one side with higher large steam temperature or larger opening of a primary temperature-reducing water regulating valve of the superheater; judging whether the opening of the current burnout air door is out of limit or not, if not, waiting for a preset time, and then jumping to judge whether the opening of a left first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valve, the opening of a right first-stage outlet steam valve, the opening of a left second-stage outlet steam valve, the opening of a right second-stage outlet steam valve and the deviation of the temperature of a left second-stage outlet steam valve are larger than a preset value or not; otherwise, the steam temperature deviation automatic adjustment is finished. The method can adjust and perfect the steam temperature deviation automatic control effect of the thermal power generating unit from the flue gas side, and effectively reduce the steam temperature deviation of the boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermal power generating unit control engineering, in particular to an automatic control method for steam temperature deviation of a thermal power generating unit.
Background
In recent years, thermal power generation in China is rapidly developed, and a generator set gradually develops towards a large-scale, large-capacity and high-parameter direction. The large-capacity high-parameter thermal power generating unit has numerous devices and a complex control system structure, and higher requirements are put forward on the operation and management level of operators. The automatic level of the unit is continuously improved, and automatic control and intelligent control of more operations are important subjects to be researched in the intelligent and intelligent transformation of the current thermal power generating unit.
Along with the increase of unit capacity and parameters, the sectional area of the furnace chamber of the boiler and the width of the flue are correspondingly increased, and the flue gas temperature deviation at the outlet of the furnace chamber and the steam temperature deviation of a superheater and a reheater system are easily caused. If the steam temperature has serious deviation for a long time, a large amount of desuperheating water is added, even the temperature of the heating surface walls of the superheater and the reheater is over-heated or stress cracking is possibly caused, the risk of pipe explosion exists, and the safety and the economical efficiency of unit operation are seriously influenced.
At present, the adjustment of steam temperature deviation is mainly adjusted by steam-water side desuperheating water, and the adjustment of a smoke side is completed by manual operation. The operator manually adjusts the opening of the left and right side burn-out air doors according to the operation condition of the unit and manual judgment, and reduces the deviation of the flue gas temperature in the width direction of the hearth to achieve the purpose of adjusting the steam temperature deviation. The operation process highly depends on experience and level of operators, and frequent fluctuation or increased deviation of steam temperature is easily caused if the experience of the operators is insufficient or input parameters are improper, so that the water consumption of desuperheating water is increased, and the stable and economic operation of a unit is influenced. Therefore, the automatic control method for the steam temperature deviation has great engineering value for improving the automatic control level of the unit, reducing the labor intensity of operators, effectively reducing the steam temperature deviation of the boiler, realizing the safe, stable and economic operation of the unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for automatically controlling steam temperature deviation of a thermal power generating unit, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a steam temperature deviation automatic control method for a thermal power generating unit comprises the following steps:
1) Putting the superheater desuperheating water and the burnout air door into an automatic state;
2) Judging whether the load is greater than the basic load, if so, carrying out the next step, otherwise, finishing the automatic adjustment;
3) Judging whether the opening deviation of the left and right first-stage desuperheater valves, the deviation of left and right low outlet steam temperatures and the deviation of left and right low re-outlet steam temperatures are larger than a preset value or not;
4) If 2 or more of the 3 parameters in the step 3) are larger than a preset value, opening a burnout air door on the side with higher atmospheric temperature or larger opening of a primary desuperheater water regulating valve of the superheater according to a preset first fold function rate, and reducing the opening of the burnout air door on the opposite side;
5) Acquiring unit load, judging whether the opening of the current burnout air door is out of limit according to a preset second fold function of the opening limit of the burnout air door, and jumping to the step 3 after waiting for preset time if the opening of the current burnout air door is not out of limit; otherwise, the automatic adjustment of the steam temperature deviation is finished.
Preferably, the base load in step 2) is 40% of the rated load.
Preferably, the preset value of the deviation of the opening degree of the left and right first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valves in the step 3) is 40%, the preset value of the deviation of the left and right low-pass outlet steam temperatures is 10 ℃, and the preset value of the deviation of the left and right low-re-outlet steam temperatures is 10 ℃.
