CN115416302A - Device and method for detecting printing light spots in real time - Google Patents

Device and method for detecting printing light spots in real time Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115416302A
CN115416302A CN202211129652.6A CN202211129652A CN115416302A CN 115416302 A CN115416302 A CN 115416302A CN 202211129652 A CN202211129652 A CN 202211129652A CN 115416302 A CN115416302 A CN 115416302A
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China
Prior art keywords
light
light spot
printing
image
real time
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Pending
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CN202211129652.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李兵涛
李明之
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Amsky Technology Co ltd
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Amsky Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211129652.6A priority Critical patent/CN115416302A/en
Publication of CN115416302A publication Critical patent/CN115416302A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264Arrangements for irradiation
    • B29C64/268Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/0816Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
    • G02B26/0833Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/10Scanning systems

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting a printing light spot in real time, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing. According to the invention, the 3D printing light path and the image collecting light path are coaxial through the medium reflector, the 3D printing light path is used for collecting the light spot image, the image collecting module does not need an independent light path, and the image collecting light path of the light spot and the 3D printing light path are the same path, so that the light spot image moving at a high speed can be observed in real time through the light spot light beam reflected from the printing working surface. In addition, the long-focus lens with the capability of identifying the light spot with the diameter of 100 mu m is adopted, so that the light beam of the light spot can be effectively captured. The concave-convex mirror assembly is used as an imaging and amplifying device to amplify the captured light spot light beam and then image the light spot light beam in the CMOS image sensor, so that the light spot image is amplified, and the size state of the light spot can be analyzed with higher precision and judged whether the light spot is abnormal or not based on the amplified light spot image.

