CN115418509A - Preparation method of large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy - Google Patents

Preparation method of large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115418509A
CN115418509A CN202210884166.9A CN202210884166A CN115418509A CN 115418509 A CN115418509 A CN 115418509A CN 202210884166 A CN202210884166 A CN 202210884166A CN 115418509 A CN115418509 A CN 115418509A
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lithium alloy
aluminum
size
spray
strength
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马芳
张捷
张豪
马万太
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Jiangsu Haoran Spray Forming Alloy Co ltd
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Jiangsu Haoran Spray Forming Alloy Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/16Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing materials according to the alloy mass percentage requirement, wherein Al99.95 high-purity aluminum ingots are preferentially used as aluminum ingots; s2, performing high-temperature smelting on the prepared metal materials and the like in a primary smelting furnace, and adopting vacuum standing degassing and argon degassing processes; s3, atomizing the liquid metal in the tundish in an inert atmosphere to form a particle jet flow, adjusting the technical process parameters of 4-nozzle full-automatic spray forming equipment, and solidifying to form a large-size high-strength high-toughness low-density aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank material; s4, naturally cooling the large-size aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank formed by spraying to 200 ℃, eliminating residual stress, taking out and cooling in air; the invention adopts the spray forming technology to prepare the large-size aluminum-lithium alloy material, adopts certain hot working deformation, and applies the large-size aluminum-lithium alloy material to the large-size aluminum-lithium alloy cabin section, thereby not only obtaining the performance indexes of high strength and high toughness, but also realizing the national requirement on lightweight materials.

Description

Preparation method of large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal aluminum alloys, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum lithium alloy.
Background
The cabin section is an important component of space vehicles such as missiles, rockets, airships, space stations, moon and deep space exploration, and is used for loading parts such as a warhead, a propellant, an engine and various instruments and equipment and bearing and transmitting various loads. With the improvement of the carrying capacity of the aerospace craft, the longer flight distance and the increase of the specification of the cabin section, the cabin section faces a difficult weight reduction task. In the section material, the development of the aluminum lithium alloy with higher strength, higher modulus and lower density is carried out from the conventional aluminum alloy such as 2A14, 2219 and the like.
The aluminum-lithium alloy is a light high-performance aluminum alloy material which has important significance for light weight of aerospace equipment. Compared with the traditional aluminum alloy for aerospace, the aluminum-lithium alloy can lead the comprehensive weight reduction of the component to reach 8-15 percent, and is classified as an alloy material which is urgently needed by the nation, has great significance, replaces imported aerospace key strategic materials and imported neck materials, and is highly concerned, emphatically supported and urgently needed by aerospace design units. Researches on key technologies for preparing large-size high-strength and high-toughness aluminum-lithium alloy materials and large-size integral cabin ring pieces of aerospace craft are developed, and the method has an important promoting effect on the development of the aerospace craft in heavy load and long distance directions.
In order to meet the requirements of heavy load and deep space exploration tasks of a spacecraft, the structure of the spacecraft faces a difficult weight reduction task. Except for selecting materials with lower density, the continuous streamline reinforcing rib integral cabin section structure is one of important implementation ways for realizing structure weight reduction of the spacecraft cabin structure. However, the size of the blank produced in domestic industrialized stable production is limited and the foreign technology is blocked, so that the sealed cabin structure mostly adopts the manufacturing means of processing a single wall plate plane, bending and welding into a revolving body. The reinforcing ribs need to be removed in the welding area of the welding tool, so that a welding tool pressing area is provided. This means that the entire cabin performance is subject to weak areas and therefore needs to be locally reinforced, leading to additional weight and cost. If a large-scale integral revolving body blank is adopted, the manufacture of the main structure of the light cabin body can be realized only by removing redundant materials through machining. The structure weight can be greatly reduced, and the bearing capacity is improved. With the longer flying distance of the spacecraft, more loads and stronger bearing capacity, the cabin structure of the large-scale integral spacecraft is a future development trend.
