CN115419523A

CN115419523A - Hydrogen internal combustion engine control device based on controllable activity of mixed gas

Info

Publication number: CN115419523A
Application number: CN202211042021.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段雄波; 孙志强
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2022-08-29
Filing date: 2022-08-29
Publication date: 2022-12-02

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen internal combustion engine control device based on mixed gas activity control, which comprises an exhaust system, a fuel supply ignition system and a water thermal management system, wherein the exhaust system comprises an exhaust gas circulating system, the exhaust gas circulating system is arranged between an air inlet system and an air outlet system of a hydrogen internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas circulating system comprises an exhaust gas recirculation pipe and an exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer, the fuel supply ignition system comprises an in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer which is arranged on a cylinder cover of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body, the hydrothermal management system comprises a water collector and a water storage device, the water storage device comprises an in-cylinder water sprayer, and the in-cylinder water sprayer is arranged on the cylinder cover of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body. According to the invention, hydrogen and water are directly injected into the cylinder, the hydrogen and water spraying time is controlled, the combustion rate of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is regulated and controlled, the combustion temperature in the cylinder is reduced, the nitrogen oxide and heat transfer loss are reduced, and the thermal efficiency and the economical efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine are improved.

Description

Hydrogen internal combustion engine control device based on controllable activity of mixed gas

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of combustion systems, in particular, relates to a hydrogen internal combustion engine control device based on controllable activity of mixed gas.

Background

Along with the proposal of the strategic target of 'double carbon' in China, china puts forward more strict requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction of internal combustion engines, in order to fundamentally solve the problem of carbon emission of the traditional internal combustion engine, hydrogen is used as fuel of the internal combustion engine, and zero carbon emission of the internal combustion engine can be realized. Hydrogen gas has a plurality of the advantages of physicochemical properties are as follows: 1. the diffusion rate of hydrogen is high, which is beneficial to accelerating the formation of mixed gas; 2. the heat value of the hydrogen is high, and more heat can be released by burning the hydrogen with unit mass, thereby being beneficial to improving the heat efficiency; 3. the combustion rate of the hydrogen is high, so that the combustion rate of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is improved, and the constant volume combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is improved, so that the efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is improved; 4. the ignition energy of the hydrogen is low, so that a more stable initial fire core is formed, and the combustion stability of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is improved; 5. the hydrogen flame quenching distance is short, which is beneficial to reducing the flame quenching distance of the wall surface of the combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and reducing the unburned mixed gas, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

The hydrogen internal combustion engine in the prior art has two injection modes of hydrogen injection by an air passage and hydrogen direct injection in a cylinder, the injection pressure of the hydrogen injected by the air passage is low, the requirement on a hydrogen nozzle is low, but the phenomena of tempering and the like are easily caused by the injection of the air passage; and the gas flue sprays hydrogen, because hydrogen volume density is low, hydrogen can occupy most intake capacity, leads to hydrogen internal-combustion engine volumetric efficiency low, and then influences the output power of hydrogen internal-combustion engine, and the hydrogen internal-combustion engine that the gas flue sprays hydrogen needs large-traffic turbo charger to improve air intake flow to improve hydrogen internal-combustion engine output power. The hydrogen combustion engine is easy to knock and burn under the equivalent ratio working condition, and the combustion temperature is high, so that the emission of nitrogen oxides and the heat transfer loss are increased. In addition, the phenomenon of backfire and the like is easily caused when the hydrogen is injected into the gas passage of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

Although the dependence on large-flow turbocharging can be reduced by the direct injection of hydrogen in the cylinder in the prior art, the direct injection of hydrogen in the cylinder at the moment when the intake valve is closed can improve the air intake amount and the volumetric efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, the hydrogen internal combustion engine has the disadvantages of high combustion rate, high combustion temperature, more nitrogen oxides production, increased heat transfer loss and the like under the equivalence ratio working condition.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a hydrogen internal combustion engine control device based on mixed gas activity control, which aims at the defects of the prior art and adopts water vapor recycling and direct injection of hydrogen and water in a cylinder to control the time of hydrogen and water injection, regulate and control the components and activity of the mixed gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and control the in-cylinder mixing and thermodynamic states before the ignition time of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, thereby regulating and controlling the combustion rate of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, eliminating in-cylinder explosion and combustion, reducing the in-cylinder combustion temperature, reducing nitric oxide and heat transfer loss, and further improving the thermal efficiency and economy of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the technical scheme that a hydrogen internal combustion engine control device based on mixed gas activity control is provided, and the hydrogen internal combustion engine control device comprises an exhaust system, a fuel supply ignition system, a water heat management system and an electric control system;

the exhaust system comprises an exhaust gas circulating system, and the exhaust gas circulating system is arranged between an air inlet system and an air outlet system of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and is used for introducing exhaust gas after partial combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and diluting fresh inlet air;

the exhaust gas recirculation system comprises an exhaust recirculation pipe and an exhaust recirculation water sprayer, the exhaust recirculation pipe is connected with an intake manifold, and the exhaust recirculation water sprayer is fixedly arranged on the exhaust recirculation pipe and used for reducing the temperature in the exhaust recirculation pipe and the intake temperature;

the fuel supply ignition system comprises an in-cylinder hydrogen injector, wherein the in-cylinder hydrogen injector is arranged on a cylinder cover of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and is used for directly injecting hydrogen into a cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine;

the water heat management system comprises a water collector and a water storage device, wherein the water collector is used for recovering water vapor in exhaust gas discharged by the hydrogen internal combustion engine; the water storage device comprises an in-cylinder water sprayer, the in-cylinder water sprayer is arranged on a cylinder cover of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and is used for directly spraying condensed water into the cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and the water storage device is used for storing water vapor in the exhaust gas discharged by the hydrogen internal combustion engine and recovered by the water collector and conveying the condensed water to the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer and the in-cylinder water sprayer;

the electric control system is used for controlling the time of spraying hydrogen and water in the cylinder and regulating and controlling the combustion rate of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

Further, a hydrogen internal combustion engine body is also included;

the hydrogen internal combustion engine body comprises an engine body group, a piston connecting rod mechanism, a valve mechanism, a rotating speed sensor and the like.

