CN115386890A - Automatic casting part pickling device and pickling process - Google Patents
Automatic casting part pickling device and pickling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115386890A CN115386890A CN202211007082.3A CN202211007082A CN115386890A CN 115386890 A CN115386890 A CN 115386890A CN 202211007082 A CN202211007082 A CN 202211007082A CN 115386890 A CN115386890 A CN 115386890A
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- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- DGCPSAFMAXHHDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;hydrofluoride Chemical compound F.OS(O)(=O)=O DGCPSAFMAXHHDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 iron ion Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- QEFDIAQGSDRHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Cr+3].[Fe+2] Chemical class [O-2].[Cr+3].[Fe+2] QEFDIAQGSDRHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/04—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/083—Iron or steel solutions containing H3PO4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/086—Iron or steel solutions containing HF
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic pickling device and a pickling process for a cast part, and the pickling device comprises a soaking pickling mechanism, a spraying pickling mechanism and a hanging conveying mechanism; the soaking and pickling mechanism comprises a pickling tank which can contain acid liquor and is corrosion-resistant, a plurality of groups of aeration mechanisms are sequentially arranged in the pickling tank along the feeding direction of a workpiece, and the aeration mechanisms are fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the pickling tank; the spraying pickling mechanism comprises a plurality of groups of spraying mechanisms arranged along the feeding direction of a workpiece, and a liquid collecting tank arranged below the spraying mechanisms and used for receiving waste liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting production equipment, in particular to an automatic casting pickling device and a pickling process.
Background
After the workpiece is cast, the surface of the workpiece is usually pickled to remove an oxide layer and a rusted part on the surface layer of the workpiece; the conventional process comprises cleaning the workpiece, soaking in a pickling tank, and performing chemical reaction with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, etc. to remove surface oxide film;
however, for a workpiece welded by stainless steel, the surface layer of a welding position has thick oxide skin, the existing pickling process has high temperature and long time, the processing cost is high, the pickling effect on the thick oxide skin is poor, the pickling requirement of the welding position cannot be met when the pickling time is short, and the problems of over-corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement and the like exist in other positions when the pickling time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems in the prior art, and provides an automatic pickling device and a pickling process for a cast part, wherein the pickling requirement of a welding position is met by a two-step pickling method through dual combination of immersion pickling and jet pickling, and a corrosion inhibitor is added into a pickling agent, so that the problems of over-corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement of other positions are avoided, the product quality is ensured, pickling can be carried out at normal temperature, the pickling time is shortened, the production cost is reduced, and the problems in the background art can be effectively solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an automatic pickling device for cast parts comprises a soaking pickling mechanism, a spraying pickling mechanism and a hanging conveying mechanism;
the soaking and pickling mechanism comprises a pickling tank which can contain acid liquor and is corrosion-resistant, a plurality of groups of aeration mechanisms are sequentially arranged in the pickling tank along the feeding direction of a workpiece, and the aeration mechanisms are fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the pickling tank;
the spraying and pickling mechanism comprises a plurality of groups of spraying mechanisms arranged along the feeding direction of a workpiece and a liquid collecting tank which is positioned below the spraying mechanisms and used for receiving waste liquid, the spraying mechanisms comprise rotating frames rotating along a vertical axis and arc-shaped mounting plates rotatably mounted at the shaft ends of the rotating frames along the vertical axis, a plurality of groups of nozzles are arranged in the arc-shaped mounting plates, and the axes of the nozzles are coincided with the curvature centers of the arc-shaped mounting plates;
and the hanging conveying mechanism can convey the workpiece from the soaking pickling mechanism to the spraying pickling mechanism.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the aeration mechanism comprises aeration plates arranged at the bottom of the pickling tank, a plurality of groups of tiny air outlets are uniformly arranged on the surfaces of the aeration plates, and each group of aeration plates is respectively communicated with an external high-pressure air pipe through an independent control valve.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the two sides above the pickling tank are respectively provided with a negative pressure air exhaust mechanism, an exhaust pipe of the air exhaust mechanism is inserted into the bottom of the liquid collecting tank, and an anti-suck-back bottle is connected in series in the exhaust pipe.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the rotating frame and an external top support are rotatably arranged along a vertical axis, and a driving motor for driving the rotating frame to swing back and forth is fixedly arranged in the top support; the arc mounting panel is vertical to be arranged, and the fixed pendulum rod that is provided with of top level, be provided with the telescopic link between the free end of pendulum rod and the top support, hinged joint is all passed through at the both ends of telescopic link, when telescopic link length changes, can drive the relative swivel mount of arc mounting panel and rotate.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the inner wall of the arc-shaped mounting plate is of a spherical structure, at least two rows of nozzles are arranged in the arc-shaped mounting plate, and the axes of the nozzles are superposed with the spherical center of the spherical surface.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the liquid collecting tank is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by the filter plate, an independent corresponding liquid collecting tank is arranged below each group of spraying mechanisms, and a circulating pump capable of conveying internal liquid to the spraying mechanisms corresponding to the upper part is arranged in each group of liquid collecting tank.
