CN115395054A - Fuel cell air filtering device capable of independently replacing harmful gas filtering structure - Google Patents

Fuel cell air filtering device capable of independently replacing harmful gas filtering structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115395054A
CN115395054A CN202211081677.3A CN202211081677A CN115395054A CN 115395054 A CN115395054 A CN 115395054A CN 202211081677 A CN202211081677 A CN 202211081677A CN 115395054 A CN115395054 A CN 115395054A
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layer
filter element
filter
filtering
shell
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Inventor
王卫东
苗攀
林志磊
崔鹏鹏
苗朝雨
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PINGYUAN FILTER CO Ltd
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PINGYUAN FILTER CO Ltd
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Priority to CN202211081677.3A priority Critical patent/CN115395054A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • B01D46/64—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/88—Replacing filter elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/266—Drying gases or vapours by filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/45—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for electronic devices, e.g. computers, hard-discs, mobile phones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell air filtering device with a harmful gas filtering structure capable of being detached and replaced independently, which comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein a maintenance end cover is arranged at one axial end of the shell, an air outlet is connected at the other axial end of the shell, an air inlet is connected with the circumferential side wall of the shell, and a filter element is arranged in the shell; the filter element comprises an outer filter element and an inner filter element, the outer filter element comprises an outer filter layer, the inner filter element comprises an inner filter layer, and the outer filter layer comprises a breathable waterproof layer, a coarse filter layer and an adsorption layer for adsorbing harmful gas; the inner filtering layer is a fine filtering layer. The invention can avoid waste caused by mismatched service life and replacement, makes back flushing maintenance of the fine filter layer possible, greatly prolongs the whole service life and reduces the use cost. The invention grasps the main contradiction and balances the goals of filter element waste and structure complexity and maintenance complexity, and realizes the comprehensive goals of prolonging the service life, reducing waste and not excessively increasing the structure complexity and the maintenance complexity.

Description

Fuel cell air filter device capable of independently replacing harmful gas filter structure
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an air filter device for a fuel cell.
Background
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) automobiles have become an important direction for automobile development due to the characteristics of zero emission and high energy efficiency, do not generate any polluted gas in the electrochemical reaction process due to the characteristics of the structure and the working principle, and have the characteristics of high output power, energy conservation and environmental protection. The application scene working condition of the current product installed on the vehicle is expanded to scenes such as a coal harbor district and offshore operation from an urban road, the environmental indicators under different working conditions have obvious differences, and the air filtering device is required to have the functions of water prevention, dust prevention, salt mist prevention, harmful gas prevention and the like.
In the chemical reaction process of the fuel cell, the anode depends on hydrogen as fuel gas, the cathode takes air as oxidant, and the reaction equation of the anode is H 2 →2H++2e - (ii) a Hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane to hydrate the protons H + (XH) 2 O) from a sulfonic acid group (-SO) 3 H) The electrons move to the cathode after doing work on the load through an external circuit. The reduction reaction is carried out at the cathode under the action of a catalyst, and the reaction equation is as follows: (1/2) O 2 +2H++2e - →H 2 O; the equation for the sum is: h 2 +（1/2）O 2 →H 2 O。
The above is the basic principle of the redox reaction of the fuel cell, and the anode is generally used at present and supplied with liquid pure hydrogen, and the source of the oxygen at the cathode mainly comes from air, and various pollutants exist in the air, and the pollutants can generate toxic action on the electric pile and influence the output power performance of the electric pile.
Through research, pollutants in the air are mainly particulate matters and SO 2 、NO X 、NH 3 (ii) a Thus the current fuelsThe design requirement of the air filter of the battery is that the air filter device must have the capability of filtering particles and the capability of adsorbing harmful gases at the same time so as to ensure the normal high-efficiency operation of the fuel cell system.
The air filtering device comprises a shell, wherein the shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a filter element is arranged in the shell, and the filter element comprises a filter layer and an end cover; in the prior art, a filter element of an air filtering device of a fuel cell is a single filter element, a filter layer structure of the filter element is a multi-layer folding structure shown in a figure 1 or a multi-layer winding structure shown in a figure 2, and the whole filter element is cylindrical; multilayer structure in these two kinds of structures has all integrated particulate matter filtering capability (layer) and harmful gas adsorption function (layer), all belongs to the structure that the tube-shape filter core, radial admission and axial were given vent to anger, is also the conventional technique of present air filter's filter core. At present, air filter devices of fuel cells at home and abroad adopt the structure.