Further, the air inlet system is further included;

the air inlet system comprises an air inlet, an air filter, an air inlet manifold, an air inlet temperature sensor, an air inlet pressure sensor and a throttle valve;

the air inlet manifold is mounted on the hydrogen internal combustion engine body, the air inlet is mounted on the air filter, the air inlet channel temperature sensor and the air inlet channel pressure sensor are mounted on the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel temperature sensor and the air inlet channel pressure sensor are used for monitoring the air inlet pressure and temperature of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body in real time, and the throttle valve is mounted on the air inlet manifold;

the throttle valve, intake duct temperature sensor and intake duct pressure sensor with electrical system connects.

Furthermore, the exhaust system also comprises a silencer, an exhaust passage, a three-way catalyst, an exhaust passage temperature sensor and an exhaust passage pressure sensor;

the exhaust passage is connected with the hydrogen internal combustion engine body, and the exhaust passage temperature sensor and the exhaust passage pressure sensor are arranged on the exhaust passage;

the three-way catalyst and the silencer are sequentially arranged on the exhaust passage according to the exhaust flow direction;

the exhaust passage temperature sensor and the exhaust passage pressure sensor are connected with the electric control system.

Further, the exhaust gas recirculation system also comprises an exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor and an exhaust gas recirculation electromagnetic valve;

the exhaust gas recirculation pipe is connected with the intake manifold and the exhaust passage, and the exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor is arranged on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe and close to the intake manifold;

the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve is mounted on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe, and the exhaust gas recirculation water spray is mounted on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe between the exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor and the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve;

the exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor, the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer and the exhaust gas recirculation electromagnetic valve are connected with an electronic control system.

Further, the fuel supply ignition system also comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen storage pressure sensor, a solenoid valve switch, a pressure regulating solenoid valve and a hydrogen flowmeter;

the hydrogen storage pressure sensor is arranged on a high-pressure pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank, the electromagnetic valve switch, the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve and the hydrogen flowmeter are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank according to the direction of hydrogen entering the internal combustion engine, and the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve is arranged between the electromagnetic valve switch and the hydrogen flowmeter;

the hydrogen storage pressure sensor, the electromagnetic valve switch, the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve, the hydrogen flowmeter and the in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer are connected with an electric control system.

Further, the water collector comprises a water collector inlet temperature sensor, a water collector liquid level sensor, a water collector water drain valve, a water collector water outlet pipe filter, a water collector water outlet pipe, a water collector exhaust port, a water collector air inlet, water collector radiating fins and a water collector Kong Heji water collector radiating fin empty slot;

the main body of the water collector consists of an annular cylindrical structure and water collector radiating fins, the water collector radiating fins are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the annular cylindrical structure and penetrate through the side wall of the annular cylindrical structure, gaps between adjacent water collector radiating fins are used for exhaust to pass through, one end of the annular cylindrical structure is a water collector exhaust port, and the other end of the annular cylindrical structure is a water collector air inlet;

the water collector inlet is connected with the silencer through the exhaust passage, and the water collector inlet temperature sensor is arranged between the silencer and the water collector inlet;

each water collector radiating fin is provided with a water collector radiating fin empty groove, the bottom of an annular cylindrical structure of a main body of the water collector is provided with a plurality of water collector holes, the bottom of each water collector hole is provided with a water tank of the water collector, and the outer side of an air exhaust port of the water collector is connected with the air exhaust channel;

the water collector inlet temperature sensor is arranged on the side wall of the water tank of the water collector, the water collector water drain valve is arranged on the bottom surface of a water tank of the water collector;

the water collector inlet temperature sensor, the water collector liquid level sensor and the water collector drain valve are connected with the electric control system.

The water collector outlet pipe filter is installed on the inner bottom surface of the water tank of the water collector, one end of the water collector outlet pipe is connected with the water collector outlet pipe filter, and the other end of the water collector outlet pipe is connected with the water storage device and used for conveying water in the water tank below the water collector to the water storage device.

Further, the water storage device comprises a water inlet pump, a water storage device water inlet pipe, a water storage device liquid level sensor, a water storage device water outlet valve, a water storage device pressure release valve, a water storage device water outlet pipe filter, a high pressure water pump, a water storage device water outlet pipe and a water flowmeter;

the other end of the water outlet pipe of the water collector is connected with the water inlet pump, the water inlet pump is connected with the water inlet pipe of the water receiver, and the water inlet pipe of the water receiver is communicated with the water tank of the water receiver;

the water storage tank liquid level sensor is arranged at the top of the water storage tank, and the water storage tank discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank;

the water inlet pump, the water storage tank liquid level sensor and the water discharge valve of the water storage tank are connected with the electric control system;

the water storage tank pressure release valve is arranged at the top of the water tank of the water storage device, the water storage tank water outlet pipe filter is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the water tank of the water storage device, one end of the water outlet pipe of the water storage device is connected with the water storage tank water outlet pipe filter, and the other end of the water outlet pipe of the water storage device is connected with the high-pressure water outlet pump;

the water flow meter is respectively connected with the high-pressure water outlet pump and the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer through the water outlet pipe of the water receiver, and the in-cylinder water sprayer is connected with the water outlet pipe of the water receiver between the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer and the water flow meter through the water outlet pipe of the water receiver;

the water flow meter, the high-pressure water outlet pump and the in-cylinder water sprayer are connected with the electric control system.

