CN115403534B - Preparation method of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride - Google Patents

Preparation method of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride Download PDF

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CN115403534B
CN115403534B CN202210958419.2A CN202210958419A CN115403534B CN 115403534 B CN115403534 B CN 115403534B CN 202210958419 A CN202210958419 A CN 202210958419A CN 115403534 B CN115403534 B CN 115403534B
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reaction
methyl
chloromethyl
triazole hydrochloride
formula
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CN115403534A (en
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赖依峰
蔡倩倩
杨阳
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Zhejiang Lover Health Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Lover Health Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D249/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D249/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C07D249/081,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride, which takes 2-chloro-N- (hydroxymethyl) acetamide as a reaction raw material, and prepares the 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride through oxidation reaction and ring closure reaction in sequence, wherein the reaction route is as follows:

Description

Preparation method of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an anti-neocrown drug intermediate 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride.
Background
3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole hydrochloride is a pharmaceutical intermediate, whose accession number CAS is: 135206-76-7, are currently used in new crown drugs in salt field. In the prior art, the preparation of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole hydrochloride is generally carried out in the following manner:
mode one:
the mode is synthesized by adopting a four-step one-pot method such as hydrogen drawing, ring closing, salification and the like by using N-methylformylhydrazine, and is the currently mainstream synthesis method. The synthesis method has the problems that the starting materials are difficult to obtain and the ring closure yield is low.
Mode two:
the route is reported in the literature, and obviously, the method has very low atom utilization rate, chlorination, serious environmental pollution, long steps and low yield.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride, which solves the technical problems of difficult raw material acquisition and high cost in the existing preparation process of the compound.
The invention takes commercially produced N-methylol chloroacetamide as a reaction raw material, and the preparation of the compound is completed through oxidation, ring closure and salification reactions, and the synthetic route is as follows:
1) Oxidation reaction: taking N-methylol chloroacetamide with the formula amount, and performing oxidation reaction in a reaction solvent to convert the N-methylol chloroacetamide into a compound shown in a formula (I);
2) Ring closure reaction: the compound shown in the formula (I) is subjected to ring closure reaction in the presence of methyl hydrazine, and then hydrochloric acid is used for salifying to prepare 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole hydrochloride shown in the formula (II);
wherein, the structural formula of the compound I is as follows: chloroacetyl formamide
The structural formula of the compound II is as follows:
further, in step 1), the reaction is performed in MnO 2 For example, the amount of oxidizing agent for the oxidation reaction is 1 to 6 molar equivalents of the starting material, preferably 4 molar equivalents.
Further, in the step 1), the organic solvent for the oxidation reaction is any one of halogenated hydrocarbon, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, NMP, DMSO, and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and the subsequent examples are exemplified by chloroform.
Further, in the step 1), the temperature of the oxidation reaction is 10-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 2-48h.
Further, in the step 1), the oxidizing agent is one of manganese dioxide, sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid.
In the step 2), the organic solvent for the ring closure reaction is any one of halohydrocarbon, tetrahydrofuran, tetrachloroethylene, dioxane, cyclohexane, toluene, NMP, DMSO and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
Further, in the step 2), the catalyst for the ring closure reaction is any one or more of p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and their pyridinium salts.
Further, in the step 2), the temperature of the ring closure reaction is 50-80 ℃ and the reaction time is 5-8h.
Further, in step 2), the pH of the ring closure reaction is 6-7.
The preparation method is simple, mild in reaction condition, easy to operate and realize, easy to obtain the needed raw materials, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solution of the present invention will be made clearly and completely in connection with specific embodiments, so as to better understand the technical solution.
Example 1
The preparation of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole hydrochloride comprises two steps of reaction: the first step is oxidation reaction, and the second step is ring closing reaction.
1) Oxidation reaction: 124g (1.00 mol) of 2-chloro-N- (hydroxymethyl) acetamide, 350g (4 mol) of manganese dioxide, 200mL of chloroform were placed in a 1L three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and mechanical stirring, and the temperature was slowly raised to 60℃for reaction under the protection of nitrogen. TLC monitors the reaction progress, after 12 hours, the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the filtration is carried out (a layer of diatomite is added in a suction filtration funnel), the filter cake is leached by chloroform, the filtrate is taken and distilled in a rotary way, 22.95g of beige solid which is the crude product of the compound of the formula I is obtained, the yield is 70%, 1 HNMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 9.15 (d, J = 9.4 Hz, 1H), 9.07 (s, 1H), 4.18 (s, 2H);
2) Ring closure reaction: 200mL of chloroform, 36g (0.3 mol,1.0 eq) of chloroacetyl formamide and 57g (0.4 mol,1.5 eq) of methylhydrazine sulfate are added into a 500mL three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a condenser and mechanically stirred, after stirring uniformly, 0.070g (0.41 eq) of p-toluenesulfonic acid is added, then the temperature is slowly heated to 50 ℃, the reaction end point is about 4 hours, 50mL of 2mol/L hydrochloric acid is added dropwise after cooling to room temperature, stirring is carried out at room temperature for 2 hours, then the pH value is regulated to 6-7 by saturated sodium carbonate solution, the aqueous layer is extracted by chloroform (100 mL multiplied by 2), the organic phases are combined, anhydrous sodium sulfate and active carbon are added, stirring is carried out for 6 hours, a hydrochloric acid ethanol solution is added dropwise under the ice water bath condition, white precipitate is obtained, and the finished product is obtained after filtration and drying is obtained. The yield thereof was found to be 65%.1HNMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3) delta 3.97 (s, 3H), 8.08 (s, 2H), 7.83 (s, 1H)
Example 2
The synthesis method was the same as that of example 1, except that 250g of 2-chloro-N- (hydroxymethyl) acetamide, 700g of manganese dioxide and 1L of chloroform were added to a 1L three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and mechanical stirring under nitrogen protection, and stirred at room temperature for 48 hours, and the obtained product was worked up according to the method of example 1, whereby the yield was 83%.
Example 3
The synthesis method is the same as the first oxidation reaction in example 1, except that the solvent is changed into dichloromethane, the reaction is carried out at room temperature, and the product yield after post-treatment is 86%.
Example 4
The synthesis method is the same as that of example 1 except that the solvent of the second ring closure reaction is modified by chloroform to prepare diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and the product yield is 60.2%.
Example 5
The synthesis was the same as in example 1 except that a small amount of copper oxide was added to the oxidant of the first oxidation reaction, and the yield of the oxidation reaction product was 74.2%.
Example 6
The synthesis was the same as in example 1 except that the catalyst for the ring closure reaction, p-toluenesulfonic acid, was increased from 0.05e to 0.1e, and the yield of the ring closure reaction was 58.7%.
Example 7
The synthesis method was the same as in example 1 except that the catalyst for the ring closure reaction was changed from p-toluenesulfonic acid to trifluoroacetic acid, and the product yield was 62.4%.
Example 8
The synthesis method is the same as in example 1, except that the catalyst of the ring closure reaction is changed from p-toluenesulfonic acid to pyridine hydrochloride, and the product yield is 66.2%.
Example 9
The synthesis method was the same as in example 1 except that the temperature of the ring closure reaction was changed from 50℃to 62℃under reflux, and the product yield was 56.2%.