Therefore, a preparation method of the large-specification injection-molded high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy is urgently needed, so that the cabin section is prevented from cracking during punching, the performance requirements of novel aerospace equipment on injection-molded aluminum-lithium alloy materials are met, and the problems of preparation of the large-specification cabin section, forging cracking of the cabin section and weight reduction of the structure are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, realize the national requirement on lightweight materials and solve the problems of preparation of large-size aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blanks and large-size raw materials for cabin section components.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials according to the alloy mass percentage requirement, wherein Al99.95 high-purity aluminum ingots are preferentially used as the aluminum ingots;
s2, carrying out high-temperature smelting on the prepared metal materials and the like in a primary smelting furnace at the smelting temperature of 710-780 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, adding high-purity lithium ingots in a vacuum furnace to provide the quality of the aluminum-lithium alloy, adding a certain amount of slag removing agent into the inert gas which is high-purity argon, removing slag from liquid metal, degassing and refining, and adopting vacuum standing degassing and argon degassing processes;
s3, atomizing the liquid metal in the tundish in an inert atmosphere (argon) to form a particle jet flow, adjusting the technical process parameters of 4-nozzle full-automatic spray forming equipment, controlling the size of a large-specification spray ingot blank and the flow rate of the particle jet flow through infrared induction, depositing the particle jet flow on a matrix at a high speed, and solidifying to form a large-specification high-strength high-toughness low-density aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank material (carrying out air, oxygen and other treatment in the whole process);
and S4, naturally cooling the large-size aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank formed by spraying to 200 ℃, eliminating residual stress, and taking out for air cooling.
Wherein the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy comprises the following main alloys: cu, li, mg, mn, zr, ag, zn, ti, and AL.
The Al-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr-Ag aluminum-lithium alloy round ingot is prepared by carrying out spray forming on the main alloy elements according to the proportion of Cu (4.1-4.15%), li (1.15-1.2%), mg (0.5-0.55%), zr (0.12-0.13%), ag (0.3-0.35%) and Al (the balance).
Wherein, the impurity contents of Fe and Si elements in the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy are strictly controlled, and the solid H content is strictly controlled, wherein the solid H content is less than or equal to 0.15cm3/100g.
Wherein the large-specification spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy is prepared by large-specification spray-formed AL-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr-Ag series aluminum-lithium alloy round ingots with the diameter of 820 mm.
Wherein the process parameters in the step S3 are as follows: the oblique spray angle is 10-30 degrees, the receiving distance is 800mm, the rotating speed of a receiving disc is 40-60r/min, the descending speed is 2-4mm/s, the atomization temperature is 740-830 ℃, and the atomization pressure is 0.8MPa.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
the invention aims to provide a preparation method for a large-specification injection-molded high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank for an aerospace cabin section, which adopts an injection molding technology to prepare a large-specification aluminum-lithium alloy material, adopts certain hot working deformation, and is used for the large-specification aluminum-lithium alloy cabin section, so that not only can high-strength and high-toughness performance indexes be obtained, but also the national requirement on lightweight materials is realized, and the problems of preparation of the large-specification aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank and large-specification raw materials for cabin section components are solved;
the large-size aluminum-lithium alloy material prepared by the preparation method has uniform chemical components, and the component macrosegregation of a non-casting process is furthest realized; the H content can be effectively controlled; the whole process is protected by Ar, so that oxide inclusion is avoided; spray forming, uniform and quick cooling, and fine and uniform ingot blank tissues; the whole production process does not need water cooling and contact with water, so that the problem of casting leakage flow is avoided, and risks such as combustion and explosion are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of large-size spray-formed high-strength Al-Li alloy according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating an orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of a large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials according to the alloy mass percentage requirement, wherein Al99.95 high-purity aluminum ingots are preferentially used as aluminum ingots;
s2, carrying out high-temperature smelting on the prepared metal materials and the like in a primary smelting furnace at the smelting temperature of 710-780 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, adding high-purity lithium ingots in a vacuum furnace to provide the quality of the aluminum-lithium alloy, adding a certain amount of slag removing agent into the inert gas which is high-purity argon, removing slag from liquid metal, degassing and refining, and adopting vacuum standing degassing and argon degassing processes;
s3, atomizing the liquid metal in the tundish in an inert atmosphere (argon) to form a particle jet flow, adjusting the technical process parameters of 4-nozzle full-automatic spray forming equipment (an inclined spray angle is 10-30 degrees, a receiving distance is 800mm, the rotating speed of a receiving disc is 40-60r/min, the descending speed is 2-4mm/S, the atomizing temperature is 740-830 ℃, and the atomizing pressure is 0.8 MPa), controlling the size of a large-specification spray ingot blank and the flow of the particle jet flow through infrared induction, enabling the particle jet flow to be deposited on a matrix at a high speed, and solidifying to form a large-specification high-strength high-toughness low-density aluminum lithium alloy ingot blank material (air, oxygen and other treatment are isolated in the whole process);
and S4, naturally cooling the large-size aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank formed by spraying to 200 ℃, eliminating residual stress, and taking out for air cooling.
Specifically, the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum lithium alloy comprises the following main alloys: cu, li, mg, mn, zr, ag, zn, ti, and AL.
Specifically, the Al-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr-Ag aluminum-lithium alloy round ingot is prepared by carrying out spray forming on the main alloy elements according to the proportion of Cu (4.1-4.15%), li (1.15-1.2%), mg (0.5-0.55%), zr (0.12-0.13%), ag (0.3-0.35%) and Al (the balance).
