CN115385546A - Wet sludge energy-saving treatment system - Google Patents
Wet sludge energy-saving treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115385546A CN115385546A CN202210495575.XA CN202210495575A CN115385546A CN 115385546 A CN115385546 A CN 115385546A CN 202210495575 A CN202210495575 A CN 202210495575A CN 115385546 A CN115385546 A CN 115385546A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving wet sludge treatment system, which comprises a vacuum drier, a biomass gasification furnace, a steam boiler and a first heat exchanger which are connected in sequence, wherein the biomass gasification furnace comprises: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace body, a feed inlet, a biomass gas outlet, a water vapor inlet and an air inlet, wherein the feed inlet is communicated with a vacuum drier; the steam boiler comprises a boiler body, a burner, a biomass fuel gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a steam outlet and a high-temperature flue gas outlet, wherein the steam outlet is communicated with the steam inlet of the biomass gasification furnace; the first heat exchanger includes: the high-temperature flue gas inlet is communicated with the high-temperature flue gas outlet of a steam boiler, the low-temperature flue gas outlet is communicated with a chimney, and the hot air outlet is communicated with the air inlet of a biomass gasification furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of domestic sludge treatment, in particular to a wet sludge treatment system.
Background
In the process of domestic sewage treatment, along with the discharge of a large amount of sludge, the amount of the sludge discharged by a sewage treatment plant is 3500 ten thousand tons in 2015, and the sludge yield in China reaches 6000 to 9000 thousand tons in 2020. The increasing of the sludge production amount and the serious shortage of the sludge treatment capability and the serious backward treatment of the treatment means form a sharp contradiction, the sludge treatment problem becomes an unavoidable urban environment problem, and therefore an economic and environment-friendly sludge treatment system for domestic sewage is urgently needed.
For example, the method and the device for incinerating wet sludge disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 200410086312.5 directly incinerate the wet sludge at 800-950 ℃ in an incinerator or incinerate the wet sludge by adding auxiliary fuel; feeding the required air into the hearth in a grading manner; limestone may also be added to the furnace to reduce SO 2 And (5) discharging. The incineration treatment device comprises a hearth, a cyclone separator, a material returning device and a tail partA flue; the side wall of the hearth is insulated, the top of the hearth is provided with a wet sludge feeding port, and the lower part of the hearth is provided with an auxiliary fuel feeding port; and a high-temperature air preheater is arranged in the tail flue. However, the incineration disposal method and the incineration disposal apparatus for wet sludge have the following disadvantages or shortcomings: (1) Harmful gases in the sludge are not effectively removed; (2) the sludge treatment cost is high; (3) The fly ash content in the flue gas discharged by the incineration treatment device is not monitored, and the fly ash content in the flue gas is an effective means for judging the incineration efficiency and whether carbon neutralization can be realized, so that the automatic regulation and control of combustion cannot be performed.
Also, as disclosed in the chinese patent application No. 201510029611.3, a high efficiency wet sludge drying treatment apparatus comprises a flat plate type sealed box body, a flat plate conveyor belt is installed in the flat plate type sealed box body, both the left and right ends of the flat plate conveyor belt are connected with a conveyor belt traction apparatus through a conveyor belt traction rope, a material distribution and receiving apparatus is arranged in the middle of the flat plate type sealed box body, an air suction pipe is arranged at the bottom of the flat plate type sealed box body, and the air suction pipe is connected with an air suction port of an air suction fan; the flat plate type sealing box body consists of a transparent plate on the upper layer surface, a lower membrane plate and a supporting frame, and an air inlet chamber is arranged on the transparent plate. However, the efficient wet sludge drying treatment equipment has the following disadvantages or shortcomings: (1) the sludge treatment process is complicated and high in cost; (2) the heat generated by the combustion of the sludge is not fully utilized.
