CN115403158A - Artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable filler and construction method - Google Patents
Artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable filler and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115403158A CN115403158A CN202211113272.3A CN202211113272A CN115403158A CN 115403158 A CN115403158 A CN 115403158A CN 202211113272 A CN202211113272 A CN 202211113272A CN 115403158 A CN115403158 A CN 115403158A
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 33
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000002629 Pelargonium odoratissimum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000006151 Pelargonium odoratissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000005273 Canna coccinea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008555 Canna flaccida Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000257727 Allium fistulosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008553 Allium fistulosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000383620 Allium mongolicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable fillers and a construction method thereof, wherein the artificial ecological wetland system comprises a foundation pit and an artificial wetland device arranged in the foundation pit; the artificial wetland device comprises at least one layer of substrate loading groove and a bottom mud layer arranged at the upper end of the substrate loading groove, wherein the substrate loading groove is used for filling wetland fillers, and the bottom mud layer is used for planting emergent aquatic plants; the bottom mud layer is also provided with a base and a rotating disc which is rotatably assembled on the base, and the rotating disc is used for planting plants; and the bottom of the artificial wetland device is also provided with a lifting device. The artificial ecological wetland system with the replaceable filler can realize dynamic replacement of the wetland filler and prevent the problems of reduced filtration and adsorption efficiency, reduced pollutant treatment capacity and the like caused by long-term use of the filler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment restoration, and particularly relates to an artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable fillers and a construction method.
Background
The artificial wetland is a comprehensive ecological system, which applies the principles of species symbiosis and material cycle regeneration in the ecological system and the coordination principle of structure and function, fully exerts the production potential of resources on the premise of promoting the virtuous cycle of pollutants in wastewater, prevents the re-pollution of the environment and obtains the best benefits of sewage treatment and resource utilization. The artificial wetland is an environment-friendly sewage treatment technology with low investment, low energy consumption, strong impact resistance and simple operation and management, and is widely applied to water quality improvement and ecological function recovery. The filler is an important component of the artificial wetland and plays a main role in removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body. In the artificial wetland, the filler can remove water pollutants through physical and chemical actions such as adsorption, precipitation, filtration and the like, and can also achieve the purpose of biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal by providing suitable conditions for microorganism attachment and plant growth. However, during the operation of the constructed wetland, the phenomenon of packing blockage occurs. Because the blockage is mainly hidden in the matrix layer below the water body, when the matrix is blocked, the replacement of the filler is extremely difficult, and the service life of the artificial wetland is directly influenced.
The artificial wetland takes the aquatic plants as main treatment plants, the wetland plants play an important role in controlling water pollution and degrading harmful substances, and the artificial wetland has a good landscape effect while treating sewage, thereby being beneficial to the improvement of ecological environment. Since the sewage treatment system is continuously operated all year round, the aquatic plants are required to grow basically normally even under severe environment, and the plants which are poorly or inadaptably adapted to natural conditions directly influence the purification effect. The sewage in the artificial wetland often has pungent peculiar smell, the problem of peculiar smell diffusion is difficult to effectively solve in the water pollution remediation process, the peculiar smell of the sewage can be effectively covered by aromatic substances emitted by aromatic plants, but the aromatic plants are difficult to grow for a long time in the artificial wetland with complex pollutant components, so that the aromatic plants are difficult to effectively apply to the artificial wetland sewage treatment technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a filler-replaceable constructed wetland system and a construction method thereof, so as to at least partially solve at least one of the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
on one hand, the invention provides an artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable fillers, which comprises a foundation pit and an artificial wetland device arranged in the foundation pit;
the constructed wetland device comprises at least one layer of substrate loading groove and a bottom mud layer arranged at the upper end of the substrate loading groove, wherein the substrate loading groove is used for filling wetland fillers, and the bottom mud layer is used for planting emergent aquatic plants;
the bottom mud layer is also provided with a base and a rotating disc which is rotatably assembled on the base, and the rotating disc is used for planting plants;
and the bottom of the artificial wetland device is also provided with a lifting device.
