CN115405054A - Green roof system of matrix normal position restoration - Google Patents
Green roof system of matrix normal position restoration Download PDFInfo
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- CN115405054A CN115405054A CN202211100268.3A CN202211100268A CN115405054A CN 115405054 A CN115405054 A CN 115405054A CN 202211100268 A CN202211100268 A CN 202211100268A CN 115405054 A CN115405054 A CN 115405054A
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 organic acid salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 241000218093 Phedimus aizoon Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000042430 Rhodiola rosea Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000003713 Rhodiola rosea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000189144 Sedum lineare Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000304432 Sedum sarmentosum Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009393 electroremediation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/04—Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a matrix in-situ remediation green roof system, which comprises a vegetable layer, a matrix layer, an ultrasonic device I, a perforated plate, a permeable geotextile layer, a water storage and drainage layer, an ultrasonic device II, a cathode chamber, an anode chamber, an ultrasonic generator and a peristaltic pump, wherein the vegetable layer is positioned at the top; the substrate layer is positioned below the vegetation layer and provides nutrients for the vegetation layer; the ultrasonic device I and the ultrasonic device II are respectively positioned below the substrate layer and the water storage and drainage layer and are connected to an ultrasonic generator; the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer are positioned below the ultrasonic device I; the water storage and drainage layer is positioned below the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer, and one side of the water storage and drainage layer is sequentially provided with a drainage valve I and a drainage valve II which are distributed up and down; the cathode chamber is positioned at one side inside the substrate layer, and the anode chamber is correspondingly arranged at the other side inside the substrate layer; the peristaltic pump is connected with the water storage and drainage layer through a water pipe and is used for replenishing water to the substrate layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a green roof system for in-situ remediation of a matrix.
Background
The green roof is one of main technical measures for sponge city construction, can effectively regulate and store rainwater from the source, reduce runoff and purify water quality, plays a vital role in reducing waterlogging risks, relieving heat island effect and the like, and has the functions of beautifying the environment and purifying air.
In the long-term operation process of the traditional green roof, the substrate layer with the functions of intercepting and controlling pollution is easy to harden and block, the pollutant load exceeds the standard, and the like, so that the water yield and water quality treatment capacity of the green roof is reduced, plants wither and fall, the service life of the green roof is further influenced, and the overhaul and maintenance cost is increased. Thus, there is a need to control the permeability and pollution load level of green roofing substrate layers.
In conclusion, how to repair a green roof with reduced pollutant interception capability caused by hardening and blocking of a matrix layer and overproof pollutant load, ensure the normal work of the green roof in rainy season, reduce maintenance cost and prolong service life becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome a series of defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a matrix in-situ remediation green roof system, which comprises a vegetation layer 1, a matrix layer 2, an ultrasonic device I3, a perforated plate, a permeable geotextile layer 4, a water storage and drainage layer 5, an ultrasonic device II 6, a cathode chamber 7, an anode chamber 9, an ultrasonic generator 14 and a peristaltic pump 15, and is characterized in that,
the vegetable layer 1 is positioned at the top, and a certain building height is arranged around the vegetable layer 1 and is used for storing rainwater;
the matrix layer 2 is positioned below the vegetation layer 1 and provides nutrients for the vegetation layer 1;
the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 are respectively positioned below the substrate layer 2 and the water storage and drainage layer 5, and the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 are both connected to an ultrasonic generator 14;
the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer 4 are positioned below the ultrasonic device I3;
the water storage and drainage layer 5 is positioned below the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer 4, and one side of the water storage and drainage layer 5 is provided with a drainage valve I16 and a drainage valve II 17 which are distributed up and down;
the cathode chamber 7 is positioned at one side inside the substrate layer 2, and the anode chamber 9 is positioned at the other side inside the substrate layer 2;
the peristaltic pump 15 is connected with the water storage and drainage layer 5 through a water pipe and is used for replenishing water for the matrix layer 2.
Preferably, the vegetation layer 1 is selected from water logging resistant, drought resistant, ornamental perennial herbaceous plants with certain pollutant adsorption capacity, including sedum aizoon, rhodiola rosea, sedum lineare or sedum sarmentosum.