Description

Device and method for detecting printing light spots in real time
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a device and a method for detecting printing light spots in real time.
Background
Laser 3D prints, namely uses a laser to carry out pattern scanning and a printing mode of printing on the printing working face layer by layer after shaking mirror speculum reflection. The laser printing light spots are printed randomly on the whole printing working face, if the laser light spots in the whole printing frame are to be observed, a wide-angle lens must be arranged on a camera for observation, the observation range of the wide-angle lens is wide, but the resolution precision of the small light spots is poor. For example, in the case of a 500 × 500mm printing frame, if a 2000W pixel camera is used, and the number of pixels is 4000 × 5000, a single pixel can only resolve 0.125m, but the laser spot in actual printing is usually about 100 μm, which is not enough for one pixel size of the wide-angle lens, and therefore, the size state of the spot cannot be clearly recognized by the resolution.
If a telephoto lens is provided, a problem occurs in that the imaging coverage is too small. For example, also using a 2000W camera, if a telephoto lens is provided, and the observation range of the lens is 5 × 5mm, for example, the size resolvable by a single pixel is 1.25 μm, and then the resolution can be satisfied by resolving a spot with a diameter of 100 μm, but 10000 cameras are needed to cover a 500 × 500mm printing format, and it is obviously not practical to configure such a number of cameras.
In addition, in the 3D printing process, the printing light spot moves at a high speed along with the galvanometer mirror, and if the image collecting light path of the camera for collecting the light spot image is not the same as the 3D printing light path, it is difficult to collect the light spot image moving at a high speed in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting a printing light spot in real time, aiming at realizing the real-time detection of a 3D printing light spot and ensuring the detection precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a device of real-time detection printing facula, includes the coaxial device of light path and image acquisition module, the coaxial device of light path is used for making 3D print the light path coaxial with the image acquisition light path, the image acquisition module is used for catching in real time and follows the facula light beam that 3D printed the light path reflection and enlargeing the back formation of image.
Preferably, the optical path coaxial device is a dielectric reflector, the spot light beam reflected from the laser printing working surface is reflected by the galvanometer reflector and then transmitted by the dielectric reflector, and the transmitted light beam is captured by the image acquisition module, amplified and imaged.
Preferably, the image acquisition device includes an attenuation sheet for attenuating energy of the captured spot beam.
Preferably, the attenuation sheet is the optical path coaxial device.
Preferably, the attenuation sheet is a dielectric reflector as the optical path coaxial device.
Preferably, the device in the image acquisition module for capturing the light spot beam is a telephoto lens.
Preferably, the telephoto lens includes a concave-convex lens assembly, the concave-convex lens assembly includes a convex lens and a concave lens, the captured light spot light beam enters the convex lens for focusing and then enters the concave lens, and finally the light spot light beam which is emitted from the concave lens and has been diameter-enlarged is imaged in an image sensor.
Preferably, the image sensor for imaging is a CMOS image sensor.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the printing light spot in real time, which is realized by the device for detecting the printing light spot in real time and comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a light path coaxial device between a galvanometer reflector of 3D printing equipment and an image acquisition module;
and S2, driving the galvanometer reflector to move so as to change the printing position of the light spot, reflecting the light spot beam formed on the laser printing working surface along a 3D printing light path and transmitting the light spot beam through the medium reflector, and then capturing and amplifying the transmitted light beam by the image acquisition module to form an image.
Preferably, the optical path coaxial device is a dielectric reflector.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. make 3D print the light path coaxial with the image acquisition light path through the coaxial device of light path (medium reflector), use 3D to print the light path and gather the facula image, image acquisition module does not need independent light path, because the image acquisition light path to the facula is the same way with 3D prints the light path, through the facula light beam of following the reflection on the print job face, can observe the facula image of high-speed motion in real time.
2. The long-focus lens with the capability of identifying the light spot with the diameter of 100 mu m is adopted, so that the light spot beam can be effectively captured.
3. The concave-convex mirror assembly is used as an imaging and amplifying device to amplify the captured light spot light beam and then image the light spot light beam in the CMOS image sensor, so that the light spot image is amplified, and the size state of the light spot can be analyzed with higher precision and judged whether the light spot is abnormal or not based on the amplified light spot image.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a path of a laser beam incident to a laser printing working surface through a 3D printing optical path formed by a device for detecting a printing light spot in real time provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the path of a spot beam reflected along a 3D printing optical path to an image acquisition module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a path of a light spot beam with a position change caused by the movement of a galvanometer mirror along a 3D printing light path to an image acquisition module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an image acquisition module used in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating implementation steps of a method for detecting a printing light spot in real time according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, the same is shown by way of illustration only and not in the form of limitation; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not indicated or implied that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and the specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" or the like, if appearing to indicate a connection relationship between the components, is to be understood broadly, for example, as being fixed or detachable or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through one or more other components or may be in an interactive relationship with one another. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The device for detecting the printing light spot in real time provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a light path coaxial device 1 (preferably a medium reflector) and an image acquisition module 2, wherein the light path coaxial device is used for enabling a 3D printing light path and an image acquisition light path to be coaxial, and the image acquisition module 2 is used for capturing the printing light spot light beam reflected along the 3D printing light path in real time, amplifying and imaging.
The following describes how the optical path coaxial device is used to make the 3D printing optical path and the image collecting optical path coaxial:
as shown in fig. 1, the incident laser is reflected by the dielectric reflector 1 and then enters the galvanometer reflector 3, and is reflected by the galvanometer reflector 3 for a second time and then enters the laser printing working surface to form a printing spot. In the printing process, the galvanometer reflector 3 is driven by driving components such as a voice coil motor and the like to move back and forth at a high speed so as to change the focusing position of the light spot (comparing with fig. 3 and fig. 1, the position of the light spot is changed in the movement process of the galvanometer reflector), and 3D printing is carried out on different positions on the laser printing working surface. The facula light beam that forms on laser printing working face returns along 3D printing light path original route (light path reversible principle), and the return path is: the facula light beam reflected from the working surface firstly enters the galvanometer reflector 3, is reflected by the galvanometer reflector 3 and then enters the medium reflector 1, so that the 3D printing light path and the image acquisition light path are coaxial. The dielectric reflector 1 generally has a light transmittance of about 0.1%, and about 0.1% of the light spot light beam reflected from the working surface is transmitted from the dielectric reflector 1 and is finally captured by the image acquisition module and amplified for imaging.
It should be emphasized here that the dielectric mirror 1 has three functions as an optical path coaxial device: 1. the reflectivity of the medium reflector 1 is usually higher than 99.8%, after the incident laser is reflected by the medium reflector 1, the energy higher than 99.8% is reflected to the vibrating mirror reflector 3, and after the secondary reflection of the vibrating mirror reflector 3, a printing light spot is formed on the laser printing working surface. The addition of a dielectric mirror results in negligible loss of laser energy. 2. The transmissivity of the dielectric reflector of about 0.1% is enough to be imaged by the image acquisition module. Since the laser energy is very high, 0.1% of the laser energy is already sufficient for imaging by the image acquisition module. In practical applications, 0.1% of the laser energy is too high for the image acquisition module, and even energy attenuation needs to be performed on the transmitted spot beam. 3. The medium reflector 1 is used as an attenuation sheet of the image acquisition module and plays a role in attenuating energy of the captured light spot light beam.
As described in the background, the telephoto lens has the capability of recognizing a spot with a diameter of 100 μm, and therefore the image capturing module employed in the present embodiment preferably employs the telephoto lens to capture a spot beam reflected from the laser printing work surface. The telephoto lens includes a concave-convex lens assembly which can realize a longer optical focal length under the condition of limited lens length so as to meet the requirement of spot image amplification. As shown in fig. 4, the concave-convex lens assembly includes a convex lens 21 and a concave lens 22, the captured spot light beam enters the convex lens for focusing and then enters the concave lens, and the diameter-enlarged spot light beam finally emitted from the concave lens is imaged in an image sensor 23. Taking the magnification as 5 times as an example, the diameter size of a conventional printing light spot is 100 μm, after the size of the concave-convex lens assembly is amplified, the imaging size of the light spot at the position of the camera is 500 μm, the size of a pixel unit of the camera is 2 μm, and the diameter of an image is 250 pixels.
In addition, since the image acquisition module needs to capture the light spot beam reflected by the galvanometer mirror moving at a high speed, the performance requirement on the image sensor for imaging is high. In order to ensure that the speckle images can be refreshed in real time, in this embodiment, the image sensor is preferably a high-speed camera, that is, a photosensitive element adopts a device with low pixels and high frame rate, such as a CMOS image sensor 23 with 30W pixels and a frame rate of 5000 as shown in fig. 4, the CMOS image sensor can meet the resolution requirement for speckle identification, and the frame rate can realize 5000 times of speckle images per second recording. When the spot size is abnormal, the abnormality can be identified through the first time (within 0.2 ms) of the spot image.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the printing light spot in real time, which is realized by the device for detecting the printing light spot in real time, and as shown in fig. 5, the method for detecting the printing light spot in real time comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a light path coaxial device between a galvanometer reflector of 3D printing equipment and an image acquisition module;