Furthermore, water-resisting layers are arranged on the four walls and the bottom of the foundation pit;
the size of the foundation pit is matched with the size of the artificial wetland device;
a water outlet is arranged at the lower part of the base layer;
the artificial wetland device comprises a side wall and a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the side wall, and a bottom mud layer and a substrate loading groove are respectively filled in the artificial wetland device from top to bottom;
wherein, the bottom of the bottom mud layer and the substrate loading groove are both provided with a supporting and filtering component.
Furthermore, the supporting and filtering component at the bottom of the bottom mud layer comprises a permeable grid supporting plate and permeable geotextile laid on the upper surface of the permeable grid supporting plate, and the permeable grid supporting plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the artificial wetland device;
the substrate loading groove is of a groove body structure with four closed sides, and the supporting and filtering component at the bottom of the substrate loading groove comprises a water-permeable grid bottom plate fixedly arranged at the bottom of the substrate loading groove and water-permeable geotextile laid on the upper surface of the water-permeable grid bottom plate;
the bottom supporting and filtering component of the substrate loading groove also comprises a permeable grid supporting plate for supporting the substrate loading groove, and the permeable grid supporting plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the artificial wetland device;
the bottom plate of the artificial wetland device is a water-permeable grid supporting plate for supporting the substrate loading groove at the lowest layer;
the lifting device is arranged below the bottom plate.
Furthermore, a handle is arranged on the side wall of the substrate loading groove;
a hole for pulling out the substrate loading groove is formed in the side wall of one side of the artificial wetland device;
between each layer of substrate loading groove and the permeable grid supporting plate on the upper part of the substrate loading groove, one side is provided with a sliding groove, and the other side is provided with a matched sliding rail.
Furthermore, a fixing cone is arranged at the bottom of the base, a vertically arranged and rotatable central shaft is installed on the base, and the base is fixed on the bottom mud layer through the fixing cone;
the rotating disc is a water permeable disc, the disc is divided into two areas from inside to outside, the inner area is a central planting area, and the outer area is used for planting aromatic plants;
the center of the rotating disc is provided with a round hole corresponding to the central shaft, and the disc is installed in a matching way with the central shaft.
Furthermore, the central shaft comprises an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a rotating part, the lower part is a fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly connected with the base, the bottom of the fixing part penetrates through the base and extends to the lower part of the base, and the lower end of the fixing part is fixedly connected with a fixing cone;
the fixed part body is provided with a lifting rod for adjusting the height of the rotating disc;
the rotating part sets up in the upper end of fixed part, and rotates with the fixed part and be connected, the fixed multi-disc paddle that is equipped with in outside circumference of rotating part, the outside of center pin is the fixed sleeve that is equipped with still, telescopic internal diameter is greater than the external diameter of center pin, sleeve lower part intercommunication inlet tube, the inlet tube is used for inserting sewage or running water.
Furthermore, the top of the rotating part is fixedly connected with a water delivery pipe, the side face of the lower part of the water delivery pipe is provided with a water inlet hole, the water delivery pipe is communicated with the interior of the sleeve through the water inlet hole, and the top of the water delivery pipe is connected with a spray head;
the top of the sleeve is provided with a sealing plate, the center of the sealing plate is provided with a round hole corresponding to the size of the central shaft, and the sealing plate is arranged on the upper part of the water inlet hole.
Furthermore, the sealing plate is formed by splicing more than two elastic baffles, and the tail ends of the elastic baffles are hinged with the sleeve;
the side of the water pipe is also provided with an arc-shaped water baffle, the groove of the arc-shaped water baffle faces downwards, and the arc-shaped water baffle is arranged above the sealing plate.