In the prior art, the filter elements are all single filter elements. Some air filtering devices divide a filter element into a main filter element and a safety filter element, and the division of the main filter element and the safety filter element is not a filter particle, and the other filter element adsorbs harmful gas, so that the problem of service life matching of a filter layer which cannot be used for realizing functions is not considered, and the waste of the service life of the filter element cannot be avoided; but the main filter element plays a normal filtering role, and the engine is protected by the safety filter element when the main filter element fails, and the main filter element and the safety filter element (the main filter element and the safety filter element) have no difference on a filtering object.
The inventor's research expands the scope of the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and notices that the filter layer for adsorbing harmful gas (hereinafter referred to as "adsorption filter layer") and the filter layer for fine filtering particulate matter (hereinafter referred to as "filter layer") have a phenomenon of mismatch in service life.
The air filter device of the prior art Chinese internal and external fuel cell has the following defects: a single filter element is adopted, so that the harmful gas is adsorbed, and the particles are filtered (including rough filtration and fine filtration). Because the life-span of adsorbing filter layer and filtering filter layer is asynchronous, consequently when the filter layer that the life-span arrived earlier needs to be changed, just need whole renew cartridge, including adsorbing filter layer and filtering filter layer, just so led to the extravagant phenomenon of filter layer, sometimes the adsorption filter layer or filtering filter layer that the life-span far did not arrive, can only change together because the other party needs to be changed.
Description of innovation:
the creative performance of the invention technically lies in that the inventor breaks through the limitation of a single filter element, designs an outer filter element and an inner filter element, and arranges an adsorption filter layer and a filter layer in the outer filter element and the inner filter element respectively. The essence is that a filter layer for fine filtering particulate matters and a filter layer for adsorbing harmful gas are respectively arranged in two filter elements which are mutually connected in series on a gas path.
The significance of such improvements is: (1) the filter element can be replaced by the outer filter element and the inner filter element respectively to avoid the waste of the filter elements, and (2) the filter layer (refined filter layer) can be maintained in a back flushing mode (the adsorption filter layer, the filter layer and other filter layers are tightly combined together and cannot be separated from each other and maintained in a back flushing mode). (3) Finally, the improvement idea of the invention also embodies the goals of capturing the main contradiction and balancing the waste of the filter element and the goals of structural complexity and maintenance complexity;
these modifications, and their meanings, were made for the first time by the inventors and are not conventional techniques conventionally faced by those skilled in the art. In fact, the prior art adopts a single filter element in the field of fuel cells, and actually, a filter layer for finely filtering particles and a filter layer for adsorbing harmful gases are not respectively arranged in two filter elements which are mutually connected in series on an air path, and no teaching about the improvement and the technical significance exists in the prior art.
The contradiction of the air filtering device of the fuel cell not only has the problem that the service lives of the fine filtering layer and the adsorption filtering layer are not matched usually, but also has the problem that the service lives of the coarse filtering layer, the adsorption filtering layer, the coarse filtering layer, the waterproof layer and other filtering layers can not be matched exactly. The inventors seize the major contradiction from the contradictory relations resulting from the multi-party mismatch (which are also not conventionally faced by the skilled person and which are ignored in prior art solutions).
The rough filtration layer and the waterproof filtration layer are usually long in service life and relatively low in cost, the rough filtration layer, the waterproof filtration layer and the adsorption filtration layer are integrated in the outer filter element, not only is obvious cost waste not caused by relatively low cost of the rough filtration filter element and the waterproof filtration layer, but also the phenomenon that the structure complexity is too high (leading to too high manufacturing cost) due to too many filter elements in a split mode (such as the rough filtration filter element, the adsorption filter element and the rough filtration filter element) is avoided, and the maintenance workload is too high (if not replaced simultaneously, which filter element has a service life of which is replaced, the more filter elements are needed, the frequency of replacing the filter elements is higher, and the number of the filter elements in the set is large during replacement, and the assembly and disassembly operation are troublesome).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell air filtering device with a harmful gas filtering structure capable of being independently disassembled and replaced, which avoids the problem of filter element waste through an inner filter element and an outer filter element which are sleeved together.