The pickling process for the cast parts is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
removing oil on the surface, soaking the workpiece in a cleaning tank containing a surfactant for 1-2min, washing with hot water, and naturally drying;
soaking and pickling, soaking the workpiece in a pickling tank for 1-2min, and then washing with flowing water through a first-stage spraying mechanism in a spraying and pickling mechanism;
spraying and pickling, wherein the secondary spraying mechanism in the spraying and pickling mechanism is used for spraying and pickling, and the final spraying mechanism is used for washing with running water;
drying;
the pickling bath solution comprises the following components:
hydrochloric acid 280-330ml/L
Phosphoric acid 50-65ml/L
Hydrogen peroxide 100-150ml/L
75-85ml/L stabilizer
2-5ml/L of surfactant;
the spray pickling spray solution comprises the following components:
280-330ml/L of hydrofluoric acid
Sulfuric acid 180-240ml/L
220-260ml/L of hydrogen peroxide
80-100ml/L of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer
0.5-1g/L of pickling inhibitor
2-6ml/L of surfactant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the automatic pickling device and the pickling process for the castings adopt a mode of combining a soaking pickling mechanism with a spraying pickling mechanism, different pickling solvents are adopted in the two pickling modes, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are added in the soaking pickling mode to mainly remove iron oxides on the surfaces of the workpieces, after the etching, the surface quality is good, especially for stainless steel welding castings, surface oxide scales on welding positions are mostly of a double-layer structure, the ferritic stainless steel mainly contains iron oxides, iron chromium oxides are mixed, most of the iron oxides are removed after the soaking pickling, the rest parts are influenced by the iron chromium oxides, the corrosion amount is small, a layer of gray film is attached to the surface after the soaking pickling, and the gloss is poor;
meanwhile, when a workpiece enters a pickling tank, due to the influence of the surface tension of liquid, bubbles are generated on the surface layer of the workpiece and are attached to the surface layer of the workpiece, so that part of the surface layer is not contacted with acid liquor, especially the welding position, the surface flatness of the workpiece is poor, and part of the surface is sunken, so that cavity bubbles are easily generated.
