CN115390516A - Unknown nonlinear system distributed control method based on state event triggering - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed control method of an unknown nonlinear system based on state event triggering, which comprises the following steps: constructing a multi-agent system consisting of a plurality of agents, presetting an expected track of a control signal and constructing an intermittent state feedback distributed control model; calculating a running tracking path of the input analog control signal through the model; calculating a tracking error between the running tracking path and the expected track, and performing online training; and stopping training when the tracking error value is attenuated to a residual error range after training to obtain a trained intermittent state feedback distributed control model. The method can realize stable tracking control on the analog control signals of the multiple intelligent systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automatic control, in particular to a distributed control method of an unknown nonlinear system based on state event triggering.
Background
Today, control systems are typically implemented over a network. On-board communication bandwidth and stored energy can be saved if network resources are shared among the sensors/actuators and control input channels, but both resources are limited in an autonomously operating network system. Therefore, maintaining stability under certain communication and energy constraints is critical for networked control systems. A common data transmission/communication method used in conventional digital control techniques is fixed time scheduled sampling, which, however, results in unnecessary overloading of the communication network.
To deal with the above problems of limited resources of microprocessors and limited bandwidth networks, event triggering techniques have been introduced. However, the existing event-triggered control is mainly applied to linear systems, and can be applied to some single non-linear systems, but has a certain limitation. However, a large number of actual networked engineering systems are not within the scope of the above-described applications.
On the other hand, most networked multi-agent systems often lack communication and energy resources, especially when the agents themselves or their internal devices are battery powered, the communication bandwidth and channels between subsystems are limited, which facilitates distributed event-triggered research. The existing distributed state trigger control has the problems of either some strict condition limitation or explosive complexity increase due to repeated/recursive derivation of the virtual controller in the backstepping technique. In addition, under the framework of event-triggered control, the research results of the network nonlinear strict feedback system with mismatch uncertainty are still limited, and the related problems are not solved well.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the current technical method can not stably track and control the analog control signals of a multi-intelligent system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a distributed control method of an unknown nonlinear system based on state event triggering comprises the following steps:
s100: constructing a multi-agent system consisting of a plurality of agents:
y i =x i,1 ;(1)
wherein i represents the ith agent, i =1,2, \8230;, N; x is the number of i,k :R + →R,u i :R + →R,y i :R + → R respectively represent the status, control input and control output of the ith agent, f i,k :R k → R, k =1, \8230;, n denotes an unknown smooth nonlinear function,first derivative, x, representing the state of the ith agent at time k i,k+1 Represents the state at the moment of the ith agent k +1, x i,1 Represents the initial time state of the ith agent, x i,k Indicating the state at time instant of the ith agent k,first derivative, f, representing the state at the end n of the ith agent i,n Representing the unknown smooth non-linear function, x, corresponding to the last n moments of the ith agent i,n Representing the state of the ith agent at the end n moment;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein x is i,k ∈R l Is a neural network input vector, W i,k ∈R p Is an ideal weight matrix of the weight of the image,is W i,k Is transposed, [ phi ] i,k (x i,k )=[φ i,k1 (x i,k ),…,φ i,kp (x i,k )] T ∈R p Is a vector of basis functions; epsilon i,k (x i,k ) Belongs to R as an approximate error, and satisfies | | | phi i,k (x i,k )||≤φ m ,|ε i,k (x i,k )|≤ε m ,Wherein phi is m And ε m Is an unknown normal number, phi i,kh (x i,k ) Denotes a Gaussian function, C = [) 1 ,…,C l ] T To accept domain centers, b h Is the width of the gaussian function;
s200: presetting the expected track y of the control signal 0 The method comprises the following steps of constructing an intermittent state feedback distributed control model of the multi-agent system:
s210: an event trigger mechanism of intermittent state feedback is constructed, and the expression is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,andin order to trigger the threshold value(s),for subsystem i, which represents itself when i =0, the first instant of equation (3) is completed,is the first trigger time of the adjacent subsystem j, l =0,1,2, \8230;, k = 1.., n.;andrespectively, the time taken by agent i and its adjacent agent j to publish their respective state information in the ith event, and the state of agent i and its adjacent agent j remains unchanged, that is, the state of agent i and its adjacent agent j remains unchangedAnd
s220: defining the tracking error of the intermittent state feedback, and the expression is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,is indicative of a trigger threshold value that is,is thatA first trigger time after completion;
s230: an intermittent state feedback distributed control model is constructed according to an event trigger mechanism and a tracking error of intermittent state feedback, and the expression is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,represents W i,k Is estimated by the estimation of (a) a,Γ i,k is a matrix of positive determinations of the position of the object,indicating intermittent state feedback tracking error;
s300: simulating control signals for any multi-agent systemAs an input intermittent state feedback distributed control model to obtain a running tracking path y of a signal i ;
S500: if the tracking error epsilon is attenuated to be within the range of the residual set, obtaining a trained intermittent state feedback distributed control model, and considering that the signal can be stably tracked and controlled at the moment;
if the tracking error epsilon is not attenuated to the range of the residual set, updating by adopting a least square methodAnd returning to S300; the residual set expression is as follows:
wherein | (t) | [0,T] Indicating that the output tracking error is [0, T ]]T is a certain time greater than 0, κ 1 For positive design parameters, Q is a positive definite symmetric matrix, λ min (Q) represents the minimum eigenvalue, V, of the matrix Q n (0) Express Lyapunov function V n Of an initial value of, Δ n Is a constant.
Preferably, the limiting conditions for the event triggering mechanism in S210 are expressed as follows:
wherein, Δ z i,k ,ρ i,kr And τ i,k Is a normal number, and is,z i,k denotes z i,k =x i,k -α i,kf K =2, \8230, n-1, which is a continuous state tracking error,trigger threshold, Δ z, representing the time instant k =1 i,1 Denotes the absolute value of the difference between the two at the time k =1, α i,k Representing first order filters in continuous statesWherein k =2, \8230;, n, u i,k > 0 is a time constant; alpha is alpha i,k-1 Is virtually controlled and serves as an input to a first order filter, and alpha i,kf Denotes alpha i,k-1 Output of (a), a i,k ,γ yi0 And σ yi0 Is a positive design parameter for the purpose of,for a positive design parameter in the intermittent regime, Δ α i,k Representing the absolute value of the difference between the design parameters in continuous and intermittent conditions, where Δ z i,k ,ρ i,kr And τ i,k Being a normal number, dependent on the trigger threshold Δ y 0 ,Topology parameter d i ,μ i Design parameter κ 1 ,μ i,k ,c i,k And b h ,l=2,…,n,h=1,…,p。
Since the proposed distributed state-triggered control is constructed by replacing states with the ones they are triggered, it is important that such replacement not only saves communication and energy resources, but also maintains consensus stability. The application of bandwidth can be effectively reduced by setting the trigger condition, and system resources are saved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the method constructs intermittent state feedback distributed control based on the existing continuous state feedback distributed control according to a constructed event trigger mechanism, and allows the signal to be continuously transmitted backwards when the signal conforms to the trigger mechanism, so that the communication resource of the system is saved, the consensus stability is kept, in addition, the trigger mechanism is added, the control condition is improved, the tracking track of the signal can be basically coincided with the expected track, and the stable tracking control of the multi-agent system is realized.
2. Compared with the existing distributed state trigger control, the method has more loose application conditions and universality. In addition, the control method also solves the problem of explosive increase of complexity caused by repeated/recursive derivation of the virtual controller in the backstepping technology.
3. The existing distributed state trigger control has the limit of some severe conditions, or the problem of complexity explosive growth exists due to repeated/recursive derivation of a virtual controller in a backstepping technology; the control scheme of the invention avoids the problem of complexity explosive growth while relaxing the conditions of the application objects, and can stably track and control the multi-agent system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an agent i control strategy based on state trigger settings.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a multi-agent system communication topology.
