CN115403144B - Polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier, preparation method and substrate sludge modification method - Google Patents

Polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier, preparation method and substrate sludge modification method Download PDF

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CN115403144B
CN115403144B CN202210990851.XA CN202210990851A CN115403144B CN 115403144 B CN115403144 B CN 115403144B CN 202210990851 A CN202210990851 A CN 202210990851A CN 115403144 B CN115403144 B CN 115403144B
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modifier
bentonite
habitat
water body
polluted water
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CN115403144A (en
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袁子琦
宋晓光
储耀
常逸飞
贾月婷
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PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
Zhejiang Huadong Engineering Construction Management Co Ltd
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PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
Zhejiang Huadong Engineering Construction Management Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier, a preparation method and a substrate sludge modification method, wherein the method comprises the following steps of 1) spraying an aqueous solution of bentonite to the surface layer of the polluted water body, and standing for 24-48 hours after the addition is completed; step 2) spraying an aqueous solution of a substrate sludge habitat modifier to the surface layer of the polluted water body; step 3) planting corresponding submerged plants according to requirements; step 4) secondarily spraying and adding an aqueous solution of the substrate sludge habitat modifier to the surface layer of the polluted water body; the habitat modifier is modified bentonite; the modified bentonite comprises bentonite and an iron-carbon nano layer compound loaded on the surface layer of the bentonite, wherein the iron is Fe 3 O 4 . The improved method has the functions of water body adsorption, sediment isolation, pollutant degradation and transfer; the operation is simple and convenient, and the addition of the habitat modifier according to the flow of the application can effectively reduce the cost; the material is simple and easy to obtain, has no secondary pollution, and can be used as a microbial carrier to be remained in water all the time.

Description

Polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier, preparation method and substrate sludge modification method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier, and preparation and application thereof.
Background
Along with the improvement of life quality, environmental protection requirements are also improved, and river restoration becomes one of main factors for improving ecological aspects of cities and villages. The river course itself has had apparent self-repairing function through submerged plant, sediment microorganism etc. but because receive exogenous pollution for a long time, river course sediment has stored a large amount of rubbish and pollutant, and a large amount of submerged plant is lost gradually because factors such as pollution is serious, sediment is poor quality, water opacity to lead to the river course to lose original effect.
In situ masking techniques, in situ oxidation techniques, and in situ passivation techniques are currently widely accepted endogenous pollution control techniques internationally. The in-situ masking technique is to place one or more layers of coverings on the polluted bottom mud to isolate the polluted bottom mud from the water body and prevent the bottom mud pollutants from migrating to the water body. In-situ oxidation is mainly to add chemical oxidant into polluted bottom mud or oxygenate water body above sediment so as to reduce migration and biotoxicity of pollutants. Both processes have a great influence on the original water body and pollution of the river channel. The passivation material is added to the in-situ passivation surface to generate precipitation so as to stabilize pollutants in the bottom mud, the technology is favorable for relieving endogenous pollution and providing an environmental basis for subsequent ecological restoration, the problem of curing agent saturation still exists, and secondary hazard still exists after 5-10 years.
Chinese patent application CN201811592091.7 discloses a high-efficiency bottom mud curing agent and preparation thereof, the high-efficiency bottom mud curing agent comprises, by weight: 15-30% of cement, 20-30% of fly ash, 5-15% of gypsum, 3-7% of ferric oxide, 2-5% of heavy metal capturing agent, 2-5% of heavy metal stabilizer and 20-35% of slag. Chinese patent application CN202010367544.7 discloses a heavy metal contaminated bottom mud curing agent, including curing powder and curing liquid agent that cooperate to use, the curing powder includes following raw materials by weight: 25-35 parts of heavy metal stabilizer, 1-5 parts of water glass, 2-4 parts of modified chitosan, 1.5-2 parts of ammonium persulfate and 1-2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, wherein the curing liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-10 parts of sodium polystyrene sulfonate and 0.5-1.5 parts of glutaraldehyde. The Chinese patent application CN202010365446.X discloses a lake sediment curing agent which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of polyaluminum chloride, 1-2 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 25-35 parts of modified shell powder, 10-15 parts of polyacrylamide, 1-1.5 parts of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, 0.5-1 part of acrylic acid and 5-10 parts of accelerator. The main principle of the technology disclosed in the documents is that pollutants in a water body, particularly heavy metals, are adsorbed and settled at the river bottom by an adsorption principle of an adsorbent, the pollutants cannot be converted and degraded, the risks of secondary diffusion exist, and particularly when a curing agent is adsorbed and saturated, dredging treatment is still needed, so that the symptoms are difficult to treat.