Furthermore, the side surface of the water conveying pipe is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing rods, one ends of the fixing rods, far away from the water conveying pipe, are provided with connecting rods, and the bottoms of the connecting rods are fixedly connected with the rotating disc;
the water guide pipe is arranged inside the fixed rod and communicated with the water delivery pipe, and a control baffle corresponding to the water guide pipe is arranged on the fixed rod and used for controlling the opening and closing of the end part of the water guide pipe.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a construction method for constructing the artificial ecological wetland system with the replaceable filler.
Compared with the prior art, the filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system and the construction method thereof have the following advantages:
(1) The artificial ecological wetland system with the replaceable filler can realize dynamic replacement of the wetland filler and prevent the problems of reduced filtration and adsorption efficiency, reduced pollutant treatment capacity and the like caused by long-term use of the filler.
(2) The problem of adaptability of aromatic plants in sewage treatment is effectively solved, and the problem of peculiar smell in the sewage treatment process of the ecological wetland is effectively solved by planting the aromatic plants in the wetland and enhancing the flow of aromatic smell in the air.
(3) Through the flowing of sewage, the water flow jet routes with various paths are constructed, the contact frequency and the contact surface of polluted water and air are improved, the oxidative decomposition of pollutants is accelerated, and meanwhile, continuous oxygen supply is provided for aquatic plants.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable fillers according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a sealing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a bottom mud layer; 2. water-permeable geotextile; 3. a permeable grid support plate; 4. a permeable mesh bottom plate; 5. a substrate loading slot; 51. a handle; 52. a slide plate; 6. a lifting device; 61. a dispersion pipe; 7. a water barrier layer; 8. a water outlet; 9. rotating the disc; 91. a central planting area; 10. a base; 11. a fixed cone; 12. a sleeve; 13. a central shaft; 131. a fixed part; 132. a rotating part; 133. a paddle; 134. a lifting rod; 14. a water delivery pipe; 141. a water inlet hole; 15. sealing plates; 151. an elastic baffle plate; 16. an arc-shaped water baffle; 17. a water inlet pipe; 18. fixing the rod; 181. a connecting rod; 19. a control baffle; 20. a spray head; 21. a controller; 211. a tap water inlet key; 212. a sewage water inlet key; 213. a master switch; 214. a lifting control key for rotating the disc; 215. a lifting control key of the lifting device; 22. a solar panel; 23. a water conduit.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable fillers, which comprises a foundation pit and an artificial wetland device arranged in the foundation pit;
the constructed wetland device comprises at least one layer of substrate loading groove 5 and a bottom mud layer 1 arranged at the upper end of the substrate loading groove 5, wherein the substrate loading groove 5 is used for filling wetland fillers, and the bottom mud layer 1 is used for planting emergent aquatic plants;
the bottom mud layer 1 is also provided with a base 10 and a rotating disc 9 which is rotatably assembled on the base 10, and the rotating disc 9 is used for planting plants;
and the bottom of the artificial wetland device is also provided with a lifting device 6. The lifting device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit, and can adopt an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic lifting device 6, and is mainly used for realizing the lifting of the artificial wetland device, realizing the dynamic replacement of wetland fillers and preventing the problems of the reduction of the filtration and adsorption efficiency and the reduction of the pollutant treatment capacity of the fillers caused by long-time use.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the lifting device 6 of the present application employs a hydraulic lifting device 6, the lifting device 6 includes four hydraulic cylinders disposed at four corners of the artificial wetland device, the lifting of the artificial wetland device is realized through the hydraulic cylinders, in order to protect the hydraulic pipelines of the hydraulic cylinders, a protection pipe is buried outside the foundation pit, the hydraulic pipelines enter the bottom of the foundation pit through the protection pipe, and then the four hydraulic cylinders are connected through a plurality of dispersion pipes 61 for realizing oil supply and oil return of the hydraulic cylinders.
Wherein, the four walls and the bottom of foundation ditch set up water barrier 7, and water barrier 7 can adopt the concrete to build, also can adopt the brick to build, and the outside is brushed waterproof material.