Preferably, the value relationship of the first folding function preset in step 4) is as shown in formula (1):
f 1 ＝0.05％/s*f(ΔK)*f(ΔT 1 )*f(ΔT 2 ) (1)
in the formula (1), f 1 For the opening and closing rate of the burn-out air door, delta K is the opening deviation of the left and right first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valve, delta T 1 The temperature deviation of the left and right side low-passing outlet steam, delta T 2 The temperature deviation of the steam at the lower re-outlet of the left side and the right side is shown. f (delta K) is a correction coefficient of the opening deviation of the left-side and right-side first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valves, and the value relationship is shown as the formula (2):
f(ΔT 1 ) The left side and the right side lower outlet steam temperature deviation correction coefficient has the value relation shown in the formula (3):
f(ΔT 2 ) The correction coefficient of the temperature deviation of the low re-outlet steam at the left side and the right side has the value relation shown in the formula (4):
preferably, the value relationship of the second broken line function of the opening limit of the burnout damper preset in step 5) is as shown in formula (5):
in the formula (5), f 2 In order to burn out the opening of the air door, P is the load of the unit, and RO is the rated load.
Preferably, the preset time t in step 5) is 60s.
The automatic control method for the steam temperature deviation of the thermal power generating unit has the following advantages:
1. the invention sets the lower load limit of automatic regulation control to avoid the influence of over-large variation of over-burning air on the combustion stability of the boiler under low load.
2. According to the invention, different burn-out air door opening and closing rates are set according to the steam temperature deviation and the opening deviation of the temperature-reducing water regulating valve, so that the self-adaptive automatic regulation of the steam temperature deviation is realized.
3. The invention comprehensively considers the burnout of fuel and the control of the NOx emission concentration of the boiler, and sets different opening limit values of burnout air doors under different loads. The problem that the carbon content of the boiler fly ash exceeds the standard or the output of a denitration system is insufficient to cause the environmental protection index to exceed the emission due to the adjustment of steam temperature deviation is avoided.
4. In the invention, waiting time is set between two adjacent steam temperature deviations, and in the period of time, the steam temperature change caused by the adjustment of the flue gas side can be effectively reduced and controlled through the desuperheating water automatically, so that the steam temperature is prevented from greatly fluctuating due to the over-fast adjustment of the burnout air door, and the whole steam temperature control is more stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic process flow of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the implementation steps of the automatic control method for steam temperature deviation of a thermal power generating unit in this embodiment include:
1) Putting superheater desuperheating water and burnout air doors into automatic states;
2) Judging whether the load is greater than the basic load, if so, carrying out the next step, otherwise, finishing the automatic adjustment;
3) Judging whether the opening deviation of a first-stage desuperheating water regulating valve at the left side and the right side, the deviation of low outlet steam temperature at the left side and the right side and the deviation of low outlet steam temperature at the left side and the right side are larger than a preset value or not;
4) If 2 or more of the 3 parameters in the step 3) are larger than a preset value, opening a burnout air door on the side with higher atmospheric temperature or larger opening of a primary desuperheater water regulating valve of the superheater according to a preset first fold function rate, and reducing the opening of the burnout air door on the opposite side;
5) Acquiring unit load, judging whether the opening of the current burnout air door is out of limit or not according to a preset second broken line function of the opening limit value of the burnout air door, and if not, skipping to the step 3 after waiting for preset time; otherwise, the automatic adjustment of the steam temperature deviation is finished.
In this example, the base load in step 2) was 40% of the rated load.
In this embodiment, the default value of the deviation of the opening degree of the left and right first-stage desuperheated water regulating valves in step 3) is 40%, the default value of the deviation of the left and right low-pass outlet steam temperatures is 10 ℃, and the default value of the deviation of the left and right low-re-outlet steam temperatures is 10 ℃.
In this embodiment, the value relationship of the first folding function preset in step 4) is as shown in formula (1):
f 1 ＝0.05％/s*f(ΔK)*f(ΔT 1 )*f(ΔT 2 ) (1)
in the formula (1), f 1 For the opening and closing rate of the burn-out air door, delta K is the opening deviation of the left and right first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valve, delta T 1 The temperature deviation of the left and right side low-passing outlet steam, delta T 2 The temperature deviation of the steam at the lower re-outlet of the left side and the right side is shown. f (delta K) is a correction coefficient of the opening deviation of the left-side and right-side first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valves, and the value relationship is shown as the formula (2):
f(ΔT 1 ) The left side and the right side lower outlet steam temperature deviation correction coefficient has the value relation shown in the formula (3):
f(ΔT 2 ) The correction coefficient of the deviation of the steam temperature of the low re-outlet on the left side and the right side has the value relation shown in the formula (4):
in this embodiment, the value relationship of the second broken line function of the opening limit of the burnout damper preset in step 5) is as shown in formula (5):
in the formula (5), f 2 The opening degree of the burn-out air door is P, the unit load is P, and the rated load is RO.
In this embodiment, the preset time t in step 5) is 60s.
According to the automatic control method for the steam temperature deviation of the thermal power generating unit, the lower load limit of automatic adjustment control is set, and the influence of overlarge variation of over-fired air on boiler combustion stability under low load is avoided.