and S2, driving the galvanometer reflector to move so as to change the printing position of the light spot, reflecting the light spot beam formed on the laser printing working surface along the 3D printing light path and transmitting the light spot beam through the medium reflector, and capturing and amplifying the transmitted light beam by the image acquisition module to form an image.
In conclusion, the 3D printing light path and the image collecting light path are coaxial through the medium reflecting mirror, the 3D printing light path is used for collecting the light spot image, the image collecting module does not need an independent light path, and the image collecting light path of the light spot and the 3D printing light path are the same path, so that the light spot image moving at a high speed can be observed in real time through the light spot light beam reflected from the printing working surface. In addition, the long-focus lens with the capability of identifying the light spot with the diameter of 100 mu m is adopted, so that the light beam of the light spot can be effectively captured. The concave-convex mirror assembly is used as an imaging and amplifying device to amplify the captured light spot light beam and then image the light spot light beam in the CMOS image sensor, so that the light spot image is amplified, and the size state of the light spot can be analyzed with higher precision and judged whether the light spot is abnormal or not based on the amplified light spot image.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and the technical principles applied thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, equivalents, changes, and the like can be made to the present invention. However, such variations are within the scope of the invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the invention. In addition, certain terms used in the specification and claims of the present application are not limiting, but are used merely for convenience of description.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a device of spot is printed in real-time detection, its characterized in that includes the coaxial device of light path and image acquisition module, the coaxial device of light path is used for making 3D print the light path coaxial with image acquisition light path, image acquisition module is used for catching in real time and follows the light spot light beam that 3D printed the light path reflection and enlargeing the back formation of image.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the optical path coaxial device is a dielectric reflector, the spot beam reflected from the laser printing working surface is reflected by the galvanometer reflector and then transmitted by the dielectric reflector, and the transmitted beam is captured by the image capturing module, amplified and imaged.
3. The device for detecting the printing light spot in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein the image acquisition device comprises an attenuation sheet for attenuating the energy of the captured light spot beam.
4. The device for detecting the printing light spot in real time according to claim 3, wherein the attenuation sheet is the optical path coaxial device.
5. The device for detecting the printing light spot in real time as claimed in claim 4, wherein the attenuation sheet is a dielectric reflector as the coaxial device of the optical path.
6. The device for detecting the printing light spot in real time according to claim 1, wherein the device for capturing the light spot beam in the image acquisition module is a telephoto lens.
7. The device for real-time detection of the printing light spot according to claim 6, wherein the telephoto lens comprises a concave-convex lens assembly, the concave-convex lens assembly comprises a convex lens and a concave lens, the captured light spot beam enters the convex lens for focusing and then enters the concave lens, and the diameter-enlarged light spot beam finally exiting from the concave lens is imaged in an image sensor.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the image sensor for imaging is a CMOS image sensor.
9. A method for detecting printing spots in real time, which is realized by the device for detecting printing spots in real time according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a light path coaxial device between a galvanometer reflector of 3D printing equipment and an image acquisition module;
and S2, driving the galvanometer reflector to move so as to change the printing position of the light spot, reflecting the light spot beam formed on the laser printing working surface along a 3D printing light path and transmitting the light spot beam through the medium reflector, and then capturing and amplifying the transmitted light beam by the image acquisition module to form an image.
10. The method for real-time detection of printed light spots according to claim 9, wherein the optical path coaxial device is a dielectric mirror.
CN202211129652.6A 2022-09-16 2022-09-16 Device and method for detecting printing light spots in real time Pending CN115416302A (en)

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CN202211129652.6A CN115416302A (en) 2022-09-16 2022-09-16 Device and method for detecting printing light spots in real time

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211129652.6A CN115416302A (en) 2022-09-16 2022-09-16 Device and method for detecting printing light spots in real time

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106273477A (en) * 2016-08-05 2017-01-04 上海联泰科技股份有限公司 Monitoring and backtracking system and method in real time in stereolithographic process
CN108943696A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-07 东莞市原力无限打印科技有限公司 For detecting the device of 3D printing middle layer light-cured resin surface quality
US20220143704A1 (en) * 2019-03-13 2022-05-12 Nanyang Technological University Monitoring system and method of identification of anomalies in a 3d printing process

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106273477A (en) * 2016-08-05 2017-01-04 上海联泰科技股份有限公司 Monitoring and backtracking system and method in real time in stereolithographic process
CN108943696A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-07 东莞市原力无限打印科技有限公司 For detecting the device of 3D printing middle layer light-cured resin surface quality
US20220143704A1 (en) * 2019-03-13 2022-05-12 Nanyang Technological University Monitoring system and method of identification of anomalies in a 3d printing process

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
王登龙等: "大学物理学", 北京邮电大学出版社, pages: 143 - 148 *

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