CN115391905A - Method and system for improving noise simulation precision of electrically-driven speed reducer - Google Patents
Method and system for improving noise simulation precision of electrically-driven speed reducer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric drive speed reducer noise simulation precision improving method and system, belonging to the technical field of vehicle engineering, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a detailed finite element model of the speed reducer by using finite element software for calculating the mode and the response; utilizing multi-body dynamics software to establish a multi-body dynamics model of the speed reducer, wherein the multi-body dynamics model is used for calculating gear excitation and bearing rigidity; loading gear excitation and correcting the bearing rigidity on the basis of a finite element model; and finally, establishing a reducer acoustic response model and performing acoustic calculation. The key point of the method is that the gear excitation and each rigidity value in the multi-body dynamic model calculation result are used for setting the excitation and rigidity values in the finite element model, so that the overall precision of the reducer model is improved, and a more accurate noise calculation result is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, in particular to a method and a system for improving noise simulation precision of an electrically-driven speed reducer.
Background
Retarder squeal noise is one of the major noise problems of electric drive systems. The masking effect of an engine is lost, the NVH performance requirement of a pure electric vehicle is continuously improved, and the requirement of the squeaking noise of a gear of a speed reducer is increasingly strict; in addition, because the common single-gear two-stage speed reducer of the pure electric vehicle has wider common rotating speed and torque range, the noise performance of the speed reducer under various working conditions needs to be considered.
Therefore, it is necessary to accurately predict the howling noise of the retarder in the early stage of development of the retarder. However, the existing simulation analysis method is difficult to meet the development requirements of product projects in terms of precision, such as: in the analysis and optimization of the vibration noise of a certain electric vehicle speed reducer in the related technology, the deep research on the vibration noise of the speed reducer is developed based on a new energy speed reducer development project, and the following work is mainly completed: establishing a dynamic model of a reducer system, analyzing a static transmission error of the reducer, and calculating to obtain a dynamic force of a bearing; the dynamic force of the bearing is used as excitation of vibration response analysis to obtain vibration response of the reducer shell, an acoustic boundary element model of the reducer shell is established, and radiation noise analysis is carried out to obtain a noise simulation result; noise tests are carried out on the speed reducer based on an NVH test bed to verify the accuracy of the vibration noise simulation model, and an optimization scheme of the speed reducer shell is provided based on the research of radiation efficiency, but the problem of the improvement of the precision of the simulation model is not considered in the scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the first purpose of the invention is to provide an electrically-driven speed reducer noise simulation precision improving method, which improves the precision of each component of a speed reducer model.
The invention further provides an electrically-driven speed reducer noise simulation precision improving system.
A third object of the invention is to propose a computer device.
A fourth object of the invention is to propose a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for improving noise simulation accuracy of an electrically driven speed reducer, including the following steps: s1, respectively establishing a finite element model and a multi-body dynamic model of the reducer; s2, setting the actual working condition of noise simulation analysis; s3, calculating gear meshing excitation, first gear meshing rigidity and first bearing rigidity under the actual working condition in the multi-body dynamic model environment; s4, correcting and setting the second gear meshing rigidity and the second bearing rigidity of the finite element model according to the meshing rigidity and the bearing rigidity; s5, setting a flange surface of the speed reducer as a constraint state, and setting the calculation frequency to be more than 8000Hz so as to perform modal calculation of the corrected finite element model of the speed reducer structure; s6, loading the gear meshing excitation at a gear meshing node in the corrected finite element model; s7, establishing an acoustic finite element model of the reducer, and simultaneously establishing an excitation mapping relation from the grid of the modified finite element model to the inner surface of the grid of the acoustic finite element model; s8, setting an acoustic field point grid of the acoustic finite element model by taking the geometric center of the speed reducer as a field point center according to an ISO standard or a test point position, and finally establishing a noise simulation model of the speed reducer; and S9, calculating the noise response from the gear excitation to the acoustic field point in the noise simulation model of the speed reducer by adopting an acoustic finite element method.
According to the method for improving the noise simulation precision of the electrically-driven speed reducer, the detailed finite element model of the speed reducer is established by utilizing finite element software and used for response calculation, and the multi-body dynamic model of the speed reducer is established by utilizing multi-body dynamic software and used for calculating gear excitation and bearing rigidity; loading gear excitation and correcting bearing rigidity on the basis of a finite element model; and finally, establishing an acoustic response model of the reducer and performing acoustic calculation, thereby improving the precision of each part of the reducer model.