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride is characterized in that the preparation method takes 2-chloro-N- (hydroxymethyl) acetamide as a reaction raw material, and the 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride is prepared by oxidation reaction and ring closure reaction in sequence, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) Oxidation reaction: under the protection of nitrogen, taking 2-chloro-N- (hydroxymethyl) acetamide and oxidant with formula amount, taking chloroform as reaction medium, and adding MnO 2 The compound chloracetyl formamide shown in the formula (I) is prepared by the reaction under the catalysis of the catalyst, wherein the structural formula of the formula (I) is as follows:
(Ⅰ);
the oxidant is manganese dioxide, and the amount of the oxidant is 4-6 molar equivalents of the raw material;
2) Ring closure reaction: the method comprises the steps of taking compound chloroacetyl formamide shown in a formula (I) and methyl hydrazine sulfuric acid as raw materials, stirring and reacting under the action of a catalyst in an organic solvent as a medium, adding hydrochloric acid when the reaction is finished, continuously stirring at room temperature, regulating the pH value of saturated sodium carbonate solution after the reaction is finished, adding chloroform for layering, extracting a water layer by using chloroform, combining organic phases, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, concentrating filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain white precipitate, namely 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride shown in a formula (II), wherein the structural formula of the formula (II) is as follows:
(Ⅱ);
the catalyst is any one or more of p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and pyridine salts thereof; the organic solvent is any one of chloroform and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
2. The process for preparing 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the oxidation reaction in step 1) is 10 to 60℃and the reaction time is 2 to 48 hours.
3. The process for the preparation of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein in step 2) the molar equivalent ratio of chloroacetylcarboxamide to methylhydrazine sulfuric acid is 1:1-4.
4. The process for preparing 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), the temperature of the ring-closure reaction is 50 to 90℃and the reaction time is 2 to 8 hours.
5. The process for the preparation of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), the pH is from 6 to 7.
CN202210958419.2A 2022-08-11 2022-08-11 Preparation method of 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2,4 triazole hydrochloride Active CN115403534B (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6413997B1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2002-07-02 Dow Agrosciences Llc 3-(substituted phenyl)-5-(substituted heterocyclyl)-1,2,4-triazole compounds
CN107879992A (en) * 2017-12-23 2018-04-06 上海晋鲁医药科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of (base of 1 methyl 1H [1,2,4] triazole 3) methanol

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6413997B1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2002-07-02 Dow Agrosciences Llc 3-(substituted phenyl)-5-(substituted heterocyclyl)-1,2,4-triazole compounds
CN107879992A (en) * 2017-12-23 2018-04-06 上海晋鲁医药科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of (base of 1 methyl 1H [1,2,4] triazole 3) methanol

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Jongbok Lee 等.Synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted-1,2,4-triazoles by microwave-assisted N-acylation of amide derivatives and the consecutive reaction with hydrazine hydrochlorides.《Tetrahedron》.2012,第68卷第2045-2051页. *

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