The spray pickling is carried out for the second time, namely, an acid solution of hydrofluoric acid is added, so that the spray pickling has strong dissolving power on iron chromium oxide and manganese oxide, the surface layer of the workpiece is uniformly corroded, the corrosion inhibitor is added, the loss of the workpiece is reduced, the surface of the treated workpiece is clean and bright, and meanwhile, the spray pickling mode is adopted, so that the contact time of the acid solution and the workpiece is favorably shortened, the surface corrosion amount is reduced, and the probability of hydrogen embrittlement is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken at A-A of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a spray pickling mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the operation of the spray mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a pickling tank; 2. an air exhaust mechanism; 3. an aeration mechanism; 4. a liquid collecting tank; 401. a filter plate; 5. a spraying mechanism; 501. an arc-shaped mounting plate; 502. a rotating frame; 503. a telescopic rod; 504. a swing rod; 505. a drive motor; 506. a nozzle; 6. and (4) hanging a conveying mechanism.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic pickling device for cast parts comprises a soaking pickling mechanism, a spraying pickling mechanism and a hanging conveying mechanism 6;
the soaking and pickling mechanism comprises a pickling tank 1 which can contain acid liquor and is corrosion-resistant, a plurality of groups of aeration mechanisms 3 are sequentially arranged in the pickling tank 1 along the feeding direction of workpieces, and the aeration mechanisms 3 are fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the pickling tank 1;
the spraying and pickling mechanism comprises a plurality of groups of spraying mechanisms 5 arranged along the feeding direction of a workpiece and a liquid collecting tank 4 which is positioned below the spraying mechanisms 5 and used for receiving waste liquid, wherein each spraying mechanism 5 comprises a rotating frame 502 rotating along a vertical axis and an arc-shaped mounting plate 501 rotatably mounted at the shaft end of the rotating frame 502 along the vertical axis, a plurality of groups of nozzles 506 are arranged in the arc-shaped mounting plate 501, and the axes of the nozzles 506 are overlapped with the curvature center of the arc-shaped mounting plate 501;
and a hanging and conveying mechanism 6 which can convey the workpiece from the soaking and pickling mechanism to the spraying and pickling mechanism.
Referring to fig. 4, the aeration mechanism 3 comprises aeration plates arranged at the bottom of the pickling tank 1, a plurality of groups of tiny air outlet holes are uniformly arranged on the surfaces of the aeration plates, and each group of aeration plates is respectively communicated with an external high-pressure air pipe through an independent control valve;
let in high-pressure gas to descaling bath 1 bottom through the aeration board, high-pressure gas releases through tiny venthole, produce tiny bubble, tiny bubble is at the in-process that rises, bubble internal pressure reduces, the condition of exploding and splitting appears, it is undulant to drive peripheral acidizing fluid, thereby reduce the influence of work piece surface liquid tension to the pickling effect, high-pressure gas's injection simultaneously, it is mobile to drive inside acidizing fluid, avoid work piece annex iron ion concentration too high, the problem that the oxide layer corrosive effect that causes descends, help shortening pickling time, the probability that hydrogen is crisp appears is reduced.
Referring to fig. 4, the two sides above the pickling tank 1 are respectively provided with a negative pressure air exhaust mechanism 2, an exhaust pipe of the air exhaust mechanism 2 is inserted into the bottom of the liquid collecting tank 4, and an anti-suck-back bottle is connected in series in the exhaust pipe;
Referring to fig. 6, the rotating frame 502 and the external top bracket are rotatably mounted along a vertical axis, and a driving motor 505 for driving the rotating frame 502 to swing back and forth is fixedly arranged in the top bracket; the arc-shaped mounting plate 501 is vertically arranged, the top of the arc-shaped mounting plate is horizontally and fixedly provided with the swing rod 504, the telescopic rod 503 is arranged between the free end of the swing rod 504 and the top support, two ends of the telescopic rod 503 are connected through hinges, and when the length of the telescopic rod 503 is changed, the arc-shaped mounting plate 501 can be driven to rotate relative to the rotating frame 502;
for different workpieces, the widths of the different workpieces are inconsistent, when spraying operation is carried out, the rotating frame 502 is driven to rotate through the driving motor 505, an included angle between the rotating frame 502 and the feeding direction of the workpieces is changed, namely, the spraying distance between the arc-shaped mounting plates 501 on the two sides and the workpieces is changed, meanwhile, the spraying direction of the nozzle 506 is changed, for the workpieces with complex shapes, the workpiece has better surface coverage, meanwhile, the length of the telescopic rod 503 can be changed, the arc-shaped mounting plates 501 are driven to swing relative to the rotating frame 502, the spraying direction of the nozzle 506 in the rotating process of the rotating frame 502 is guaranteed to be unchanged, and therefore the using requirements of various spraying modes are met.
Referring to fig. 5 and 7, the inner wall of the arc-shaped mounting plate 501 is of a spherical structure, at least two rows of nozzles 506 are arranged in the inner wall, and the axes of the nozzles 506 coincide with the spherical center of the spherical surface;
the rotation of the rotating frame 502 is combined, so that the spray nozzle 506 sprays the workpiece from multiple angles, the spraying and pickling of the workpiece with higher surface complexity are met, and a leakage area is avoided.
