CN115414105A - Stress and strain monitoring system and method for orthopedic intramedullary nail and human fracture end - Google Patents
Stress and strain monitoring system and method for orthopedic intramedullary nail and human fracture end Download PDFInfo
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- CN115414105A CN115414105A CN202211373487.9A CN202211373487A CN115414105A CN 115414105 A CN115414105 A CN 115414105A CN 202211373487 A CN202211373487 A CN 202211373487A CN 115414105 A CN115414105 A CN 115414105A
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- intramedullary nail
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/06—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/06—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/064—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of surgery, in particular to an orthopedic intramedullary nail and a stress-strain monitoring system and method for a human fracture end, wherein the orthopedic intramedullary nail comprises: the intramedullary nail comprises an intramedullary nail body, wherein a preset position of the intramedullary nail body is made of a preset material in a preset mode so as to sense strain on the intramedullary nail body and output a strain signal; the communication unit is used for receiving the strain signal and sending the strain signal to a preset terminal so as to obtain stress-strain data of a fracture end during the healing period of the human fracture based on the strain signal; and the packaging body is used for packaging the intramedullary nail body and the communication unit. Therefore, the technical problems that a strain sensing device in the related technology has electrochemical corrosion, is mismatched with the rigidity of an implant, has an excessively small effective working volume, is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement in a human body and the like are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surgery, in particular to a stress-strain monitoring system and method for an orthopedic intramedullary nail and a human fracture end.
Background
Nonunion after fracture operation is a great problem faced by the requirement of trauma orthopedics, after fracture reduction operation, hematoma, callus and bone substance in the region of the intramedullary nail are sequentially evolved, the modulus of tissues is changed along with the evolution of hematoma, callus and the monitoring of the biomechanical environment of the intramedullary nail is an important basis for influencing subsequent treatment and rehabilitation intervention after fracture operation in the process of bone healing, and the monitoring directly reflects the healing condition but is difficult to directly measure in real time.
In clinical practice, indirect visual observation is performed on the fracture healing process through medical imaging modes such as an X-ray or CT (Computer Tomography) film and the like, but the stress and strain condition at the fracture end cannot be monitored by using the medical imaging, and the biomechanical state of the fracture position in the healing process cannot be monitored in real time due to the follow-up interval problem.
In the related art, the strain sensing monitoring mode can be adopted: namely, the bone implantation strain sensing device is attached to an implant body by methods of bonding, physical fixation and the like, and a mechanical environment signal is obtained by a contact type strain sensing mode, so that the stress strain condition at the fracture end is monitored. However, in the related art, since the bone implantation strain sensor has the problems of electrochemical corrosion, mismatch with the rigidity of the implant, and small effective working volume, it is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement, and an improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stress-strain monitoring system and a stress-strain monitoring method for an orthopaedic intramedullary nail and a human fracture end, which aim to solve the technical problems that a strain sensing device in the related technology has electrochemical corrosion, is mismatched with the rigidity of an implant, has an excessively small effective working volume, is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement in a human body and the like.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intramedullary nail, comprising: the intramedullary nail comprises an intramedullary nail body, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, wherein the preset position of the intramedullary nail body is made of a preset material in a preset mode so as to sense strain on the intramedullary nail body and output a strain signal; the communication unit is used for receiving the strain signal and sending the strain signal to a preset terminal so as to obtain stress and strain data of a fracture end during the fracture healing period of the human body based on the strain signal; and the packaging body is used for packaging the intramedullary nail body and the communication unit.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined material is carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (CFR-PEEK), and the predetermined manner is irradiation carbonization.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the preset position is a position corresponding to the fracture end.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, the intramedullary nail body comprises at least one of a proximal femoral intramedullary nail, a tibial intramedullary nail and a humeral intramedullary nail.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the communication unit includes a radio frequency tag formed on a surface of a predetermined material, so as to transmit a radio frequency signal formed by the strain signal to the predetermined terminal based on the radio frequency tag.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the package is made by depositing a layer of parylene by chemical vapor deposition.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a stress-strain monitoring system for a fractured end of a human body, including: the orthopedic intramedullary nail of at least one embodiment is used for acquiring strain signals of a fracture end during the healing of human fracture; the communication device is used for receiving strain signals of one or more channels on one or more orthopedic intramedullary nails; and the processor is used for obtaining stress strain data of the fracture end of at least one patient during the human fracture healing period according to the strain signals of one or more channels on one or more orthopedic intramedullary nails.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the communication device includes: the receiver comprises at least one antenna so as to receive the radio-frequency signal of the orthopedic intramedullary nail when the receiver is within a preset distance from the orthopedic intramedullary nail and analyze the strain signal based on the radio-frequency signal.
