CN115387414B - Bucket and excavator - Google Patents
Bucket and excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115387414B CN115387414B CN202211150966.4A CN202211150966A CN115387414B CN 115387414 B CN115387414 B CN 115387414B CN 202211150966 A CN202211150966 A CN 202211150966A CN 115387414 B CN115387414 B CN 115387414B
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- bucket
- bearing surface
- excavator
- bushing
- electrode
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/407—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with ejecting or other unloading device
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
Abstract
The invention relates to a bucket and an excavator, wherein the bucket comprises a bucket body (10) and an anti-adhesion device, the bucket body (10) comprises a bearing surface (11) for bearing an easy-to-adhere object, the anti-adhesion device is arranged on the bucket body (10), the anti-adhesion device comprises a first connecting piece (20) used for being connected with a positive electrode of a power supply and a second connecting piece (30) used for being connected with a negative electrode of the power supply, an electric field which enables an anti-adhesion film to be generated between the easy-to-adhere object and the bearing surface (11) can be formed between the first connecting piece (20) and the second connecting piece (30), and the anti-adhesion film is used for preventing the easy-to-adhere object from adhering to the bearing surface (11). The excavator comprises the excavator bucket. The invention can prevent the easy-to-adhere objects from adhering to the excavator bucket, thereby ensuring that the volume of the excavator bucket is fully utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a bucket and an excavator.
Background
The excavator is used as one of the main models of engineering machinery, plays an increasingly important role in modern construction, has various functions, and can be widely applied to various construction occasions. The working device of the excavator is a main executive of the basic action of the excavator, and the working process comprises the steps of cutting soil by bucket teeth of the excavator, loading the soil into the excavator, lifting the excavator after the excavator is full, turning the excavator to a soil unloading position for unloading the soil, turning the excavator again after the excavator is empty, and descending the excavator to an excavating surface for next excavating. However, when the excavator is constructed for viscous soil, the problem of soil adhesion exists, the amount of accumulated soil adhered in the excavator can reach 20% -25% of the rated capacity, the effective bucket capacity of the excavator can be reduced, the working load of the excavator can be increased, the working cycle time of the excavator is prolonged, and the construction efficiency is reduced.
It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section of the present invention is only for increasing the understanding of the general background of the present invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a bucket and an excavator, which can realize synchronous desorption of an easily-adhered object in the working process of the bucket of the excavator.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bucket comprising:
the bucket body comprises a bearing surface for bearing an easy-to-adhere object; and
the anti-adhesion device is arranged on the excavator bucket body and comprises a first connecting piece connected with the positive electrode of the power supply and a second connecting piece connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, an electric field which enables anti-adhesion films to be generated between the easy-adhesion objects and the bearing surface can be formed between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and the anti-adhesion films are used for preventing the easy-adhesion objects from being adhered to the bearing surface.
In some embodiments, the magnitude of the electric field is adjustable.
In some embodiments, the bearing surface comprises a curved surface, and the anti-adhesion device is disposed at a point of maximum curvature of the bearing surface.
In some embodiments, the anti-adhesion device includes a plurality of first connectors spaced apart along the width of the bucket body.
In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent first connectors is 200-300mm.
In some embodiments, the plurality of first connectors are connected in parallel.
In some embodiments, the bucket body is provided with a mounting hole through which the first connector is mounted to the bucket body.
In some embodiments, the first connector comprises an electrode rod and an electrode cap, the electrode rod is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating mode, the electrode cap is connected to a first end, close to the bearing surface, of the electrode rod, a second end, far away from the bearing surface, of the electrode rod is connected with a positive electrode of the power supply, the electrode cap comprises at least one part of a sphere, and the electrode cap at least partially protrudes out of the bearing surface.
In some embodiments, the bucket further includes an insulating bushing coupled to the negative pole of the power source by a second connector, the insulating bushing configured to maintain insulation between the first connector and the bucket.
In some embodiments, the insulating bushing includes a first bushing and a second bushing, the first bushing and the second bushing being disposed at two ends of the first connector, respectively.
In some embodiments, the first bushing is disposed between the first connector and a wall of the mounting hole, the mounting hole includes a first hole section and a second hole section connected to an end of the first hole section near the bearing surface, a diameter of the second hole section is larger than a diameter of the first hole section, the first bushing includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion having a diameter larger than the first insulating portion, the first insulating portion is disposed in the first hole section, the second insulating portion is disposed in the second hole section, and a length of the second insulating portion is smaller than or equal to a length of the second hole section in an axial direction of the mounting hole.
