CN115411848A - Multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/50—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging, and particularly discloses a multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system and a control method thereof 1 Or constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 The system output is kept in the constant voltage/constant current characteristic, the system volume is not increased, the control is simple, and the problems of safety, reliability and stability of power supply of the high-voltage transmission line on-line monitoring equipment are effectively solved. If constant voltage charging at a specific voltage or constant current charging at a specific current is further required, the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter is further changed, the control is simple, and various charging requirements of the charging equipment can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging, in particular to a multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system and a control method thereof.
Background
With the development of smart power grids, the application of the high-voltage transmission line online monitoring equipment is more and more extensive, the functions of the high-voltage transmission line online monitoring equipment are more and more obvious, and how to provide a safe, stable and reliable power supply for the high-voltage transmission line online monitoring equipment is a key problem to be solved urgently. The traditional power supply adopts a photovoltaic and storage battery or PT and super capacitor combined power supply mode, so that the problems of unstable power supply, overlarge volume and the like exist, and a safe and reliable low-voltage power supply source is difficult to provide for online monitoring equipment.
The wireless power supply technology provides a new power supply idea for the high-voltage transmission line on-line monitoring equipment because the wireless power supply technology is safe and reliable and does not need direct contact. The Power supply mode is mainly characterized in that energy in a magnetic field of the Power transmission line is obtained through a current transformer mounted on the Power transmission line, then a Multi-Relay Wireless Power Transfer (MR-WPT) system is formed through a plurality of Relay coils which are coaxially arranged at equal intervals by utilizing a Wireless Power transmission technology, and the energy is transmitted to a storage battery in the online monitoring equipment, so that the continuous work of the monitoring equipment is ensured.
At present, a multi-relay wireless power supply system is adopted to supply power for the high-voltage transmission line on-line monitoring equipment, the charging safety and rapidity need to be considered, and a common charging mode is constant voltage/constant current. In the existing constant voltage/constant current charging mode, for example, the constant current/constant voltage charging is realized by adding a front-stage direct current converter and a rear-stage direct current converter or by the combination of a hybrid topology and the on and off of an additional switch, but the methods are more complex to control and have larger system volume. The invention mainly solves the problem of how to simply control system parameters to realize constant voltage/constant current output while basically not increasing the volume of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system and a control method thereof, and solves the technical problems that: how to realize constant voltage/constant current output by simply controlling system parameters while basically not increasing the volume of the system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system which comprises a transmitting unit, a relay unit and a receiving unit, wherein the transmitting unit comprises a direct-current input power supply, and the direct-current input voltage of the transmitting unit is U dc The direct current input power supply is electrically connected with a full-bridge inverter which is electrically connected with a transmitting coil L 1 Transmitting coil L 1 Series resonance capacitor C 1 Forming a transmitting loop; the relay unit includes a relay coil L 2 Relay coil L 2 Series resonance capacitor C 2 Forming a first relay loop, relayingCoil L 2 And a transmitting coil L 1 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 12 (ii) a The relay unit further comprises a relay coil L 3 Relay coil L 3 Series resonance capacitor C 3 Forming a second relay loop, a relay coil L 3 And a relay coil L 2 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 23 (ii) a And so on until the n-2 relay coil L n-1 Series resonance capacitor C n-1 Forming an n-2 th relay loop; the receiving unit comprises a receiving coil L n Receiving coil L n And a relay coil L n-1 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M (n-1)n A receiving coil L n Series resonance capacitor C n Then electrically connected with a rectifier, the rectifier is connected with a load resistor R L Electric connection, coil L i Parasitic resistance of R i Loop L of i And a coil L j Has a coupling coefficient of k ij I =1,2, …, n, j =1,2, …, n, and i ≠ j, n ≧ 3;
all coils are of the same structure and are uniformly arranged, and have L i ＝L；
Constant voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 Is Z P ＝Z Q The calculated operating frequency, Z P 、Z Q Are defined intermediate variables for convenient calculation, wherein:
α＝[k 12 k 13 … k 1(n-1) ] T ,β＝[k 1(n-1) k 1(n-2) … k 12 ] T ，
alpha, beta, lambda are for simplifying Z P 、Z Q Defined intermediate variable, ω o For the system resonance angular frequency, omega is the constant voltage output characteristic frequency f to be calculated 1 Corresponding toAngular frequency, superscript T represents matrix transposition;
constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 Is Z P The calculated operating frequency at = 0.