The embodiment of the third aspect of the invention provides a stress-strain monitoring method for a human fracture end, which utilizes the stress-strain monitoring system for the human fracture end described in the embodiment, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a strain signal of a fracture end during the healing period of human fracture based on an orthopedic intramedullary nail; and acquiring stress strain data of the fracture end of at least one patient during the human fracture healing period according to the strain signal of the fracture end during the human fracture healing period.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, when the program is executed by a processor, the method for monitoring stress-strain of a fractured end of a human body is implemented as the above embodiment.
The embodiment of the invention can be implanted into an orthopedic intramedullary nail based on different fracture or injury positions, wherein an intramedullary nail body can be made of a preset material with good biocompatibility and high contrast strength in a preset mode to obtain a strain signal of the fracture or injury position, the communication unit which is encapsulated by an encapsulation body together with the intramedullary nail body can send the strain signal to obtain stress-strain data of a fracture end during the healing period of human fracture, the real-time monitoring of the stress-strain data is realized, the subsequent analysis of the in-vivo state of the intramedullary nail and the healing process evaluation are facilitated, the behavior of a patient is timely changed, the rehabilitation training of the patient is guided, and the collected data can be used for carrying out the grouping analysis of the relationship between the intramedullary nail fixing scheme and the mechanical environment characteristics of the fracture end part in the healing process, so as to generate guidance for the intramedullary nail fixing method in operation. Therefore, the technical problems that a strain sensing device in the related technology has electrochemical corrosion, is mismatched with the rigidity of an implant, has an excessively small effective working volume, is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement in a human body and the like are solved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of three-point bending test results for an intramedullary nail body based on CFR PEEK in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stress-strain monitoring system for a fractured end of a human body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stress-strain monitoring system for a fractured end of a human body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a stress-strain monitoring method for human fracture ends according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes an orthopedic intramedullary nail, a stress-strain monitoring system of human fracture end and a method thereof according to embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Aiming at the technical problems that a strain sensing device of the related technology mentioned in the background technology has electrochemical corrosion, is mismatched with the rigidity of an implant, has an excessively small effective working volume, is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement in a human body, and the like, the invention provides an orthopedic intramedullary nail, in which the orthopedic intramedullary nail can be implanted based on different fracture or injured positions, wherein an intramedullary nail body can be made of a preset material with good biocompatibility and high contrast strength in a preset mode to obtain a strain signal of the fracture or injured position, a communication unit which is encapsulated by an encapsulating body together with the intramedullary nail body can send the strain signal to obtain stress strain data of a fracture end during the fracture healing of the human body, so that the real-time monitoring of the stress strain data is realized, the subsequent analysis of the body state of the intramedullary nail and the healing process evaluation are facilitated, the behavior of a patient is changed in time, the rehabilitation training of the patient is guided, and the collected data can be used for carrying out the relationship between an intramedullary nail fixing scheme and the mechanical environment characteristics of the fracture end in the process of the group analysis and the fixation method in the operation is guided. Therefore, the technical problems that a strain sensing device in the related technology has electrochemical corrosion, is mismatched with the rigidity of an implant, has an excessively small effective working volume, is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement in a human body and the like are solved.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an orthopedic intramedullary nail 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the orthopaedic intramedullary nail 10 comprises: an intramedullary nail body 101, a communication unit 102 and a package 103.