Chinese patent application CN202010944323.1 discloses a bottom mud improver comprising: 55-70% of an adhesion carrier; 27-32% of microbial agent; 2-6% of potassium hydrogen persulfate; and 0.5 to 8% of a percarbamide. Chinese patent application CN201810518663.0 discloses a black and odorous water body bottom mud modifier, which comprises the following raw materials: 20-40% of potassium ferrate, 25-35% of quicklime, 5-10% of polyaluminium chloride, 5-15% of potassium persulfate and 15-25% of zeolite. Chinese patent application CN202010802589.2 discloses a black and odorous water body bottom mud modifier which comprises potassium ferrate, polyaluminium chloride, composite thalli, a defoaming agent, starch, zeolite and the like, wherein the composite thalli consists of photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis according to the mass ratio of 3-5:2-4:1-3:1-3. The substrate sludge modifier disclosed in these documents is mainly aimed at optimizing the components, dissolved oxygen, etc. of the substrate sludge of the river channel by chemical agents, adsorbents, microorganisms, etc., and is partly a disposable agent effect or as a pure inorganic "fertilizer". However, the oxidation reaction of the technology can have a certain influence on original ecological plants and animals in the water body, if excessive addition can cause serious damage to the original ecological environment, the addition is insufficient, the improvement effect of the bottom mud is difficult to be reflected, and therefore, the technology has poor operability and poor effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier, a preparation method and a polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge modification method, and simultaneously has the functions of water body adsorption, substrate sludge isolation, pollutant degradation and transfer; the operation is simple and convenient; no secondary pollution.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a ecological environment modifier for polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge is characterized in that the ecological environment modifier is modified bentonite, the modified bentonite comprises bentonite and an iron-carbon nano layer compound loaded on the surface layer of the bentonite, and the iron is Fe 3 O 4 。
According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides a preparation method of a polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge habitat modifier is characterized in that the modified bentonite is prepared by the following method:
adding 15-20 parts by weight of iron reagent and 30-40 parts by weight of sugar into 1000 parts by weight of glycol aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, immersing bentonite in the mixed solution for 10-20 min, leaching the bentonite, and then placing in an air or oxygen environment for drying and grinding;
calcining the ground bentonite in nitrogen environment at 500-600deg.C for 10-30min to convert sugar into carbon particles, introducing hydrogen, calcining at 300-380deg.C for 10-30min to convert iron element into Fe 3 O 4 And then introducing nitrogen gas to cool the mixture.
The too low temperature of calcination by introducing hydrogen can lead to the existence of iron element in the form of ferric oxide, and the too high temperature can lead to the complete reduction of the iron element into elemental iron or extremely unstable ferrous oxide.
Optionally, the iron reagent is one or more of ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfate.
Optionally, in the glycol aqueous solution, the volume ratio of glycol to water is 8-15:1.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for improving the sediment of a submerged plant in a polluted water body, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for improving the bottom mud of the polluted water body submerged plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1), spraying an aqueous solution of bentonite to the surface layer of the polluted water body, and standing for 24-48 hours after the addition is completed;
step 2), spraying an aqueous solution added with the bottom mud habitat modifier on the surface layer of the polluted water body;
step 3), planting corresponding submerged plants according to requirements;
step 4), secondarily spraying the aqueous solution of the bottom mud habitat modifier on the surface layer of the polluted water body;
the bottom mud habitat modifier is the bottom mud habitat modifier.
The following provides several alternatives, but not as additional limitations to the above-described overall scheme, and only further additions or preferences, each of which may be individually combined for the above-described overall scheme, or may be combined among multiple alternatives, without technical or logical contradictions.
Before the step 1), the pollution degree and the water ecological environment of the river channel and the sediment are investigated, wherein the pollution degree mainly comprises the water quality parameters of the river channel and the sediment: investigation of indexes of ammonia nitrogen, COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus; the water ecological environment mainly comprises sediment microorganisms and submerged plant condition investigation.
The investigation result shows that the pollution is serious (the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the general sediment is above 200mg/kg, the total phosphorus is above 500 mg/kg) and the water body with poor aquatic ecological environment also comprises: the river channel is subjected to a dredging pretreatment step, wherein the dredging depth is 20-30cm, and if the sediment depth is shallower, the dredging depth is not more than 1/3-1/2 of the sediment depth; this step is not required to pollute a general water body with better water ecological environment.