Referring to fig. 5, the liquid collecting tank 4 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by the filter plate 401, a liquid collecting tank 4 which is individually corresponding to each group of spraying mechanisms 5 is arranged below each group of spraying mechanisms 5, and a circulating pump which can convey the internal liquid to the spraying mechanisms 5 corresponding to the upper part is arranged in each group of liquid collecting tank 4;
the accepted waste liquid is filtered by adding the filter plate 401, and the recycling of the acid liquid is realized through the circulating pump.
Also discloses a casting part pickling process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
removing oil on the surface, soaking the workpiece in a cleaning tank containing a surfactant for 1-2min, washing with hot water, and naturally drying;
soaking and pickling, soaking the workpiece in a pickling tank 1 for 1-2min, and then washing with flowing water through a first-stage spraying mechanism 5 in a spraying and pickling mechanism;
spraying and pickling, wherein spraying and pickling are carried out in a secondary spraying mechanism 5 in the spraying and pickling mechanism, and flowing water washing is carried out in a final stage spraying mechanism 5;
drying;
the solution in the pickling tank 1 contains the following components:
hydrochloric acid 280-330ml/L
Phosphoric acid 50-65ml/L
100-150ml/L of hydrogen peroxide
75-85ml/L stabilizer
2-5ml/L of surfactant
The spray pickling spray solution comprises the following components:
hydrofluoric acid 280-330ml/L
Sulfuric acid 180-240ml/L
220-260ml/L of hydrogen peroxide
80-100ml/L of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer
0.5-1g/L of pickling inhibitor
2-6ml/L of surfactant.
Taking pickling of stainless steel casting welding parts as an example:
before pickling, pretreating a workpiece, precleaning the workpiece by using an alkaline solution or a solution added with a surfactant, removing oil stains on the surface, and washing by using hot water to remove the residual agent on the surface of the workpiece;
compared with the pickling mode of soaking and corroding in acid solution at the temperature of 40 ℃ for 10min in the prior art, the pickling process has the advantages of short time, normal temperature and the like;
in the soaking and pickling step, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid mainly corrode oxide skin, namely internal iron oxide, at the welding position, iron-chromium oxide on the surface of stainless steel parts in other areas is slightly corroded, and hydrogen ions are difficult to enter the inside of a workpiece, so that hydrogen embrittlement is avoided;
meanwhile, hydrogen peroxide and a stabilizer thereof are added, so that the structure of an oxide film of the stainless steel surface which is difficult to dissolve in the pickling solution is changed, and the pickling effect is enhanced;
a spraying and pickling step, wherein before spraying and pickling, the acid solution on the surface layer of the workpiece is sprayed by first-stage clean water, then a new pickling solvent is sprayed again, and hydrofluoric acid, a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor are added into the new pickling solvent, wherein the hydrofluoric acid has strong dissolving capacity on indissolvable iron chromium oxide, manganese oxide and molybdenum oxide, and fluorine ions are good complexing agents and form complex ions with reacted metal ions, so that the surface quality of stainless steel is improved, the stability of the pickling solution can be improved, the surface quality of the treated workpiece is good, and the smoothness is high;
meanwhile, the surfactant can remarkably reduce the interfacial tension between the pickling solution and the workpiece, improve the corrosion capability of the pickling solution and meet the corrosion requirement of a welding area; meanwhile, the corrosion inhibitor is added, so that the reaction speed can be controlled, and over-corrosion can be avoided.
