CN115386818A - Thermomechanical treatment method for Al-Cu-Li alloy hot-rolled plate blank - Google Patents
Thermomechanical treatment method for Al-Cu-Li alloy hot-rolled plate blank Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910017539 Cu-Li Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel thermomechanical treatment method for an Al-Cu-Li alloy industrialized hot rolled plate, which comprises the following three stages: 1) The hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy plate is directly subjected to solid solution treatment without a cold rolling process; 2) Carrying out cold rolling pre-deformation of 5-50% on the alloy after the solution treatment; 3) Preserving the heat for 4 to 96 hours at the temperature of between 145 and 165 ℃. Compared with the conventional hot rolling-cold rolling-solid solution-aging deformation heat treatment process, the invention has the characteristics that: directly carrying out solution treatment on the hot rolled plate without cold rolling; the cold rolling after the solution treatment has large pre-deformation amount which exceeds the general pre-deformation range, and then the aging treatment is immediately carried out. After the thermomechanical treatment process, the tensile strength of the Al-Cu-Li alloy can reach 595-650 MPa while the Al-Cu-Li alloy keeps better plasticity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat treatment of metal materials, in particular to a method for carrying out shape heating treatment on a hot rolled plate blank of Al-Cu-Li alloy.
Background
The Al-Cu-Li alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, high specific modulus and the like, is considered to be an excellent structural material in the aerospace field, and has replaced the traditional aluminum alloy at the key structural parts of various aerospace aircrafts. Thermomechanical treatment is one of the key processes for obtaining excellent performance of Al-Cu-Li alloy. Common deformation processing methods for aluminum alloys include: rolling, extruding, forging, spinning, superplastic forming and the like. The deformation processing of the Al-Cu-Li alloy also includes methods such as rolling, extrusion, and forging. As the rolling method, there are two types of methods: the first method is as follows: hot rolling, cold rolling, solid solution, aging or hot rolling, cold rolling, solid solution, 3 to 5 percent of pre-deformation and aging; the second method is represented by the scheme described in patent CN 110331351A: the method comprises the specific operations of carrying out four-stage homogenization heat treatment on an aluminum-lithium alloy cast ingot, processing the aluminum-lithium alloy cast ingot into a blank, then carrying out hot rolling to obtain a plate, carrying out pre-stretching deformation on the plate after carrying out solid solution and quenching treatment, and finally carrying out artificial aging treatment to a T8 state; the four-stage homogenization treatment process comprises the following steps: firstly heating to 95-121 ℃ and preserving heat for 6-24 h, then heating to 320-400 ℃ and preserving heat for 3-16 h, then heating to 420-450 ℃ and preserving heat for 4-12 h, and finally heating to 480-510 ℃ and preserving heat for 8-24 h. The method has certain strengthening effect on Al-Cu-Li alloy.
In the prior art, al-Cu-Li series alloy with good plasticity while ultrahigh strength is difficult to obtain. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel thermomechanical treatment method for Al-Cu-Li alloys to improve the application value and widen the application field of Al-Cu-Li alloys.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further improve the performance of Al-Cu-Li alloy rolled products and reduce the preparation process, the invention firstly tries to utilize a simple solid solution technology aiming at a hot rolled plate and then cooperates with a cold rolling pre-deformation and aging process with large deformation; and some effects are obtained.
The invention relates to a thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li series alloy hot rolling slab; the method can promote the sufficient release of the alloy strain energy, and can keep better plasticity while remarkably improving the strength of Al-Cu-Li alloy rolling products.
The method comprises the following steps:
step one
Directly carrying out solid solution treatment on the hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy plate without cold rolling; quenching after the solution treatment; when solid solution is carried out, the solid solution temperature is controlled to be 515-525 ℃, and the solid solution time is 1-3 h;
step two
Rapidly carrying out 10-50% cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy quenched in the step one;
step three
And (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation in the step two, wherein the aging temperature is as follows: 145-165 ℃, aging time: and 4-96 h to obtain a finished product.
In the invention, a thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li alloy hot-rolled plate blank; in the first step, the quenching medium is water in a normal temperature state, and the quenching transfer time is 1-5 s.
Preferably, the present invention provides a method for thermomechanical treatment of a hot-rolled slab of an Al-Cu-Li alloy, wherein the Al-Cu-Li alloy comprises the following components, by mass:
cu: 3.4-3.8%, li 0.8-2.3%, zn:0.17 to 1.0%, mg:0.25 to 0.5%, mn:0.2 to 0.6%, zr:0.08 to 0.2 percent of Al, and the balance of Al.
When the method is applied in industry, the temperature can be raised to 450-470 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 5-7 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 30min; then heating to 490-500 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-4 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 20min; finally, heating to 515-525 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 60-180 min; after the heat preservation is finished, the alloy is quenched and cooled to room temperature, the quenching medium is water in a normal temperature state, and the quenching transfer time is 1-5 s.
Preferably, in the first step of the thermomechanical treatment method of a hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy slab, the thickness of the hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy plate is 5 to 30mm, preferably 10 to 20mm.