Preferably, the matrix particles of the matrix layer 2 are selected from modified soil with a saturation water density of 0.75-1.3 g-cm -3 Internal porosity of 65-70%, and saturated hydraulic conductivity of not less than 58 mm.h -1 The physical properties of the substrate enable the substrate to have good water yield and quality control effect when being used as a substrate material of a green roof device and can be repaired in situ.
Preferably, the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 are both composed of an arrangement of ultrasonic vibration rods with high conductivity and corrosion resistance.
Preferably, the cathode chamber 7 is internally provided with a cathode plate 8, the anode chamber 9 is internally provided with an anode plate 10, and the cathode plate 8 and the anode plate 10 are respectively connected to an electrode power supply 11; the cathode chamber 7 is connected with a catholyte storage device 12 for supplying catholyte; an anolyte storage device 13 is connected to the anode chamber 9 for supplying anolyte.
Preferably, a moisture content detector 18 and a pH detector 19 are respectively disposed in the matrix layer 2 for detecting the moisture content and the pH value of the matrix layer 2.
The invention also aims to provide a use method of the green roof system for in-situ restoration of the matrix, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, during rainfall, the electrode power supply 11 is kept closed; if necessary, the ultrasonic generator 14 is started to enable the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 to work so as to promote the infiltration capacity of the matrix;
s2, in the early stage of rainfall, closing the drainage valve I16 and opening the drainage valve II 17, and flushing and discharging pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 5 into a sewage pipeline by using early rainwater;
s3, when the water discharged from the water discharge valve II 17 is clear, closing the water discharge valve II 17, opening the water discharge valve I16, and discharging the rainwater to a rainwater pipeline for use as regenerated water;
s4, detecting the water content of the matrix layer 2 by a water content detector 18 and a pH detector 19 in the matrix layer 2, and starting the green roof matrix to repair when the pH value reaches the repair condition;
step S5, the electrode power supply 11 is started, and the electrodynamic force repair is started; the cathode plate 8 and the anode plate 10 start to work, the matrix layer 2 generates an electric field, ions with positive charges migrate to the position near the cathode in the matrix, ions with negative charges migrate to the position near the anode in the matrix, and after enrichment, centralized treatment is carried out;
s6, starting the ultrasonic generator 14, starting the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 to work, decomposing organic matters in the matrix by the ultrasonic device I3, keeping the porosity of the matrix and promoting the electric repair efficiency; the ultrasonic device II 6 can decompose pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 5, so that initial rainwater can be conveniently flushed;
and S7, in the matrix repairing process, the water content detector 18 and the pH detector 19 keep working, if the water content is lower than 35% or the pH is higher than 7, the repairing work is stopped, and the matrix repairing process is restarted after the requirement is met.
And S8, repeating the step S5 to the step S7 until the matrix repair is completed.
Preferably, the matrix layer 2 does not need to be repaired every day, the repairing time is not less than 6h every time, and the repairing frequency and time are prolonged according to the pollution degree of the matrix.
Preferably, a power supply required by the equipment is supplied by a solar panel, and an external power supply is adopted when the power supply is insufficient; electrodynamic remediation of applied electric field conditions include: the voltage intensity is 1-2V cm -1 The current density is 0.5-5 A.m -2 (ii) a The power of the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 is 100w, and the voltage intensity is 1-1.5V cm -1 。
Preferably, the anolyte is selected from acid natural electrolyte, and the catholyte is selected from natural and nontoxic deionized water.
Preferably, in order to improve the repairing effect, a proper amount of organic acid or organic acid salt with complexing action is added into the matrix layer 2.
Preferably, the effluent turbidity and the infiltration rate change greatly before and after the matrix in-situ repair, and the matrix permeability and the effluent turbidity are used as auxiliary indexes of the in-situ repair effect; and performing proper repair for multiple times until a good repair effect is achieved.
Wherein, should repair the effect and inspect once after repairing, if repair effect is good, should be following phenomenon:
a. the plant growth condition is good;
b. the surface of the substrate layer 2 is smooth and the impurity content is very low;
c. detecting the permeability of the matrix by using an instrument, wherein the value of the permeability is not less than 90% of the initial value;
d. during rainfall, the turbidity of the effluent water tends to be high and then rapidly reduced until the effluent water is clarified.