In some embodiments, the first connector includes an electrode stem inserted into the first insulating portion and an electrode cap connected to the electrode stem, the second insulating portion being provided with a recess, the electrode cap being at least partially embedded in the recess.
In some embodiments, the electrode cap has a diameter greater than the mounting hole, and the bucket further includes a first stop member disposed on a side of the bucket body remote from the bearing surface, the first stop member cooperating with the electrode stem to limit movement of the first connector relative to the bucket body in an axial direction of the mounting hole.
In some embodiments, the height of the electrode cap in the axial direction of the mounting hole is 5-15mm, and the projected radius of the electrode cap in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole is 10-50mm.
In some embodiments, the bucket further comprises a first connecting wire, a second connecting wire and a packaging plate, wherein the first connecting wire is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply and the first connecting piece, the second connecting wire is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply and the second connecting piece, the packaging plate is arranged on one side, far away from the bearing surface, of the bucket body, the packaging plate comprises a containing part, a containing space is formed between the containing part and the bucket body, and the first connecting wire and the second connecting wire are arranged in the containing space.
In some embodiments, the bucket further comprises a first limiting member and a second limiting member, the first limiting member is disposed on a side of the bucket body away from the bearing surface, the second limiting member is disposed on a side of the first limiting member away from the bucket body, and the first connecting wire is disposed between the first limiting member and the second limiting member and wound around the first connecting member so as to be fixed on the first connecting member by extrusion of the first limiting member and the second limiting member.
In some embodiments, the package board is provided with a through hole through which the first connection line and the second connection line are connected to the power source.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavator comprising the bucket described above.
According to the technical scheme, the first connecting piece used for being connected with the positive electrode of the power supply and the second connecting piece used for being connected with the negative electrode of the power supply are arranged on the anti-adhesion device, so that under the condition of electrifying, an electric field can be formed between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, polar particles (such as hydrated ions, water molecules and the like) in an easily-adhered object (such as soil, sand and dust generated in the construction process) can move along the direction of the electric field generated by the electric field along the pore structure in the easily-adhered object towards the negative electrode of the electric field, namely, a liquid film (namely an anti-adhesion film) is formed between the easily-adhered object and the bearing surface through an electroosmosis principle, so that the easily-adhered object is difficult to adhere to the bearing surface, the capacity of the excavator bucket is guaranteed to be fully utilized, the tunneling process of the excavator can be synchronous with the desorption process of the easily-adhered object through the electroosmosis principle, the operation cycle time of the excavator is shortened, and the construction efficiency of the excavator is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of one embodiment of a bucket of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the mounting structure associated with the first attachment member of one embodiment of the bucket of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the arrangement and assembly of a first attachment member in one embodiment of the bucket of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the arrangement of the first attachment member in one embodiment of the bucket of the present invention;
figure 5 shows a schematic structural view of the package plate in one embodiment of the bucket of the present invention.
In the figure:
10. a bucket body; 11. a bearing surface; 20. a first connector; 21. an electrode rod; 22. an electrode cap; 30. a second connector; 40. a mounting hole; 41. a first bore section; 42. a second bore section; 50. a first bushing; 51. a first insulating portion; 52. a second insulating portion; 60. a second bushing; 70. a first limiting member; 80. a package plate; 81. a through hole; 90. a second limiting piece; 100. and (5) a bolt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in some embodiments of the bucket provided by the present invention, the bucket includes a bucket body 10 and an anti-adhesion device, wherein the bucket body 10 includes a bearing surface 11 for bearing an adherend, the anti-adhesion device is disposed on the bucket body 10, the anti-adhesion device includes a first connecting member 20 for connecting with a positive electrode of a power source and a second connecting member 30 for connecting with a negative electrode of the power source, an electric field for generating an anti-adhesion film between the adherend and the bearing surface 11 can be formed between the first connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 30, and the anti-adhesion film is used for preventing the adherend from adhering to the bearing surface 11.