Therefore, the wet sludge energy-saving treatment system which has low treatment cost, can fully utilize and recycle sludge, is provided with an online fly ash content monitoring system in flue gas and can realize energy-saving and environment-friendly treatment is a problem which is urgently needed to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wet sludge energy-saving treatment system which can fully facilitate recycled sludge to generate biomass fuel gas, and then utilizes heat energy generated by combustion of the biomass fuel gas to form steam, wherein the steam can be used by steam users and can be supplied to a biomass gasification furnace again, so that the effect of energy-saving and environment-friendly sludge treatment is realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an energy-saving wet sludge treatment system, including a vacuum dryer, a biomass gasification furnace, a steam boiler and a first heat exchanger, which are connected in sequence, wherein the vacuum dryer is used for drying wet sludge into sludge particles, and the biomass gasification furnace includes: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace body, a feed inlet arranged on the top wall of the gasification furnace body, a biomass fuel gas outlet arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace body, a water vapor inlet and an air inlet arranged on the bottom wall of the gasification furnace body, wherein the feed inlet is communicated with a vacuum drier; the steam boiler comprises a boiler body, a combustor arranged at one end of the boiler body and used for combusting biomass gas, a biomass gas inlet arranged on the side wall of the combustor, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a steam outlet arranged on the top wall of the boiler body and a high-temperature flue gas outlet arranged on the side wall of the boiler body, wherein the biomass gas inlet is communicated with the biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace, and the steam outlet is communicated with the steam inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a steam pipeline; the first heat exchanger includes: the high-temperature flue gas inlet is communicated with the high-temperature flue gas outlet of a steam boiler, the low-temperature flue gas outlet is communicated with a chimney through a low-temperature flue gas pipeline, and the hot air outlet is communicated with the air inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a hot air pipeline.
Preferably, the carbon neutralization control unit further comprises: the system comprises a smoke carbon content (fly ash content in smoke) detection device arranged in a smoke pipeline between a high-temperature smoke outlet of a steam boiler and a high-temperature smoke inlet of a first heat exchanger, and a first automatic controller which is in communication connection with the smoke carbon content (fly ash content in smoke) detection device through a data line so as to obtain smoke carbon content (fly ash content in smoke) data and automatically regulate and control the combustion working condition of the steam boiler according to the smoke carbon content (fly ash content in smoke) data to realize carbon neutralization.
Optionally, the first heat exchanger is a multi-orifice lance heat exchanger comprising: the heat exchanger body and locate the inside interior barrel rather than the aequilate of heat exchanger body, be formed with cold air inlet space between the roof of interior barrel and the roof of heat exchanger body, be formed with the hot-air space of giving vent to anger between the diapire of interior barrel and the diapire of heat exchanger body, the interior barrel vertically wears to be equipped with the porous spray tube group that a plurality of groups rectangle was arranged, each porous spray tube group of group includes outer tube and the inner tube with the axle center with the outer tube, be equipped with a plurality of through-hole on the pipe wall of every inner tube, the top of inner tube is open state, the bottom of inner tube is closed state, the top of outer tube is closed state, the bottom of outer tube is open state, the roof of heat exchanger body is located to cold air entry, the diapire of heat exchanger body is located to hot air outlet, a lateral wall of barrel is located to high temperature flue gas entry, another lateral wall of interior barrel is located to low temperature flue gas export, make high temperature flue gas overflow between a plurality of outer tubes in the inner chamber of interior barrel, in order to carry out the heat exchange to cold air between inner tube and outer tube.
Preferably, the first heat exchanger is a multi-hole nozzle labyrinth heat exchanger, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is arranged on one side wall of the inner cylinder, the low-temperature flue gas outlet is arranged on the other side wall of the inner cylinder, and a flue gas channel between the high-temperature flue gas inlet and the low-temperature flue gas inlet is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder to be of a labyrinth type.
Optionally, the hot air pipeline is provided with a hot air box, the hot air box is provided with an air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with a hot air outlet of the first heat exchanger, the first air outlet is communicated with an air inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a first air branch, and the second air outlet is communicated with a combustion-supporting air inlet of a combustor of the steam boiler through a second air branch.
Optionally, the low-temperature flue gas pipeline is provided with a first flue gas branch and a second flue gas branch, and the first flue gas branch is communicated with the first air branch; the second flue gas branch is provided with a mixer, the mixer is provided with a first gas inlet, a second gas inlet and a gas outlet, the first gas inlet is communicated with the low-temperature flue gas outlet of the first heat exchanger, the second gas inlet is communicated with the second gas outlet of the hot air box, and the gas outlet is communicated with a combustion-supporting gas inlet of a combustor of the steam boiler.