The size of the foundation pit is matched with the size of the artificial wetland device and is used for preventing the sludge and the sewage from overflowing after the position of the artificial wetland device changes.
And a water outlet 8 is formed in the lower part of the base layer and used for discharging the purified water body.
The artificial wetland device comprises a side wall and a bottom plate (a permeable grid supporting plate 3), wherein the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the side wall, and a bottom mud layer 1 and a matrix loading groove 5 are respectively filled in the artificial wetland device from top to bottom;
wherein, the bottom of the bottom mud layer 1 and the substrate loading groove 5 are both provided with a supporting and filtering component.
The supporting and filtering component at the bottom of the bottom mud layer 1 comprises a permeable grid supporting plate 3 and a permeable geotextile 2 laid on the upper surface of the permeable grid supporting plate 3, and the permeable grid supporting plate 3 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the artificial wetland device;
the matrix loading groove 5 is of a groove body structure with four closed sides, and the supporting and filtering component at the bottom of the matrix loading groove 5 comprises a permeable grid bottom plate 4 fixedly arranged at the bottom of the matrix loading groove 5 and permeable geotextile laid on the upper surface of the permeable grid bottom plate 4;
the bottom supporting and filtering component of the substrate loading groove 5 also comprises a permeable grid supporting plate 3 for supporting the substrate loading groove 5, and the permeable grid supporting plate 3 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the artificial wetland device;
the bottom plate of the artificial wetland device is a permeable grid supporting plate 3 for supporting the substrate loading groove 5 at the lowest layer;
the lifting device 6 is arranged below the bottom plate.
In the present application, two layers of matrix loading tanks 5 are preferably provided, wherein the upper layer of matrix loading tank 5 is filled with graded gravel packing, and the lower layer of matrix loading tank 5 is filled with biochar particles and graded gravel mixed packing.
It should be noted that the permeable grid supporting plate 3, the permeable grid bottom plate 4 and the permeable geotextile 2 can be implemented by using the prior art, and the related schemes are not described in detail.
Preferably, a handle 51 is further provided on the side wall of the substrate loading slot 5;
a hole for pulling out the substrate loading groove 5 is formed in the side wall of one side of the artificial wetland device;
between each layer of substrate loading groove 5 and the permeable grid supporting plate 3 on the upper part thereof, one side is provided with a sliding groove, and the other side is provided with a matched sliding rail.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, in the present application, semi-cylindrical slide rails are fixedly arranged on both sides of the bottom of the permeable grid support plate 3, the slide rails are arranged along the moving direction of the substrate loading groove 5, slide plates 52 are fixedly connected to both sides of the substrate loading groove 5, the slide plates 52 are arc-shaped, and the upper surfaces of the slide rails are provided with slide grooves corresponding to the slide rails, so that when the wetland filler needs to be replaced, the artificial wetland device is lifted only by using the lifting device 6 at the bottom, and then the substrate loading groove 5 is pulled out to replace the filler.
The bottom of the base 10 is provided with a fixed cone 11, a vertically arranged and rotatable central shaft 13 is mounted on the base 10, and the base 10 is fixed on the bottom mud layer 1 through the fixed cone 11;
the rotating disc 9 is a water permeable disc, the water permeable disc can be a disc with water permeable holes or a disc made of water permeable materials, the disc is divided into two areas from inside to outside, the inner area is a central planting area 91, and the outer area is used for planting aromatic plants; the central planting area 91 is planted with but not limited to watermifoil, and the aromatic plants planted in the outer areas include but are not limited to pelargonium odoratissimum and/or mint;
the center of the rotating disc 9 is provided with a round hole corresponding to the central shaft 13, and the disc is installed in a matching way with the central shaft 13.