Further, the fuel supply ignition system further includes a spark plug and a knock sensor;

the spark plug and the knock sensor are both mounted on a cylinder body of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the invention adopts water vapor recycling and direct injection of hydrogen and water in a cylinder, controls the time of hydrogen and water injection, regulates and controls the components and the activity of mixed gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and controls the in-cylinder mixing and gas thermodynamic state before the ignition time of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, thereby regulating and controlling the combustion rate of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, eliminating in-cylinder knock combustion, reducing the in-cylinder combustion temperature, reducing nitrogen oxides and heat transfer loss, and further improving the thermal efficiency and the economy of the hydrogen internal combustion engine;

secondly, the invention adopts a novel device for recycling water vapor in the exhaust gas discharged by the hydrogen internal combustion engine, the water in the water tank of the water collector periodically passes through the water collector water outlet pipe filter, the water collector water outlet pipe, the water inlet pump and the water receiver water inlet pipe are conveyed into the water storage tank, the electronic control unit automatically determines the period according to the operation condition of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body, the water in the water tank below the water collector is periodically conveyed into the water storage tank, the water storage tank has larger capacity and can store larger-capacity condensed water, after primary water adding, the long period water-free operation of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body is realized, the complexity of the system is reduced, and the device for recycling water vapor in the exhaust gas realizes water vapor condensation, collection and control of detonation combustion, is favorable for reducing the detonation control cost of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, realizes water vapor condensation, collection and control of detonation combustion, and is favorable for reducing the detonation control cost of the hydrogen internal combustion engine;

thirdly, the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer is arranged on the exhaust gas recirculation pipeline, the electronic control unit controls the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer to spray water according to the exhaust temperature and specific working conditions of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body, and when the temperature in the exhaust gas recirculation pipeline is overhigh, the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer sprays water to reduce the temperature in the exhaust gas recirculation pipeline and the air inlet temperature, so that the air inlet density and the volumetric efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine are improved;

fourthly, the invention adopts an in-cylinder water spraying mode, the in-cylinder water sprayer is arranged on a cylinder cover of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body and is connected with a water storage device water outlet pipe between the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer and the water flow meter through a water storage device water outlet pipe, and the electronic control unit controls the water spraying time of the in-cylinder water sprayer to the in-cylinder water of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, so that the carbon deposition on the combustion chamber and the surface of the piston of the hydrogen internal combustion engine can be inhibited, and the water gas reaction can be generated by the water vapor and the carbon deposition, thereby reducing the carbon deposition on the surface area of the piston of the combustion chamber.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a knocking combustion and nitrogen oxide control device of a hydrogen internal combustion engine based on controllable activity of mixed gas according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the overall structure of a knocking combustion and nitrogen oxide control device of a hydrogen internal combustion engine based on controllable mixed gas activity according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a second enlarged view of the whole structure of the knocking combustion and nitrogen oxide control device of the hydrogen internal combustion engine based on the controllable activity of the mixed gas according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a water collector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of a water collector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein, 1-hydrogen internal combustion engine body; 10-a rotational speed sensor; 2-an air intake system; 20-an air inlet; 21-air filter; 22-an intake manifold; 23-inlet duct temperature sensor; 24-inlet pressure sensor; 25-throttle 25; 3-an exhaust system; 30-a muffler; 31-an exhaust passage; 32-three-way catalyst; 33-exhaust duct temperature sensor; 34-exhaust passage pressure sensor; 35-circulation of exhaust gas; 350 — exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor; 351-exhaust gas recirculation pipe; 352-exhaust gas recirculation water spray; 353 — exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve 353; 4-a fuel supply ignition system; 40-a hydrogen storage tank; 41-hydrogen storage pressure sensor; 42-a solenoid switch; 43-pressure regulating solenoid valve; 44-a hydrogen flow meter; 45-in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer; 46-a spark plug; 47-knock sensor; 5-a hydrothermal management system; 51-a water collector; 510-a sump inlet temperature sensor; 511-water collector level sensor; 512-water collector drain valve; 513-a water collector outlet pipe filter; 514-water collector outlet pipe; 515-water collector vent; 516-a water collector air inlet; 517-water collector fin; 518-a water collector hole; 519-empty slot of water collector radiating fin; 52-a water reservoir; 520-a water inlet pump; 521-a water inlet pipe of a water receiver; 522-a water tank level sensor; 523-water tank drain valve; 524-water storage tank pressure relief valve; 525-water tank outlet pipe filter; 526-high pressure water pump; 527-water outlet pipe of the water receiver; 528-water flow meter; 529-a water sprayer in the cylinder; 6-an electronic control system; 60-electronic control unit.

Detailed Description

The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a hydrogen internal combustion engine control device controllable based on mixture activity, which comprises a hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, an air intake system 2, an exhaust system 3, a fuel supply ignition system 4, a water heat management system 5 and an electric control system 6.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 includes an engine body group, a piston link mechanism, a valve actuating mechanism, a rotation speed sensor 10, and the like, and realizes the processes of air intake, compression, work application and exhaust of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and outputs useful work to the outside.

The rotational speed sensor 10 is installed at the flywheel end of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, and is used for acquiring a crank angle signal in real time and controlling the valve phase moment and the ignition moment.

The electronic control system 6 comprises an electronic control unit 60 and signal lines, wherein the signal lines are used for connecting each sensor device with the electronic control unit 60, and the electronic control unit 60 is used for receiving signals input by each sensor or other devices and sending instructions for signal storage, analysis and calculation.

The intake system 2 includes an intake port 20, an air filter 21, an intake manifold 22, an intake passage temperature sensor 23, an intake passage pressure sensor 24, and a throttle valve 25.

An intake manifold 22 is installed on the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, an air inlet 20 is installed on an air filter 21, and the air filter 21, an air inlet temperature sensor 23 and an air inlet pressure sensor 24 are all installed on the intake manifold 22; the air inlet temperature sensor 23 and the air inlet pressure sensor 24 are used for monitoring the air inlet pressure and temperature of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 in real time; a throttle valve 25 is mounted on the intake manifold 22 for controlling the fresh air intake flow of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1. The throttle valve 25, the intake passage temperature sensor 23, and the intake passage pressure sensor 24 are connected to the electronic control unit 60 via signal lines.