In addition, the method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer according to the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
further, in one embodiment of the invention, the finite element model comprises a speed reducer shell, shaft teeth, bearings and a differential mechanism structure, and the multi-body dynamic model comprises the speed reducer shaft teeth, a bearing detailed structure and shell rigidity.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, an initial acting force is initially calculated by assuming an initial displacement, and then the first gear meshing stiffness and the first bearing stiffness are obtained through multiple iterative calculations by combining stress and deformation curves of the gear and the bearing.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is the outer envelope surface of the reducer casing, and the outer surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is formed by integrally expanding more than 2 layers of solid meshes outwards from the inner surface.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides an electrically driven retarder noise simulation accuracy improving system, including: the construction module is used for respectively establishing a finite element model and a multi-body dynamic model of the speed reducer; the working condition setting module is used for setting the actual working condition of noise simulation analysis; the rigidity calculation module is used for calculating gear meshing excitation, first gear meshing rigidity and first bearing rigidity under the actual working condition in the multi-body dynamic model environment; the correcting module is used for correcting and setting the second gear meshing rigidity and the second bearing rigidity of the finite element model according to the meshing rigidity and the bearing rigidity; the modal calculation module is used for setting the flange surface of the speed reducer to be in a constraint state, and setting the calculation frequency to be more than 8000Hz so as to perform modal calculation of the corrected finite element model; the loading excitation module is used for loading the gear meshing excitation at a gear meshing node in the corrected finite element model; the excitation mapping module is used for establishing an acoustic finite element model of the speed reducer and establishing an excitation mapping relation from the grid of the corrected finite element model of the speed reducer structure to the grid inner surface of the acoustic finite element model; the noise corresponding response point setting module is used for setting an acoustic field point grid of the acoustic finite element model by taking the geometric center of the speed reducer as a field point center according to an ISO standard or a test point position, and finally establishing a speed reducer noise simulation model; and the noise response solving module is used for calculating the noise response from the gear excitation to the acoustic field point in the reducer noise simulation model by adopting an acoustic finite element method.
According to the system for improving the noise simulation precision of the electrically-driven speed reducer, the detailed finite element model of the speed reducer is established by utilizing finite element software and used for response calculation, and the multi-body dynamic model of the speed reducer is established by utilizing multi-body dynamic software and used for calculating gear excitation and bearing rigidity; loading gear excitation and correcting the bearing rigidity on the basis of a finite element model; and finally, establishing a reducer acoustic response model and performing acoustic calculation, thereby improving the precision of each part of the reducer model.
In addition, the noise simulation precision improvement system of the electrically-driven speed reducer according to the above embodiment of the invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in one embodiment of the invention, the finite element model comprises a speed reducer shell, shaft teeth, bearings and a differential mechanism structure, and the multi-body dynamic model comprises the speed reducer shaft teeth, a bearing detailed structure and shell rigidity.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the stiffness calculation module uses an initial acting force of an assumed initial displacement, and combines stress and deformation curves of the gear and the bearing to obtain the first gear meshing stiffness and the first bearing stiffness through multiple iterative calculations.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is the outer envelope surface of the reducer casing, and the outer surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is formed by integrally expanding more than 2 layers of solid meshes outwards from the inner surface.
In order to achieve the above object, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, including: the noise simulation precision improving method for the electrically-driven speed reducer comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the noise simulation precision improving method for the electrically-driven speed reducer is realized.
To achieve the above object, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implementing the method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of an electric-drive retarder according to the above embodiment.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of an electrically driven retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a finite element model of a retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a finite element model of an intermediate shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an output shaft finite element model of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a multi-body dynamic model of a retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bearing connection model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the location of a bearing outer race stiffness unit, a bearing center spring unit, and a bearing inner race stiffness unit of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a gear mesh point schematic of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the transfer error excitation variation and a graph of the transfer error spectral variation for one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic field grid in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of a retarder noise simulation model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic of an inner surface of an acoustic finite element mesh in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic of an outer surface of an acoustic finite element mesh in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic field point grid arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating noise simulation results before and after model optimization, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a noise simulation accuracy improvement system of an electrically-driven reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The method and the system for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer according to the embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and first, the method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer according to the embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of an electrically-driven retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer comprises the following steps:
in step S1, a finite element model and a multi-body dynamic model of the speed reducer are respectively established.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the finite element model comprises a speed reducer shell, shaft teeth, bearings and a differential mechanism structure, and the multi-body dynamic model comprises the speed reducer shaft teeth, a bearing detailed structure and shell rigidity.