In the operation of the bucket, it is generally necessary to load and transport the easily attachable objects (e.g., soil, sand, etc.), and the inner surface of the bucket is generally the surface of the bucket for carrying the easily attachable objects, so that the bearing surface 11 of the present invention is provided on the inner surface of the bucket body 10. In the construction process, the bearing surface 11 is contacted with the easy-to-adhere object, by arranging the anti-adhesion device on the excavator body 10, and arranging the first connecting piece 20 used for being connected with the positive electrode of the power supply and the second connecting piece 30 used for being connected with the negative electrode of the power supply on the anti-adhesion device, under the condition of electrification, an electric field can be formed between the first connecting piece 20 and the second connecting piece 30 according to the principle of electroosmosis, so that polar particles (such as hydrated ions, water molecules and the like) in the easy-to-adhere object move along the direction of an electric field force generated by the electric field along the direction of a pore structure in the easy-to-adhere object to the negative electrode of the electric field, and a liquid film (namely an anti-adhesion film, for example, a water film or a water-containing mixed liquid film) can be finally formed between the easy-to-adhere object and the bearing surface 11, the capacity of the easy-to-adhere object is difficult to adhere to the bearing surface 11, the capacity of the excavator is fully utilized, the anti-adhesion film is formed by utilizing the electroosmosis principle, the desorption process of the easy-to-adhere object and the excavator can be synchronously carried out with the excavator can be shortened as long as the direction of the contact surface 11 and the easy-to the easy-adhere object.
In the above embodiment, the power source for forming the electric field may be a self-powered power source of the construction machine to which the bucket is attached, or may be a power supply device provided separately to the bucket, and may be selected according to the actual situation.
In some embodiments, the power supply includes a low voltage dc power supply system, and by setting the voltage to be lower than the human body safety voltage, safety during construction operations can be ensured.
In other embodiments, the power source comprises a low voltage pulsed dc power supply system.
In some embodiments, the magnitude of the electric field is adjustable.
By setting the electric field to be adjustable, when facing different easy-to-adhere objects, for example, high-viscosity soil with different water contents, the thickness of a water film formed between the soil and the bearing surface 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the electric field, or the forming speed of the water film can be changed by ensuring the adjustment of the electric field, so that the rapid desorption of the soil can be realized under different water contents.
In some embodiments, the bearing surface 11 comprises a curved surface, and the anti-adhesion means is arranged at the point where the curvature of the bearing surface 11 is greatest.
Because the bucket needs to realize functions such as loading and transporting, the bearing surface 11 needs to be provided with a structure comprising a curved surface, and the maximum curvature of the bearing surface 11 of the bucket is continuously extruded by the easily adhered object according to the movement characteristics and the adhering mechanism of the easily adhered object in the working process of the bucket, the easily adhered object is easily accumulated, and the easily adhered object becomes an initial adhering area and is also a heavy adhering area of the bucket. Because the structure of the excavator bucket is limited, the mode of cleaning the excavator bucket by adopting structures such as an external earth hanging plate is generally difficult to clean the position with the largest curvature on the bearing surface 11 of the excavator bucket, so that the anti-adhesion device is arranged at the position with the largest curvature on the bearing surface 11, the adhesion quantity of the easily adhered objects at the position with the largest curvature on the bearing surface 11 can be effectively reduced, the influence of the structure of the excavator bucket is avoided, the root problem of the adhesion of the excavator bucket can be solved, and the efficient anti-adhesion function of the excavator bucket is realized.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, in some embodiments, the anti-adhesion device includes a plurality of first coupling members 20, the plurality of first coupling members 20 being spaced apart in a width direction of the bucket body 10.
When the bucket is used for construction, it is necessary to cut the easily adhered material with the teeth of the bucket and to load the easily adhered material into the bucket, and as shown in fig. 1, the width direction of the bucket body 10 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the teeth of the bucket, so that the easily adhered material is easily adhered and accumulated in the width direction of the bucket body 10 according to the movement characteristics and the adhering mechanism of the easily adhered material. Through setting up a plurality of first connecting pieces 20 and with a plurality of first connecting pieces 20 along the width direction interval arrangement of bucket body 10, can effectively reduce the adhesion and piling up of easy adhesion thing along the width direction of bucket body 10, avoid forming the "desorption blind area" that the clearance can not get, improve the desorption efficiency to easy adhesion thing greatly to guarantee sufficient antiseized effect.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent first connectors 20 is shown as L, and the number of first connectors 20 and the distance between two adjacent first connectors 20 can be adjusted according to the size of the bucket, the construction requirement, the nature of the adherable object, etc., so that the efficient anti-adhesion function of the bucket can be realized in different environments.
In some embodiments, the first connectors 20 are uniformly arranged along the width direction of the bucket body 10, and may be according to the width L of the bucket body 0 And the distance L between two adjacent first connectors 20, the number of the first connectors 20 is calculated, namely, the number of the first connectors 20 is L 0 /L。
In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent first connectors 20 is 200-300mm.
If the distance between two adjacent first connectors 20 is too large, the ideal anti-sticking effect cannot be achieved, and if the distance between two adjacent first connectors 20 is too small, the number of first connectors 20 will be large, but resistance will be brought to the desorption process of the easily-adhered objects. The inventor finds through many experiments that in the distance range of 200-300mm, a strong enough anti-sticking effect can be ensured and excessive resistance can not be brought to the desorption process.