In order to achieve the purpose, the fuel cell air filtering device with the separately replaceable harmful gas filtering structure comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein one axial end of the shell is provided with a maintenance end cover, the other axial end of the shell is connected with an air outlet, the circumferential side wall of the shell is connected with an air inlet, and a cylindrical filter element is arranged in the shell;
the filter element comprises an outer filter element and an inner filter element which are coaxially arranged with the shell, and the ends of the outer filter element and the inner filter element facing the maintenance end cover are both closed ends; the other ends of the outer filter element and the inner filter element are opposite ends;
the outer filter element comprises a cylindrical outer filter layer, the closed end of the outer filter layer is connected with a first outer filter element end cover, the inner filter element comprises a cylindrical inner filter layer, and the closed end of the inner filter layer is connected with a first inner filter element end cover; the outer filter element covers the inner filter element;
the opposite ends of the outer filter layer and the inner filter layer are connected with the axial end wall of the shell at the air outlet, and a central hole surrounded by the inner filter layer is communicated with the air outlet;
an annular air inlet cavity is formed by the surrounding of the outer filtering layer and the inner wall of the shell, and the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet cavity;
the outer filtering layer is used for filtering water, roughly filtering particles and adsorbing harmful gas, is of a multi-layer filtering layer structure and comprises a breathable waterproof layer for filtering water, a rough filtering layer for roughly filtering particles and an adsorbing layer for adsorbing harmful gas;
the inner filtering layer is a fine filtering layer for fine filtering particulate matters; on the flow path of the gas, the outer filter layer and the inner filter layer are connected in series, and the outer filter layer is located at the upstream of the inner filter layer.
The opposite end of the outer filter layer is connected with a second outer filter element end cover, and the outer filter layer is connected with the axial end wall of the shell through the second outer filter element end cover;
the opposite end of interior filtering layer is connected with the interior filter core end cover of second, and interior filtering layer is connected with the axial end wall of casing through the interior filter core end cover of second.
The inner surface of the axial end wall of the shell with the air outlet caliber outside surrounds the air outlet and is provided with an inner annular bulge, an outer annular bulge is arranged outside the inner annular bulge, and the circle centers of the inner annular bulge and the outer annular bulge are both positioned on the axis of the shell; the inner filter element is assembled between the inner annular protrusion and the outer annular protrusion, and the outer filter element is sleeved on the outer annular protrusion.
The harmful gas adsorption layer comprises the following specific components: including first supporting material layer, first supporting material layer has first activated carbon layer through the hot melt adhesive bonding, and first activated carbon layer bonds and has first resin layer, and first resin layer has second activated carbon layer through the hot melt adhesive bonding, and second activated carbon layer bonds and has the second resin layer, and the second resin layer bonds through the hot melt adhesive has the second supporting material layer.
The harmful gas adsorption layer comprises the following specific components: the hot melt adhesive bonding device comprises a first supporting material layer, wherein a first activated carbon layer is bonded on the first supporting material layer through a hot melt adhesive, a second activated carbon layer is bonded on the first activated carbon layer through the hot melt adhesive, and a second supporting material layer is bonded on the second activated carbon layer through the hot melt adhesive.
The invention has the following advantages:
under the direction of the new understanding of inventor (absorption filter layer and filtration filter layer life-span are unmatched usually, seem easy understanding, but not current understanding), the filter core is by whole tube-shape filter core, divide into inside and outside two-layer tube-shape filter core, will be directed against harmful gas's absorption filter layer and set up respectively in outer filter core and interior filter core to the filtration filter layer of particulate matter, (1) can change outer filter core and interior filter core respectively, thereby avoid the filter core (filter media) waste that the phenomenon that the life-span mismatch but change simultaneously leads to, show the whole life of extension filter core, realize more accurate maintenance, and the use cost is reduced. (2) Meanwhile, the fine filtering layer is independently arranged on the inner filtering core, so that the back flushing maintenance of the fine filtering layer can be realized, the service life of the fine filtering layer is greatly prolonged, and the use cost of the fine filtering layer is further reduced.