Preferably, the carbon neutralization control unit further comprises an adjusting valve arranged at the gas outlet of the mixer, the adjusting valve is in communication connection with the first automatic controller through a data line so as to adjust the amount of returned flue gas entering the steam boiler through the gas outlet of the mixer according to the instruction of the first automatic controller, wherein when the flue gas carbon content data obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device exceeds the upper limit threshold set by the first automatic controller, the first automatic controller instructs the adjusting valve to increase the amount of flue gas returned into the steam boiler until the flue gas carbon content data obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device is lower than the upper limit threshold set by the first automatic controller, and when the flue gas carbon content data obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device is lower than the lower limit threshold set by the first automatic controller, the first automatic controller instructs the adjusting valve to decrease the amount of flue gas returned into the steam boiler until the flue gas carbon content data obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device is higher than the lower limit threshold set by the first automatic controller.
Optionally, a steam distributing cylinder is arranged on the steam pipeline, the steam distributing cylinder is provided with a steam inlet, a first steam outlet and a second steam outlet, the steam inlet is communicated with the steam outlet of the steam boiler, the first steam outlet is communicated with the steam inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a first steam branch, and the second steam outlet is communicated with a heat user through a second steam branch.
Optionally, an ejector is arranged on the first steam branch, the ejector is provided with a first ejection inlet, a second ejection inlet and an ejection outlet, the first ejection inlet is communicated with the first steam outlet of the branch cylinder, the second ejection inlet is communicated with the vacuum drier, and the ejection outlet is communicated with the steam inlet of the biomass gasification furnace.
Optionally, the vacuum dryer comprises a dryer body and a heating pipe arranged in the dryer body, the top wall of the dryer body is provided with a sludge inlet and a drying gas outlet, the bottom wall of the dryer body is provided with a sludge outlet, and the heating pipe is provided with a hot water inlet and a cold water outlet; the sludge inlet is communicated with the wet sludge bin, the sludge outlet is communicated with the feed inlet of the biomass gasification furnace, and the drying gas outlet is communicated with the second injection inlet of the injector.
Optionally, the system further comprises a second heat exchanger and an air compressor, wherein the second heat exchanger is provided with a hot lubricating oil inlet, a cold lubricating oil outlet, a hot water outlet and a cold water inlet, the hot water outlet is communicated with the hot water inlet of the vacuum dryer, the cold water inlet is communicated with the cold water outlet of the vacuum drying device, the hot lubricating oil inlet is communicated with the hot lubricating oil outlet of the air compressor, and the cold lubricating oil outlet is communicated with the cold lubricating oil inlet of the air compressor.
Optionally, the sludge inlet is communicated with the wet sludge bin through an auger conveyor, and the sludge outlet is communicated with the feed inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a conveyor belt.
Alternatively, a feed bin is arranged at a feed inlet of the biomass gasification furnace, a feed valve is arranged at an outlet of the feed bin, valves are respectively arranged at a sludge inlet, a drying gas outlet and a sludge outlet of the vacuum dryer, and a pressurizing valve is arranged at a cold air inlet of the first heat exchanger.
Preferably, the device for detecting the carbon content in the flue gas (the content of fly ash in the flue gas) is an infrared camera, the infrared camera takes at least ten (optionally 10 to 50, for example 30) infrared pictures within unit time (optionally 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 60 minutes, for example within 10 minutes), the first automatic controller synthesizes at least ten infrared pictures into a fused picture within unit time, the first automatic controller obtains an average data value of the carbon content in the flue gas (the content of fly ash in the flue gas) within unit time according to the fused picture within unit time, and automatically regulates and controls the combustion condition of the steam boiler according to the average data value of the carbon content in the flue gas (the content of fly ash in the flue gas); the first automatic controller comprises a wavelet fusion unit, the wavelet fusion unit comprises a wavelet decomposition subunit, a feature selection subunit and a wavelet inverse transformation subunit, the wavelet decomposition subunit decomposes at least ten infrared photos to be fused into a series of low-frequency sub-images and high-frequency sub-images in different directions, the feature selection subunit performs feature selection on the low-frequency sub-images and the high-frequency sub-images through feature selection for screening, and the wavelet inverse transformation subunit performs wavelet inverse transformation on fusion results obtained by the feature selection subunit to obtain required fusion images.