The alloy after cold rolling and pre-deformation in the second step can be put into equipment with electric heating air blast for aging treatment in industrial application.
In the invention, a thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li alloy hot-rolled plate blank; through the treatment, the tensile strength of the obtained finished product is 595-650 MPa, the yield strength is 570-616MPa, and the elongation is 6.4-7.7%.
Preferably, the method for the thermomechanical treatment of the hot rolled slab of the Al-Cu-Li alloy is to perform cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy quenched in the first step by 25 to 35 percent or 8 to 12 percent.
Preferably, the method for the thermomechanical treatment of the hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy slab has an aging time of 6 to 96 hours. In the invention, the mechanical property of the product can be rapidly improved by extremely short aging time (such as 6-10 h) in combination with early large-deformation cold rolling.
Preferably, the aging temperature of the method for the thermomechanical treatment of the hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy slab is 160-165 ℃.
Preferably, in the third step, the Al-Cu-Li alloy hot-rolled slab is subjected to the aging treatment and then is subjected to water cooling in industrial application.
Preferably, the thermomechanical treatment method of the Al-Cu-Li system alloy hot rolled plate blank is used for carrying out 25-35% cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy after quenching in the first step, and under the deformation condition, the product with the elongation of 6.4-7.2%, the yield strength of 585-616MPa and the tensile strength of 598-642MPa can be obtained by matching with aging at 160-165 ℃ for 6-10 h.
More preferably, the thermomechanical treatment method of the Al-Cu-Li series alloy hot rolled slab of the invention is to carry out 25-35% cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy after quenching in the first step, under the deformation condition, the product with the elongation of 7.1-7.2%, the yield strength of 615-616MPa and the tensile strength of 640-642MPa can be obtained by matching with aging of 6h at 160-165 ℃. In the invention, the time consumption of the scheme is the shortest, and the comprehensive performance of the product is far better than that of other schemes.
Preferably, the thermomechanical treatment method of the Al-Cu-Li series alloy hot rolled slab is used for carrying out 9-11% cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy after quenching in the first step, and under the deformation condition, the product with the elongation of 7.2-7.3%, the yield strength of 600-602MPa and the tensile strength of 620-625MPa can be obtained by matching with aging of 82-86h at 145-146 ℃. In the invention, the product obtained by the scheme has higher strength and better elongation than other schemes. When the method is applied in industry, a proper scheme can be selected for processing according to the service environment.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li alloy hot-rolled plate blank, which directly carries out solid solution treatment on a hot-rolled alloy plate without cold rolling and aging after strong pre-deformation. The traditional hot rolling-cold rolling-solid solution-aging deformation heat treatment Al-Cu-Li series alloy strength ceiling is broken through.
Detailed Description
The novel method of thermomechanical treatment of an Al-Cu-Li based alloy of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
The 2A97 aluminum lithium alloy is adopted in comparative examples 1-6 and examples 1-6, wherein the alloy components adopted in comparative examples 3-4 and examples 1-4 are completely the same and slightly different from comparative examples 1-2. The alloy components in comparative examples 1-2 are calculated by mass percent: cu:3.85%, li:1.39%, zn:0.48%, mg:0.4%, zr:0.15 percent and the balance of Al. And (3) carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the ingots in comparative examples 1-2 at 520 ℃/24h, carrying out hot rolling to 4.5mm, and carrying out cold rolling to 2mm.
Comparative examples 3 to 6 and examples 1 to 6 are commercial hot-rolled sheets of 20mm thickness. The alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu:3.44%, li:1.39%, zn:0.48%, mg:0.40%, mn:0.28%, zr:0.15%, fe:0.15 percent; si:0.034% and the balance of Al.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, examples 1-6 were carried out as follows,
step one
Directly carrying out solid solution treatment on the hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy plate without cold rolling; quenching after the solution treatment; when solid solution is carried out, the solid solution temperature is controlled to be 515-525 ℃, and the solid solution time is 1-3 h;
the alloy solution quenching treatment parameters in the first step are as follows:
firstly, heating to 460 ℃ at a heating rate of 6 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30min; then heating to 495 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-4 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 20min; finally, heating to 520 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 120min; after the heat preservation is finished, the alloy is quenched and cooled to room temperature, the quenching medium is water in a normal temperature state, and the quenching transfer time is 3s.
Step two
Rapidly performing 10-50% cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy quenched in the first step;
step three
And (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation in the step two, wherein the aging temperature is as follows: 145-165 ℃, aging time: and 4-96 h to obtain a finished product. Specific conditions are as follows.
The comparative examples 1 to 4 are carried out according to the route of solid solution, water quenching and aging, and the conditions are consistent with the conditions of the step one; the difference is that:
comparative example 1: the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃/2h (salt bath furnace) and then is kept at 165 ℃ for 60h.
Comparative example 2: the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃/2h (salt bath furnace), and then is kept at 175 ℃ for 48h.