In some embodiments, the plurality of first connectors 20 are connected in parallel.
By adopting the parallel electroosmosis circuit connection mode, not only the independent control of each first connecting piece 20 can be realized, but also the centralized monitoring of the states of a plurality of first connecting pieces 20 can be realized, the first connecting pieces 20 can be maintained and replaced conveniently, the high efficiency of the desorption process of the easily-adhered objects is ensured, and the reliability of the anti-adhesion effect of the excavator bucket is ensured.
In other embodiments, the plurality of first connectors 20 may also be connected in series.
As shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, the bowl 10 is provided with a mounting hole 40, and the first connector 20 is mounted to the bowl 10 through the mounting hole 40.
In other embodiments, the first connector 20 may be attached to the bowl 10 by adhesive bonding, etc
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the first connector 20 includes an electrode rod 21 and an electrode cap 22, the electrode rod 21 is disposed through the mounting hole 40, the electrode cap 22 is connected to a first end of the electrode rod 21 near the carrying surface 11, a second end of the electrode rod 21 far from the carrying surface 11 is connected to a positive electrode of the power source, the electrode cap 22 includes at least a portion of a sphere, and the electrode cap 22 at least partially protrudes from the carrying surface 11.
The electrode cap 22 is directly and easily contacted with an adhesion object in the working process of the excavator bucket, in the above embodiment, the electrode cap 22 is set to include at least one part of a sphere, that is, the adhesion of the adhesion object to the electrode cap 22 is reduced by the non-adhesion property of a spherical structure, and the electrode cap 22 is set to protrude from the bearing surface 11 at least partially, so that the electrode cap 22 is convenient to contact with the adhesion object, thereby improving the stability of an electroosmotic electric field, ensuring the high efficiency of the desorption process of the adhesion object, and further ensuring the reliability of the anti-adhesion effect of the excavator bucket.
In the above embodiment, the electrode rod 21 and the electrode cap 22 may be integrally formed, or may be integrally connected by welding, plugging, screwing, or the like.
Since the electrode cap 22 is in direct contact with the adherend, there is a demand for abrasion resistance and reliability. In some embodiments, electrode cap 22 is made of a material having high hardness and high wear resistance to reduce wear experienced during contact of electrode cap 22 with the adherend, thereby extending the useful life of electrode cap 22.
In other embodiments, the electrode cap 22 is formed from a hard material that has been cast and quenched.
In some embodiments, the electrode rod 21 is sized to accommodate assembly requirements of buckets of varying thickness.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the bucket further includes an insulating bushing, the bucket body 10 being connected to the negative pole of the power source by a second connector 30, the insulating bushing being configured to maintain insulation between the first connector 20 and the bucket body 10.
In the above embodiment, the bucket body 10 is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply through the second connecting member 30, and the first connecting member 20 is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, so that under the condition of electrification, the bucket body and the first connecting member 20 can form an electric field for generating an anti-sticking film, and by arranging the insulating bush between the first connecting member 20 and the wall of the mounting hole 40, the direct contact of the bucket body and the first connecting member 20 can be avoided, thereby avoiding the short circuit condition caused by the occurrence of the contact between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, thereby ensuring the reliability of the anti-sticking effect, and simultaneously improving the safety of the construction process.
In some embodiments, the walls of the mounting holes 40 are coated with an insulating layer to provide insulation between the bucket body and the first connector 20.
In some embodiments, the outer circumference of the first connector 20 is coated with an insulating layer to achieve an insulating effect between the bucket body and the first connector 20.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the insulating bushing includes a first bushing 50 and a second bushing 60, and the first bushing 50 and the second bushing 60 are disposed at both ends of the first connection member 20, respectively.
Through setting up the first bush 50 and the second bush 60 of locating the both ends of first connecting piece 20 respectively, can improve the convenience of assembly to satisfy the assembly demand of the bucket body 10 and the first connecting piece 20 of different size specifications.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the first bushing 50 is disposed between the first connector 20 and the wall of the mounting hole 40, the mounting hole 40 includes a first hole section 41 and a second hole section 42 connected to an end of the first hole section 41 near the bearing surface 11, the second hole section 42 has a diameter larger than that of the first hole section 41, the first bushing 50 includes a first insulating portion 51 and a second insulating portion 52 having a diameter larger than that of the first insulating portion 51, the first insulating portion 51 is disposed in the first hole section 41, the second insulating portion 52 is disposed in the second hole section 42, and a length of the second insulating portion 52 is smaller than or equal to a length of the second hole section 42 in an axial direction of the mounting hole 40.