The exhaust system 3 includes a muffler 30, an exhaust passage 31, a three-way catalyst 32, an exhaust passage temperature sensor 33, an exhaust passage pressure sensor 34, and an exhaust gas recirculation system 35. The exhaust gas recirculation system 35 includes an exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor 350, an exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351, an exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer 352, and an exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve 353.

The exhaust passage 31 is connected to the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, and an exhaust passage temperature sensor 33 and an exhaust passage pressure sensor 34 are mounted on the exhaust passage 31 for monitoring the exhaust pressure and the exhaust temperature of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 in real time. The exhaust passage 31 is provided with a three-way catalyst 32 and a muffler 30 in sequence according to the exhaust flow direction, and the three-way catalyst 32 is used for catalytically converting nitrogen oxides and a small amount of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon pollution emissions in high-temperature exhaust gas after the combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 in real time. The exhaust passage temperature sensor 33 and the exhaust passage pressure sensor 34 are connected to the electronic control unit 60 via signal lines.

The exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 is connected to the intake manifold 22 and the exhaust passage 31, and is used to introduce exhaust gas after partial combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 to dilute fresh intake air. An exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor 350 is mounted on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 near the intake manifold 22 for monitoring the temperature in the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 in real time. An exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve 353 is mounted on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 for controlling opening and closing of the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 after partial combustion in the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1. An exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer 352 is mounted on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 between the exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor 350 and the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve 353. The exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor 350, the exhaust gas recirculation sprinkler 352, and the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve 353 are connected to the electronic control unit 60 through signal lines.

The fuel supply ignition system 4 includes a hydrogen storage tank 40, a hydrogen storage pressure sensor 41, an electromagnetic valve switch 42, a pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 43, a hydrogen flow meter 44, an in-cylinder hydrogen injector 45, an ignition plug 46, and a knock sensor 47.

The ignition plug 46 is mounted on a cylinder head of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, and is used for controlling the ignition time of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1; the knock sensor 47 is mounted on the cylinder body of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 and is used for monitoring the knock information of the combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 in real time and feeding back the signal to the electronic control unit 4.

The hydrogen storage pressure sensor 41 is installed on a high-pressure pipe of the hydrogen storage tank 40, and is used to monitor the pressure of hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank 40 in real time and transmit it to the electronic control unit 60 in real time, thereby calculating the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank 40.

The solenoid valve switch 42, the pressure regulating solenoid valve 43, and the hydrogen flow meter 44 are mounted on the high-pressure pipe of the hydrogen storage tank 40 in this order in the direction in which hydrogen enters the internal combustion engine. The solenoid valve switch 42 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank 40. The pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 43 is installed between the electromagnetic valve switch 42 and the hydrogen flow meter 44, and is used for regulating the pressure of the hydrogen output by the hydrogen storage tank 40 in real time, so as to control the hydrogen injection pressure of the in-cylinder hydrogen injector 45. The hydrogen flow meter 44 is kept at a suitable distance from the pressure regulating solenoid valve 43 for reducing the flow fluctuation of hydrogen gas in the high-pressure line, thereby reducing the influence on the flow meter measurement, and improving the accuracy of the hydrogen flow meter 44 in measuring the hydrogen gas flow. The in-cylinder hydrogen injector 45 is mounted on a cylinder head of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, and is connected to the hydrogen flowmeter 44 through a high-pressure pipe. The hydrogen storage pressure sensor 41, the electromagnetic valve switch 42, the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 43, the hydrogen flow meter 44 and the in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer 45 are connected with the electronic control unit 60 through signal lines.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the water thermal management system 5 includes a water collector 51 and a water reservoir 52. The water collector 51 includes a water collector inlet temperature sensor 510, a water collector liquid level sensor 511, a water collector drain valve 512, a water collector outlet pipe filter 513, a water collector outlet pipe 514, a water collector exhaust port 515, a water collector air inlet 516, water collector fins 517, water collector holes 518, and a water collector fin empty slot 519.

The main body of the water collector 51 is composed of an annular cylindrical structure and water collector radiating fins 517, the water collector radiating fins 517 are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the annular cylindrical structure and penetrate through the side wall of the annular cylindrical structure, gaps between adjacent water collector radiating fins 517 are used for exhaust to pass through, and the water collector radiating fins 517 are used for reducing the exhaust temperature of the muffler 30 and condensing water vapor in the exhaust into water; one end of the circular cylindrical structure is a water collector exhaust port 515 and the other end is a water collector intake port 516. The water collector inlet 516 is connected with the muffler 30 through the exhaust passage 31, and the water collector inlet temperature sensor 510 is installed between the muffler 30 and the water collector inlet 516 for monitoring the temperature of the water collector inlet 516 of the water collector 51 in real time.

A water collector fin slot 519 is provided on each water collector fin 512 for collecting water vapor condensed on the water collector fin 512. A plurality of sump holes 518 are formed at the bottom of the circular cylindrical structure of the main body of the sump 51, a water tank of the sump 51 is formed at the bottom of the sump holes 518, and the condensed water collected enters the water tank below the sump 51 through the sump holes 518. The outside of the exhaust port 515 of the water collector is connected to the exhaust passage 31, for passing through the excess exhaust gases and the incompletely condensed water vapour.

A sump inlet temperature sensor 510 is installed at a sidewall of the sump 51 for monitoring a liquid level in the sump 51 in real time. The water collector discharge valve 512 is installed on the bottom surface of the water tank of the water collector 51 and is used for discharging excessive condensed water, particularly in low or extremely low environments such as winter, the excessive condensed water causes the liquid level in the water tank of the water collector 51 to exceed the water collector liquid level sensor 511, the electronic control unit 60 controls to open the water collector discharge valve 512, so that part of water in the water tank below the water collector 51 is discharged, and the water tank below the water collector 51 is convenient to clean. The sump inlet temperature sensor 510, the sump level sensor 511 and the sump drain valve 512 are connected to the electronic control unit 60 through signal lines.