Step 1) spraying bentonite aqueous solution to a river channel, wherein the step has two effects, namely, clarifying the water body, removing macromolecular pollutants, granular garbage and the like in the water body, and the step 1) is a pretreatment effect, so that the adsorption effect of a subsequent habitat modifier on the water body is improved; secondly, as an in-situ masking function, the original river sediment is covered with a layer of mudThe layer masking material reduces the outward diffusion of pollutants in the original sediment, can reduce the secondary pollution of the river channel caused by the sediment diffusion, and can also avoid the waste of the habitat modifier on the adsorbed sediment diffusion to the greatest extent, thereby improving the utilization rate of the habitat modifier. Preferably, the addition amount of bentonite is 3-5 kg/m 2 The bentonite with the dosage is dissolved into water solution and then evenly sprayed on the surface layer of the river channel. Excessive addition amount can cause resource waste, and the composition of the bottom mud is changed in transition; too little addition can lead to the substrate sludge to spread outwards beyond the layer, and the river channel can not be fully pretreated.
And 2) by scattering the habitat modifier to the river channel, the total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and other soluble pollutants in the water body can be deeply adsorbed, and a three-function preliminary passivation layer with the functions of adsorbing the water body pollutants and isolating the diffusion of bottom mud and the synchronous degradation of the pollutants is formed at the river bottom. Preferably, the addition amount of the habitat modifier is 0.5-1.5 kg/m 2 The ecological modifier is dissolved into water solution and sprayed onto the surface of river channel. Too much dosage results in data waste, also results in the generation effect of modifier pollutants at the bottom, and too little dosage results in insufficient treatment effect.
Step 3) planting submerged plants matched with the local environment in a conventional manner. Such as hydrilla verticillata, goldfish algae, foxtail algae, kucao, malaytea scurfpea, curly pondweed, etc.
And 4) secondarily spraying the habitat modifier to the river channel, so that the passivation layer damaged by planting can be repaired, and the water body can be secondarily adsorbed, so that the clarity of the water body is improved to the greatest extent, and the survival activity of submerged plants is improved. Preferably, the addition amount of the habitat modifier is 0.8-2.0 kg/m 2 The ecological modifier is dissolved into water solution and sprayed onto the surface of river channel. The addition is fixed on the surface layer of the river bottom mud, the addition amount is too small, the water body adsorption capacity and the bottom mud blocking capacity are insufficient, the addition amount is too large, the resource waste is caused, and the light absorption capacity of submerged plants can be shielded.
The habitat modifier provided by the invention is added into water, and can be used as a microbial carrier to quickly form a natural microbial film, so that the water purifying capacity is improved.
Optionally, the modified bentonite can be mixed with conventional microbial agents for river water treatment, such as common nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and the like, and can accelerate the formation of a biological film when mixed with the microbial agents. When the modified bentonite and the microbial agent are mixed for use, the modified bentonite and the microbial agent are mixed into the substrate sludge habitat modifier, the mixing ratio is 8-50:1, and then the substrate sludge habitat modifier is dissolved in water and uniformly scattered into a river channel. Too much mixing of microorganisms can result in resource waste and variation of dominant flora in the river channel, and too little can result in too slow biofilm efficiency.
The main component of the habitat modifier of the invention is bentonite with a surface modified iron-carbon nano layer, and the main component of iron is Fe 3 O 4 The main functions of the multifunctional electric heating cooker are as follows:
1) The carbon nano layer improves the specific surface area of bentonite, and the original bentonite has larger pores and is mainly used for adsorbing large-particle pollutants, and small-particle pollutants, organic matters, heavy metals, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the water body can be adsorbed after the carbon nano layer is modified.
2)Fe 3 O 4 The components can effectively improve the surface adsorption of the modifier to nitrogen and phosphorus in the river channel (which is different from PAC or poly-iron and other materials, and removes phosphate by forming aluminum phosphate precipitate), and the adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus can be adsorbed by submerged plants to be absorbed as secondary nutrient substances.
3) The ecological environment modifier is an excellent conductive biocompatible material due to the fact that the surface carbon material is modified by loading, and the huge specific surface area of the ecological environment modifier enables added microorganisms and microorganisms in a river channel to easily form a biological film on the surface of the modifier, so that elements such as organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and the like are degraded.