Specifically, when the system is operated at a constant voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 Time, system output voltage U n ＝U 1 ，U 1 Is the output voltage of the full bridge inverter.
Specifically, when the system is operated at a constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 Time, system output current I n ＝U 1 /Z Q 。
Preferably, the direct current input power supply is obtained by acquiring energy in a magnetic field of the power transmission line through a current transformer mounted on the power transmission line and further converting the energy.
Preferably, a voltage step-up and step-down circuit is provided between the dc input power source and the high frequency inverter for increasing or decreasing the input voltage of the high frequency inverter to decrease or increase the output voltage of the high frequency inverter.
Preferably, a voltage step-up and step-down circuit is arranged between the current transformer and the dc input power supply, and is used for increasing or decreasing the output voltage of the dc input power supply.
The invention also provides a control method of the multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the charging requirement of the charging equipment at the receiving side in real time, and if the charging requirement is constant-voltage charging, controlling the full-bridge inverter to work at constant-voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 If the charging requirement is constant current charging, controlling the full-bridge inverter to work at a constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 。
Further, if the charging requirement is constant voltage charging with a specific voltage, the full-bridge inverter is controlled to work at a constant voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 And controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter to be the specific voltage by changing the output voltage of the direct current input power supply.
Further, if the charging requirement is a specific current I n ' constant current charging, then control the full bridge inverterThe converter operating at constant-current output characteristic frequency f 2 And the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter is controlled to be I by changing the output voltage of the direct current input power supply n 'Z Q 。
According to the multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system and the control method thereof, the output of the system is kept in the constant-voltage/constant-current characteristic through frequency adjustment, the system size is not increased, the control is simple, and the problems of safety, reliability and stability of power supply of high-voltage power transmission line online monitoring equipment are effectively solved. If constant voltage charging at a specific voltage or constant current charging at a specific current is further required, the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter is further changed, the control is simple, and various charging requirements of the charging equipment can be met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit topology diagram of a three-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention, including the drawings which are incorporated herein by reference and for illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention, since many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system which comprises a transmitting unit, a relay unit and a receiving unit, wherein the transmitting unit comprises a direct-current input power supply, and the direct-current input voltage of the transmitting unit is U dc The direct current input power supply is electrically connected with a full-bridge inverter which is electrically connected with a transmitting coil L 1 Transmitting coil L 1 Series resonance capacitor C 1 Forming a transmitting loop; the relay unit includes a relay coil L 2 Relay coil L 2 Series resonance capacitor C 2 Forming a first relay loop, a relay coil L 2 And a transmitting coil L 1 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 12 (ii) a The relay unit further comprises a relay coil L 3 Relay coil L 3 Series resonance capacitor C 3 Forming a second relay loop, a relay coil L 3 And a relay coil L 2 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 23 (ii) a And so on until the n-2 relay coil L n-1 Series resonance capacitor C n-1 Forming an n-2 th relay loop; the receiving unit comprises a receiving coil L n A receiving coil L n And a relay coil L n-1 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M (n-1)n A receiving coil L n Series resonance capacitor C n Then electrically connected with a rectifier, the rectifier is connected with a load resistor R L Electric connection, coil L i Parasitic resistance of R i Loop L of i And a coil L j Has a coupling coefficient of k ij I =1,2, …, n, j =1,2, …, n, and i ≠ j, n ≧ 3.
To compensate for self-inductance of the transmitter, relay and receiver coils, C 1 、C 2 、…、C n-1 And C n The following should be satisfied:
wherein, ω is o Is the resonant angular frequency, f, of the system o Is the resonant frequency of the system.
According to the DC load R L Calculating the AC equivalent load R of the receiving side unit eq ：
According to kirchhoff voltage law, establishing a system equivalent circuit model:
wherein: r is 1 、R 2 、R 3 、…、R n-1 、R n Respectively internal resistance, X, of each coil loop i (i =1,2, …, n) are the reactances of the respective coil loops, and can be expressed as:
X i ＝jωL i +1/jωC i (i＝1,2,…，n) (4)
according to the relation between the coupling coefficients of the ith coil and the jth coil, simplifying an equivalent circuit model:
coupling coefficient k between ith coil and jth coil ij Can be expressed as:
considering that the coils are of the same structure and are uniformly arranged, there is L i = L, and the mutual inductance between the coils has the following relationship:
to simplify the analysis, the coil internal resistance is ignored, and based on the analysis, the equivalent circuit model is simplified as follows:
wherein, omega is the angular frequency of the system,
for the current of each coil loop, the current,
is the output voltage of the full bridge inverter.