If the phenomena do not all appear, the repairing can be properly carried out until a good repairing effect is achieved; the repairing effect of the device is evaluated through the measurement of actual indexes and the phenomenon after repair, and the device is proved to have a better repairing effect actually.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The electrodynamic force repairing device arranged in the green roof can repair the problem that the pollutant load of a substrate layer of the green roof exceeds the standard so as to reduce the pollutant interception capability, ensure the normal work of the green roof in rainy seasons, reduce the maintenance cost and prolong the service life;
2) According to the ultrasonic device arranged in the green roof, the problem that the infiltration is not smooth due to the blockage of the substrate layer of the green roof can be solved by starting the ultrasonic device in a non-rainy period, and the rainwater infiltration can be accelerated by starting the ultrasonic device in a rainy season, so that the problem that the rainwater overflows due to the unsmooth drainage of the green roof is prevented; secondly, the ultrasonic device is arranged at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer, so that sludge deposited at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer for a long time can be cleaned, effluent is clear, and the utilization rate of rainwater is improved; furthermore, ultrasound can promote the efficiency of electrokinetic remediation of matrix layers.
3) The electric power repairing device and the ultrasonic device are arranged in the green roof, and the proper electric field intensity and ultrasonic are favorable for the growth and development of plant roots and histiocytes, so that the growth of plants can be promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a matrix in situ remediation green roof system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of using a matrix in-situ remediation green roof system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of the drain valve according to the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1-a vegetable layer; 2-a matrix layer; 3-ultrasonic device I; 4-perforated plate and permeable geotextile layer; 5-water storage and drainage layer; 6-ultrasonic device II; 7-cathode chamber; 8-a cathode; 9-an anode chamber; 10-an anode; 11-electrode power supply; 12-catholyte storage means; 13-anolyte storage means; 14-an ultrasonic generator; 15-a peristaltic pump; 16-a drain valve I; 17-a drain valve II; 18-moisture content detector; 19-pH detector.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are illustrative of some, but not all embodiments of the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiments and their directional terminology described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary in nature and are intended to be illustrative of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In one broad embodiment of the invention, a green roof system for in-situ matrix remediation comprises a vegetation layer 1, a matrix layer 2, an ultrasonic device I3, a perforated and permeable geotextile layer 4, a water storage and drainage layer 5, an ultrasonic device II 6, a cathode chamber 7, an anode chamber 9, an ultrasonic generator 14 and a peristaltic pump 15,
the vegetation layer 1 is positioned at the top, and a certain building height is arranged around the vegetation layer 1 and used for storing rainwater;
the matrix layer 2 is positioned below the vegetation layer 1 and provides nutrients for the vegetation layer 1;
the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 are respectively positioned below the substrate layer 2 and the water storage and drainage layer 5, and the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 are both connected to an ultrasonic generator 14;
the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer 4 are positioned below the ultrasonic device I3;
the water storage and drainage layer 5 is positioned below the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer 4, and one side of the water storage and drainage layer 5 is provided with a drainage valve I16 and a drainage valve II 17 which are distributed up and down;
the cathode chamber 7 is positioned at one side inside the substrate layer 2, and the anode chamber 9 is positioned at the other side inside the substrate layer 2;
the peristaltic pump 15 is connected with the water storage and drainage layer 5 through a water pipe so as to be used for replenishing water for the matrix layer 2.
Preferably, the vegetation layer 1 is selected from water logging resistant, drought resistant, ornamental perennial herbaceous plants with certain pollutant adsorption capacity, including sedum aizoon, rhodiola rosea, sedum lineare or sedum sarmentosum.
Preferably, the matrix particles of the matrix layer 2 are selected from modified soil with a saturation water density of 0.75-1.3 g-cm -3 The internal porosity is 65-70%, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity is not less than 58 mm.h -1 The physical properties of the substrate enable the substrate to have good water yield and quality control effect when being used as a substrate material of a green roof device and can be repaired in situ.
Preferably, the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 are both composed of an arrangement of ultrasonic vibration rods with high conductivity and corrosion resistance.
Preferably, the cathode chamber 7 is internally provided with a cathode plate 8, the anode chamber 9 is internally provided with an anode plate 10, and the cathode plate 8 and the anode plate 10 are respectively connected to an electrode power supply 11; the cathode chamber 7 is connected with a catholyte storage device 12 for supplying catholyte; an anolyte storage device 13 is connected to the anode chamber 9 for supplying anolyte.
Preferably, a moisture content detector 18 and a pH detector 19 are respectively disposed in the matrix layer 2 for detecting the moisture content and the pH value of the matrix layer 2.