4)Fe 3 O 4 The organic material is an electronic conductor, can replace nano materials such as conductive microorganisms and the like, so that electrons generated by degrading organisms by microorganisms can be transmitted to other internal microorganisms by the material, thereby denitrification is generated, and pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and the like in a river channel can be synchronously nitrified and denitrified to be degraded into nitrogen.
All the components are mutually cooperated to improve the improvement effect.
Sugar in the raw material is a common carbohydrate, which is converted to carbon after calcination, forming part of the surface modification, and as an optional component of sugar, for example, can be selected from sucrose, glucose, and the like.
The invention provides a material with the functions of passivating agent adsorption and biochemical filler degradation, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended organic matters and the like in a water body are adsorbed through the adsorption function, and then the pollutants are transferred and degraded through submerged plants and biological films. Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) Simultaneously has the functions of water body adsorption, sediment isolation, pollutant degradation and transfer;
(2) The operation is simple and convenient, and the habitat modifier is added according to the patent flow, so that the cost can be effectively reduced;
(3) The material is simple and easy to obtain, has no secondary pollution, and can be used as a microbial carrier to be remained in water all the time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM electron microscope image of bentonite and modified bentonite in example 1, in which a is bentonite and b is modified bentonite prepared according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an XPS spectrum of the modified bentonite of example 1.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Example 1 preparation of substrate sludge habitat modifier
Step 1, preparing an ethylene glycol aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of ethylene glycol to water of 10:1, adding 15-20 parts by weight of iron reagent and 30-40 parts by weight of sugar into 1000 parts by weight of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution, wherein the specific types and the specific components of the addition are shown in Table 1:
sequence number Ferrous chloride Sucrose
1# 20 parts by weight 35 parts by weight
2# 15 parts by weight 40 parts by weight
3# 20 parts by weight 30 parts by weight
And 2, immersing bentonite in the solution in the step 1 for 15 minutes.
And 3, leaching the bentonite into an aqueous solution, drying in air or oxygen at 90 ℃, and grinding to 100-300 meshes, wherein the bentonite is reddish brown.
Step 4, placing bentonite in a nitrogen environment, calcining for 20 minutes at 550 ℃, converting sugar into carbon particles, then introducing hydrogen, calcining for 20 minutes at 350 ℃,conversion of elemental iron to Fe 3 O 4 And then introducing nitrogen gas to cool the bentonite to obtain modified bentonite, which is respectively marked as 1# modified bentonite, 2# modified bentonite and 3# modified bentonite. At this time, the modified bentonite is black and needs to be stored in a sealed manner.
An SEM electron microscope image of bentonite and modified bentonite (1 # modified bentonite) is shown in fig. 1, wherein a is bentonite, and b is modified bentonite. SEM image b shows that the bentonite has a large number of nanoparticles (< 0.1 μm) on the surface of the particles, and XPS image a shows that the nanoparticles are carbon nanoparticles.
The XPS spectrum of the modified bentonite is shown in figure 2, wherein a is carbon-loaded bentonite; c is iron-carbon supported bentonite; b is Fe peak of Fe-C supported bentonite; d is the peak of the iron-carbon supported bentonite O. Through two peak-splitting comparison, the Fe on the surface layer of the carbon-loaded bentonite can be confirmed 3 O 4 。
Example 2
The component contents were the same as those of the modified bentonite # 1 in example 1, except that ferrous chloride was replaced with ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfate, respectively, and the prepared modified bentonite was designated as modified bentonite # 4, modified bentonite # 5 and modified bentonite # 6.
Example 3 preparation of substrate sludge habitat modifier
Step 1: an aqueous ethylene glycol solution was prepared at a volume ratio of ethylene glycol to water of 10:1, and 20 parts by weight of ferrous chloride and 35 parts of sucrose (same as # 1 in Table 1) were added to 1000 parts by weight of the aqueous ethylene glycol solution.
And 2, immersing bentonite in the solution in the step 1 for 10 minutes.
And 3, leaching the bentonite into an aqueous solution, drying in the air or oxygen environment at 80 ℃, and grinding to 100-300 meshes, wherein the bentonite is reddish brown.
Step 4, calcining bentonite at 500 ℃ for 30 minutes in nitrogen, converting sugar into carbon particles, then introducing hydrogen, calcining at 300 ℃ for 30 minutes, and converting iron element into Fe 3 O 4 And then introducing nitrogen gas to cool the bentonite to obtain the modified bentonite, namely 7# modified bentonite. At this time, the modified bentonite is black and needs to be stored in a sealed manner.