Different switch speeds of the burnout air door are set according to the steam temperature deviation and the opening deviation of the desuperheating water regulating valve, so that the self-adaptive automatic regulation of the steam temperature deviation is realized.
The control of the burnout performance of fuel and the NOx emission concentration of the boiler is comprehensively considered, and different opening limit values of burnout air doors are set under different loads. The problem that the carbon content of the fly ash of the boiler exceeds the standard or the output of a denitration system is insufficient to cause the environmental protection index to exceed the discharge due to the adjustment of steam temperature deviation is avoided.
Adjacent twice judgement is provided with latency between the steam temperature deviation, in this section of time, can effectively alleviate and control the steam temperature change because of the adjustment of flue gas side brings through desuperheating water is automatic, avoids the burn-up air door to adjust the action and leads to the steam temperature to fluctuate by a wide margin at the excessive speed, makes whole steam temperature control more steady.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A steam temperature deviation automatic control method for a thermal power generating unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Putting superheater desuperheating water and burnout air doors into automatic states;
2) Judging whether the load is greater than the basic load, if so, carrying out the next step, otherwise, finishing the automatic adjustment;
3) Judging whether the opening deviation of the left and right first-stage desuperheater valves, the deviation of left and right low outlet steam temperatures and the deviation of left and right low re-outlet steam temperatures are larger than a preset value or not;
4) If 2 or more than 2 of the 3 parameters in the step 3) are larger than a preset value, opening a burnout air door on the side with higher large steam temperature or larger opening of a primary desuperheater water regulating valve of the superheater according to a preset first fold line function rate, and reducing the opening of the burnout air door on the opposite side;
5) Acquiring unit load, judging whether the opening of the current burnout air door is out of limit according to a preset second fold function of the opening limit of the burnout air door, and jumping to the step 3 after waiting for preset time if the opening of the current burnout air door is not out of limit; otherwise, the automatic adjustment of the steam temperature deviation is finished.
2. The automatic control method for the steam temperature deviation of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the base load in the step 2) is 40% of a rated load.
3. The method for automatically controlling the steam temperature deviation of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the preset value of the opening deviation of the left and right first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valves in the step 3) is 40%, the preset value of the deviation of the left and right low-excess outlet steam temperatures is 10 ℃, and the preset value of the deviation of the left and right low-re-outlet steam temperatures is 10 ℃.
4. The automatic control method for the steam temperature deviation of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1 or 3, wherein a value relation of the first folding function preset in the step 4) is as shown in formula (1):
f 1 ＝0.05％/s*f(ΔK)*f(ΔT 1 )*f(ΔT 2 ) (1)
in the formula (1), f 1 For the switching rate of the burn-out air door, delta K is the opening deviation of the left-side and right-side first-stage temperature-reducing water regulating valves, delta T 1 The temperature deviation of the left and right side low-passing outlet steam, delta T 2 F (delta K) is the deviation correction coefficient of the opening deviation of the first-level temperature-reducing water regulating valve at the left side and the right side, and the value relationship is shown as the formula (2):
f(ΔT 1 ) The left side and the right side lower outlet steam temperature deviation correction coefficient has the value relation shown in the formula (3):
f(ΔT 2 ) The correction coefficient of the temperature deviation of the low re-outlet steam at the left side and the right side has the value relation shown in the formula (4):
5. the automatic control method for steam temperature deviation of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein a value relation of a second curve function of the opening limit value of the burnout damper preset in the step 5) is as shown in formula (5):
in the formula (5), f 2 The opening degree of the burn-out air door is P, the unit load is P, and the rated load is RO.
6. The automatic control method for the steam temperature deviation of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the preset time t in the step 5) is 60s.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008209084A (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Boiler automatic control device |
| CN105759864A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-13 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Compensation adjusting method for main steam pressure of thermal power generating unit |
| CN113418207A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-21 | 北京必可测科技股份有限公司 | Power station hearth combustion monitoring and diagnosing device and method |
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- 2022-09-05 CN CN202211080408.5A patent/CN115419880B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008209084A (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Boiler automatic control device |
| CN105759864A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-13 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Compensation adjusting method for main steam pressure of thermal power generating unit |
| CN113418207A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-21 | 北京必可测科技股份有限公司 | Power station hearth combustion monitoring and diagnosing device and method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王朔: "火电机组启动过程智能指导系统研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅱ辑》, 15 January 2020 (2020-01-15) * |
| 高爱国;尚勇;康静秋;: "提高自动发电控制性能指标的协调控制策略优化与应用", 热力发电, no. 12, 25 December 2012 (2012-12-25) * |
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