The invention also aims to provide a use method of the green roof system with the matrix repaired in situ, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, during rainfall, the electrode power supply 11 is kept closed; if necessary, the ultrasonic generator 14 is started to enable the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 to work, and the infiltration capacity of the matrix is promoted;
s2, in the early stage of rainfall, closing the drainage valve I16 and opening the drainage valve II 17, and flushing and discharging pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 5 into a sewage pipeline by using early rainwater;
s3, when the water discharged from the water discharge valve II 17 is clear, closing the water discharge valve II 17, opening the water discharge valve I16, and discharging the rainwater to a rainwater pipeline for use as regenerated water;
s4, a moisture content detector 18 and a pH detector 19 which are positioned in the matrix layer 2 detect the moisture content of the matrix layer 2, and when the pH value reaches the repairing condition, the green roof matrix is started to be repaired;
step S5, starting the electrode power supply 11, and starting the electric power restoration; when the cathode plate 8 and the anode plate 10 start to work, the matrix layer 2 generates an electric field, ions with positive charges migrate to the vicinity of the cathode in the matrix, and ions with negative charges migrate to the vicinity of the anode in the matrix, so that the concentrated treatment is carried out after enrichment is achieved;
s6, starting the ultrasonic generator 14, starting the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 to work, decomposing organic matters in the matrix by the ultrasonic device I3, keeping the porosity of the matrix and promoting the electric repair efficiency; the ultrasonic device II 6 can decompose pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 5, so that initial rainwater can be conveniently flushed;
and S7, in the matrix repairing process, the water content detector 18 and the pH detector 19 keep working, if the water content is lower than 35% or the pH value is larger than 7, the repairing work is stopped, and the matrix repairing process is restarted after the requirement is met.
And S8, repeating the steps S5 to S7 until the matrix is repaired.
Preferably, the matrix layer 2 does not need to be repaired every day, the repairing time is not less than 6h every time, and the repairing frequency and time are prolonged according to the pollution degree of the matrix.
Preferably, a power supply required by the equipment is supplied by a solar panel, and an external power supply is adopted when the power supply is insufficient; applied electric field conditions for electrokinetic remediation include: the voltage intensity is 1-2V cm -1 The current density is 0.5-5 A.m -2 (ii) a The power of the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 is 100w, and the voltage intensity is 1-1.5V cm -1 。
Preferably, the anolyte is selected from acid natural electrolyte, and the catholyte is selected from natural and nontoxic deionized water.
Preferably, in order to improve the repairing effect, a proper amount of organic acid or organic acid salt with complexing action is added into the matrix layer 2.
Preferably, the effluent turbidity and the infiltration rate change greatly before and after the in-situ repair of the matrix, and the matrix permeability and the effluent turbidity are used as auxiliary indexes of the in-situ repair effect; and performing proper repair for multiple times until a good repair effect is achieved.
Wherein, should carry out the inspection to the repair effect after once restoreing the completion, if the repair effect is good, should have following phenomenon:
a. the plant growth condition is good;
b. the surface of the substrate layer 2 is smooth and the impurity content is very low;
c. detecting the permeability of the matrix by using an instrument, wherein the value of the permeability is not less than 90% of the initial value;
d. during rainfall, the turbidity of the effluent water tends to be high and then rapidly reduced until the effect of clarification is achieved.
If the phenomena are not all generated, the repairing can be carried out properly until a good repairing effect is achieved; the repairing effect of the device is evaluated through the measurement of actual indexes and the phenomenon after repairing, and the device is proved to have a better repairing effect actually.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.
In the preferred embodiment, green roof installation scale: the 2m multiplied by 0.5m square module can be adjusted according to actual needs; scale of electrode plate: 1.8m is multiplied by 0.1m and can be adjusted according to the scale of the green roof; electrode material: one of a graphite electrode and a stainless steel electrode can be selected; the conditions of the applied electric field are as follows: the voltage intensity is 1-2V cm -1 The current density is 0.25-5 A.m -2 (ii) a The repair needs to satisfy the conditions: the water content of the matrix should be not less than 35%, and the initial pH value should be about 6 and not more than 7.