A collector outlet pipe filter 513 is installed on the inner bottom surface of the water tank of the water collector 51, and one end of a collector outlet pipe 514 is connected with the collector outlet pipe filter 513, and the other end is connected with the water receiver 52, for periodically delivering the water in the water tank below the water collector 51 to the water receiver 52.

The reservoir 52 includes a water inlet pump 520, a reservoir inlet pipe 521, a reservoir level sensor 522, a reservoir drain valve 523, a reservoir pressure relief valve 524, a reservoir outlet pipe filter 525, a high pressure water outlet pump 526, a reservoir outlet pipe 527, a water flow meter 528, and an in-cylinder water injector 529.

The other end of the water collector outlet pipe 514 is connected with a water inlet pump 520, the water inlet pump 520 is connected with a water inlet pipe 521 of the water receiver, and the water inlet pipe 521 of the water receiver is communicated with a water tank of the water receiver 52; the water inlet pump 520 operates to transfer the condensed water in the water tank of the sump 51 to the water tank of the reservoir 52 for storage through the water outlet pipe 514 of the sump and the water inlet pipe 521 of the reservoir.

The water tank level sensor 522 is installed at the top of the water tank of the water reservoir 52 and is used for detecting the water tank level of the water reservoir 52 in real time, and when the water tank level is lower than a certain value for a long time, the water tank level will be fed back to the electronic control unit 60 and prompt a driver that distilled water needs to be added manually because the water tank of the water reservoir 52 is lack of the water tank. A tank discharge valve 523 is installed at the bottom of the tank of the reservoir 52 for discharging excess condensate, especially in low or extremely low environments such as winter, which results in the liquid level in the tank of the reservoir 52 exceeding the tank level sensor 522, and the electronic control unit 60 controls to open the tank discharge valve 523 to discharge part of the water in the tank of the reservoir 52. The water inlet pump 520, the water storage tank liquid level sensor 522 and the water storage tank water drain valve 523 are connected with the electronic control unit 60 through signal lines.

The storage tank pressure release valve 524 is installed on the top of the storage tank of the storage 52, and is used for detecting the pressure in the storage tank 522 in real time, and when the pressure reaches a certain value, the storage tank pressure release valve 524 is automatically opened to release the pressure in the storage tank of the storage 52.

The water storage tank outlet pipe filter 525 is installed on the inner bottom surface of the water storage tank 52, one end of the water storage tank outlet pipe 527 is connected with the water storage tank outlet pipe filter 525, the other end is connected with the high pressure water outlet pump 526, and the water flow meter 528 is respectively connected with the high pressure water outlet pump 526 and the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer 352 through the water storage tank outlet pipe 527. The water flow meter 528 is arranged at a proper distance from the high-pressure water outlet pump 526, so that the flow fluctuation of water in the high-pressure pipeline is reduced, the influence on the measurement of the flow meter is reduced, and the accuracy of measuring the water flow by the water flow meter 528 is improved. The in-cylinder water injector 529 is mounted on the cylinder head of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 and is connected to a reservoir outlet pipe 527 between the exhaust gas recirculation water injector 352 and the water flow meter 528 through a reservoir outlet pipe 527.

The water in the tank of the reservoir 52 is supplied to the in-cylinder water spray 529 through the tank outlet pipe filter 525, the outlet pipe 527 and the high pressure water pump 526. The water flow meter 528, the high-pressure water discharge pump 526, and the in-cylinder water injector 529 are connected to the electronic control unit 60 through signal lines.

The working process of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:

according to the operation condition of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, the electronic control unit 60 collects signals of the rotating speed sensor 10, the air inlet channel temperature sensor 23, the air inlet channel pressure sensor 24, the throttle valve 25, the exhaust channel temperature sensor 33 and the exhaust channel pressure sensor 34 in real time and judges that the engine is in a high-speed high-load working condition state; meanwhile, the electronic control unit 60 collects signals of the exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor 350, the hydrogen storage pressure sensor 41, the hydrogen flow meter 44, the knock sensor 47, the water collector inlet temperature sensor 510, the water collector liquid level sensor 511, the water storage tank liquid level sensor 522 and the water flow meter 528 in real time, controls the state information of the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 43, the electromagnetic valve switch 42, the in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer 45, the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer 352, the spark plug 46, the in-cylinder water sprayer 529, the exhaust gas recirculation electromagnetic valve 353, the high-pressure water outlet pump 526, the water inlet pump 520, the water storage tank drain valve 523 and the water collector drain valve 512 according to feedback signals of the sensors and the flow meters, judges whether the components normally operate or not,

the electronic control unit 60 controls the electromagnetic valve switch 42 and the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 43 of the hydrogen storage tank 40 to be opened, the electronic control unit 60 controls the spark plug 46 to ignite, and the ignition of the spark plug 46 is controlled in a closed loop mode according to a signal of the knock sensor 47; the electronic control unit 60 outputs appropriate in-cylinder direct injection hydrogen pressure according to built-in data and controls the ignition time of the spark plug 46, so that the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is in an optimal working state, namely knocking and combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 are eliminated, emission and generation of nitrogen oxides are reduced, and efficient clean combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is realized.

Specifically, fresh air enters from the air inlet 20, dust and impurities in the air are filtered by the air filter 21 and then enter the air inlet manifold 22, the electronic control unit 60 controls the opening degree of the throttle valve 25, and the throttle valve 25 controls the flow rate of the fresh air entering the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1; the hydrogen storage pressure sensor 41 monitors the pressure of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 40 in real time and transmits the pressure to the electronic control unit 60 in real time, so that the hydrogen storage amount in the hydrogen storage tank 40 is calculated, the hydrogen flow meter 44 controls the hydrogen flow entering the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, and the hydrogen flow is directly sprayed into the cylinder through the in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer 45, so that the quality of combustible mixed gas is ensured, and the load of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is controlled.