Finally, (3) the contradiction of the air filter of the fuel cell not only has the problem that the service lives of the fine filter layer and the adsorption filter layer are usually not matched, but also actually has the problem that the service lives of the coarse filter layer, the adsorption filter layer, the coarse filter layer, the waterproof layer and other filter layers can not be matched exactly. The inventor grasps the main contradiction from the relation of multi-party mismatching, and embodies the objectives of grasping the main contradiction, balancing the waste of the filter element and the structural complexity and the maintenance complexity, which are firstly provided by the inventor and are not the technical problems which are conventionally faced by the technicians in the field, and finally realizes the comprehensive objective of prolonging the service life, reducing the waste of the filter material and not excessively increasing the structural complexity and the maintenance complexity.
The rough filtering layer and the waterproof filtering layer are generally long in service life and relatively low in cost, the rough filtering layer, the waterproof filtering layer and the adsorption filtering layer are integrated in an external filter element, obvious cost waste is not caused due to the fact that the rough filtering filter element and the waterproof filtering layer are relatively low in cost, too high structure complexity (high manufacturing cost is caused) caused by too many filter element split bodies (such as the rough filtering filter element, the adsorption filter element and the rough filtering filter element) is avoided, and the problem that maintenance workload is too high (if the filter elements are not replaced simultaneously, which filter element is replaced due to the service life is long is solved, the number of the filter elements is increased, the filter element replacing frequency is increased, and the assembling and disassembling operation are troublesome during replacement, so that the main contradiction is caught, and the aims of filter element waste and structure complexity and maintenance complexity are balanced are achieved.
The second outer filter element end cover and the second inner filter element end cover enhance the integrity of the outer filter element and the inner filter element, and are convenient to install, disassemble and replace.
Interior annular bulge and outer annular bulge provide the function of positioning, and interior annular bulge and outer annular bulge are as the extension of casing, have increased the area of the faying face when casing and interior filter core and outer filter core assembly, improve sealing performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the filter layer of a filter cartridge of a prior art fuel cell air filtration unit employing a multi-layer pleated construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the filter layer of a filter cartridge of a prior art fuel cell air filtration device employing a multi-layer wound structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exploded structure of the present invention with a sector-shaped cylinder cut out to form a sector-shaped cross section;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the air-permeable waterproof layer or the fine filter layer in a spiral winding structure;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the air-permeable, water-proof layer or the fine filter layer in a single-layer rolled configuration;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a honeycomb filter used for the coarse filtration layer;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a lattice hole filter for a coarse filtration layer;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a porous filter used for a coarse filtration layer;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a layered configuration of an adsorbent layer for use with a fuel cell air filtration device for a vehicle having a usage scenario including offshore conditions;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a layered structure of an adsorbent layer for a fuel cell air filtration device for a vehicle using a scenario that does not include offshore conditions;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention with a sector-shaped cylinder cut away to form a sector-shaped cross section;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the present invention after a sector-shaped column structure with a sector-shaped cross section is dug out;
fig. 13 isbase:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 12.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the fuel cell air filtering device with a separately replaceable harmful gas filtering structure of the present invention includes a cylindrical housing 1, a maintenance end cap 2 is disposed at one axial end of the housing 1, an air outlet 3 is connected to the other axial end of the housing 1, an air inlet 4 is connected to the circumferential side wall of the housing 1, and a cylindrical filter element is disposed in the housing 1;
the filter element comprises an outer filter element and an inner filter element which are coaxially arranged with the shell 1, and the ends of the outer filter element and the inner filter element facing the maintenance end cover 2 are both closed ends; the other ends of the outer filter element and the inner filter element are opposite ends (adjacent to the air outlet 3);
the outer filter element comprises a cylindrical outer filter layer, the closed end of the outer filter layer (bonded by PU glue) is connected with a first outer filter element end cover 5 (preferably a PU end cover), the inner filter element comprises a cylindrical inner filter layer, and the closed end of the inner filter layer (bonded by PU glue) is connected with a first inner filter element end cover 6 (preferably a PU end cover); the outer filter element covers the inner filter element;
the opposite ends of the outer filter layer and the inner filter layer are connected (for example, bonded) with the axial end wall of the shell 1 at the air outlet 3, and a central hole surrounded by the inner filter layer is communicated with the air outlet 3;
an annular air inlet cavity 7 is formed between the outer filter layer and the inner wall of the shell 1 in a surrounding mode, and the air inlet 4 is communicated with the air inlet cavity 7;
the outer filtering layer is used for filtering water, roughly filtering particles and adsorbing harmful gas, is of a multi-layer filtering layer structure, and sequentially comprises a breathable waterproof layer 8 for filtering water, a roughly filtering layer 9 for roughly filtering particles and an adsorption layer 10 for adsorbing harmful gas from the radial outside to the radial inside;
the inner filtering layer is a fine filtering layer 11 for fine filtering of particles; on the flow path of the gas, the outer filtering layer and the inner filtering layer are connected in series, and the outer filtering layer is positioned at the upstream of the inner filtering layer.