The central shaft 13 includes an upper portion and a lower portion, the upper portion is a rotating portion 132, the lower portion is a fixing portion 131, the fixing portion 131 is fixedly connected with the base 10, the bottom of the fixing portion 131 penetrates through the base 10 and extends to the lower side of the base 10, and the lower end of the fixing portion 131 is fixedly connected with the fixing cone 11;
the body of the fixing part 131 is provided with a lifting rod 134 for adjusting the height of the rotating disc 9, the lifting rod 134 can be installed in the middle or top of the body of the fixing part 131, the lifting rod 134 is a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric lifting rod 134, and the hydraulic lifting rod 134 is preferably adopted in the application;
the rotating part 132 is arranged at the upper end of the fixing part 131 and is rotatably connected with the fixing part 131, a plurality of blades 133 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rotating part 132 in the circumferential direction, a sleeve 12 is further fixedly arranged on the outer side of the central shaft 13, the inner diameter of the sleeve 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the central shaft 13, the lower part of the sleeve 12 is communicated with a water inlet pipe 17, and the water inlet pipe 17 is used for accessing sewage or tap water;
the paddle 133 has an existing structure, and mainly functions to convert the impact force of the water flow into the force of rotation of the paddle 133 when the water flow of the water inlet pipe 17 at the bottom flows upward, thereby realizing the rotation of the rotating part 132.
Preferably, the other end of the water inlet pipe 17 is communicated with a tee joint, one port of the tee joint is used for inputting tap water, the other port of the tee joint is used for inputting sewage, water pumps and valves are arranged on pipelines for supplying the tap water and the sewage, the tap water or the sewage can be selectively input into the water inlet pipe 17, and a pressurizing pump can be additionally arranged on the pipeline for conveying the sewage to increase the pressure during sewage conveying.
It should be noted that, the rotating portion 132 is rotatably installed at the top end of the fixed portion 131 and can be implemented by using the prior art, for example, the top center position of the fixed portion 131 extends upward to form a fixed shaft, a hole corresponding to the fixed shaft is formed at the bottom of the rotating portion 132, and when the water flows upward from bottom to top, the blades 133 at the side portion of the rotating portion 132 rotate under the momentum of the water flow to drive the rotating portion 132 to rotate.
The rotational engagement of the rotating portion 132 and the fixed portion 131 is not limited to the above-described means, and other means may be used, and a bearing may be used in combination to reduce the resistance during rotation when the device is mounted.
The rotating part 132 rotates to realize the rotation of the rotating disc 9, so that the flow of the aromatic odor generated by the aromatic plants in the air is enhanced, and the problem of peculiar smell in the sewage treatment process of the ecological wetland is effectively solved.
The top of the rotating part 132 is fixedly connected with a water pipe 14, the water pipe 14 is a metal pipe with strength meeting the requirement, the side surface of the lower part of the water pipe 14 is provided with a water inlet 141, the water pipe 14 is communicated with the interior of the sleeve 12 through the water inlet 141, and the top of the water pipe 14 is connected with the spray head 20; the sewage or tap water introduced into the interior of the sleeve 12 may be introduced into the interior of the water pipe 14 through the water inlet hole 141 and then sprayed from the spray head 20 at the top of the water pipe 14.
A sealing plate 15 is arranged at the top of the sleeve 12, a circular hole corresponding to the central shaft 13 in size is formed in the center of the sealing plate 15, and the sealing plate 15 is arranged at the upper part of the water inlet 141.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sealing plate 15 is formed by splicing 4 elastic baffles 151, and the tail end of each elastic baffle 151 is hinged to the sleeve 12;
the side surface of the water conveying pipe 14 is also provided with an arc-shaped water baffle 16, the groove of the arc-shaped water baffle 16 faces downwards, and the arc-shaped water baffle 16 is arranged above the sealing plate 15.