Example 4 modifier preparation
Step 1: an aqueous ethylene glycol solution was prepared at a volume ratio of ethylene glycol to water of 10:1, and 20 parts by weight of ferrous chloride and 35 parts of sucrose (same as # 1 in Table 1) were added to 1000 parts by weight of the aqueous ethylene glycol solution.
And 2, immersing bentonite in the solution in the step 1 for 10 minutes.
And 3, leaching the bentonite into an aqueous solution, drying in the air or oxygen environment at 100 ℃, and grinding to 100-300 meshes, wherein the bentonite is reddish brown.
Step 4, calcining bentonite at 600 ℃ for 10 minutes in nitrogen, converting sugar into carbon particles, then introducing hydrogen, calcining at 380 ℃ for 10 minutes, and converting iron element into Fe 3 O 4 And then introducing nitrogen gas to cool the bentonite to obtain the modified bentonite, namely 8# modified bentonite. At this time, the modified bentonite is black and needs to be stored in a sealed manner.
Example 5 method for improving ecological environment of polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge
Step 1, investigating pollution degree and water ecological environment of river and bottom mud, wherein the pollution degree mainly comprises water quality parameters of river water and bottom mud: investigation of indexes of ammonia nitrogen, COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus; the water ecological environment mainly comprises sediment microorganism and submerged plant condition investigation;
step 2, dredging pretreatment is carried out on a river channel, wherein the dredging depth is 20-30cm, if the sediment depth is shallower, the dredging depth is not more than 1/3-1/2 of the sediment depth, and the step 2 is not needed for polluting general water bodies with better water ecological environment; in this example, no dredging treatment was required after investigation.
Step 3, spraying an aqueous solution of bentonite to the surface layer of the river channel, and standing for 36 hours after the addition is completed; in this step, the addition amount of bentonite was 4kg/m 2 The bentonite of this dosage is dissolved into aqueous solution by extracting river water and then sprayed uniformly to the surface layer of the river channel, the water amount of the dissolved bentonite is sufficient to dissolve the bentonite and the spraying is convenient only, in this embodiment, the mass is concentratedThe degree is preferably 50-100g/L, and the mass concentration in this example is 75g/L.
The powder medicament can be put on a ship, quantitatively poured into a 1 ton medicament dissolving barrel, and simultaneously quantitatively pumped into the medicament dissolving barrel by a water pump, so that the water solution with the concentration basically maintained in the medicament dissolving barrel can be sprayed on the surface of a river channel in a self-flowing spraying mode through a porous drain pipe,
step 4, spraying and adding a habitat modifier aqueous solution to the surface layer of the river channel; in this step, the addition amount of the habitat modifier was 1kg/m 2 The added amount of the habitat modifier is dissolved into water solution by water and then uniformly sprayed on the surface layer of the river channel, the water amount for dissolving the habitat modifier can fully dissolve the habitat modifier and is convenient to spray only, the mass concentration is preferably 50-100g/L in the embodiment, and the mass concentration is 75g/L in the embodiment.
Step 5, planting corresponding submerged plants according to requirements; in this example, there is planted Sargassum.
Step 6, secondary spraying and adding the aqueous solution of the habitat modifier to the surface layer of the river channel, wherein the adding amount of the habitat modifier is 1.5kg/m 2 The added amount of the habitat modifier is dissolved into water solution by water and then uniformly sprayed on the surface layer of the river channel, the water amount for dissolving the habitat modifier can fully dissolve the habitat modifier and is convenient to spray only, the mass concentration is preferably 50-100g/L in the embodiment, and the mass concentration is 75g/L in the embodiment.
The treatment results of the 1# to 8# habitat modifiers (i.e., 8# modified bentonite) are shown in table 2:
as shown in the results of table 2, the improvement of the iron content in the modifier is beneficial to the removal of total phosphorus and total nitrogen, the improvement of the carbon source is beneficial to the removal of organic matters, the pollutant removal effect of the 1# modifier is most balanced and excellent, and the proportion of the carbon source and the iron content can be adjusted according to the weight, namely the concentration, of pollutants to be degraded in each water body.