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2-4, the finite element model should include the complete reducer housing, axle teeth, bearings, differential structure, etc.; solid unit grids are established on the shell, the shaft, the gear spoke plate and the inner and outer rings of the bearing; the gear teeth of the gear can be simplified and omitted; gear contact stiffness and bearing stiffness were replaced with SPRING units.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the multi-body dynamic model should include the shaft teeth of the speed reducer, the detailed structure of the bearing, the rigidity of the housing, and the like.
In step S2, the actual operating conditions of the noise simulation analysis are set.
Specifically, the actual operating mode is the specific operating mode under the present scene, mainly according to actual need set for can, generally keep unanimous with the experimental moment of torsion and the rotational speed of reduction gear rack.
In step S3, in a multi-body dynamic model environment, gear mesh excitation, first gear mesh stiffness, and first bearing stiffness under actual conditions are calculated.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, an initial acting force is initially calculated by assuming an initial displacement, and then the first gear meshing stiffness and the first bearing stiffness are obtained through multiple iterative calculations by combining stress and deformation curves of the gear and the bearing.
Specifically, gear meshing excitation, meshing rigidity and bearing rigidity under a set working condition are calculated in a multi-body dynamic model; the method for calculating the rigidity of the gear and the bearing in the dynamic model comprises the steps of initially calculating an initial acting force by adopting a method of assuming initial displacement, combining stress and deformation curves of the gear and the bearing, and calculating through multiple iterations to obtain a more accurate rigidity value.
In step S4, the second bearing rigidity and the second gear mesh rigidity of the finite element model are set according to the mesh rigidity and the bearing rigidity correction.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the bearing position takes the bearing center as a master node, the shaft diameter of the inner ring of the bearing is taken as a slave node, the grid node of the surface of the bearing seat of the outer ring of the bearing is taken as a slave node, a rigid unit is established, the two nodes are connected by a spring unit, and the spring rigidity is set to be relatively accurate bearing rigidity calculated in a multi-body dynamic model. Compared with the traditional method, the bearing is set to be in rigid connection, so that the overall modal frequency and response calculation precision of the finite element model can be improved.
As shown in fig. 8, at the gear meshing point, the two tooth surfaces establish a rigid connection unit according to the contact area, the two tooth surface rigid units are connected by a spring unit, and the unit stiffness is set according to the calculation result in S3.
In step S5, the flange surface of the speed reducer is set to be in a constrained state, and the calculation frequency is set to be 8000Hz or higher, so as to perform modal calculation of the finite element model after correction.
In step S6, as shown in fig. 9, in the modified finite element model, the gear mesh excitation is loaded at the gear mesh node.
In step S7, an acoustic finite element model of the retarder is established, and an excitation mapping relationship from the mesh of the modified finite element model to the inner surface of the mesh of the acoustic finite element model is established.
In step S8, an acoustic field point mesh of the acoustic finite element model is set according to ISO standards or test point positions with the geometric center of the reducer as the field point center, and finally a noise simulation model of the reducer is established, as shown in fig. 10-11.
The method for setting the acoustic site grid according to the ISO standard is as follows: (A in FIG. 14 is a measuring surface, B is a reducer to be measured, and r represents the radius of the measuring surface.) A grid is drawn according to the position shown in the figure, the microphone measuring points are set as grid nodes in the figure, and the sound field grid is a closed semi-sphere. And setting an acoustic field point grid according to the position of a test point, wherein the field point grid is generally a closed regular hexahedron.
As shown in fig. 13 to 14, the inner surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is an outer envelope surface of the reducer case, and the outer surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is formed by extending more than 2 layers of solid meshes outwards from the whole inner surface.
In step S9, a noise response of the gear excitation to the acoustic field point in the noise simulation model of the reducer is calculated by using an acoustic finite element method.
The method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer provided by the invention is further explained by a specific embodiment.