Under the guide of the new understanding of inventor (absorption filter bed and filtration filter bed life-span are unmatched usually, seem easy understanding, but not current understanding), the filter core is by whole tube-shape filter core, divide into inside and outside two-layer tube-shape filter core, set up respectively in outer filter core and interior filter core absorption filter bed and filtration filter bed, (1) can change outer filter core and interior filter core respectively, thereby avoid the filter core waste that the phenomenon that the life-span was unmatched but was changed simultaneously leads to, show the whole life of extension filter core, realize more accurate maintenance, and the use cost is reduced. (2) Meanwhile, the fine filtering layer 11 is independently arranged on the inner filter element, so that the back flushing maintenance of the fine filtering layer 11 can be realized, the service life of the fine filtering layer 11 is greatly prolonged, and the use cost of the fine filtering layer is further reduced.
Finally, (3) the contradiction of the air filtering device of the fuel cell not only has the problem that the service lives of the fine filtering layer 11 and the adsorption filtering layer are usually not matched, but also has the problem that the service lives of the coarse filtering layer 9, the adsorption filtering layer, the coarse filtering layer 9, the waterproof layer and other filtering layers cannot be matched exactly. The inventor grasps the main contradiction from the relation of multi-party mismatching, and embodies the objectives of grasping the main contradiction, balancing the waste of the filter element and the structural complexity and the maintenance complexity, which are all firstly proposed by the inventor and are not the technical problems which are conventionally faced by the technicians in the field.
The rough filtering layer and the waterproof filtering layer are usually long in service life and relatively low in cost, the rough filtering layer, the waterproof filtering layer and the adsorption filtering layer are integrated in the outer filter element, not only is obvious cost waste caused by relatively low cost of the rough filtering filter element and the waterproof filtering layer avoided, but also the problem that the structure complexity is too high (the manufacturing cost is too high) caused by too many filter element split bodies (such as the rough filtering filter element, the adsorption filter element and the rough filtering filter element) is avoided, and the maintenance workload is too high (if the filter elements are not replaced simultaneously, which filter element has reached the service life of which filter element is replaced, the more filter elements are needed, the higher the filter element replacing frequency is, and the more filter elements are sleeved during replacement, the assembly and disassembly operation are troublesome), so that the main contradiction is caught, and the aims of filter element waste and structure complexity and maintenance complexity are balanced are achieved.
Wherein, the breathable waterproof layer 8, the rough filtering layer 9 and the fine filtering layer 11 are conventional technologies and are not described in detail; the breathable waterproof layer 8 is made of the existing breathable waterproof material, and the working principle of the breathable waterproof layer is that liquid water cannot smoothly separate from the downstream of the breathable waterproof layer due to the fact that the liquid water has the effect of tension (the water molecules are mutually pulled and counterbalanced) on the surfaces of water drops because of large particle radius; the waterproof breathable material is applied to the air filtration device in a spiral wound configuration as shown in fig. 4 or in a single layer rolled configuration as shown in fig. 5.
Wherein, coarse filtration layer 9 is porous filtration, relies on the theory of operation of physics interception to intercept the particulate matter impurity that is greater than the aperture, and its poroid structure comprises following several forms: the filter medium used in the coarse filter layer 9 may be a honeycomb filter medium shown in fig. 6, a lattice-hole filter medium shown in fig. 7, or a porous filter medium shown in fig. 8, but is not limited to these three configurations; the connection between the coarse filter layer 9 and the air-permeable waterproof layer 8, the adsorption layer 10 and the outer end cover and the shell 1 includes, but is not limited to, bonding, injection molding, embedding and welding.