Referring to fig. 1, a green roof system for in situ remediation of a substrate includes a vegetation layer 1; a substrate layer 2; an ultrasonic device I3; a perforated plate and a permeable geotextile layer 4; a water storage and drainage layer 5; an ultrasonic device II 6; a cathode chamber 7; a cathode plate 8; an anode chamber 9; an anode plate 10; an electrode power supply 11; a catholyte storage device 12; an anolyte storage device 13; an ultrasonic generator 14; a peristaltic pump 15; a drain valve I16; a water discharge valve II 17; a moisture content detector 18; the pH detector 19 is characterized in that the vegetation layer 1 is positioned at the top, the vegetation layer 1 is an ornamental perennial herbaceous plant which is resistant to flooding and drought and has certain pollutant adsorption capacity, the ornamental perennial herbaceous plant comprises sedum aizoon, rhodiola rosea, sedum lineare, sedum sarmentosum and the like, and a certain building height is arranged around the vegetation layer 1 and is used for storing rainwater;
the matrix layer 2 is positioned below the vegetation layer 1 and provides nutrients for the vegetation layer 1, the matrix particles of the matrix layer 2 are modified soil, and the saturated water density of the matrix is 0.75-1.3 g-cm -3 The internal porosity is 65-70%, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity is not less than 58 mm.h -1 The physical properties of the matrix enable the composite to have good water yield and quality control effect when being used as a matrix material of a green roof device and can be repaired in situ.
The ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 are respectively positioned below the substrate layer 2 and the water storage and drainage layer 5, are formed by arranging ultrasonic vibrating rods and have the characteristics of high conductivity and corrosion resistance. The ultrasonic generator 14 is connected with the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6, and after the ultrasonic generator 14 is started, the ultrasonic device I3 is arranged below the substrate layer 2 and used for decomposing pollutants in the substrate, keeping the porosity of the substrate and promoting the electric repair efficiency; the ultrasonic device II 6 is arranged below the water storage and drainage layer 5 and is used for decomposing pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 5 and facilitating washing;
the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer 4 are positioned below the ultrasonic device I3;
the water storage and drainage layer 5 is positioned below the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer 4, and one side of the water storage and drainage layer 5 is provided with a high water drainage valve I16 and a low water drainage valve II 17 respectively; in the early stage of rainfall of the water storage and drainage layer 5, the drainage valve II 17 is opened, sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 5 is washed by rainwater and discharged to a sewage pipeline, after the water quality is clarified, the drainage valve II 17 is closed, the drainage valve I16 is opened, and the rainwater is overflowed and discharged to the rainwater pipeline through the drainage valve I16 for reuse;
preferably, the cathode chamber 7 is located at one side of the interior of the substrate layer 2, and the anode chamber 9 is located at the other side of the interior of the substrate layer 2.
Preferably, the cathode plate 8 is located inside the cathode chamber 7, and the anode plate 10 is located inside the anode chamber 9.
Preferably, the electrode power source 11 is connected to the cathode plate 8 and the anode plate 10 respectively. After the power is switched on, an electric field is formed in the matrix layer 2, ions with positive charges migrate to the vicinity of the cathode in the matrix, and ions with negative charges migrate to the vicinity of the anode in the matrix.
Preferably, the catholyte storage device 12 is connected to the cathode chamber 7 to provide catholyte to the cathode chamber 7; the anolyte storage device 13 is connected with the anode chamber 9 and provides anolyte for the anode chamber 9.
Preferably, the moisture content detector 18 is located in the substrate layer 2 and is used for detecting the moisture content of the substrate layer 2; the pH detector 19 is positioned in the matrix layer 2 and is used for detecting the pH value of the matrix layer 2.
Preferably, the peristaltic pump 15 can supply water to the substrate layer 2 through a water pipe connected to the water storage and drainage layer 5, so that the moisture content of the substrate layer 2 can meet the requirement during repair, and the peristaltic pump is used for plant irrigation at ordinary times.
The invention also aims to provide a use method of the green roof system for in-situ restoration of the matrix, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, during rainfall, the electrode power supply 11 is kept closed; if necessary, the ultrasonic generator 14 can be started to enable the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 to work so as to promote the infiltration capacity of the matrix;
s2, in the early stage of rainfall, closing the drainage valve I16 and opening the drainage valve II 17, and flushing and discharging pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 5 into a sewage pipeline by using early rainwater;
and S3, when the water discharged from the water discharge valve II 17 is clear, closing the water discharge valve II 17, opening the water discharge valve I16, and discharging the rainwater to a rainwater pipeline for reuse as regenerated water.