After the hydrogen internal combustion engine works, the temperature of high-temperature exhaust passes through the three-way catalyst 32, the muffler 30 absorbs high-temperature exhaust energy and reduces exhaust kinetic energy, and the exhaust rate and the exhaust temperature are reduced, so that the exhaust noise is reduced, and the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure are reduced in the muffler 30; the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer 352 controls whether the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer 352 sprays water or not according to the exhaust temperature and the specific working condition of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, and sprays water when the temperature in the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 is too high, so that the temperature in the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 and the air inlet temperature are reduced, and the air inlet density and the volumetric efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine are improved.

During the operation of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, the water in the water tank of the water collector 51 is periodically conveyed to the water storage tank 522 through the water collector outlet pipe filter 513, the water collector outlet pipe 514, the water inlet pump 520 and the water receiver inlet pipe 521, and the electronic control unit 60 can automatically determine the period according to the operation condition of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, so that the water in the water tank below the water collector 51 is periodically conveyed to the water storage tank 522. Storage water tank 522 capacity is great, can store the comdenstion water of great capacity, through adding water for the first time after, can realize that 1 long periods of hydrogen internal-combustion engine body exempt from to add water, reduces the complexity of system, discharges the vapor recycle device in the tail gas, has realized the vapor condensation, has collected and is used for the regulation and control of detonation combustion, is favorable to reducing hydrogen internal-combustion engine detonation control cost.

The water in the water tank of the water receiver 52 provides high-pressure water for the in-cylinder water sprayer 529 through the water outlet pipe filter 525, the water outlet pipe 527 and the high-pressure water outlet pump 526 of the water storage tank, and the electronic control unit 60 controls the water spraying time of the in-cylinder water sprayer 529 on the in-cylinder water of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, so that carbon deposition on the combustion chamber and the piston of the hydrogen internal combustion engine can be inhibited, water vapor and the carbon deposition can generate water gas reaction, and the surface area of the combustion chamber and the carbon deposition on the piston can be reduced.

The electronic control unit 60 controls the hydrogen and water spraying time, regulates and controls the combustion rate of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, eliminates in-cylinder explosion combustion, reduces in-cylinder combustion temperature, reduces nitrogen oxide and heat transfer loss, and improves the thermal efficiency and economy of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

It should be noted that the operation conditions of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 related to the working process of the embodiment of the present invention include a high-speed high-load condition, a medium-speed medium-load condition, and a low-speed low-load condition, and the electronic control unit 60 monitors and determines the operation conditions of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 according to the sensor information.

When the electronic control unit 60 monitors and judges that the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 operates at a high speed and a high load according to the sensor information, the knock sensor 47 monitors that the cylinder body vibration of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is intensified, namely, the knock phenomenon occurs; at this time, the electronic control unit 60 controls the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve 353 to open to introduce part of the exhaust gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, and due to the high exhaust gas temperature, the electronic control unit 60 controls the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer 352 to open to spray a certain amount of water into the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351, so that on one hand, the temperature in the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 is reduced, on the other hand, the liquid water absorbs heat to form water vapor, the water vapor is mixed with fresh air through the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer 352 to dilute the intake air amount, and the water vapor and the fresh air formed in the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 are sucked into the cylinder at the same time to reduce the activity of the mixed gas in the cylinder.

Under high-speed high load, the combustion temperature in the cylinder is higher, the electronic control unit 60 controls the in-cylinder water sprayer 529 to be opened before the in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer 45 is opened, namely when the air inlet valve of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is closed, the in-cylinder water sprayer 529 is opened, high-pressure water mist is sprayed in the cylinder, and the heat in the cylinder is further absorbed along with the upward movement of the piston of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, so that the temperature in the cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is reduced; the water vapor formed in the exhaust gas recirculation pipe 351 and the water vapor formed by spraying water in the cylinder form a water vapor film around the combustion chamber, so that the heat transfer loss of the combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is reduced; the carbon deposit formed by burning the engine oil in the combustion chamber can generate water gas reaction with the water vapor to form a trace amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which is beneficial to removing the carbon deposit on the surface of the combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 and further reduces the detonation combustion induced by spontaneous combustion due to hot spots.

Subsequently, the electronic control unit 60 controls the in-cylinder hydrogen injector 45 according to the built-in data, hydrogen is directly injected in the cylinder, the hydrogen diffusion is strong, and the hydrogen is rapidly mixed with fresh air and water vapor in the cylinder to form combustible mixed gas; due to the existence of water vapor, the activity of combustible mixed gas in the cylinder is reduced; the electronic control unit 60 controls the spark plug 46 to ignite according to the built-in data, and ignites the combustible mixture in the cylinder; because the activity of the mixed gas in the cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is reduced, the combustion rate of the mixed gas in the cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is reduced, so that the occurrence of detonation combustion is inhibited, the combustion temperature is reduced, the generation of nitrogen oxides is reduced, and the heat transfer loss is further reduced. The high-speed high-load hydrogen internal combustion engine detonation combustion and nitrogen oxide control based on the controllable activity of the mixed gas are realized, and the high-efficiency clean combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is realized.

When the electronic control unit 60 monitors and judges the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 to operate at a medium speed and a medium load working condition according to the sensor information, the knock sensor 47 monitors that the cylinder body of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 vibrates slightly, namely a slight knock phenomenon occurs; unlike the high speed, high load condition, the electronic control unit 60 now controls the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve 353 and exhaust gas recirculation sprinkler 352 to close.

Under the working condition of medium speed and medium load, the combustion temperature in the cylinder is moderate, the electronic control unit 60 only controls the in-cylinder water sprayer 529 to be opened before the in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer 45, namely when the air inlet valve of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is closed, the in-cylinder water sprayer 529 is opened, high-pressure water mist is sprayed in the cylinder, the heat in the cylinder is further absorbed along with the upward movement of the piston of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1, and the temperature in the cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is reduced; the water vapor formed by spraying water in the cylinder forms a water vapor film around the combustion chamber, so that the heat transfer loss of the combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is reduced; the carbon deposition formed by burning the engine oil in the combustion chamber can generate water gas reaction with the water vapor to form trace carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which is beneficial to removing the carbon deposition on the surface of the combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 and further reduces the detonation combustion induced by the spontaneous combustion of hot spots.