The tail end of the elastic baffle 151 is connected with a rotating sleeve arranged at the top of the sleeve 12, a spring or a torsion spring used for pulling the elastic baffle 151 to reset is arranged in the rotating sleeve, rotating sleeve rotating shafts are arranged at two ends of the rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve can rotate around the rotating shafts, the rotating sleeve rotating shafts are fixed at the top of the sleeve 12, the 4 elastic baffles 151 are in a connected and closed state in an unstressed state (in a normal state), and are horizontally and hermetically arranged at the top of the sleeve 12, when water flow in the sleeve 12 reaches a certain pressure, the elastic baffles 151 and the rotating sleeve can rotate around the rotating sleeve rotating shafts, the elastic baffles 151 can be outwards opened, and the water flow is sprayed out from the top of the sleeve 12; the arc-shaped water baffle 16 arranged above the elastic baffle 151 can be used for blocking the ejected water flow, and the water flow with the largest flowing water can still fall into the central planting area 91 of the aquatic plants after impacting the arc-shaped water baffle 16;
a plurality of fixing rods 18 are fixedly connected to the side surface of the water pipe 14, preferably four fixing rods are adopted and arranged around the water pipe 14 in a cross manner, a connecting rod 181 is arranged at one end of each fixing rod 18, which is far away from the water pipe 14, and a rotating disc 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each connecting rod 181; the fixing rod 18 and the connecting rod 181 may be integrally formed structural members;
a water guide pipe 23 is arranged inside the fixed rod 18, the water guide pipe 23 is communicated with the water delivery pipe 14, a control baffle 19 corresponding to the water guide pipe 23 is arranged on the fixed rod 18, the control baffle 19 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the end part of the water guide pipe 23 and playing a role in retaining water, when water is sprayed out from the water guide pipe 23 at a certain flow rate, the water is shielded by the water flow control baffle 19, and the maximum flow rate state can still fall into an emergent aquatic plant planting area;
the control flap 19 can be controlled manually or electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically, not only for the purpose of the flap.
It should be noted that there are two mediums for spraying, which are sewage and tap water, respectively;
when the tap water is sprayed, the pressure of the water flow is small (the pressure can not open the elastic baffle 151), the control baffle 19 at the end part of the water guide pipe 23 rises to close the water guide pipe 23, the tap water sequentially passes through the water inlet pipe 17, the sleeve 12 and the water inlet hole 141 to enter the water conveying pipe 14, and is sprayed into the peripheral aromatic plant planting area through the spray head 20 to spray the aromatic plants, so that the aromatic plants are sprayed with pollutants;
when the sewage is sprayed, the spraying set pressure of the sewage is higher, the water flow pressure is higher (the elastic baffle 151 can be opened), the control baffle 19 which is not provided with the water guide pipe 23 is opened, and the sewage is sprayed out through the water inlet pipe 17, the sleeve 12 and the water inlet hole 141 through a plurality of channels such as the elastic baffle 151, the water guide pipe 23 and the spray head 20, so that the sewage aeration treatment is carried out.
Preferably, in order to realize the unified control of the whole system, the present application further provides a controller 21, and the controller 21 is used for controlling the system, such as controlling the lifting device 6, the lifting rod 134, the control baffle 19, the transportation of tap water or sewage, and the like.
The controller 21 is installed on the mount pad, and the bottom of mount pad is equipped with fixed awl 11, and the fixed of controller 21 of being convenient for is equipped with multiple button on the controller 21, and including but not limited to system master switch 213, elevating gear 6's elevating control key, the elevating control key of rotary disk 9, force (forcing) pump control key, running water key 211, sewage key 212 of intaking etc..
Preferably, the controller 21 is further provided with a solar panel 22, and the controller 21 is powered by the solar panel 22.
The flow of the present application is further explained with reference to specific examples:
the implementation place of the invention is selected as a water environment ecological comprehensive treatment project, the water body pollution of a project area is serious, a large amount of rural production and domestic sewage is discharged, the water body is black and odorous, eutrophication, and the BOD, COD, TSS, TP, TN and the like exceed standards, and an artificial ecological wetland is required to be constructed for sewage treatment.