Fig. 3 shows the simulation result of the experiment performed by the method.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a distributed control method for an unknown nonlinear system based on state event triggering includes the following steps:
s100: constructing a multi-agent system consisting of a plurality of agents:
wherein i represents the ith agent, i =1,2, \8230;, N; x is the number of i,k :R + →R,u i :R + →R,y i :R + → R respectively represent the status, control input and control output of the ith agent, f i,k :R k → R, k =1, \ 8230;, n denotes an unknown smooth non-linear function,first derivative, x, representing the state at time k of the ith agent i,k+1 Represents the state at the moment of the ith agent k +1, x i,1 Indicating the initial time state, x, of the ith agent i,k Indicating the state at time instant of the ith agent k,first derivative, f, representing the state at the end (n) of the ith agent i,n To representUnknown smooth non-linear function, x, corresponding to the end (n) time of the ith agent i,n Representing the state of the ith agent at the end (n) of the agent;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein x is i,k ∈R l Is a neural network input vector, W i,k ∈R p Is an ideal weight matrix of the weight of the image,is W i,k Is transposed, [ phi ] i , k (x i,k )=[φ i,k1 (x i,k ),···,φ i,kp (x i,k )] T ∈R p Is a vector of basis functions; epsilon i,k (x i,k ) E is an approximation error satisfyingWherein phi is m And ε m Is an unknown normal number, phi i,kh (x i,k ) Denotes a Gaussian function, C = [) 1 ,…,C l ] T To accept domain centers, b h Is the width of the gaussian function;
s200: presetting the expected track y of the control signal 0 The method comprises the following steps of constructing an intermittent state feedback distributed control model of the multi-agent system:
s210: an event trigger mechanism of intermittent state feedback is constructed, and the expression is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,andin order to trigger the threshold value(s),for subsystem i, i =0, representing itself, the first instant of completing equation (3),is the first trigger time of the adjacent subsystem j, l =0,1,2, \8230;, k =1, \8230;, n.;andrespectively, the time taken by agent i and its adjacent agent j to publish their respective state information in the ith event, and the state of agent i and its adjacent agent j remains unchanged, that is, the state of agent i and its adjacent agent j remains unchangedAnd
the limiting conditions for the event triggering mechanism in S210 are expressed as follows:
wherein, Δ z i,k ,ρ i,kr And τ i,k Is a normal number, i =1, \ 8230;, N,k=1,…,n,,z i,k denotes z i,k =x i,k -α i,kf K =2, \ 8230;, n-1, is the continuous state tracking error,trigger threshold, Δ z, indicating the time instant k =1 i,1 Denotes the absolute value of the difference between the two at the time k =1, α i,k Representing first order filters in continuous statesα i,kf (0)=α i,k-1 (0) Where k =2, \ 8230;, n, u i,k 0 is a time constant; alpha (alpha) ("alpha") i,k-1 Is virtually controlled and serves as an input to a first order filter, and alpha i,kf Denotes alpha i,k-1 Output of alpha i,k ,γ yi0 And σ yi0 Is a positive design parameter for the purpose of,for positive design parameters in the intermittent regime, Δ α i,k Representing the absolute value of the difference between the design parameters in continuous and intermittent conditions, where Δ z i,k ,ρ i,kr And τ i,k Is a normal number, dependent on the trigger threshold Δ y 0 ,Topology parameter d i ,μ i Design parameter κ 1 ,μ i,k ,c i,k And b h ,l=2,…,n,h=1,…,p。
S220: defining the tracking error of the intermittent state feedback, and expressing the following expression:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,which is indicative of a trigger threshold value, is,is thatA first time trigger time after completion;
s230: an intermittent state feedback distributed control model is constructed according to an event triggering mechanism and a tracking error of intermittent state feedback, and the expression is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,represents W i,k Is estimated by the estimation of (a) a,Γ i,k is a matrix of positive determinations of the position of the object,indicating intermittent state feedback tracking error;
s300: simulating control signals for any multi-agent systemAs an input intermittent state feedback distributed control model, obtaining a running tracking path y of a signal i ;
S500: stopping the pair when the tracking error epsilon decays to within the range of the residual setThe signal is considered to be capable of performing stable tracking control at the moment; if the attenuation is not within the range of the residual set, updating by adopting a least square method
Returning to the step S300, and stopping training until the tracking error epsilon is attenuated to the range of the residual set to obtain a trained intermittent state feedback distributed control model, wherein the expression of the residual set is as follows:
wherein | | Epsilon (t) | non-woven phosphor [0,T] Indicating that the output tracking error is [0, T ]]T is a certain time point greater than 0, κ 1 For positive design parameters, Q is a positive definite symmetric matrix, λ min (Q) represents the minimum eigenvalue of the matrix Q, V n (0) Representing the Lyapunov function V n Of initial value, Δ n Is a constant.