Subsequently, the electronic control unit 60 controls the in-cylinder hydrogen injector 45 according to the built-in data, hydrogen is directly injected in the cylinder, the hydrogen diffusion is strong, and the hydrogen is rapidly mixed with fresh air and water vapor in the cylinder to form combustible mixed gas; due to the existence of water vapor, the activity of combustible mixed gas in the cylinder is reduced; the electronic control unit 60 will control the spark plug 46 to ignite according to the built-in data, igniting the combustible mixture in the cylinder; because the activity of the mixed gas in the cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is reduced, the combustion rate of the mixed gas in the cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is reduced, so that the occurrence of detonation combustion is inhibited, the combustion temperature is reduced, the generation of nitrogen oxides is reduced, and the heat transfer loss is further reduced. Therefore, the detonation combustion and the nitrogen oxide control of the hydrogen internal combustion engine with controllable medium-speed and medium-load based on the activity of the mixed gas are realized, and the efficient clean combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is realized.

When the electronic control unit 60 monitors and judges the low-speed and low-load working condition of the operation of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 according to the sensor information, the knock sensor 47 monitors that the cylinder body of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 vibrates normally, namely, the phenomenon of no knocking occurs; at this time, the electronic control unit 60 controls the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve 353, the exhaust gas recirculation water injector 352, and the in-cylinder water injector 529 to be closed.

Under the working condition of low speed and low load, the combustion temperature in the cylinder is lower, the electronic control unit 60 controls the hydrogen injector 45 in the cylinder according to the built-in data, the hydrogen is directly injected in the cylinder, the hydrogen has strong diffusivity, and the hydrogen is rapidly mixed with fresh air in the cylinder to form combustible mixed gas; the electronic control unit 60 controls the ignition plug 46 to ignite according to the built-in data, and ignites the in-cylinder combustible mixture.

Because the combustion rate of the hydrogen is high, the combustion rate under the low-speed low-load working condition can be effectively accelerated, the combustion stability of the low-speed low-load hydrogen internal combustion engine body 1 is improved, the external output power is improved, the stability of the output torque is improved, and the combustion stability of the low-speed low-load hydrogen internal combustion engine is realized.

In the present invention, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like are used in a broad sense, for example, "connecting" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The shapes of the various elements in the drawings are schematic and do not exclude certain differences from the true shapes, and the drawings are intended only to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and may include various modifications, adaptations, and equivalents thereof, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen internal combustion engine control device based on mixture activity is controllable, characterized by comprising an exhaust system (3), a fuel supply ignition system (4), a water heat management system (5) and an electric control system (6), and characterized in that:

the exhaust system (3) comprises an exhaust gas circulation system (35), and the exhaust gas circulation system (35) is arranged between an air inlet and an air outlet system of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and is used for introducing exhaust gas after partial combustion of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and diluting fresh inlet air;

the exhaust gas recirculation system (35) comprises an exhaust gas recirculation pipe (351) and an exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer (352), the exhaust gas recirculation pipe (351) is connected with an intake and exhaust manifold, and the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer (352) is fixedly installed on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe (351) and used for reducing the temperature in the exhaust gas recirculation pipe (351) and the temperature of intake air;

the fuel supply ignition system (4) comprises an in-cylinder hydrogen injector (45), and the in-cylinder hydrogen injector (45) is arranged on a cylinder cover of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and used for directly injecting hydrogen into a cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine;

the hydrothermal management system (5) comprises a water collector (51) and a water storage device (52), wherein the water collector (51) is used for recovering water vapor in the exhaust gas discharged by the hydrogen internal combustion engine; the water reservoir (52) comprises an in-cylinder water injector (529), the in-cylinder water injector (529) is installed on a cylinder cover of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and is used for directly injecting condensed water into the cylinder of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and the water reservoir (52) is used for storing water vapor in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine recovered by the water collector (51) and conveying the condensed water to the exhaust gas recirculation water injector (352) and the in-cylinder water injector (529);

the electric control system (6) is used for controlling the time of hydrogen injection and water injection in the cylinder and regulating and controlling the combustion rate of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

2. The control device of the hydrogen internal combustion engine controllable based on the mixture gas activity according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a hydrogen internal combustion engine body (1);

the hydrogen internal combustion engine body (1) comprises an engine body group, a piston connecting rod mechanism, a valve mechanism, a rotating speed sensor (10) and the like.

3. The control device of the hydrogen internal combustion engine controllable based on the mixture gas activity according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising an air intake system (2);

the air intake system (2) comprises an air inlet (20), an air filter (21), an air intake manifold (22), an air intake passage temperature sensor (23), an air intake passage pressure sensor (24) and a throttle valve (25);

the air inlet manifold (22) is installed on the hydrogen internal combustion engine body (1), the air inlet (20) is installed on the air filter (21), the air inlet channel temperature sensor (23) and the air inlet channel pressure sensor (24) are installed on the air inlet manifold (22), the air inlet channel temperature sensor (23) and the air inlet channel pressure sensor (24) are used for monitoring the air inlet pressure and the air inlet temperature of the hydrogen internal combustion engine body (1) in real time, and the throttle valve (25) is installed on the air inlet manifold (22);

throttle valve (25), intake duct temperature sensor (23) and intake duct pressure sensor (24) with electrical system (6) are connected.

4. The control device of the internal combustion engine with controllable activity based on mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust system (3) further comprises a muffler (30), an exhaust passage (31), a three-way catalyst (32), an exhaust passage temperature sensor (33), and an exhaust passage pressure sensor (34);

the exhaust passage (31) is connected with the hydrogen internal combustion engine body (1), and the exhaust passage temperature sensor (33) and the exhaust passage pressure sensor (34) are installed on the exhaust passage (31);

the three-way catalyst (32) and the muffler (30) are sequentially arranged on the exhaust passage (31) according to the exhaust flow direction;

the exhaust passage temperature sensor (33) and the exhaust passage pressure sensor (34) are connected with the electric control system (6).