Firstly, digging a foundation pit for constructing the artificial wetland, constructing a water-resisting layer 7, arranging a drain pipe and a controller 21 at a water outlet 8, installing and fixing a lifting device 6 and a hydraulic dispersion pipe 61, installing the hydraulic pipeline into a protection pipe, completing the landfill of the protection pipe, and connecting the dispersion pipe 61 with the hydraulic pipeline inside the protection pipe. The controller 21 is fixed with the cone 11 in the soil. And then an upper and a lower two-stage matrix loading grooves 5 are installed, and the upper and the lower two-stage matrix loading grooves 5 are respectively filled with graded gravel, biochar particles and graded gravel mixed filler. And filling bottom mud in the bottom mud layer 1, placing the rotating disc 9 and the base 10 in the center of the whole water tank, and continuously filling the bottom mud to ensure that the rotating disc 9 keeps stable. Planting pelargonium odoratissimum and mint in the peripheral area of the rotating disc 9, planting watermifoil in the central planting area 91, and planting emergent aquatic plants including but not limited to canna, allium mongolicum regel, rush and the like in the bottom mud layer 1; and (3) starting a main switch 213, starting a tap water inlet key 211 and a sewage inlet key 212, injecting the sewage diluted by the tap water into the wetland system to the planting depth of the plants, and adjusting a lifting control key of the rotating disc 9 to ensure that the bottom of the rotating disc 9 is just immersed into a sewage layer. In the early stage of planting the aromatic plants, the plants are lifted once every 3 days, then tap water is sprayed for 25 minutes, and then the plants sink into sewage for soaking after 2 days, the soaking time is prolonged to 5 days after 40 days of operation of the method, the tap water spraying time is shortened to 10 minutes, the plants are lifted and then sink into the sewage for soaking after 1 day, the pollution resistance of the aromatic plants is remarkably improved, and the survival rate is gradually improved; after the wetland system runs for a long time, the lifting control key of the lifting device 6 is started to lift the height of the whole wetland system, the handle 51 of the substrate loading groove 5 is pulled to complete the cleaning or replacement of the substrate loading groove 5, and then the lifting control key of the lifting device 6 is started to adjust the wetland system to the original position.
By constructing the artificial system in the invention, the ecological environment quality of project areas is greatly improved, the sewage treatment efficiency is improved by more than 17%, the survival rate of plants such as the pelargonium odoratissimum and the mint reaches more than 90%, and the aromatic substances of the pelargonium odoratissimum are fully released by the rotation of the 22 water-permeable rotating aromatic plant planting disc, so that the peculiar smell of the sewage is effectively covered. The survival rate of the aquatic plants such as canna, allium fistulosum and the like reaches more than 94 percent, the landscape effect is good, and the social benefit, the ecological benefit and the economic benefit are obvious.
The invention also provides a construction method for constructing the filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system, which comprises but is not limited to the construction of models, structures and operation methods.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system is characterized by comprising a foundation pit and an artificial wetland device arranged in the foundation pit;
the artificial wetland device comprises at least one layer of substrate loading groove and a bottom mud layer arranged at the upper end of the substrate loading groove, wherein the substrate loading groove is used for filling wetland fillers, and the bottom mud layer is used for planting emergent aquatic plants;
the bottom mud layer is also provided with a base and a rotating disc which is rotatably assembled on the base, and the rotating disc is used for planting plants;
and the bottom of the artificial wetland device is also provided with a lifting device.
2. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that: water-resisting layers are arranged on the four walls and the bottom of the foundation pit;
the size of the foundation pit is matched with the size of the artificial wetland device;
a water outlet is formed in the lower part of the base layer;
the artificial wetland device comprises a side wall and a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the side wall, and a bottom mud layer and a substrate loading groove are respectively filled in the artificial wetland device from top to bottom;
wherein, the bottom of sediment layer and matrix loading groove all sets up the support filter assembly.
3. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system of claim 2, wherein: the supporting and filtering component at the bottom of the bottom mud layer comprises a permeable grid supporting plate and permeable geotextile laid on the upper surface of the permeable grid supporting plate, and the permeable grid supporting plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the artificial wetland device;
the substrate loading groove is of a groove body structure with four closed sides, and the supporting and filtering component at the bottom of the substrate loading groove comprises a water-permeable grid bottom plate fixedly arranged at the bottom of the substrate loading groove and water-permeable geotextile laid on the upper surface of the water-permeable grid bottom plate;
the bottom supporting and filtering component of the substrate loading groove also comprises a water permeable grid supporting plate for supporting the substrate loading groove, and the water permeable grid supporting plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the artificial wetland device;
the bottom plate of the artificial wetland device is a water-permeable grid supporting plate for supporting the substrate loading groove at the lowest layer;
the lifting device is arranged below the bottom plate.
4. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system of claim 3, wherein: a handle is also arranged on the side wall of the substrate loading groove;
a hole for pulling out the substrate loading groove is formed in the side wall of one side of the artificial wetland device;
between each layer of substrate loading groove and the permeable grid supporting plate on the upper part of the substrate loading groove, one side is provided with a sliding groove, and the other side is provided with a matched sliding rail.
5. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bottom of the base is provided with a fixed cone, a vertically arranged and rotatable central shaft is arranged on the base, and the base is fixed on the bottom mud layer through the fixed cone;
the rotating disc is a water permeable disc, the disc is divided into two areas from inside to outside, the inner area is a central planting area, and the outer area is used for planting aromatic plants;
the center of the rotating disc is provided with a round hole corresponding to the central shaft, and the disc is installed in a matching way with the central shaft.
6. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the central shaft comprises an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a rotating part, the lower part is a fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly connected with the base, the bottom of the fixing part penetrates through the base and extends to the lower part of the base, and the lower end of the fixing part is fixedly connected with a fixing cone;
the fixed part body is provided with a lifting rod for adjusting the height of the rotating disc;
the rotating part sets up in the upper end of fixed part, and rotates with the fixed part and be connected, the fixed multi-disc paddle that is equipped with in outside circumference of rotating part, the outside of center pin is the fixed sleeve that is equipped with still, telescopic internal diameter is greater than the external diameter of center pin, sleeve lower part intercommunication inlet tube, the inlet tube is used for inserting sewage or running water.
7. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system of claim 6, which is characterized in that: the top of the rotating part is fixedly connected with a water delivery pipe, the side surface of the lower part of the water delivery pipe is provided with a water inlet, the water delivery pipe is communicated with the interior of the sleeve through the water inlet, and the top of the water delivery pipe is connected with a spray head;
the top of the sleeve is provided with a sealing plate, the center of the sealing plate is provided with a round hole corresponding to the size of the central shaft, and the sealing plate is arranged on the upper part of the water inlet hole.
8. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system of claim 7, wherein: the sealing plate is formed by splicing more than two elastic baffles, and the tail ends of the elastic baffles are hinged with the sleeve;
the side of the water conveying pipe is also provided with an arc-shaped water baffle, the groove of the arc-shaped water baffle faces downwards, and the arc-shaped water baffle is arranged above the sealing plate.
9. The filler-replaceable artificial ecological wetland system of claim 7, wherein: the side surface of the water conveying pipe is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing rods, one end of each fixing rod, far away from the water conveying pipe, is provided with a connecting rod, and the bottom of each connecting rod is fixedly connected with a rotating disc;
the water guide pipe is arranged inside the fixed rod and communicated with the water delivery pipe, and a control baffle corresponding to the water guide pipe is arranged on the fixed rod and used for controlling the opening and closing of the end part of the water guide pipe.
10. A method of construction, characterized by: an artificial ecological wetland system for constructing a replaceable filler according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202211113272.3A CN115403158B (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable filler and construction method |
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| CN202211113272.3A CN115403158B (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Artificial ecological wetland system with replaceable filler and construction method |
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| CN115403158B CN115403158B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116177817A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-30 | 陈能海 | Integrated sewage treatment station |
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| CN115403158B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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