Alternatively, the wavelet fusion unit is smallThe specific processing procedure of the wave decomposition subunit can adopt various ways in the prior art, such as: performing a layer of wavelet decomposition on the first infrared picture to be fused to obtain an approximate component L 1 And three high frequency components HV 1 、HD 1 And HH 1 . Then, the second infrared picture to be fused is subjected to two-layer wavelet decomposition to obtain an approximate component L 2 And three high frequency components HV 2 、HD 2 And HH 2 And an approximation component LL of the second layer 2 And three high frequency components LHV 2 、LHD 2 And LHH 2 。
Alternatively, the specific processing procedure of the feature selection subunit may adopt various manners in the prior art, such as: obtaining an approximate component L from the first infrared picture to be fused 1 And three high frequency components HV 1 、HD 1 And HH 1 A second layer approximation component LL obtained from the second infrared picture to be fused 2 And three high frequency components LHV 2 、LHD 2 And LHH 2 Respectively corresponding to the fusion.
For low frequency approximation component L 1 And LL 2 The specific fusion rule is as follows:
W L (x,y)＝k 1 W L1 (x,y)+k 2 W L2 (x,y)
W L (x,y)、W L1 (x,y)、W L2 (x, y) represent the approximate component subgraphs after and before fusion, respectively, where k is 1 、k 2 Are fusion coefficients.
The specific fusion rule for the high frequency components is as follows:
W Hi (x,y)＝k 1i W Li 1 +k 2i W Li 2 (i＝1,2,3)
W Hi (x,y)、W Li 1 、W Li 2 high frequency components in the i direction before and after fusion, respectively. k is a radical of 1i 、k 2i Respectively fusion coefficients.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: (1) The potential energy of the sludge is fully excavated, so that the sludge and biomass particles generate biomass fuel gas in the biomass gasification furnace and supply the biomass fuel gas to the steam boiler for combustion, and the generated steam can be supplied to hot users and can also be supplied to the biomass gasification furnace, thereby realizing the energy-saving effect; (2) Toxic gas generated during drying of wet sludge and water vapor are injected into the biomass gasification furnace together, so that the toxic gas is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere, the environment is not polluted, and the environment-friendly effect is realized; (3) The heat of the smoke discharged by the steam boiler is fully utilized, and the hot air generated after the cold air is subjected to heat exchange is provided for the steam boiler and the biomass gasification furnace, so that the smoke energy is utilized more thoroughly, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the stability of the combustion temperature of the steam boiler and the biomass gasification furnace is ensured; (4) The wet sludge is dried by utilizing the heat generated by the operation of the air compressor, so that the drying efficiency of the sludge is improved, and the energy-saving effect is realized; (5) The online monitoring system for the fly ash content in the flue gas is arranged, and the automatic regulation and control of combustion can be carried out according to the fly ash content in the flue gas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a wet sludge energy-saving treatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 2A and 2B show a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of the first heat exchanger of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic configuration diagram of another embodiment of the first heat exchanger of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic configuration diagram of another embodiment of the wet sludge energy-saving treatment system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, as a non-limiting embodiment, the energy-saving wet sludge treatment system provided by the present invention includes a vacuum dryer 1, a biomass gasification furnace 2, a steam boiler 3, a first heat exchanger 4, a second heat exchanger 5, and an air compressor 6.
Wet sludge in the wet sludge bin C passes through the auger conveyor J and enters the vacuum dryer 1, as shown in fig. 1, the vacuum dryer 1 comprises a dryer body (not numbered in the figure) and a heating pipe 10, a sludge inlet 11 and a drying gas outlet 12 are formed in the top wall of the dryer body, a sludge outlet 13 is formed in the bottom wall of the dryer body, and a hot water inlet 101 and a cold water outlet 102 are formed in the heating pipe 10, so that the wet sludge is conveyed to the sludge inlet 11 through the auger conveyor J and enters the vacuum dryer 1 for drying, the generated drying gas is discharged from the drying gas outlet 12, and the dried sludge is discharged through the sludge outlet 13 and conveyed to the biomass gasifier 2 through the dry sludge conveyor D.
As another non-limiting embodiment, the heat required by the vacuum dryer 1 is provided by the second heat exchanger 5 and the air compressor 6, as shown in fig. 1, the second heat exchanger 5 is provided with a hot lubricant inlet 51, a cold lubricant outlet 52, a hot water outlet 53 and a cold water inlet 54, the hot water outlet 53 is communicated with the hot water inlet 101 of the vacuum dryer 1, the cold water inlet 54 is communicated with the cold water outlet 102 of the vacuum dryer 1, the hot lubricant inlet 51 is communicated with the hot lubricant outlet 61 of the air compressor 6, and the cold lubricant outlet 52 is communicated with the cold lubricant inlet 62 of the air compressor 6.