The structural components of the harmful gas adsorption layer 10 include a support material (which may be various gas permeable materials such as a PET material or a metal mesh), a hot melt adhesive, activated carbon, and a resin; the adsorbent layer 10 material includes resin in offshore conditions and the adsorbent layer 10 material used in non-offshore conditions does not include resin. If a vehicle is used offshore, and offshore, the vehicle is treated as an offshore condition, and the material of the adsorption layer 10 of the outer filter element of the fuel cell air filter device installed on the vehicle comprises resin for adsorbing salt fog ions under the offshore condition. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a layered structure of the adsorbent layer 10 under offshore conditions; FIG. 10 is a schematic of the layered structure of adsorbent layer 10 in a non-offshore condition. The adsorbent layer 10 may be designed in other layered structures according to the principle of the resin used above.
Wherein, the filtering precision of the fine filtering layer 11 is 0.3 micron, and the filtering efficiency of the particles with the particle size of more than 0.3 micron is more than 99 percent. The filter layer is composed of any two or three of glass fiber with high filtering precision, electrostatic non-woven fabric and nano filter paper, dust particles are filtered and intercepted by the aid of a physical interception or electrostatic adsorption principle, and the cross-sectional structure of the high-precision filter layer can be a spiral winding structure shown in figure 4 or a single-layer rolling structure shown in figure 5.
The opposite end of the outer filter layer is connected with a second outer filter element end cover 12, and the outer filter layer is connected with the axial end wall of the shell 1 through the second outer filter element end cover 12;
the opposite end of the inner filter layer is connected with a second inner filter element end cover 13, and the inner filter layer is connected with the axial end wall of the shell 1 through the second inner filter element end cover 13.
The second outer filter element end cap 12 and the second inner filter element end cap 13 enhance the integrity of the outer filter element and the inner filter element, and are convenient to install, disassemble and replace.
The inner surface of the axial end wall of the shell 1 at the radial outer side of the air outlet 3 is provided with an inner annular bulge 14 surrounding the air outlet 3, an outer annular bulge 15 is arranged outside the inner annular bulge 14, and the circle centers of the inner annular bulge 14 and the outer annular bulge 15 are both positioned on the axis of the shell 1; the inner filter element fits between the inner annular projection 14 and the outer annular projection 15, and the outer filter element fits over (outside) the outer annular projection 15.
Interior annular bulge 14 and outer annular bulge 15 provide the function of positioning, and interior annular bulge 14 and outer annular bulge 15 are as the extension of casing 1, have increased the area of the faying face when casing 1 assembles with interior filter core and outer filter core, improve sealing performance.
When the fuel cell air filtering device is used, the fuel cell air filtering device with the independently detachable and replaceable harmful gas filtering structure is arranged on a motor vehicle, and when the harmful gas is less and the particulate matters are more in the use scene of the motor vehicle, the load of the inner filter element is larger; when the use scene of motor vehicle is more harmful gas and the particulate matter is less, outer filter core load is great. When the outer filter element or the inner filter element needs to be replaced, the outer filter element and the inner filter element are arranged in a split mode, so that the outer filter element and the inner filter element can be respectively connected with or detached from the shell 1, which filter element needs to be replaced or maintained is detached for maintenance or replacement, and the filter elements do not need to be replaced integrally. The service life of the inner filter element can be prolonged by the back-blowing fine filtering layer 11 in the using process.
Example one
As shown in fig. 9, the specific configuration of the harmful gas adsorption layer 10 in the present embodiment is: including first supporting material layer 16 (adopt PET material or metal mesh), first supporting material layer 16 has first activated carbon layer 17 through hot melt adhesive 22 bonding, and first activated carbon layer 17 bonds and has first resin layer 18, and first resin layer 18 has second activated carbon layer 19 through hot melt adhesive 22 bonding, and second activated carbon layer 19 bonds and has second resin layer 20, and second resin layer 20 has second supporting material layer 21 through hot melt adhesive 22 bonding.
In this embodiment, the adsorption layer 10 can adsorb salt fog, and is suitable for offshore operation.
Example two
As shown in fig. 10, the specific structure of the harmful gas adsorption layer 10 in this embodiment is: including first supporting material layer 16 (adopting PET material or metal mesh), first supporting material layer 16 has first activated carbon layer 17 through the hot melt adhesive 22 bonding, and first activated carbon layer 17 has second activated carbon layer 19 through the hot melt adhesive 22 bonding, and second activated carbon layer 19 has second supporting material layer 21 through the hot melt adhesive 22 bonding.