The mounting hole 40 is arranged to comprise a first hole section 41 and a second hole section 42 with the diameter larger than that of the first hole section 41, namely the mounting hole 40 is arranged to be a counter bore, and the height of the second hole section 42 is reasonably arranged, so that the first connecting piece 20 can be effectively contacted with the easy-to-adhere object, and meanwhile, the influence of resistance generated in the desorption process of the easy-to-adhere object due to the fact that the first connecting piece 20 protrudes out of the bearing surface 11 is reduced as much as possible. The first bushing 50 is provided to include the first insulating portion 51 and the second insulating portion 52 having a larger diameter than the first insulating portion 51, that is, the first bushing 50 is provided as a T-shaped bushing, and the length of the second insulating portion 52 is set to be smaller than or equal to the length of the second hole section 42 in the axial direction of the mounting hole 40, so that it is ensured that the first bushing 50 does not protrude from the bearing surface 11 of the bucket after the first bushing 50 is mounted in the mounting hole 40, thereby reducing wear of the first bushing 50, and also avoiding the influence of resistance generated by the first bushing 50 on the desorption process of the adherable material.
In some embodiments, the first connection member 20 includes the electrode rod 21 and the electrode cap 22 having a diameter larger than that of the electrode rod 21, and the first bushing 50 includes the first insulating part 51 and the second insulating part 52 having a diameter larger than that of the first insulating part 51, so that after the first bushing 50 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the first connection member 20, the shapes of the first connection member 20 and the first bushing 50 closely fit, so that the insulating effect between the first connection member 20 and the mounting hole 40 can be effectively achieved.
In some embodiments, the function of a T-shaped bushing is achieved by the use of a dielectric spacer in combination with a cylindrical bushing.
In some embodiments, the first bushing 50 and the second bushing 60 are identical in structure. For example, the first bushing 50 and the second bushing 60 are each provided as a T-shaped bushing, or the first bushing 50 and the second bushing 60 are each provided as a cylindrical bushing, and an insulating effect between the electrode cap 22 and the mounting hole 40 is achieved by using an insulating spacer.
In other embodiments, the first bushing 50 and the second bushing 60 are not identical in structure. For example, the first bushing 50 may be provided as a T-shaped bushing and the second bushing 60 may be provided as a cylindrical bushing.
In some embodiments, the first and second bushings 50, 60 are each made of a polymeric wear resistant material (polyurethane, polyethylene, PE, etc.) to ensure wear resistance and reliability of the first and second bushings 50, 60.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the first connector 20 includes an electrode rod 21 and an electrode cap 22 connected to the electrode rod 21, the electrode rod 21 is inserted into the first insulating part 51, the second insulating part 52 is provided with a groove, and the electrode cap 22 is at least partially embedded in the groove.
By providing the groove in the second insulating portion 52 and at least partially embedding the electrode cap 22 in the groove, a short circuit phenomenon caused by contact between the edge portion of the electrode cap 22 and the wall of the second hole section 42 can be avoided, and at the same time, the assembly stability of the first connecting member 20 can be effectively improved by tightly attaching the electrode cap 22 to the groove.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the electrode cap 22 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the mounting hole 40, and the bucket further includes a first stop 70 disposed on a side of the bucket body 10 remote from the bearing surface 11, the first stop 70 cooperating with the electrode stem 21 to limit movement of the first connector 20 relative to the bucket body 10 in the axial direction of the mounting hole 40.
As shown in fig. 2, in the above embodiment, the first stopper 70 is a nut, the outer periphery of the electrode rod 21 is provided with threads, and the first connector 20 is limited in the axial direction of the mounting hole 40 by screwing the first stopper 70.
In other embodiments, the first limiting member 70 is a snap ring structure, the electrode rod 21 is a polished rod, and limiting the first connecting member 20 in the axial direction of the mounting hole 40 can be achieved by clamping the first limiting member 70.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the height of the electrode cap 22 in the axial direction of the mounting hole 40 is shown as H 1 The projected radius of the electrode cap 22 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole 40 is shown as R 1 The maximum radius of the first bushing 50 is shown as R 2 。R 1 、R 2 And H 1 The size of the steel can be adjusted according to the actual construction requirement, so long as R 2 Greater than R 1 So as to ensure the insulation effect between the electrode cap 22 and the mounting hole 40, and the height of the electrode cap 22 protruding from the bearing surface 11 is reasonable so as to ensure the effective desorption of the easily adhered objects.