Specifically, the impurity contents of Fe and Si elements in the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum lithium alloy are strictly controlled, and the solid H content is strictly controlled, wherein the solid H content is less than or equal to 0.15cm3/100g.
The preparation method of the large-size spray-formed AL-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr-Ag aluminum lithium alloy round ingot with the diameter of 820mm can meet the requirement of the national heavy equipment on large-size raw materials.
In the preparation scheme of the invention, the number of the nozzles is increased from 2 to 4, and the production efficiency of the ingot blank is improved to 1 time; the injection parameters of the ingot blank with the diameter of 800mm are as follows: the pressure of the atomizing gas is 1-1.5MPa, the jet angle of the gas flow is 7-10 degrees, the pressure of the atomizing gas with the diameter of 600mm is 0.5-1.0MPa, and the jet angle of the gas is 5-7 degrees.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of a large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing materials according to the alloy mass percentage requirement, wherein Al99.95 high-purity aluminum ingots are preferentially used as the aluminum ingots;
s2, carrying out high-temperature smelting on the prepared metal materials and the like in a primary smelting furnace at the smelting temperature of 710-780 ℃ under the protection of inert gas, adding high-purity lithium ingots in a vacuum furnace to provide the quality of the aluminum-lithium alloy, adding a certain amount of slag removing agent into the inert gas which is high-purity argon, removing slag from liquid metal, degassing and refining, and adopting vacuum standing degassing and argon degassing processes;
s3, atomizing the liquid metal in the tundish in an inert atmosphere (argon) to form a particle jet flow, adjusting the technical process parameters of 4-nozzle full-automatic spray forming equipment, controlling the size of a large-specification spray ingot blank and the flow of the particle jet flow through infrared induction, depositing the particle jet flow on a matrix at a high speed, and solidifying to form a large-specification high-strength high-toughness low-density aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank material;
and S4, naturally cooling the large-size aluminum-lithium alloy ingot blank formed by spraying to 200 ℃, eliminating residual stress, taking out and air-cooling.
2. The method for preparing the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum lithium alloy comprises the following main alloys: cu, li, mg, mn, zr, ag, zn, ti, and AL.
3. The method for preparing a large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the main alloy elements are mixed according to the proportion of Cu (4.1-4.15%), li (1.15-1.2%), mg (0.5-0.55%), zr (0.12-0.13%), ag (0.3-0.35%) and Al (the rest) to prepare Al-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr-Ag series aluminum-lithium alloy round ingots by spray forming.
4. The method for preparing the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the large-specification spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy, the impurity contents of Fe and Si are strictly controlled, and the solid H content is strictly controlled, wherein the solid H content is less than or equal to 0.15cm3/100g.
5. The method for preparing a large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy is prepared from a large-size spray-formed AL-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr-Ag aluminum-lithium alloy round ingot with the diameter of 820 mm.
6. The method for preparing the large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the process parameters in the step S3 are as follows: the oblique spray angle is 10-30 degrees, the receiving distance is 800mm, the rotating speed of a receiving disc is 40-60r/min, the descending speed is 2-4mm/s, the atomization temperature is 740-830 ℃, and the atomization pressure is 0.8MPa.
CN202210884166.9A 2022-07-26 2022-07-26 Preparation method of large-size spray-formed high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy Pending CN115418509A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991014011A1 (en) * 1990-03-09 1991-09-19 Alcan International Limited Spray cast aluminium-lithium alloys
US20050081965A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-04-21 Rinze Benedictus High-damage tolerant alloy product in particular for aerospace applications
CN105345004A (en) * 2015-10-15 2016-02-24 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Method for manufacturing three-dimensional large-size aluminum-lithium alloy round ingot through spray forming
CN106702237A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-24 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Spray forming method for aluminum-lithium alloy
CN110722162A (en) * 2019-09-23 2020-01-24 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Preparation method of 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank by spray forming
CN113416872A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-09-21 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 High-strength high-toughness aluminum lithium alloy for aerospace and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991014011A1 (en) * 1990-03-09 1991-09-19 Alcan International Limited Spray cast aluminium-lithium alloys
US20050081965A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-04-21 Rinze Benedictus High-damage tolerant alloy product in particular for aerospace applications
CN105345004A (en) * 2015-10-15 2016-02-24 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Method for manufacturing three-dimensional large-size aluminum-lithium alloy round ingot through spray forming
CN106702237A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-24 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Spray forming method for aluminum-lithium alloy
CN110722162A (en) * 2019-09-23 2020-01-24 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Preparation method of 1420 aluminum lithium alloy hollow ingot blank by spray forming
CN113416872A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-09-21 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 High-strength high-toughness aluminum lithium alloy for aerospace and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20221202