The adsorbent layer 10 of this embodiment may not be directed to salt fog and is suitable for use in non-offshore locations where salt fog is not present.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The fuel cell air filtering device comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein a maintenance end cover is arranged at one axial end of the shell, an air outlet is connected at the other axial end of the shell, an air inlet is connected with the circumferential side wall of the shell, and a cylindrical filter element is arranged in the shell; the method is characterized in that:
the filter element comprises an outer filter element and an inner filter element which are coaxially arranged with the shell, and the ends of the outer filter element and the inner filter element facing the maintenance end cover are both closed ends; the other ends of the outer filter element and the inner filter element are opposite ends;
the outer filter element comprises a cylindrical outer filter layer, the closed end of the outer filter layer is connected with a first outer filter element end cover, the inner filter element comprises a cylindrical inner filter layer, and the closed end of the inner filter layer is connected with a first inner filter element end cover; the outer filter element covers the inner filter element;
the opposite ends of the outer filter layer and the inner filter layer are connected with the axial end wall of the shell at the air outlet, and a central hole surrounded by the inner filter layer is communicated with the air outlet;
an annular air inlet cavity is formed between the outer filter layer and the inner wall of the shell in a surrounding mode, and an air inlet is communicated with the air inlet cavity;
the outer filtering layer is used for filtering water, roughly filtering particles and adsorbing harmful gas, is of a multi-layer filtering layer structure and comprises a breathable waterproof layer for filtering water, a rough filtering layer for roughly filtering particles and an adsorbing layer for adsorbing harmful gas;
the inner filtering layer is a fine filtering layer for fine filtering of particles; on the flow path of the gas, the outer filter layer and the inner filter layer are connected in series, and the outer filter layer is located at the upstream of the inner filter layer.
2. The fuel cell air filter device with a separately replaceable harmful gas filter structure according to claim 1, wherein:
the opposite end of the outer filter layer is connected with a second outer filter element end cover, and the outer filter layer is connected with the axial end wall of the shell through the second outer filter element end cover;
the opposite end of interior filtering layer is connected with the interior filter core end cover of second, and interior filtering layer is connected with the axial end wall of casing through the interior filter core end cover of second.
3. The fuel cell air filter device in which the harmful gas filter structure is separately replaceable according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the inner surface of the axial end wall of the shell with the air outlet caliber facing outwards is provided with an inner annular bulge surrounding the air outlet, an outer annular bulge is arranged outside the inner annular bulge, and the circle centers of the inner annular bulge and the outer annular bulge are both positioned on the axis of the shell; the inner filter element is assembled between the inner annular projection and the outer annular projection, and the outer filter element is sleeved on the outer annular projection.
4. The fuel cell air filter device with separately replaceable harmful gas filter structure according to claim 3, wherein: the harmful gas adsorption layer comprises the following specific components: including first supporting material layer, first supporting material layer has first activated carbon layer through the hot melt adhesive bonding, and first activated carbon layer bonds and has first resin layer, and first resin layer has second activated carbon layer through the hot melt adhesive bonding, and second activated carbon layer bonds and has the second resin layer, and the second resin layer bonds through the hot melt adhesive has the second supporting material layer.
5. The fuel cell air filter device with separately replaceable harmful gas filter structure according to claim 3, wherein:
the harmful gas adsorption layer comprises the following specific components: the hot melt adhesive bonding device comprises a first supporting material layer, wherein a first activated carbon layer is bonded on the first supporting material layer through a hot melt adhesive, a second activated carbon layer is bonded on the first activated carbon layer through the hot melt adhesive, and a second supporting material layer is bonded on the second activated carbon layer through the hot melt adhesive.
CN202211081677.3A 2022-09-06 2022-09-06 Fuel cell air filtering device capable of independently replacing harmful gas filtering structure Pending CN115395054A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211081677.3A CN115395054A (en) 2022-09-06 2022-09-06 Fuel cell air filtering device capable of independently replacing harmful gas filtering structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211081677.3A CN115395054A (en) 2022-09-06 2022-09-06 Fuel cell air filtering device capable of independently replacing harmful gas filtering structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115395054A true CN115395054A (en) 2022-11-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202211081677.3A Pending CN115395054A (en) 2022-09-06 2022-09-06 Fuel cell air filtering device capable of independently replacing harmful gas filtering structure

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115395054A (en)

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