And S4, detecting the water content of the matrix layer 2 by using a water content detector 18 and a pH detector 19 which are positioned in the matrix layer 2, and starting the green roof matrix to repair when the pH value reaches the repair condition.
Step S5, starting the electrode power supply 11, and starting the electric power restoration; the cathode plate 8 and the anode plate 10 start to work, the matrix layer 2 generates an electric field, ions with positive charges migrate to the vicinity of the cathode in the matrix, and ions with negative charges migrate to the vicinity of the anode in the matrix, so that concentrated treatment is carried out after enrichment is achieved.
S6, starting the ultrasonic generator 14, starting the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 to work, and decomposing organic matters in the matrix by the ultrasonic device I3, keeping the porosity of the matrix and promoting the electric repair efficiency; the ultrasonic device II 6 can decompose pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 5, so that initial rainwater can be conveniently flushed;
and S7, in the matrix repairing process, the water content detector 18 and the pH detector 19 keep working, if the water content is lower than 35% or the pH value is larger than 7, the repairing work is stopped, and the matrix repairing process is restarted after the requirement is met.
And S8, repeating the steps S5 to S7 until the matrix is repaired.
Preferably, the repair time is: the matrix layer 2 does not need to be repaired every day, the repairing time is not less than 6h every time, and the repairing frequency and time can be prolonged according to the pollution degree of the matrix.
Preferably, the power supply required by the equipment is supplied by a solar panel, and an external power supply can be adopted when the power supply is insufficient.
Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic device I3 and the ultrasonic device II 6 is 100w, and the voltage intensity is 1-1.5V cm -1 。
Preferably, the anolyte is an acidic natural electrolyte, and the catholyte is natural and nontoxic deionized water.
Preferably, in order to improve the repairing effect, a proper amount of organic acid, organic acid salt with complexing effect and the like can be added into the matrix layer 2.
Preferably, the effluent turbidity and the infiltration rate change greatly before and after the in-situ repair of the matrix, and the matrix permeability and the effluent turbidity are used as auxiliary indexes of the in-situ repair effect; and performing proper repair for multiple times until a good repair effect is achieved.
Wherein, should repair the effect and inspect once after repairing, if repair effect is good, should be following phenomenon:
a. the plant growth condition is good;
b. the surface of the substrate layer 2 is smooth and the impurity content is very low;
c. detecting the permeability of the matrix by using an instrument, wherein the value of the permeability is not less than 90% of the initial value;
d. during rainfall, the turbidity of the effluent water tends to be high and then rapidly reduced until the effect of clarification is achieved.
If the phenomena are not all generated, the repairing can be carried out properly until a good repairing effect is achieved; the repairing effect of the device is evaluated through the measurement of actual indexes and the phenomenon after repairing, and the device is proved to have a better repairing effect actually.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A green roof system for matrix in-situ remediation comprises a vegetation layer (1), a matrix layer (2), an ultrasonic device I (3), a perforated plate, a permeable geotextile layer (4), a water storage and drainage layer (5), an ultrasonic device II (6), a cathode chamber (7), an anode chamber (9), an ultrasonic generator (14) and a peristaltic pump (15), and is characterized in that,
the vegetation layer (1) is positioned at the top, and a certain building height is arranged around the vegetation layer (1) and used for storing rainwater;
the matrix layer (2) is positioned below the vegetation layer (1) and provides nutrients for the vegetation layer (1);
the ultrasonic device I (3) and the ultrasonic device II (6) are respectively positioned below the substrate layer (2) and the water storage and drainage layer (5), and the ultrasonic device I (3) and the ultrasonic device II (6) are both connected to an ultrasonic generator (14);
the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer (4) are positioned below the ultrasonic device I (3);
the water storage and drainage layer (5) is positioned below the perforated plate and the permeable geotextile layer (4), and one side of the water storage and drainage layer (5) is sequentially provided with a drainage valve I (16) and a drainage valve II (17) which are vertically distributed;
the cathode chamber (7) is positioned at one side inside the matrix layer (2), and the anode chamber (9) is correspondingly arranged at the other side inside the matrix layer (2);
the peristaltic pump (15) is connected with the water storage and drainage layer (5) through a water pipe so as to be used for replenishing water for the matrix layer (2).