5. The control device of the hydrogen internal combustion engine controllable based on the mixture gas activity according to claim 3, characterized in that the exhaust gas recirculation system (35) further includes an exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor (350) and an exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve (353);

the exhaust gas recirculation pipe (351) connecting the intake manifold (22) and the exhaust passage (31), the exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor (350) being mounted on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe (351) near the intake manifold (22);

the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve (353) is mounted on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe (351), and the exhaust gas recirculation water injector (352) is mounted on the exhaust gas recirculation pipe (351) between the exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor (350) and the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve (353);

the exhaust gas recirculation temperature sensor (350), the exhaust gas recirculation water injector (352) and the exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve (353) are connected to an electronic control system (6).

6. The control device of the hydrogen internal combustion engine controllable based on the mixture gas activity according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel supply ignition system (4) further comprises a hydrogen storage tank (40), a hydrogen storage pressure sensor (41), a solenoid valve switch (42), a pressure regulating solenoid valve (43), and a hydrogen flow meter (44);

the hydrogen storage pressure sensor (41) is arranged on a high-pressure pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank (40), the electromagnetic valve switch (42), the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (43) and the hydrogen flowmeter (44) are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank (40) according to the direction of hydrogen entering an internal combustion engine, and the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (43) is arranged between the electromagnetic valve switch (42) and the hydrogen flowmeter (44);

the hydrogen storage pressure sensor (41), the electromagnetic valve switch (42), the pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (43), the hydrogen flow meter (44) and the in-cylinder hydrogen sprayer (45) are connected with an electric control system (6).

7. The control device of a hydrogen internal combustion engine with controllable based on mixture activity according to claim 4, characterized in that the water collector (51) comprises a water collector inlet temperature sensor (510), a water collector liquid level sensor (511), a water collector water outlet valve (512), a water collector water outlet pipe filter (513), a water collector water outlet pipe (514), a water collector air outlet (515), a water collector air inlet (516), a water collector cooling fin (517), a water collector hole (518) and a water collector cooling fin empty slot (519);

the main body of the water collector (51) consists of an annular cylindrical structure and water collector cooling fins (517), the water collector cooling fins (517) are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the annular cylindrical structure and penetrate through the side wall of the annular cylindrical structure, gaps between adjacent water collector cooling fins (517) are used for exhaust to pass through, one end of the annular cylindrical structure is a water collector exhaust port (515), and the other end of the annular cylindrical structure is a water collector air inlet (516);

the water collector inlet (516) is connected with the silencer (30) through the exhaust passage (31), and the water collector inlet temperature sensor (510) is installed between the silencer (30) and the water collector inlet (516);

each water collector radiating fin (517) is provided with a water collector radiating fin empty slot (519), the bottom of an annular cylindrical structure of a main body of the water collector (51) is provided with a plurality of water collector holes (518), the bottom of each water collector hole (518) is provided with a water tank of the water collector (51), and the outer side of the air outlet (515) of the water collector is connected with the air exhaust channel (31);

the water collector inlet temperature sensor (510) is arranged on the side wall of the water tank of the water collector (51), and the water collector drain valve (512) is arranged on the bottom surface of the water tank of the water collector (51);

the water collector inlet temperature sensor (510), the water collector liquid level sensor (511) and the water collector drain valve (512) are connected with the electric control system (6);

the water collector outlet pipe filter (513) is installed on the inner bottom surface of the water tank of the water collector (51), one end of the water collector outlet pipe (514) is connected with the water collector outlet pipe filter (513), and the other end of the water collector outlet pipe filter is connected with the water storage device (52) and used for conveying water in the water tank below the water collector (51) to the water storage device (52).

8. The control device of the hydrogen internal combustion engine controllable based on the mixed gas activity as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the water reservoir (52) comprises a water inlet pump (520), a water reservoir inlet pipe (521), a water reservoir liquid level sensor (522), a water reservoir drain valve (523), a water reservoir pressure release valve (524), a water reservoir outlet pipe filter (525), a high pressure outlet pump (526), a water reservoir outlet pipe (527) and a water flow meter (528);

the other end of the water collector water outlet pipe (514) is connected with the water inlet pump (520), the water inlet pump (520) is connected with the water storage device water inlet pipe (521), and the water storage device water inlet pipe (521) is communicated with a water tank of the water storage device (52);

the water storage tank liquid level sensor (522) is arranged at the top of the water storage tank (52), and the water storage tank drain valve (523) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank (52);

the water inlet pump (520), the water storage tank liquid level sensor (522) and the water storage tank drain valve (523) are connected with the electric control system (6);

the water storage tank pressure release valve (524) is installed at the top of the water tank of the water storage device (52), the water storage tank outlet pipe filter (525) is installed at the inner bottom surface of the water tank of the water storage device (52), one end of the water storage device outlet pipe (527) is connected with the water storage tank outlet pipe filter (525), and the other end of the water storage device outlet pipe is connected with the high-pressure water outlet pump (526);

the water flow meter (528) is connected with the high pressure water pump (526) and the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer (352) through the water reservoir outlet pipe (527), and the in-cylinder water sprayer (529) is connected with the water reservoir outlet pipe (527) between the exhaust gas recirculation water sprayer (352) and the water flow meter (528) through the water reservoir outlet pipe (527);

the water flow meter (528), the high pressure water pump (526) and the in-cylinder water injector (529) are connected to the electronic control system (6).

9. The control device of the mixture activity based controllable hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the fuel supply ignition system (4) further includes a spark plug (46) and a knock sensor (47);

the spark plug (46) and the knock sensor (47) are both mounted on a cylinder body of a hydrogen internal combustion engine body (1).

10. The mixture-activity-based controllable hydrogen internal combustion engine control device according to claim 1, the electronic control system (6) including an electronic control unit (60);

the electronic control unit (60) is used for receiving signals input by various sensors or other devices and sending instructions for signal storage, analysis and calculation.