Specifically, the preset position of the intramedullary nail body 101 is made of a preset material in a preset manner to sense the strain thereon and output a strain signal.
In the actual implementation process, the embodiment of the invention can obtain the mechanical signal of the fracture or the diseased position in a contact type strain sensing mode to form a mechanical feedback mechanism, and particularly can implant the intramedullary nail body 101 into the fracture or the diseased position to serve as strain sensing equipment, sense the strain on the implanted position and output the strain signal.
In order to avoid the problems of electrochemical corrosion, mismatch with the rigidity of the implant, and over-small effective working volume of the intramedullary nail body 101, the intramedullary nail body 101 of the embodiment of the invention can be made of a preset material in a preset manner.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined material may be, but is not limited to, carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone, and the predetermined manner may be, but is not limited to, irradiation carbonization.
In some embodiments, the predetermined material of the intramedullary nail body 101 may be carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone, wherein the carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone is a carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone composite material, which integrates the advantages of polyetheretherketone materials and carbon fiber materials, has a light weight, excellent mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, and such materials may have high conductivity and stress response characteristics after being carbonized by a high-energy laser beam, and the resin matrix thereof has less electromagnetic interference, which provides a possibility for directly converting the intramedullary nail itself into a sensing device.
For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the conductive region with a corresponding shape is directly processed on the carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone by using laser through a radiation carbonization method, so that the polyetheretherketone material is modified to sense a mechanical signal, a temperature signal, or a chemical signal in vivo.
The laser irradiation can adopt ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light, the pulse width can be millisecond, nanosecond, picosecond, femtosecond and the like, and the required conductive area can be carbonized on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone. In addition, the embodiment of the invention can change the energy density of the laser by changing the laser parameters such as the output power, the scanning speed, the repetition frequency, the defocusing amount and the like of the laser, further change the appearance, the components, the resistivity and the like of the conductive area, and simultaneously can carry out pattern design on the carbonized conductive layer (carbonized layer) by designing the laser processing track to form different patterns and be suitable for sensors for composite signal sensing of mechanics (pressure, strain, friction and the like), temperature, chemistry (pH and the like).
For example, the laser irradiation may be ultraviolet nanosecond laser, the output power of the laser may be 5W-10W, such as 5W, 6W, 7W, 8W, 9W, 10W, etc., the repetition frequency may be 40kHz-100kHz, such as 40kHz, 50kHz, 60kHz, 70kHz, 80kHz, 90kHz, 100kHz, etc., the scanning speed may be 20-110mm/s, such as 20mm/s, 30mm/s, 40mm/s, 50mm/s, 60mm/s, 70mm/s, 80mm/s, 90mm/s, 100mm/s, 110mm/s, etc., and the defocus amount may be 2-10mm, such as 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc. Therefore, the energy density irradiated on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone matrix is larger than 0.83J/mm & lt 2 & gt, and a carbonization layer can be formed on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone matrix.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined location is, but is not limited to, a location corresponding to the fracture end.
It can be understood that, in the bone healing process, monitoring of the mechanical environment of the fracture or the affected part is an important basis for influencing the subsequent treatment and rehabilitation intervention after the fracture operation, and particularly, monitoring of the stress-strain condition at the fracture end can directly reflect the bone healing state, so that the preset position of the intramedullary nail body 101 of the embodiment of the invention can be the position corresponding to the fracture end, thereby facilitating real-time monitoring of the stress-strain condition at the fracture end, facilitating subsequent analysis of the in-vivo state of the orthopedic intramedullary nail 10 and healing process evaluation, and timely changing the behavior of the patient to guide the rehabilitation training of the patient.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the intramedullary nail body 101 comprises at least one of a proximal femoral intramedullary nail, a tibial intramedullary nail and a humeral intramedullary nail.
Specifically, based on different fracture or injury positions, the intramedullary nail body 101 may include, but is not limited to, a proximal femoral intramedullary nail, a tibial intramedullary nail, a humeral intramedullary nail, and other long intramedullary nails, so as to achieve real-time monitoring of stress-strain conditions at the fracture end for different positions.
