CN115385722A - Method for prolonging cutting life of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter - Google Patents
Method for prolonging cutting life of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN115385722A CN115385722A CN202110563163.0A CN202110563163A CN115385722A CN 115385722 A CN115385722 A CN 115385722A CN 202110563163 A CN202110563163 A CN 202110563163A CN 115385722 A CN115385722 A CN 115385722A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/0072—Heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention relates to a surface treatment method for a metal-cutting polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter, in particular to a surface treatment method capable of prolonging the service life of the metal-cutting polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter, which comprises the following process steps: selecting a cutter, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 30min by adopting an acetone solution to remove impurities such as oil stains on the surface; placing the processed cutter into a program deep cooling tank, strictly controlling the cooling rate to be 5 ℃/min, slowly reducing the temperature to be-150 ℃ to-190 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3-18h, then slowly heating to the room temperature (the heating rate is 2 ℃/min), after the processing is finished, placing the cutter into a resistance furnace to carry out tempering treatment at the temperature of 150 ℃ to 200 ℃ (the heating rate is 2 ℃/min), keeping the temperature for 1-3h, and then cooling to the room temperature along with the furnace; and after the treatment is finished, taking out the cutter, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the cutter for 5min by using an acetone solution. The invention uses the cryogenic treatment process to carry out surface treatment on the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter, has low cost, is easy to realize large-scale industrial application, can improve the internal structure of the cutter, improves the surface performance and prolongs the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a surface treatment method for prolonging the service life of a metal cutting polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter, belonging to the field of surface treatment.
Background
Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutters, as a symbolic achievement in the development of modern cutters, play an important role in the manufacturing industry and are applied to more fields of high-speed hard cutting, micro machining and high-precision machining. Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutters wear very severely during such high speed, high hardness machining by hard cutting. When the tool is worn to a certain extent during machining, the quality of the machined workpiece cannot be guaranteed, and the quality and the precision of the machined surface are reduced. And the more serious abrasion condition can also cause the damage of the cutter and the rejection of the processed workpiece. Tools for hard cutting, such as polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, are relatively expensive and increase the cost of machining if the tool cannot be maintained for a longer life. Therefore, the method for improving the performance of the PCBN cutter has very important significance for the quality and the economic benefit of hard cutting.
The cryogenic treatment technology is a new technology developed on the basis of common cold treatment (-100 to 0 ℃) in the 60 th century of 20 years, is a method for treating materials at the temperature below-130 ℃, and is one of the latest strengthening and toughening treatment processes of materials. The cryogenic treatment can effectively improve the mechanical properties and the service lives of steel materials, nonferrous metals and composite materials, stabilize the size, improve the uniformity, reduce the deformation and has simple and convenient operation. The cryogenic treatment can obviously improve the toughness of the workpiece under the condition of not reducing the strength and the hardness of the workpiece, has no pollution and low cost, and has positive application prospect and development space. The cryogenic treatment process has already achieved certain achievements on hard alloy coating cutters and high-speed steel cutters, and can effectively prolong the service lives of the two cutters, but the research on the cryogenic treatment process of the finished polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutters at home and abroad is very little, and a complete research system is not formed yet.
After the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter finished product is subjected to cryogenic treatment, the acting force during machining is effectively improved on the premise of improving the surface integrity. Under the action of surface treatment technology, the wear resistance, toughness, impact resistance and chipping resistance of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter are obviously improved, and the service life is prolonged. The surface treatment technology promotes the development and production of a novel high-performance cutter, improves the processing efficiency and reduces the production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cryogenic treatment method for improving the service life of a metal cutting finished product polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter, which is suitable for prolonging the service life of the finished polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter on a large scale. The technical scheme is as follows:
a surface treatment method for prolonging the service life of a metal cutting polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a finished polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 30min by adopting an acetone solution to remove impurities such as oil stains on the surface;
(2) Placing into a program-controlled deep cooling tank, treating at-150 deg.C to-190 deg.C, holding for 3-18h, tempering at 150-200 deg.C, and holding for 1-3h;
(3) Taking out the cutter after the treatment is finished, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the acetone solution for 5min to remove surface impurities;
(4) The treated tool was subjected to a cutting test.