The training of the intermittent state feedback distributed control model adopts a self-adaptive online training method, which belongs to the prior art and comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that an analog control signal is input into an intermittent state feedback distributed control model, when the input analog control signal of the multi-agent system meets the limiting condition of an event trigger mechanism, a signal is transmitted to the intermittent state feedback distributed control model according to the trigger condition to carry out self-adaptive online training, and the intermittent state feedback distributed control model is continuously updatedThus, the device is provided withCan make it possible toThe updating of the method can adapt to the disturbance of factors such as external noise of the system and the like and the change of the intermittent state feedback distributed control model until the output tracking error is attenuated to the range of the residual set.
Simulation verification
Consider a set of systems consisting of 4 non-linear subsystems with the following kinetic model:
y i =x i,1
where i =1, \ 8230;, 4. Fig. 2 shows the interaction topology of the multi-agent system. In the simulation, a desired trajectory y is set 0 =0.5sin (0.1 t) +0.5sin (0.05 t), initial state x i,1 (0)=1.0,x i,2 (0) =0, trigger threshold isΔy 0 =0.005, parameters are set as: k is a radical of formula 1 =0.5,c 1 =c 2 =5.0, γ yi0 =1.5,σ yi0 =0.001,σ yi1 The RBFNN comprises 25 nodes, and the centers of the nodes are distributed in the space [ -5,5,5 ]],b h Results are shown in fig. 3: FIG. 3 (a) shows the output traces of all subsystems, from which FIG. 3 (b) it can be determined that the output tracking error converges to a tight set near the origin, and FIG. 3 (c) shows the distributed protocol u i FIG. 3 (d) shows a state x i,2 A trigger time.
In addition, to test the impact of trigger thresholds on system tracking performance, selection was madeAnd the same other design parameter set was used, the results are shown in fig. 3 (e) -3 (f): shows two different trigger thresholds lower x i,1 ,x i,2 This indicates that the larger the trigger threshold used, the less trigger time is required, however, the larger the output tracking error is resolved.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A distributed control method of an unknown nonlinear system based on state event triggering is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s100: constructing a multi-agent system consisting of a plurality of agents:
y i =x i,1 ; (1)
wherein i represents the ith agent, i =1,2, \8230;, N; x is the number of i,k :R + →R,u i :R + →R,y i :R + → R denote the status, control input and control output, respectively, of the ith agent, f i,k :R k → R, k =1, \8230;, n denotes an unknown smooth nonlinear function,first derivative, x, representing the state at time k of the ith agent i,k+1 Represents the state at the moment of the ith agent k +1, x i,1 Indicating the initial time state, x, of the ith agent i,k Indicating the state at time instant k of the ith agent,first derivative, f, representing the state at time n of the end of the ith agent i,n Representing the unknown smooth non-linear function, x, corresponding to the last n moments of the ith agent i,n Representing the state of the ith agent at the end n moment;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein x is i,k ∈R l Is a neural network input vector, W i,k ∈R p Is an ideal weight matrix of the weight of the image,is W i,k Is transposed, [ phi ] i,k (x i,k )=[φ i,k1 (x i,k ),…,φ i,kp (x i,k )] T ∈R p Is a vector of basis functions; epsilon i,k (x i,k ) Belongs to R as an approximate error and satisfies | | phi i,k (x i,k )||≤φ m ,|ε i,k (x i,k )|≤ε m ,Wherein phi is m And ε m Is an unknown normal number, phi i,kh (x i,k ) Denotes a Gaussian function, C = [) 1 ,…,C l ] T To accept domain centers, b h Is the width of the gaussian function;