And the communication unit 102 is used for receiving the strain signal and sending the strain signal to a preset terminal so as to obtain stress-strain data of the fracture end during the fracture healing period of the human body based on the strain signal.
As a possible implementation manner, the embodiment of the present invention may implement signal transmission through the communication unit 102, wherein the communication unit 102 may receive the strain signal output by the intramedullary nail body 101, and transmit the strain signal to a preset terminal, such as a signal receiver, through wireless transmission, so as to convert the strain signal into stress-strain data of a fracture end during fracture healing of a human body. The wireless transmission can be performed in various manners, such as a wired active manner, a wireless passive manner, and the like, which are described in detail below.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the communication unit 102 includes a radio frequency tag formed on a surface of a predetermined material, so as to transmit a radio frequency signal formed by the strain signal to a predetermined terminal based on the radio frequency tag.
The wireless passive approach is described in detail herein. Specifically, when the preset material of the intramedullary nail body 101 is carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone and the preset manufacturing method is an irradiation carbonization method, the embodiment of the invention can perform irradiation carbonization to realize in-situ carbonization on the surface of a carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone substrate, form carbonized layers with different shapes as radio frequency tags, and the different shapes have corresponding characteristic frequencies, and after strain is monitored, the resonance frequency is correspondingly changed to realize real-time monitoring of stress strain.
The radio frequency tag on the carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone substrate can be in various shapes, and different shapes can produce different effects, for example, the radio frequency tag can be in a thin strip shape, is more sensitive to mechanical signals, and can accurately and timely respond to the mechanical signals so as to be used for feeding back the mechanical signals, such as stress, strain and the like; the radio frequency tag can be a structure with a plurality of bent and connected slender lines, and the structure can sense the slight change of temperature so as to be used for feeding back a temperature signal; the radio frequency tag can be square and can be used for feeding back chemical signals, such as pH change in vivo and the like, by absorbing liquid components and sensing the change of the liquid. In the postoperative healing stage, the embodiment of the invention can obtain the mechanical signal of the fracture end in vivo in a wireless communication mode, and is used for analyzing the prognosis condition of the operation of the patient, for example, when a preset terminal is close to a radio frequency tag on the intramedullary nail 10, a corresponding peak value can appear at the resonant frequency of the tag, and a technician in the field can calculate the stress state of the intramedullary nail 10 by analyzing the frequency, the kurtosis and other information of the peak, thereby evaluating the bone healing condition and realizing the radio frequency wireless communication.
The wired and passive approach is described in detail herein. In the laboratory research stage, because the human body is not required to be implanted, for example, the human body can be directly accessed to a PC (personal computer) terminal for display through a data line, the embodiment of the invention can carry out data test, calibration and evaluation in a wired mode, and is convenient for debugging equipment.
The wireless active mode is described in detail herein. In some embodiments, the intramedullary nail body 101 can also be based on a wireless module, send a strain signal acquired based on the intramedullary nail body 101, realize wireless transmission of the strain signal, and supply power to the wireless module by using a power module, so as to ensure normal operation of wireless transmission.
In the actual implementation process, the communication unit 102 can receive the resistance signal of the intramedullary nail body 101, i.e. the strain signal, the resistance signal can be converted into a voltage signal through a wheatstone bridge circuit and amplified to obtain an amplified signal, the amplified signal can be converted into a digital voltage signal through an analog-to-digital converter, the digital voltage signal can be wirelessly transmitted through a bluetooth module, i.e. a small peripheral circuit comprising the bluetooth module is additionally arranged, the external mobile device which can receive the wireless bluetooth signal directly by using a mobile phone and the like can directly receive and display the signal, and in addition, the portable vector network instrument can also be connected with the bluetooth module to realize the data display of the mobile terminal.
The encapsulation 103 is used for encapsulating the intramedullary nail body 101 and the communication unit 102.