In some embodiments, the height of the electrode cap 22 in the axial direction of the mounting hole 40 is 5-15mm, and the projected radius of the electrode cap 22 in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole 40 is 10-50mm.
The inventors have found through many experiments that in most cases, the height range and the projection radius range of the electrode cap 22 can be suitable for assembling buckets of different specifications, thereby meeting the anti-sticking requirements of different construction processes.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the bucket further includes a first connection line, a second connection line, and a packaging board 80, the first connection line connects the positive electrode of the power source with the first connection member 20, the second connection line connects the negative electrode of the power source with the second connection member 30, the packaging board 80 is mounted on a side of the bucket body 10 away from the bearing surface 11, the packaging board 80 includes a receiving portion, a receiving space is formed between the receiving portion and the bucket body 10, and the first connection line and the second connection line are disposed in the receiving space.
Through setting up accommodation space to set up first connecting wire and second connecting wire in accommodation space, will concentrate the constraint with the connecting wire of positive negative pole circuit, avoid these parts and easy adhesion thing mutual interference and make the construction resistance increase.
As shown in FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the bucket also includes a plurality of bolts 100 to secure the package plate 80 to the bucket body 10 via the plurality of bolts 100.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the side of the package plate 80 away from the bucket body 10 is in a planar structure, so that the space occupied by the package plate 80 can be reduced, and interference with other components during the construction process of the bucket can be avoided.
In other embodiments, the side of the package plate 80 away from the bucket body 10 may also be configured as an arc surface, which is beneficial to increasing the volume of the accommodating space, and may also avoid adhesion of the flying adhesive on the surface during the construction process to a certain extent.
In some embodiments, the bucket further includes a terminal, and the plurality of first connection lines connected to the plurality of first connectors 20 connected in parallel are collectively collected at the terminal and connected to a power source.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the bucket further includes a first limiting member 70 and a second limiting member 90, the first limiting member 70 is disposed on a side of the bucket body 10 away from the bearing surface 11, the second limiting member 90 is disposed on a side of the first limiting member 70 away from the bucket body 10, and the first connecting wire is disposed between the first limiting member 70 and the second limiting member 90 and wound around the first connecting member 20, so that the first connecting wire is fixed on the first connecting member 20 by extrusion of the first limiting member 70 and the second limiting member 90.
In the above embodiment, the first limiting member 70 and the second limiting member 90 are both sleeved on the electrode rod 21, the first limiting member 70 and the electrode rod 21 may be in threaded fit or snap fit, the second limiting member 90 and the electrode rod 21 may be in threaded fit or snap fit, or other fit manners may be adopted, so long as the first connecting line can be compressed by adjusting the distance between the first limiting member 70 and the second limiting member 90.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the second connecting wire is fixed to the second connecting member 30 in a similar manner to the first connecting wire is fixed to the first connecting member 20, that is, the second connecting wire is compressed by two limiting members sleeved on the second connecting member 30.
In some embodiments, the package board 80 is provided with a through hole 81, and the first and second connection lines are connected to the power source through the through hole 81.
Through setting up the through-hole 81, be convenient for realize accomodating and arrangement to the concentration of first connecting wire and second connecting wire, avoid first connecting wire and second connecting wire to take place to interfere with other structures.
The following describes the specific construction of one embodiment of the bucket of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the bucket provided by the invention comprises a bucket body 10, an anti-adhesion device, a first bushing 50, a second bushing 60, a first connecting wire, a second connecting wire, a packaging plate 80, bolts 100, a first limiting piece 70 and a second limiting piece 90, wherein the bucket body 10 comprises a bearing surface 11 for bearing an easy-to-adhere object, the bearing surface 11 is arranged on the inner surface of the bucket body 10, the anti-adhesion device is arranged on the bucket body 10, and the packaging plate 80 is arranged on one side of the bucket body 10 away from the bearing surface 11 through the bolts 100.
As shown in fig. 2, the anti-adhesion device comprises a first connecting piece 20, a second connecting piece 30, a first bushing 50 and a second bushing 60, wherein a plurality of first connecting pieces 20 are connected in parallel, the plurality of first connecting pieces 20 are uniformly arranged along the width direction of the bucket body 10, a mounting hole 40 is formed in the bucket body 10, the first connecting piece 20 is mounted on the bucket body 10 through the mounting hole 40, the first connecting piece 20 is connected with the positive pole of a power supply through a first connecting wire, the second connecting piece 30 is connected with the bucket body 10, the second connecting piece 30 is connected with the negative pole of the power supply through a second connecting wire, and the bucket body 10 is electrically connected with the negative pole of the power supply through the second connecting piece 30. The first connecting piece 20 comprises an electrode rod 21 and an electrode cap 22 with the diameter larger than that of the electrode rod 21, the first bushing 50 and the second bushing 60 are T-shaped bushings, the mounting hole 40 is counter bored, the first bushing 50 and the second bushing 60 are embedded in the mounting hole 40, the first bushing 50 and the second bushing 60 are respectively sleeved at two ends of the first connecting piece 20, the first bushing 50 is provided with a groove, and the electrode cap 22 is partially embedded in the groove to be tightly attached to the first bushing 50.