Aiming at a noise simulation model of a certain speed reducer, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is adopted to carry out model optimization, and the noise simulation results before and after the optimization are compared: as shown in fig. 15, the noise simulation result after model optimization (line with the largest initial noise) is closer to the test result as a whole (line with the middle initial noise) than the noise simulation result before optimization (line with the smallest initial noise drop); and the noise peak between 5000r/min and 6000r/min is accurately predicted.
According to the method for improving the noise simulation precision of the electrically-driven speed reducer, the detailed finite element model of the speed reducer is established by utilizing finite element software and used for response calculation, and the multi-body dynamic model of the speed reducer is established by utilizing multi-body dynamic software and used for calculating gear excitation and bearing rigidity; loading gear excitation and correcting bearing rigidity on the basis of a finite element model; and finally, establishing an acoustic response model of the reducer and performing acoustic calculation, thereby improving the precision of each part of the reducer model.
Next, an electrically driven speed reducer noise simulation accuracy improvement system proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrically driven retarder noise simulation accuracy improvement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 16, the system 10 includes: the system comprises a construction module 100, a working condition setting module 200, a rigidity calculation module 300, a correction module 400, a modal calculation module 500, a loading excitation module 600, an excitation mapping module 700, a noise corresponding response point setting module 800 and a noise response solving module 900.
The building module 100 is configured to respectively build a finite element model and a multi-body dynamic model of the reducer. The operating condition setting module 200 is used for setting an actual operating condition of the noise simulation analysis. The stiffness calculation module 300 is configured to calculate gear meshing excitation, first gear meshing stiffness, and first bearing stiffness under an actual working condition in a multi-body dynamic model environment. The modification module 400 is configured to modify the second gear mesh stiffness and the second bearing stiffness of the set finite element model based on the mesh stiffness and the bearing stiffness. The modal calculation module 500 is configured to set the flange surface of the speed reducer to be in a constrained state, and set the calculation frequency to be more than 8000Hz, so as to perform modal calculation of the modified finite element model. The loading excitation module 600 is configured to load the gear mesh excitation at the gear mesh node in the modified finite element model. The excitation mapping module 700 is configured to establish an acoustic finite element model of the retarder, and simultaneously establish an excitation mapping relationship from a mesh of the modified finite element model to an inner surface of the mesh of the acoustic finite element model. The noise corresponding response point setting module 800 is used for setting an acoustic field point grid of the acoustic finite element model by taking the geometric center of the speed reducer as a field point center according to the ISO standard or the position of a test point, and finally establishing the speed reducer noise simulation model. The noise response solving module 900 is configured to calculate a noise response from the gear excitation to the acoustic field point in the noise simulation model of the speed reducer by using an acoustic finite element method.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the finite element model comprises a speed reducer shell, shaft teeth, bearings and a differential mechanism structure, and the multi-body dynamic model comprises speed reducer shaft teeth, a bearing detailed structure and shell rigidity.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the stiffness calculation module uses an initial force initially calculated by assuming initial displacement, and then combines stress and deformation curves of the gear and the bearing to obtain the first gear meshing stiffness and the first bearing stiffness through multiple iterative calculations.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is the outer envelope surface of the reducer casing, and the outer surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is formed by integrally expanding more than 2 layers of solid meshes outwards from the inner surface.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer is also applicable to the system for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer of the embodiment, and is not repeated here.
According to the system for improving the noise simulation precision of the electrically-driven speed reducer, the detailed finite element model of the speed reducer is established by utilizing finite element software and used for response calculation, and the multi-body dynamic model of the speed reducer is established by utilizing multi-body dynamic software and used for calculating gear excitation and bearing rigidity; loading gear excitation and correcting bearing rigidity on the basis of a finite element model; and finally, establishing a reducer acoustic response model and performing acoustic calculation, thereby improving the precision of each part of the reducer model.
In order to implement the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven retarder according to the foregoing embodiments is implemented.