In the practical implementation process, the embodiment of the invention can realize the encapsulation of the intramedullary nail body 101 and the communication unit 102 through the encapsulation body 103, avoid the adverse reaction caused by the direct contact of the intramedullary nail body 101 and the communication unit 102 with the human body, and improve the performance stability of the embodiment of the invention.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, the package body 103 is made by depositing a layer of parylene by chemical vapor deposition.
In some embodiments, the package 103 may be a package protection made of a material with biocompatibility and high dielectric constant, which is prepared by depositing a parylene layer by chemical vapor deposition.
The principles of operation and advantages of the orthopaedic intramedullary nail 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention are illustrated in one embodiment.
According to the embodiment of the invention, ultraviolet nanosecond laser can be adopted to perform irradiation treatment on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone matrix, the wavelength of the used ultraviolet nanosecond laser is 355nm, the pulse width is 25ns, the output power of the laser is 5.5W, the repetition frequency is 40kHz, the scanning speed is 60mm/s, the defocusing amount is 2mm, and a radio frequency label is formed on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone matrix to obtain the intramedullary nail body 101.
Performing a three-point bending test on the intramedullary nail body 101, wherein the test result is shown in fig. 2, wherein the resistance change on the ordinate refers to the ratio of the absolute value of the resistance change to the initial resistance value, expressed in percentage, the initial resistance value refers to the resistance value measured when no bending strain occurs, and the absolute value of the resistance change refers to the absolute value of the difference between the measured resistance value and the initial resistance value after the bending strain occurs; curve 1 is the resistance change versus bending strain from actual testing, while dashed line 2 is obtained by origin software fitting.
Through calculation, the intramedullary nail body 101 has high linearity (R2 = 0.997) within the working strain range of 0-2.5%, the linearity is close to 1, the fact that the intramedullary nail body 101 has good reliability and high repeatability when used for sensing signal changes is shown, meanwhile, tests show that the intramedullary nail body 101 also has high sensitivity (GF), the sensitivity is 29.0074, the sensitivity is high, the fact that the orthopedic implant is sensitive to signal changes is shown, and the intramedullary implant can be used for detecting tiny signal changes.
The experiment shows that the radio frequency tag in the intramedullary nail body 101 can well feed back mechanical signals, the orthopedic intramedullary nail can be used in a human body or an animal body, and the healing condition of the injured part can be detected and monitored in real time by combining with an in-vitro communication device or an in-vivo communication unit 102.
The orthopedic intramedullary nail provided by the embodiment of the invention can be implanted into the orthopedic intramedullary nail based on different fracture or injured positions, wherein the intramedullary nail body can be made of a preset material with good biocompatibility and high contrast strength in a preset mode to obtain a strain signal of the fracture or injured position, the communication unit which is encapsulated by the encapsulation body together with the intramedullary nail body can send the strain signal to obtain stress-strain data of a fracture end during the fracture healing of a human body, the real-time monitoring of the stress-strain data is realized, the subsequent analysis of the in-vivo state of the intramedullary nail and the healing process evaluation are facilitated, the behavior of a patient is changed in time, the rehabilitation training of the patient is guided, and the collected data can be subjected to the grouping analysis of the relationship between the intramedullary nail fixing scheme and the mechanical environment characteristics of the fracture end part in the healing process, so as to guide the fixing method of the intramedullary nail in the operation. Therefore, the technical problems that a strain sensing device in the related technology has electrochemical corrosion, is mismatched with the rigidity of an implant, has an excessively small effective working volume, is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement in a human body and the like are solved.
Next, a stress-strain monitoring system for human fracture ends according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stress-strain monitoring system 30 for monitoring stress at a fractured end of a human body according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, the stress-strain monitoring system 30 for human fracture end comprises: an orthopaedic intramedullary nail 10, a communication device 301 and a processor 302.
In particular, at least one orthopaedic intramedullary nail 10 for acquiring strain signals at the fracture end during healing of a human fracture.
A communication device 301 for receiving strain signals of one or more channels on one or more orthopaedic intramedullary nails 10.