As shown in fig. 3, the first limiting member 70 and the second limiting member 90 are nuts, the outer periphery of the electrode rod 21 is provided with threads, the first connecting member 20 can be limited in the axial direction of the mounting hole 40 by screwing the first limiting member 70, the first connecting wire is arranged between the first limiting member 70 and the second limiting member 90 and wound on the electrode rod 21, and the first connecting wire can be fixed on the first connecting member 20 by screwing the second limiting member 90. The second connecting wire is fixed to the second connecting member 30 in a similar manner to the first connecting wire is fixed to the first connecting member 20, that is, the second connecting wire is compressed by two limiting members sleeved on the second connecting member 30.
As shown in fig. 5, the package board 80 is provided with a through hole 81, and the first and second connection lines are connected to a power source through the through hole 81.
In this embodiment, the power source is a vehicle-mounted power source of the engineering truck with the bucket of the invention, and the electroosmotic voltage range provided by the power source is 20-36V.
By way of illustration of various embodiments of the bucket of the present invention, it can be seen that the bucket of the present invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the anti-sticking film is formed by utilizing the electroosmosis principle, so that the easily-adhered objects are difficult to adhere to the bearing surface of the excavator bucket, thereby ensuring that the volume of the excavator bucket is fully utilized;
2. the strength of the electric field for forming the anti-sticking film is adjustable, and the anti-sticking effect of the anti-sticking film on the easily-adhered objects with different properties can be realized, so that the working application range of the excavator bucket is greatly improved;
3. the anti-adhesion device is arranged at the position with the largest curvature of the bearing surface, so that the adhesion quantity of an easy-adhesion object at the position with the largest curvature of the bearing surface can be effectively reduced, the adhesion quantity is not influenced by the structure of the excavator bucket, the root problem of the adhesion of the excavator bucket can be solved, and the efficient anti-adhesion function of the excavator bucket is realized;
4. by adopting the parallel electroosmosis circuit connection mode, not only can the independent control of each first connecting piece be realized, but also the centralized monitoring of the states of a plurality of first connecting pieces can be realized, the first connecting pieces are convenient to maintain and replace, the high efficiency of the desorption process of the easily-adhered objects is ensured, and the reliability of the anti-adhesion effect of the excavator bucket is ensured;
5. the size of the electrode rod can be adjusted according to actual working conditions, and the electrode cap is made of materials with high hardness and high wear resistance, so that the assembly requirements of the buckets with different thicknesses and the construction requirements of different environments can be met;
6. the mounting hole adopts a counter bore type structure, and the insulating bush is made of a high-molecular wear-resistant material, so that abrasion of an anti-adhesion device caused by long-time contact between the excavator bucket and a hard material in the construction process can be effectively prevented, and the safety and reliability of the excavator bucket work are ensured;
7. the connecting wires of the positive and negative circuits are intensively restrained by adopting the packaging plate, so that the construction resistance is prevented from being increased due to the mutual interference between the non-electroosmosis end parts and the easy-to-adhere objects.
Based on the excavator bucket, the invention further provides an excavator, and the excavator comprises the excavator bucket. The positive technical effects of the bucket in the above embodiments are also applicable to the excavator, and are not described herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications and equivalents of the features disclosed herein may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention or to parts of the features may be substituted without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (16)
1. A bucket, comprising:
the bucket body (10) comprises a bearing surface (11) for bearing an easy-to-adhere object; and
the anti-adhesion device is arranged on the bucket body (10) and comprises a first connecting piece (20) used for being connected with a positive electrode of a power supply and a second connecting piece (30) used for being connected with a negative electrode of the power supply, an electric field which enables an anti-adhesion film to be generated between the easy-adhesion object and the bearing surface (11) can be formed between the first connecting piece (20) and the second connecting piece (30), and the anti-adhesion film is used for preventing the easy-adhesion object from being adhered to the bearing surface (11);
the excavator body (10) is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply through the second connecting piece (30), and the periphery of the first connecting piece (20) is coated with an insulating layer so as to insulate the excavator body (10) from the first connecting piece (20);
the excavator bucket further comprises a first connecting wire, a second connecting wire and a packaging plate (80), wherein the first connecting wire is used for connecting the positive electrode of the power supply with the first connecting piece (20), the second connecting wire is used for connecting the negative electrode of the power supply with the second connecting piece (30), the packaging plate (80) is arranged on one side, far away from the bearing surface (11), of the excavator bucket body (10), the packaging plate (80) comprises a containing part, a containing space is formed between the containing part and the excavator bucket body (10), and the first connecting wire and the second connecting wire are arranged in the containing space;
the excavator body (10) is provided with a mounting hole (40), and the first connecting piece (20) is mounted on the excavator body (10) through the mounting hole (40);
the first connecting piece (20) comprises an electrode rod (21) and an electrode cap (22), the electrode rod (21) is arranged in the mounting hole (40) in a penetrating mode, the electrode cap (22) is connected to the first end, close to the bearing surface (11), of the electrode rod (21), and the second end, far away from the bearing surface (11), of the electrode rod (21) is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply.