2. A green roof system for in situ remediation of a substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ultrasonic unit i (3) and said ultrasonic unit ii (6) are each comprised of an array of high conductivity, corrosion resistant ultrasonic vibrator rods.
3. A green roof system for in-situ substrate remediation according to claim 1, wherein the cathode chamber (7) is internally provided with a cathode plate (8), the anode chamber (9) is internally provided with an anode plate (10), and the cathode plate (8) and the anode plate (10) are respectively connected to an electrode power supply (11); the cathode chamber (7) is connected with a catholyte storage device (12) for providing catholyte; and the anode chamber (9) is connected with an anolyte storage device (13) for providing anolyte.
4. The green roof system for in-situ matrix restoration according to claim 3, wherein a moisture content detector (18) and a pH detector (19) are respectively arranged in the matrix layer (2) for detecting the moisture content and the pH value of the matrix layer (2).
5. The green roof system for in situ remediation of a substrate according to claim 4, wherein the method of using the green roof system comprises the steps of:
step S1, during rainfall, the electrode power supply (11) is kept closed; if necessary, the ultrasonic generator (14) is started to enable the ultrasonic device I (3) and the ultrasonic device II (6) to work, and the infiltration capacity of the matrix is promoted;
s2, in the early stage of rainfall, closing the drainage valve I (16), opening the drainage valve II (17), and flushing away pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer (5) by using early rainwater and discharging the pollutants into a sewage pipeline;
s3, when the water discharged from the water discharge valve II (17) is clear, closing the water discharge valve II (17), opening the water discharge valve I (16), and discharging the rainwater to a rainwater pipeline for use as regenerated water;
s4, a moisture content detector (18) and a pH detector (19) which are positioned in the matrix layer (2) detect the moisture content of the matrix layer (2), and when the pH value reaches a restoration condition, the green roof matrix restoration is started;
step S5, starting an electrode power supply (11), and starting electric power restoration; the cathode plate (8) and the anode plate (10) start to work, the matrix layer (2) generates an electric field, ions with positive charges migrate to the position near the cathode in the matrix, and ions with negative charges migrate to the position near the anode in the matrix, so that concentrated treatment is carried out after enrichment is achieved;
s6, starting the ultrasonic generator (14), starting the ultrasonic device I (3) and the ultrasonic device II (6), decomposing organic matters in the matrix by the ultrasonic device I (3), keeping the porosity of the matrix and promoting the electric repair efficiency; the ultrasonic device II (6) can decompose pollutants such as sludge at the bottom of the water storage and drainage layer (5) and facilitate initial rainwater washing;
s7, in the matrix repairing process, the moisture content detector (18) and the pH detector (19) keep working, if the moisture content is lower than 35% or the pH is higher than 7, the repairing work is stopped, and the repairing work is restarted after the moisture content meets the requirement;
and S8, repeating the steps S5 to S7 until the matrix is repaired.
6. The green roof system for in-situ remediation of substrates as claimed in claim 5, wherein the substrate layer (2) is not required to be remediated every day, and the remediation time is not less than 6 hours, and the remediation frequency is increased and the remediation time is prolonged according to the contamination degree of the substrates.
7. The green roof system for in-situ remediation of substrates of claim 5, wherein the power source required by the apparatus is a solar panel, and an external power source is used when the power source is insufficient; electrodynamic remediation of applied electric field conditions include: the voltage intensity is 1-2V cm -1 The current density is 0.5-5 A.m -2 (ii) a The power of the ultrasonic device I (3) and the ultrasonic device II (6) is 100w, and the voltage intensity is 1-1.5V cm -1 。
8. The green roof system for in situ remediation of claim 5, wherein the anolyte is selected from the group consisting of an acidic natural electrolyte and the catholyte is selected from the group consisting of natural non-toxic deionized water.
9. The green roof system with in-situ matrix restoration function as claimed in claim 5, wherein a proper amount of organic acid or organic acid salt with complexing function is added into the matrix layer (2) for improving restoration effect.
10. The green roof system for in-situ matrix repair according to claim 5, wherein the turbidity of the effluent and the infiltration rate are greatly changed before and after the in-situ matrix repair, and the permeability and the turbidity of the effluent of the matrix are used as auxiliary indexes of the in-situ repair effect; and performing proper repair for multiple times until a good repair effect is achieved.
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