Solving the simplified equivalent circuit, and solving the expression of the output voltage and the output current as follows:
wherein:
α＝[k 12 k 13 … k 1(n-1) ] T ,β＝[k 1(n-1) k 1(n-2) … k 12 ] T ，
wherein, Z P 、Z Q Is to calculate the defined intermediate variables for convenience, and α, β, Λ are to simplify Z P 、Z Q Defined intermediate variables.
By analyzing the expressions of the output voltage and the output current, it can be found that when Z is P ＝Z Q While the output voltage remains constant, and U n ＝U 1 The working frequency calculated at this time is the constant voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 (ii) a When Z is P When =0, the output current is constant regardless of the load, and I n ＝U 1 /Z Q The working frequency calculated at this time is the constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 。
As an implementation mode, the system is applied to wireless charging of high-voltage line inspection equipment, then the direct-current input power source is obtained by obtaining energy in a magnetic field of the power transmission line by a current transformer mounted on the power transmission line and further converting the energy, in order to further adjust output voltage or output current of the system in the charging process, a voltage boosting and reducing circuit can be arranged between the direct-current input power source and the high-frequency inverter, or a voltage boosting and reducing circuit is arranged between the current transformer and the direct-current input power source and used for boosting or reducing input voltage of the high-frequency inverter so as to reduce or raise output voltage of the high-frequency inverter, because when the system works at constant-voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 Time, system output voltage U n Constant equal to high frequencyThe output voltage of the inverter can meet the constant voltage charging of specific voltage only by changing the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter.
On this basis, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method for a multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system, including: acquiring the charging requirement of the charging equipment at the receiving side in real time, and controlling the full-bridge inverter to work at the constant-voltage output characteristic frequency f if the charging requirement is constant-voltage charging 1 If the charging requirement is constant current charging, controlling the full-bridge inverter to work at the constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 。
When a charging device is connected, whether the charging requirement is constant-current or constant-voltage charging is acquired, the working frequency of the high-frequency inverter is further switched to be the corresponding frequency, and if the charging requirement is changed in the charging process, the charging requirement is switched to be the corresponding frequency.
Further, if the constant voltage charging of a specific voltage is to be realized, the full-bridge inverter is controlled to work at the constant voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 And the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter is controlled to be a specific voltage by changing the output voltage of the direct current input power supply. If the charging demand is a specific current I n ' constant current charging, then the full bridge inverter is controlled to work at the constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 And the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter is controlled to be I by changing the output voltage of the direct current input power supply n 'Z Q Z is determined by the system parameters Q Is a constant value according to I n ＝U 1 /Z Q It can be seen that changing the output voltage of the full bridge inverter changes the output current.
Taking a three-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system as an example, that is, n =5, a topological diagram of the system is shown in fig. 1, the three-relay wireless power supply system includes three components, namely a transmitting unit, a relay side unit and a receiving side unit, the transmitting unit includes a direct-current input power supply, and the direct-current input voltage of the transmitting unit is U dc The direct current input power supply is electrically connected with a full-bridge inverter, and the full-bridge inverter comprises four switching devices S 1 、S 2 、S 3 And S 4 The full-bridge inverter is electrically connected with a transmitting coil L 1 Transmitting coil L 1 Series resonance capacitor C 1 Forming a transmit loop. The relay unit includes a relay coil L 2 Relay coil L 2 Series resonance capacitor C 2 Forming a first relay loop, a relay coil L 2 And a transmitting coil L 1 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 12 (ii) a Relay coil L 3 Series resonance capacitor C 3 Forming a second relay loop, a relay coil L 3 And a relay coil L 2 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 23 (ii) a Relay coil L 4 Series resonance capacitor C 4 Forming a third relay loop, relay coil L 4 And a relay coil L 3 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 34 (ii) a And so on until the 4 th relay coil L 4 Series resonance capacitor C 4 Forming a 3 rd relay loop, a relay coil L n4 And a receiving coil L of a receiving end 5 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 45 . The receiving unit comprises a receiving coil L 5 A receiving coil L 5 Series resonance capacitor C 5 Is electrically connected with a subsequent rectifier, the rectifier is connected with a load resistor R L Electrically connected to form a receiving unit, and parasitic resistances of the coils are R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 。
The equivalent model of fig. 1 is shown in fig. 2. The same analytical procedure as described above gives:
the expressions of the system output voltage and output current are:
wherein:
α＝[k 12 k 13 k 14 ] T ,β＝[k 14 k 13 k 12 ] T ，