2. The bucket of claim 1 wherein the magnitude of the electric field is adjustable.
3. Bucket according to claim 1, wherein the bearing surface (11) comprises a curved surface, the anti-adhesion means being arranged at the point of maximum curvature of the bearing surface (11).
4. A bucket according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-adhesion means comprises a plurality of the first connecting members (20), the plurality of first connecting members (20) being arranged at intervals in the width direction of the bucket body (10).
5. Bucket according to claim 4, wherein the distance between two adjacent first connection elements (20) is 200-300mm.
6. Bucket according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of said first connection elements (20) are connected in parallel.
7. Bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode cap (22) comprises at least a part of a sphere and that the electrode cap (22) protrudes at least partially from the bearing surface (11).
8. The bucket according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating bushing, the bucket body (10) being connected to a negative pole of the power source by the second connection (30), the insulating bushing being configured to maintain insulation between the first connection (20) and the bucket body (10).
9. The bucket of claim 8 wherein the insulating bushing comprises a first bushing (50) and a second bushing (60), the first bushing (50) and the second bushing (60) being disposed at opposite ends of the first connector (20), respectively.
10. The bucket according to claim 9, wherein the first bushing (50) is arranged between the first connecting piece (20) and the wall of the mounting hole (40), the mounting hole (40) comprises a first hole section (41) and a second hole section (42) connected to one end of the first hole section (41) close to the bearing surface (11), the diameter of the second hole section (42) is larger than the diameter of the first hole section (41), the first bushing (50) comprises a first insulating part (51) and a second insulating part (52) with a diameter larger than the first insulating part (51), the first insulating part (51) is arranged in the first hole section (41), the second insulating part (52) is arranged in the second hole section (42), and the length of the second insulating part (52) is smaller than or equal to the length of the second hole section (42) in the axial direction of the mounting hole (40).
11. Bucket according to claim 10, characterized in that the first connecting piece (20) comprises an electrode rod (21) and an electrode cap (22) connected to the electrode rod (21), the electrode rod (21) being inserted into the first insulating part (51), the second insulating part (52) being provided with a recess, the electrode cap (22) being at least partially embedded in the recess.
12. The bucket according to claim 7, wherein the electrode cap (22) has a diameter greater than the mounting hole (40), the bucket further comprising a first stop (70) provided on a side of the bucket body (10) remote from the bearing surface (11), the first stop (70) cooperating with the electrode rod (21) to limit movement of the first connector (20) relative to the bucket body (10) in an axial direction of the mounting hole (40).
13. Bucket according to claim 7 or 11, characterized in that the height of the electrode cap (22) in the axial direction of the mounting hole (40) is 5-15mm, and the projection radius of the electrode cap (22) in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole (40) is 10-50mm.
14. The bucket according to claim 1, further comprising a first stop member (70) and a second stop member (90), wherein the first stop member (70) is disposed on a side of the bucket body (10) away from the bearing surface (11), the second stop member (90) is disposed on a side of the first stop member (70) away from the bucket body (10), and the first connecting wire is disposed between the first stop member (70) and the second stop member (90) and is wound around the first connecting member (20) so as to fix the first connecting wire to the first connecting member (20) by extrusion of the first stop member (70) and the second stop member (90).
15. Bucket according to claim 1, wherein the packaging plate (80) is provided with a through hole (81), the first and second connection lines being connected to the power supply through the through hole (81).
16. An excavator comprising a bucket as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211150966.4A CN115387414B (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Bucket and excavator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211150966.4A CN115387414B (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Bucket and excavator |
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| CN115387414A CN115387414A (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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