Example 6
By implementation ofThe test results of the 1# habitat modifier in example 5 were used as a comparison. Example 6A 1# habitat modifier was also used, except that the bentonite was added in an amount of 3kg/m in step 3 2 The addition amount of the habitat modifier in the step 4 is 1.5kg/m 2 The addition amount of the habitat modifier in the step 6 is 0.8kg/m 2 . The treatment results are shown in table 3:
the initial effect is remarkable due to the increase of the adding amount of the modifier in the step 4, but the treatment effect is inferior to that of # 1 of the embodiment 5 after two weeks, probably due to the insufficient adding amount of the modifier in the step 6, the damaged surface layer of the modifier after the plant is planted cannot be repeatedly repaired, and the pollutants in the bottom mud of a part of areas are continuously diffused.
Example 7
The test results of the 1# habitat modifier in example 5 were used as a comparison. Example 7A 1# habitat modifier was also used, except that the bentonite was added in an amount of 5kg/m in step 3 2 The addition amount of the habitat modifier in the step 4 is 0.5kg/m 2 The addition amount of the habitat modifier in the step 6 is 2kg/m 2 . The treatment results are shown in Table 4:
as can be seen from the results of tables 3 and 4, the addition amount of the habitat modifier in the step 4 determines the immediate ecological restoration effect, and mainly directly acts on the adsorption removal of pollutants in the water body, while the addition amount in the step 6 mainly affects the long-term ecological restoration effect, probably because it repairs the passivation layer on the surface layer of the bottom mud, prevents the release of the pollutants and transfers the adsorbed pollutants to the microbial degradation.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (6)

1. A ecological environment modifier for polluted water body submerged plant substrate sludge is characterized in that the ecological environment modifier is modified bentonite, the modified bentonite comprises bentonite and an iron-carbon nano layer compound loaded on the surface layer of the bentonite, and the iron is Fe 3 O 4 ；
The modified bentonite is prepared by the following method:
adding 15-20 parts by weight of iron reagent and 30-40 parts by weight of sucrose into 1000 parts by weight of glycol aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, immersing bentonite in the mixed solution for 10-20 min, leaching the bentonite, and then placing in an air or oxygen environment for drying and grinding;
calcining the ground bentonite in nitrogen environment at 500-600deg.C for 10-30min to convert sugar into carbon particles, introducing hydrogen, calcining at 300-380deg.C for 10-30min to convert iron element into Fe 3 O 4 Then introducing nitrogen gas to cool the mixture to obtain the product;
the iron reagent is one or more of ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfate.
2. A method for modifying a substrate sludge of a polluted water body submerged plant using the habitat modifier of claim 1, comprising:
step 1), spraying an aqueous solution of bentonite to the surface layer of the polluted water body, and standing for 24-48 hours after the addition is completed;
step 2), spraying an aqueous solution of a bottom mud habitat modifier to the surface layer of the polluted water body;
step 3), planting corresponding submerged plants according to requirements;
step 4), secondarily spraying and adding an aqueous solution of the substrate sludge habitat modifier to the surface layer of the polluted water body;
the bottom mud habitat modifier is the bottom mud habitat modifier.
3. The method for modifying the sediment of a submerged plant in a body of polluted water as claimed in claim 2, further comprising: when the water body is a river channel water body, the method comprises a pretreatment step of dredging the river channel, wherein the dredging depth is 20-30cm or is not more than 1/3-1/2 of the sediment depth.
4. The method for improving the sediment of the submerged plants in the polluted water body according to claim 2, wherein the addition amount of the bentonite in the step 1) is 3-5 kg/m 2 。
5. The method for improving the sediment of the submerged plants in the polluted water body according to claim 2, wherein the adding amount of the habitat modifier in the step 2) is 0.5-1.5 kg/m 2 。
6. The method for improving the sediment of the submerged plants in the polluted water body according to claim 2, wherein the adding amount of the habitat modifier in the step 4) is 0.8-2.0 kg/m 2 。
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107243332A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-10-13 芜湖市鹏磊新材料有限公司 A kind of bentone adsorbent for loading kayexalate modified Nano iron and preparation method thereof
CN109794222A (en) * 2019-01-07 2019-05-24 广西大学 A kind of organic decoration Magnetic Bentonite and its preparation method and application

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107243332A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-10-13 芜湖市鹏磊新材料有限公司 A kind of bentone adsorbent for loading kayexalate modified Nano iron and preparation method thereof
CN109794222A (en) * 2019-01-07 2019-05-24 广西大学 A kind of organic decoration Magnetic Bentonite and its preparation method and application

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