Comparative example 3: the sample is subjected to solid solution water quenching at 520 ℃/2h and then is kept at 165 ℃ for 60h.
Comparative example 4: the sample is subjected to 520 ℃/2h solid solution water quenching and then is kept at 175 ℃ for 48h.
The technical routes of comparative examples 5 to 6 and examples were carried out under conditions consistent with those of the above examples; the difference is that:
comparative example 5: after the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃/2h, the sample is subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation for 2 percent, and then the sample is subjected to heat preservation for 6h at 165 ℃.
Comparative example 6: after the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃/2h, the sample is subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation of 60 percent, and then the sample is subjected to heat preservation at 165 ℃ for 6h.
Other conditions were consistent in each example, with the following differences:
example 1: after the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃ for 2h, the sample is subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation of 5 percent, and then the sample is subjected to heat preservation at 145 ℃ for 96h.
Example 2: after the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃/2h, the sample is subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation by 10 percent, and then the sample is subjected to heat preservation at 145 ℃ for 84h.
Example 3: after the sample is subjected to 520 ℃/2h solid solution water quenching, the sample is subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation for 10 percent, and then the temperature is kept at 165 ℃ for 12h.
Example 4: after the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃/2h, the sample is subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation of 30 percent, and then the sample is subjected to heat preservation at 165 ℃ for 6h.
Example 5: after the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃/2h, the sample is subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation of 30 percent, and then the sample is subjected to heat preservation at 165 ℃ for 8h.
Example 6: after the sample is subjected to solid solution and water quenching at 520 ℃/2h, the sample is subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation for 30 percent, and then the sample is subjected to heat preservation for 10h at 165 ℃.
Table 1 shows the tensile properties of the alloys after different thermomechanical treatment processes.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications and variations can be made in the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. And variations such as those taught are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A novel thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li alloy is characterized in that; the method comprises the following steps:
step one
Directly carrying out solid solution treatment on the hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy plate without cold rolling; quenching after solution treatment; when solid solution is carried out, the solid solution temperature is controlled to be 515-525 ℃, and the solid solution time is 1-3 h;
step two
Rapidly carrying out 10-50% cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy quenched in the step one;
step three
And (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy subjected to cold rolling and pre-deformation in the step two, wherein the aging temperature is as follows: 145-165 ℃, aging time: and 4-96 h to obtain a finished product.
2. The thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li system alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 1; the method is characterized in that: the Al-Cu-Li alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass;
cu: 3.4-3.8%, li 0.8-2.3%, zn:0.17 to 1.0%, mg:0.25 to 0.5%, mn:0.2 to 0.6%, zr:0.08 to 0.2 percent of Al, and the balance of Al.
3. The thermomechanical treatment process of an Al-Cu-Li series alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 1; the method is characterized in that: in the first step, the quenching medium is water in a normal temperature state, and the quenching transfer time is 1-5 s.
4. The thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li system alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 1; the method is characterized in that: in the first step, the hot-rolled Al-Cu-Li alloy sheet has a thickness of 5 to 30mm, preferably 10 to 20mm.
5. The thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li system alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 2; the method is characterized in that: the tensile strength of the finished product is 595-650 MPa, the yield strength is 570-616MPa, and the elongation is 6.4-7.7%.
6. The thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li system alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 2; the method is characterized in that: the aging time is 6-96 h.
7. The thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li system alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 2; the method is characterized in that: and (3) carrying out cold rolling pre-deformation of 25-35% or 8-12% on the alloy quenched in the step one.
8. The thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li system alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 2; the method is characterized in that: the invention relates to a thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li alloy hot-rolled plate blank, wherein the aging temperature is 160-165 ℃.
9. The thermomechanical treatment method of an Al-Cu-Li system alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 1; the method is characterized in that: performing 25-35% cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy quenched in the step one, and obtaining a product with the elongation of 6.4-7.2%, the yield strength of 585-616MPa and the tensile strength of 598-642MPa by matching with aging at 160-165 ℃ for 6-10h under the deformation condition; or
And (3) carrying out 9-11% cold rolling pre-deformation on the alloy quenched in the step one, and under the deformation condition, matching with aging for 82-86h at 145-146 ℃, so that a product with the elongation of 7.2-7.3%, the yield strength of 600-602MPa and the tensile strength of 620-625MPa can be obtained.
10. The thermomechanical treatment process of an Al-Cu-Li series alloy hot-rolled slab according to claim 9; the method is characterized in that: and (3) carrying out cold rolling pre-deformation of 25-35% on the alloy quenched in the step one, and under the deformation condition, matching with aging at 160-165 ℃ for 6h, obtaining a product with the elongation of 7.1-7.2%, the yield strength of 615-616MPa and the tensile strength of 640-642 MPa.
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CN115896652A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-04-04 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of high-strain-rate superplastic aluminum lithium alloy fine-grain plate |
CN115896652B (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-05-03 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of superplastic aluminum-lithium alloy fine-grain plate with high strain rate |
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