s200: presetting the expected track y of the control signal 0 The method comprises the following steps of constructing an intermittent state feedback distributed control model of the multi-agent system:
s210: an event trigger mechanism of intermittent state feedback is constructed, and the expression is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,andin order to trigger the threshold value(s),for subsystem i, i =0, representing itself, the first instant of completing equation (3),is the first trigger time of the adjacent subsystem j, l =0,1,2, \8230;, k =1, \8230;, n.;andrespectively representing agent i and its neighborsThe time it takes for agent j to publish their respective state information in the l-th event indicates that agent i remains unchanged from its neighboring agent j state, i.e., the agent j state remains unchangedAnd
s220: defining the tracking error of the intermittent state feedback, and expressing the following expression:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,is indicative of a trigger threshold value that is,is thatA first trigger time after completion;
s230: an intermittent state feedback distributed control model is constructed according to an event trigger mechanism and a tracking error of intermittent state feedback, and the expression is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,represents W i,k The estimation of (a) is performed,Γ i,k is a matrix of positive determinations of the position of the object,representing intermittent state feedback tracking error;
s300: simulating control signals for any multi-agent systemAs an input intermittent state feedback distributed control model to obtain a running tracking path y of a signal i ;
S500: if the tracking error epsilon is attenuated to be within the range of the residual set, a trained intermittent state feedback distributed control model is obtained, and at the moment, the signals are considered to be capable of performing stable tracking control;
if the tracking error epsilon is not attenuated to the range of the residual set, updating by adopting a least square methodAnd returning to S300; the residual set expression is as follows:
wherein | epsilon (t) | [0,T] Indicating that the output tracking error is 0, T]T is a certain time greater than 0, κ 1 For positive design parameters, Q is a positive definite symmetric matrix, λ min (Q) represents the minimum eigenvalue, V, of the matrix Q n (0) Express Lyapunov function V n Of initial value, Δ n Is a constant.
2. The distributed control method for the unknown nonlinear system based on the state event trigger as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the limiting conditions for the event trigger mechanism in S210 are expressed as follows:
wherein, Δ z i,k ,ρ i,kr And τ i,k Is a normal number of the blood vessel which is,z i,k denotes z i,k =x i,k -α i,kf K =2, \ 8230;, n-1, is the continuous state tracking error,trigger threshold, Δ z, indicating the time instant k =1 i,1 Denotes the absolute value of the difference between the two at the time k =1, α i,k Representing first order filters in continuous statesWherein k =2, \ 8230;, n, u i,k 0 is a time constant; alpha (alpha) ("alpha") i,k-1 Is virtually controlled and serves as an input to a first order filter, and alpha i,kf Denotes alpha i,k-1 Output of (a), a i,k ,γ yi0 And σ yi0 Is a positive design parameter for the purpose of,for a positive design parameter in the intermittent regime, Δ α i,k Representing the absolute value of the difference between the design parameters in continuous and intermittent conditions, where Δ z i,k ,ρ i,kr And τ i,k Being a normal number, dependent on the trigger threshold Δ y 0 ,Topology parameter d i ,μ i Design parameter κ 1 ,μ i,k ,c i,k And b h ,l=2,…,n,h=1,…,p。
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