In practical implementation, the embodiment of the present invention may implement, through the communication device 301, receiving of a strain signal of one or more channels on one or more intramedullary nails 10, monitoring of stress and strain at a fracture end during a bone healing process, and facilitating subsequent analysis of a bone healing state with respect to the strain signal.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the communication device 301 includes: a receiver.
Wherein, the receiver includes at least one antenna to when being within the predetermined distance from orthopedics intramedullary nail, receive orthopedic intramedullary nail 10's radio frequency signal, and because the signal analysis strain signal of radio frequency.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention may use an antenna (e.g., a linear microstrip antenna) as a receiver, and receive the rf signal when the antenna is close to the rf tag on the intramedullary nail 10, at which time, a corresponding peak occurs at the resonant frequency of the rf tag, so as to analyze the strain signal based on the rf signal.
A processor 302 for obtaining stress-strain data of the fracture end during the healing of the human fracture of at least one patient based on the strain signals of one or more channels of one or more orthopedic intramedullary nails 10.
As a possible implementation manner, the embodiment of the present invention may analyze the frequency, kurtosis, etc. of the peak by the processor 302, so as to calculate the stress state of one or more orthopedic intramedullary nails 10, and thereby evaluate the bone healing condition.
The working principle of the stress-strain monitoring system for human fracture end according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, a specific portion of the main body of the intramedullary nail can be carbonized by irradiation to modify the specific portion to obtain a strain sensing characteristic, the orthopedic intramedullary nail 10 can achieve the purpose of monitoring the mechanical environment of the fracture position in real time after operation, the external communication device 301 performs radio frequency communication to obtain the in-vivo state of the orthopedic intramedullary nail 10, and the strain sensing characteristic of the position of the orthopedic intramedullary nail can be analyzed, so that the monitoring of the whole life cycle state such as the biomechanical monitoring of the in-vivo orthopedic intramedullary nail 10 is realized, and the signal acquisition and analysis in a wireless manner can be used for changing the behavior of a patient, guiding the rehabilitation training of the patient, and influencing the clinical prognosis.
In addition, besides radio frequency signals, the embodiment of the present invention may also use wireless transmission devices such as bluetooth, etc., as a substitute for the wireless transmission devices.
The orthopedic intramedullary nail 10 can be used for efficient postoperative follow-up and personalized rehabilitation of patients, and can also be used for analyzing the mechanical environmental characteristics of the fracture part in the healing process in a grouping manner, so that the obtained conclusion finally guides the fixing position of the intramedullary nail in the operation, and the current equipment and diagnosis and treatment scheme can be optimized to the maximum extent.
The stress-strain monitoring system for the human fracture end, provided by the embodiment of the invention, can be implanted into an orthopedic intramedullary nail based on different fracture or injured positions, wherein the intramedullary nail body can be made of a preset material with good biocompatibility and high contrast strength in a preset mode so as to obtain a strain signal of the fracture or injured position, the communication unit which is encapsulated by an encapsulation body together with the intramedullary nail body can send the strain signal so as to obtain stress-strain data of the fracture end during the healing period of human fracture, the real-time monitoring of the stress-strain data is realized, the subsequent analysis of the body state and the healing process evaluation of the intramedullary nail are facilitated, the behavior of a patient is timely changed, the rehabilitation training of the patient is guided, and the collected data can be subjected to a grouping analysis on the relationship between an intramedullary nail fixing scheme and the mechanical environment characteristics of the fracture end part in the healing process, so as to guide the fixing method of the intramedullary nail in an operation. Therefore, the technical problems that a strain sensing device in the related technology has electrochemical corrosion, is mismatched with the rigidity of an implant, has an excessively small effective working volume, is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement in a human body and the like are solved.
The stress-strain monitoring method for human fracture ends provided by the embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the attached drawings again.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring stress-strain at a fractured end of a human body according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the stress-strain monitoring method for human fracture end, which uses the stress-strain monitoring system for human fracture end of the above embodiment, includes the following steps:
in step S501, strain signals of a fracture end during fracture healing of a human body are collected based on an orthopedic intramedullary nail.