finally, the constant voltage output characteristic frequency f can be obtained 1 And constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 。
In conclusion, the multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system and the control method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the output of the system is kept in the constant-voltage/constant-current characteristic through frequency adjustment, the system volume is not increased, the control is simple, and the problems of safety, reliability and stability of power supply of high-voltage transmission line online monitoring equipment are effectively solved. If constant voltage charging at a specific voltage or constant current charging at a specific current is further required, the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter is further changed, the control is simple, and various charging requirements of the charging equipment can be met.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system comprises a transmitting unit, a relay unit and a receiving unit, wherein the transmitting unit comprises a direct-current input power supply, and the direct-current input voltage of the transmitting unit is U dc The direct current input power supply is electrically connected with a full-bridge inverter which is electrically connected with a transmitting coil L 1 Transmitting coil L 1 Series resonance capacitor C 1 Forming a transmitting loop; the relay unit includes a relay coil L 2 Relay coil L 2 Series resonance capacitor C 2 Forming a first relay loop, a relay coil L 2 And a transmitting coil L 1 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M 12 (ii) a The relay unit further comprises a relay coil L 3 Relay coil L 3 Series resonance capacitor C 3 Forming a second relay loop, the relay coil L 3 And a relay coil L 2 Magnetic couplingAnd the mutual inductance is M 23 (ii) a And so on until the n-2 relay coil L n-1 Series resonance capacitor C n-1 Forming an n-2 th relay loop; the receiving unit comprises a receiving coil L n A receiving coil L n And a relay coil L n-1 Magnetic coupling with mutual inductance of M (n-1)n A receiving coil L n Series resonance capacitor C n Then electrically connected with a rectifier, the rectifier is connected with a load resistor R L Electric connection, coil L i Parasitic resistance of R i Loop L of i And a coil L j Has a coupling coefficient of k ij I =1,2, …, n, j =1,2, …, n, and i ≠ j, n ≧ 3; the method is characterized in that:
all coils are of the same structure and are uniformly arranged, and have L i ＝L；
Constant voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 Is Z P ＝Z Q The calculated operating frequency, Z P 、Z Q Is an intermediate variable defined for ease of calculation, wherein:
α＝[k 12 k 13 … k 1(n-1) ] T ,β＝[k 1(n-1) k 1(n-2) … k 12 ] T ，
alpha, beta, lambda are for simplifying Z P 、Z Q Defined intermediate variable, ω o For the system resonance angular frequency, ω is the constant voltage output characteristic frequency f to be calculated 1 The corresponding angular frequency, superscript T represents the matrix transposition;
constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 Is Z P The calculated operating frequency at = 0.
2. The multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the system works at constant voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 Time, system output voltage U n ＝U 1 ，U 1 Is the output voltage of the full bridge inverter.
3. The multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the system works at the constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 Time, system output current I n ＝U 1 /Z Q 。
4. The multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to claim 2, wherein: the direct current input power supply is obtained by acquiring energy in a magnetic field of the power transmission line through a current transformer mounted on the power transmission line and further converting the energy.
5. The multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to claim 4, wherein: and a step-up and step-down circuit is arranged between the direct current input power supply and the high-frequency inverter and is used for increasing or decreasing the input voltage of the high-frequency inverter so as to decrease or increase the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter.
6. The multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to claim 4, wherein: and a voltage boosting and reducing circuit is arranged between the current transformer and the direct current input power supply and is used for boosting or reducing the output voltage of the direct current input power supply.
7. A control method of a multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: acquiring the charging requirement of the charging equipment at the receiving side in real time, and if the charging requirement is constant-voltage charging, controlling the full-bridge inverter to work at constant-voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 If the charging requirement is constant current charging, the full bridge inverter is controlledThe converter operating at constant-current output characteristic frequency f 2 。
8. The control method of the multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: if the charging requirement is constant voltage charging with specific voltage, controlling the full-bridge inverter to work at constant voltage output characteristic frequency f 1 And controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter to be the specific voltage by changing the output voltage of the direct current input power supply.
9. The control method of the multi-relay wireless constant-current constant-voltage power supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: if the charging demand is a specific current I n ' constant current charging, the full bridge inverter is controlled to work at a constant current output characteristic frequency f 2 And the output voltage of the full-bridge inverter is controlled to be I by changing the output voltage of the direct current input power supply n 'Z Q 。
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