And the secondary pickling adopts a spray pickling mode, so that acid liquor can flow quickly after the surface of the workpiece reacts, and the problem of hydrogen brittleness caused by the fact that hydrogen ions on the surface invade the inside of the workpiece due to the fact that the concentration of the hydrogen ions on the surface of the workpiece is increased is avoided.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an automatic change casting acid dip pickle, includes and soaks pickling mechanism, sprays pickling mechanism and hang conveying mechanism (6), its characterized in that:
the soaking and pickling mechanism comprises a pickling tank (1) which can contain acid liquor and is corrosion-resistant, a plurality of groups of aeration mechanisms (3) are sequentially arranged in the pickling tank (1) along the workpiece feeding direction, and the aeration mechanisms (3) are fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the pickling tank (1);
the spraying and pickling mechanism comprises a plurality of groups of spraying mechanisms (5) arranged along the feeding direction of a workpiece, and a liquid collecting tank (4) which is positioned below the spraying mechanisms (5) and used for receiving waste liquid, wherein the spraying mechanisms (5) comprise a rotating frame (502) rotating along a vertical axis, and an arc-shaped mounting plate (501) rotatably mounted at the shaft end of the rotating frame (502) along the vertical axis, a plurality of groups of nozzles (506) are arranged in the arc-shaped mounting plate (501), and the axis of each nozzle (506) is overlapped with the curvature center of the arc-shaped mounting plate (501);
and a hanging conveying mechanism (6) which can convey the workpiece from the soaking pickling mechanism to the spraying pickling mechanism.
2. The automated cast pickling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the aeration mechanism (3) comprises aeration plates arranged at the bottom of the pickling tank (1), a plurality of groups of tiny air outlets are uniformly arranged on the surfaces of the aeration plates, and each group of aeration plates are communicated with an external high-pressure air pipe through an independent control valve.
3. The automated cast pickling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the pickling tank is characterized in that air exhaust mechanisms (2) with negative pressure are respectively arranged on two sides above the pickling tank (1), an exhaust pipe of each air exhaust mechanism (2) is inserted into the bottom of the liquid collecting tank (4), and a suck-back prevention bottle is connected in series in the exhaust pipe.
4. The automated cast pickling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the rotating frame (502) and an external top support are rotatably arranged along a vertical axis, and a driving motor (505) for driving the rotating frame (502) to swing back and forth is fixedly arranged in the top support; arc mounting panel (501) are vertical to be arranged, and the top level is fixed and is provided with pendulum rod (504), be provided with telescopic link (503) between the free end of pendulum rod (504) and the top support, the both ends of telescopic link (503) all are through hinged joint, when telescopic link (503) length changes, can drive arc mounting panel (501) relative swivel mount (502) and rotate.
5. The automated cast pickling apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the inner wall of the arc-shaped mounting plate (501) is of a spherical structure, at least two rows of nozzles (506) are arranged in the arc-shaped mounting plate, and the axes of the nozzles (506) coincide with the sphere center of the spherical surface.
6. The automated cast pickling apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the liquid collecting tank (4) is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer through the filter plate (401), the liquid collecting tank (4) which corresponds to each group of spraying mechanisms (5) is arranged below each group of spraying mechanisms, and a circulating pump which can convey the internal liquid to the spraying mechanisms (5) corresponding to the upper side is arranged in each group of liquid collecting tank (4).
7. A pickling process for castings based on the pickling device of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
removing oil on the surface, soaking the workpiece in a cleaning tank containing a surfactant for 1-2min, washing with hot water, and naturally drying;
soaking and pickling, namely soaking the workpiece in a pickling tank (1) for 1-2min, and then washing with flowing water through a first-stage spraying mechanism (5) in a spraying and pickling mechanism;
spraying and pickling, wherein spraying and pickling are carried out in a secondary spraying mechanism (5) in the spraying and pickling mechanism, and flowing water washing is carried out in a final stage spraying mechanism (5);
drying;
the solution in the pickling tank (1) comprises the following components:
hydrochloric acid 280-330ml/L
Phosphoric acid 50-65ml/L
100-150ml/L of hydrogen peroxide
75-85ml/L stabilizer
2-5ml/L of surfactant;
the spray pickling spray solution comprises the following components:
280-330ml/L of hydrofluoric acid
Sulfuric acid 180-240ml/L
220-260ml/L of hydrogen peroxide
80-100ml/L of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer
Pickling inhibitor 0.5-1g/L
2-6ml/L of surfactant.
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| CN202211007082.3A CN115386890A (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Automatic casting part pickling device and pickling process |
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| CN113774394A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-12-10 | 江苏兴隆防腐设备有限公司 | Closed pickling system |
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