In step S502, stress-strain data of the fracture end of the human fracture healing period of at least one patient is obtained according to the strain signal of the fracture end of the human fracture healing period.
It should be noted that the above explanation of the embodiment of the stress-strain monitoring system for a human fracture end is also applicable to the stress-strain monitoring method for a human fracture end of this embodiment, and is not repeated herein.
According to the stress-strain monitoring method for the human fracture end, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, an orthopedic intramedullary nail can be implanted based on different fracture or injured positions, wherein the intramedullary nail body can be made of a preset material with good biocompatibility and high contrast strength in a preset mode to obtain a strain signal of the fracture or injured position, the communication unit which is encapsulated by an encapsulation body together with the intramedullary nail body can send the strain signal to obtain stress-strain data of the fracture end during the healing period of human fracture, the real-time monitoring of the stress-strain data is realized, the subsequent analysis of the body state and the healing process evaluation of the intramedullary nail are facilitated, the behavior of a patient is changed in time, the rehabilitation training of the patient is guided, and the collected data can be subjected to the grouping analysis of the relationship between the intramedullary nail fixing scheme and the mechanical environment characteristics of the fracture end part in the healing process, so as to guide the fixing method of the intramedullary nail in the operation. Therefore, the technical problems that a strain sensing device in the related technology has electrochemical corrosion, is mismatched with the rigidity of an implant, has an excessively small effective working volume, is difficult to realize a mechanical feedback mechanism meeting the monitoring requirement in a human body and the like are solved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the program is executed by a processor to realize the above method for monitoring the stress and strain of the human fracture end.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "N" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or N executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or N wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried out in the method of implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An orthopedic intramedullary nail, comprising:
the intramedullary nail comprises an intramedullary nail body, wherein a preset position of the intramedullary nail body is made of a preset material in a preset mode so as to sense strain on the intramedullary nail body and output a strain signal;
the communication unit is used for receiving the strain signal and sending the strain signal to a preset terminal so as to obtain stress and strain data of a fracture end during the fracture healing period of the human body based on the strain signal; and
a packaging for packaging the intramedullary nail body and the communication unit.
2. The intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein the predetermined material is carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone and the predetermined pattern is irradiation carbonization.
3. The orthopedic intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein the predetermined location is at a location corresponding to the fracture end.
4. The orthopedic intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein the intramedullary nail body comprises at least one of a proximal femoral intramedullary nail, a tibial intramedullary nail, and a humeral intramedullary nail.
5. The intramedullary nail according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit comprises a radio frequency tag formed on a surface of a predetermined material, so as to transmit a radio frequency signal formed by the strain signal to the predetermined terminal based on the radio frequency tag.
6. The intramedullary nail according to claim 1, wherein the encapsulation is made by depositing a layer of parylene by chemical vapor deposition.
7. A stress-strain monitoring system for a fractured end of a human body, comprising:
at least one orthopaedic intramedullary nail according to any one of claims 1 to 6, for acquiring strain signals at the fracture end during the healing of a human fracture;
a communication device for receiving strain signals of one or more channels on one or more orthopedic intramedullary nails; and
and the processor is used for obtaining stress strain data of the fracture end of at least one patient during the human fracture healing period according to the strain signals of one or more channels on one or more orthopedic intramedullary nails.
8. A system for monitoring stress and strain at a fractured end of a human body according to claim 7 wherein the communication means comprises:
a receiver including at least one antenna to receive a radio frequency signal of an orthopedic intramedullary nail and resolve the strain signal based on the radio frequency signal when within a predetermined distance from the orthopedic intramedullary nail.
9. A method for monitoring stress-strain at human fracture end, which is characterized by using the system for monitoring stress-strain at human fracture end as claimed in any one of claims 7-8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
collecting strain signals of a fracture end during fracture healing of a human body based on an orthopedic intramedullary nail;
and acquiring stress strain data of the fracture end of at least one patient during the human fracture healing period according to the strain signal of the fracture end during the human fracture healing period.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the program being executed by a processor to implement the method for stress-strain monitoring of a fractured end of a human body according to claim 9.
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