In order to achieve the above embodiments, the present invention further proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the electric-drive retarder noise simulation accuracy improvement method according to the foregoing embodiments.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "N" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more N executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the embodiments of the present invention.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or N wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for improving the noise simulation precision of the electrically-driven speed reducer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, respectively establishing a finite element model and a multi-body dynamic model of the reducer;
s2, setting an actual working condition of noise simulation analysis;
s3, calculating gear meshing excitation, first gear meshing rigidity and first bearing rigidity under the actual working condition in the multi-body dynamic model environment;
s4, correcting and setting the second gear meshing rigidity and the second bearing rigidity of the finite element model according to the meshing rigidity and the bearing rigidity;
s5, setting the flange surface of the reducer as a constraint state, and setting the calculation frequency to be more than 8000Hz so as to perform modal calculation of the corrected finite element model;
s6, loading the gear meshing excitation at a gear meshing node in the corrected finite element model;
s7, establishing an acoustic finite element model of the reducer, and simultaneously establishing an excitation mapping relation from the grid of the modified finite element model to the inner surface of the grid of the acoustic finite element model;
s8, setting an acoustic field point grid of the acoustic finite element model by taking the geometric center of the speed reducer as a field point center according to an ISO standard or a test point position, and finally establishing a speed reducer noise simulation model;
and S9, calculating the noise response from the gear excitation to the acoustic field point in the noise simulation model of the speed reducer by adopting an acoustic finite element method.
2. The method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electric drive speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the finite element model comprises a speed reducer shell, shaft teeth, a bearing and a differential structure, and the multi-body dynamic model comprises the speed reducer shaft teeth, a bearing detailed structure and shell rigidity.
3. The method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electric drive speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the initial acting force is initially calculated by assuming initial displacement, and the meshing stiffness of the first gear and the stiffness of the first bearing are obtained through multiple iterative calculations by combining stress and deformation curves of the gear and the bearing.
4. The method for improving the noise simulation precision of the electric drive speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is an outer envelope surface of the speed reducer shell, and the outer surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is formed by integrally expanding more than 2 layers of solid meshes outwards from the inner surface.
5. An electrically driven speed reducer noise simulation accuracy improving system, comprising:
the system comprises a construction module, a dynamic model generation module and a dynamic model generation module, wherein the construction module is used for respectively establishing a finite element model and a multi-body dynamic model of a speed reducer;
the working condition setting module is used for setting the actual working condition of noise simulation analysis;
the rigidity calculation module is used for calculating gear meshing excitation, first gear meshing rigidity and first bearing rigidity under the actual working condition in the multi-body dynamic model environment;
the correcting module is used for correcting and setting the second gear meshing rigidity and the second bearing rigidity of the finite element model according to the meshing rigidity and the bearing rigidity;
the modal calculation module is used for setting the flange surface of the speed reducer to be in a constraint state, and setting the calculation frequency to be more than 8000Hz so as to perform modal calculation of the corrected finite element model;
the loading excitation module is used for loading the gear meshing excitation at a gear meshing node in the corrected finite element model;
the excitation mapping module is used for establishing an acoustic finite element model of the speed reducer and establishing an excitation mapping relation from the grid of the corrected finite element model of the speed reducer structure to the inner surface of the grid of the acoustic finite element model;
the noise response point setting module is used for setting an acoustic field point grid of the acoustic finite element model by taking the geometric center of the speed reducer as a field point center according to an ISO standard or a test point position, and finally establishing a speed reducer noise simulation model;
and the noise response solving module is used for calculating the noise response from the gear excitation to the acoustic field point in the reducer noise simulation model by adopting an acoustic finite element method.
6. The system for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer according to claim 5, wherein the finite element model comprises a speed reducer shell, shaft teeth, a bearing and a differential structure, and the multi-body dynamic model comprises the speed reducer shaft teeth, a bearing detail structure and shell rigidity.
7. The noise simulation precision improving system of the electric drive speed reducer according to claim 5, wherein the stiffness calculation module is used for calculating initial acting force by assuming initial displacement, and combining stress and deformation curves of a gear and a bearing to obtain the meshing stiffness of the first gear and the stiffness of the first bearing through multiple iterative calculations.
8. The system for improving the noise simulation accuracy of the electrically-driven speed reducer according to claim 5, wherein the inner surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is an outer envelope surface of the speed reducer shell, and the outer surface of the acoustic finite element mesh is formed by integrally expanding more than 2 layers of solid meshes outwards from the inner surface.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method of improving noise simulation accuracy of an electric drive retarder according to any of claims 1-4 when executing the computer program.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the method for improving the noise simulation accuracy of an electric drive retarder according to any of claims 1 to 4.
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