Further, in the cryogenic treatment process in the step (2), the temperature is slowly reduced from room temperature at a rate of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is maintained for 3-18h when the temperature of liquid nitrogen is reduced to-150 ℃ to-190 ℃, then the temperature is restored to room temperature (the temperature rise rate is 2 ℃/min), the tool subjected to cryogenic treatment is placed into a resistance furnace, tempering treatment is carried out at a temperature of 150 ℃ to 200 ℃, the temperature rise rate is 2 ℃/min, the temperature is maintained for 1-3h, and then the tool is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace.
Furthermore, during the cryogenic treatment in the step (2), two treatment methods are provided for returning to room temperature after the cryogenic treatment, one is that the temperature of the cutter after the cryogenic treatment is slowly raised to the room temperature in the program cryogenic box, and the other is that the cutter after the cryogenic treatment is directly taken out from the program cryogenic box and returned to the room temperature.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a cryogenic treatment process for finished polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter manufacturers, and can solve the problem of over short service life of the cutter caused by serious cutter abrasion. In the arranged cryogenic treatment, the mechanical property of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter material can be effectively improved by the liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment, and the generated residual thermal stress can be effectively eliminated by the subsequent tempering treatment. The cutting test of the cutter subjected to cryogenic treatment proves that the acting force of the cutter during processing is obviously reduced, the processing condition is better, and the processing cost is reduced. The method is applied to cutting of metal materials and materials difficult to machine, and experimental results show that the method can improve the cutting performance of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter, can greatly prolong the service life of the cutter, provides a new idea for preparation and surface treatment of the cutter, and has general scientific significance and practical value.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
the cutting tool is a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride tool (Beijing Wald), the workpiece material is AISI4340 high-strength steel commonly used in aerospace, a test is carried out on a numerical control lathe CKD6136i (Dalian machine tool factory), the microhardness of the surface of the tool is measured by a micro Vickers hardness tester (HVS-1000A, rieger City, laizhou), and the average value is obtained by measuring five times for each tool; testing the surface roughness of the cutter by adopting a white light interference surface profiler (model Veeco NT 9300), and measuring each cutter for three times and taking an average value; observing the surface appearance (SEM) of the cutter by using a Quanta250 scanning electron microscope; the residual stress on the surface of the tool was measured using an X-ray residual stress tester (model X-stress 3000, strestech Oy, co, LTD, finland), and the average was taken of three measurements per tool. And analyzing the phase in the cutter substrate by adopting an X-ray diffractometer (smartlab 9 kw), wherein the target material is a copper target, the measuring range is 10-90 degrees, and the scanning speed is 4 degrees/min.
1. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter (Beijing Walld) is cleaned by adopting acetone solution for 30min by ultrasonic waves, and oil stains on the surface are removed for standby;
2. and (3) carrying out cryogenic treatment on the cutter, slowly cooling the cutter in cryogenic treatment equipment at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min to-190 ℃, keeping the temperature of the cutter for 12h, and then slowly heating the cutter (at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min). After the cutter reaches the room temperature, placing the cutter in a resistance furnace for tempering, wherein the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, the temperature is 150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2h, and cooling the cutter to the room temperature along with the furnace after the treatment is finished;
3. taking out the cutter after the treatment is finished, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the cutter for 5min by using an alcohol solution to remove surface impurities;
4. using cutting speedv=300m/min, depth of cuta p Feed rate of 0.1mmfThe method is characterized in that the high-speed cutting test is carried out by =0.1mm/r, and the wear loss VB =0.3mm is taken as the cutter failure standard;
5. the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter subjected to cryogenic treatment is subjected to AISI4340 high-strength steel turning test, compared with an untreated cutter, the cutting force of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter subjected to the treatment is reduced, and the service life of the cutter subjected to cryogenic treatment for 12 hours is prolonged by more than 15.96%.
The second embodiment:
the cutting tool is a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride tool (Beijing Wald), the workpiece material is AISI4340 high-strength steel commonly used in aerospace, a test is carried out on a numerical control lathe CKD6136i (Dalian machine tool factory), the microhardness of the surface of the tool is measured by a micro Vickers hardness tester (HVS-1000A, rieger City, laizhou), and the average value is obtained by measuring five times for each tool; testing the surface roughness of the cutter by adopting a white light interference surface profiler (model Veeco NT 9300), and measuring each cutter for three times and taking an average value; observing the surface appearance (SEM) of the cutter by using a Quanta250 scanning electron microscope; the residual stress on the surface of the tool was measured using an X-ray residual stress tester (model X-stress 3000, stress oy, co LTD, finland), and the average was taken for three measurements per tool. And analyzing the phase in the cutter substrate by adopting an X-ray diffractometer (smartlab 9 kw), wherein the target material is a copper target, the measuring range is 10-90 degrees, and the scanning speed is 4 degrees/min.
1. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter (Beijing Walld) is cleaned by adopting acetone solution for 30min by ultrasonic waves, and oil stains on the surface are removed for standby;
2. and (3) carrying out cryogenic treatment on the cutter, slowly cooling the cutter in cryogenic treatment equipment at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min to-190 ℃, keeping the temperature of the cutter for 18h, and then slowly heating the cutter (at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min). After the cutter reaches the room temperature, placing the cutter in a resistance furnace for tempering, wherein the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, the temperature is 150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and cooling the cutter to the room temperature along with the furnace after the treatment is finished;
3. taking out the cutter after the treatment, performing ultrasonic cleaning of alcohol solution for 5min, and removing surface impurities to obtain the product;
4. using cutting speedv=300m/min, depth of cuta p Feed rate of 0.1mmfCarrying out a high-speed cutting test by =0.1mm/r, and taking a wear loss VB =0.3mm as a cutter failure standard;
5. the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter subjected to cryogenic treatment is subjected to AISI4340 high-strength steel turning test, compared with an untreated cutter, the cutting force of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter subjected to the treatment is reduced, and the service life of the cutter subjected to cryogenic treatment for 18h is prolonged by more than 24.78%.
Claims (3)
1. A surface treatment method for prolonging the service life of a metal cutting polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) Selecting a finished polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 30min by adopting an acetone solution to remove impurities such as oil stains on the surface;
(2) Placing into a program-controlled deep cooling tank, treating at-150 deg.C to-190 deg.C, holding for 3-18h, tempering at 150-200 deg.C, and holding for 1-3h;
(3) Taking out the cutter after the treatment is finished, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the acetone solution for 5min to remove surface impurities;
(4) The treated tool was subjected to a cutting test.
2. The surface treatment method for improving the service life of a metal-cutting finished polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) the subzero treatment process in the step (2) comprises the steps of firstly slowly cooling from room temperature at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-18h when the temperature of liquid nitrogen is reduced to minus 150 ℃ to minus 190 ℃, then recovering to room temperature (a heating rate of 2 ℃/min), placing the cutter subjected to subzero treatment into a resistance furnace, tempering at a temperature of 150 ℃ -200 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3h at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
3. The surface treatment method for improving the service life of a metal-cutting finished polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) during the cryogenic treatment in the step (2), two treatment methods are provided for recovering the temperature to the room temperature after the cryogenic treatment, wherein one treatment method is that the temperature of the cutter after the cryogenic treatment is slowly raised to the room temperature in a program cryogenic box, and the other treatment method is that the cutter after the cryogenic treatment is directly taken out from the program cryogenic box and recovered to the room temperature at the room temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110563163.0A CN115385722A (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Method for prolonging cutting life of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110563163.0A CN115385722A (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Method for prolonging cutting life of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter |
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| CN115385722A true CN115385722A (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040137834A1 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-07-15 | General Electric Company | Multi-resinous molded articles having integrally bonded graded interfaces |
| CN102329151A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-01-25 | 重庆文理学院 | Cryogenic treatment method for ceramic/metal ceramic cutting tool |
| CN205949880U (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-02-15 | 马鞍山市恒久特材有限公司 | Cutter that complete martensite alloy steel of cryrogenic that hardens cut firmly |
| CN107042576A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-08-15 | 深圳市中天超硬工具股份有限公司 | Sinter cutter and its processing method |
| CN111660208A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-15 | 山东理工大学 | Composite surface treatment method for prolonging service life of metal processing tool |
-
2021
- 2021-05-24 CN CN202110563163.0A patent/CN115385722A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040137834A1 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-07-15 | General Electric Company | Multi-resinous molded articles having integrally bonded graded interfaces |
| CN102329151A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-01-25 | 重庆文理学院 | Cryogenic treatment method for ceramic/metal ceramic cutting tool |
| CN205949880U (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-02-15 | 马鞍山市恒久特材有限公司 | Cutter that complete martensite alloy steel of cryrogenic that hardens cut firmly |
| CN107042576A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-08-15 | 深圳市中天超硬工具股份有限公司 | Sinter cutter and its processing method |
| CN111660208A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-15 | 山东理工大学 | Composite surface treatment method for prolonging service life of metal processing tool |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "刀具深冷增寿" * |
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Application publication date: 20221125 |