From this, alright with the heat of the hot lubricating oil that the air compressor machine that effectively utilizes work produced, through the effect of second heat exchanger 5, with the leading-in to vacuum drying device 1 of heat, form the drying sludge with wet sludge heating drying to subsequent processing work is convenient for.
The biomass gasification furnace 2 comprises a gasification furnace body (not numbered in the figure), a feed inlet 21, a biomass fuel gas outlet 22, a water vapor inlet 23 and an air inlet 24, wherein a feed bin M is arranged at the feed inlet 21 and used for storing biomass particles KL and dried sludge dried by the vacuum drier 1.
The steam boiler 3 comprises a boiler body 31, a burner 32, a biomass gas inlet 321, a combustion-supporting gas inlet 322, a steam outlet 311 and a high-temperature flue gas outlet 312, wherein the biomass gas inlet 321 is communicated with the biomass gas outlet 22 of the biomass gasification furnace 2, therefore, under the action of the exhaust fan FJ, the biomass gas is introduced into the steam boiler 3 to be combusted, and the steam outlet 311 is communicated with the steam inlet 23 of the biomass gasification furnace 2 through a steam pipeline L1, so that the steam requirement of the biomass gasification furnace 2 is met.
The first heat exchanger 4 comprises a heat exchanger body 40, a high-temperature flue gas inlet 41, a low-temperature flue gas outlet 42, a cold air inlet 43 and a hot air outlet 44, the high-temperature flue gas inlet 41 is communicated with a high-temperature flue gas outlet 312 of the steam boiler 3, the low-temperature flue gas outlet 42 is communicated with a chimney Y through a flue gas pipeline, a low-temperature flue gas pipeline L2 is connected with a flue gas pipeline between the chimney Y and the low-temperature flue gas outlet 42 so as to enable flue gas accounting for 30% -50% of the total amount (volume) of the flue gas to flow back into the system for re-combustion, and the hot air outlet 44 is communicated with an air inlet 24 of the biomass gasification furnace 2 through a hot air pipeline L3.
In this non-limiting embodiment, as shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the first heat exchanger 4 is a multi-hole nozzle heat exchanger, the inner cylinder 45 and the heat exchanger body 40 have the same width, a cold air inlet space K1 is formed between the top wall of the inner cylinder 45 and the top wall of the heat exchanger body 40, a hot air outlet space K2 is formed between the bottom wall of the inner cylinder 45 and the bottom wall of the heat exchanger body 40, a plurality of groups of multi-hole nozzle groups 46 are longitudinally arranged in a penetrating manner in the inner cylinder 40, each group of multi-hole nozzle groups 46 includes an outer tube 461 and an inner tube 462 coaxial with the outer tube, a plurality of through holes 463 are formed in the wall of each inner tube 462, the top of the inner tube 462 is open, the bottom of the inner tube 462 is closed, the top of the outer tube 461 is closed, the bottom of the outer tube 461 is open, the cold air inlet 43 is formed in the top wall of the heat exchanger body 40, the hot air outlet 44 is formed in the bottom wall of the heat exchanger body 40, the high temperature flue gas inlet 41 is formed in one side wall of the inner cylinder 45, the low temperature flue gas outlet 42 is formed in the other side wall of the inner cylinder 45, so that the high temperature flue gas is filled between the inner tube 461, and the inner tube is filled in the inner tube 45, so as to ensure that the cold air inlet 43 of the heat exchanger to perform heat exchanger, and the first heat exchange, thereby to perform the first heat exchange, and the first heat exchange efficiency is increased, and the first heat exchange is performed by pressurizing air inlet 462, and the first heat exchanger (the first heat exchanger).
As another non-limiting embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first heat exchanger 4 is a multi-hole nozzle labyrinth type heat exchanger, the high-temperature flue gas inlet 41 is disposed on one side wall of the inner cylinder 45, the low-temperature flue gas outlet 42 is disposed on the other side wall of the inner cylinder 45, and the plurality of multi-hole nozzles 46 are separated by disposing a partition wall (as shown by the dotted line in fig. 3), so that the flue gas channel YT between the high-temperature flue gas inlet 41 and the low-temperature flue gas inlet 42 is set to be of labyrinth type in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 45, thereby extending the heat exchange path, extending the heat exchange time between the high-temperature flue gas and the cold air, reducing the heat load of each multi-hole nozzle group 46, and further extending the service life of the whole heat exchanger.
As shown in fig. 1, a hot air box 7 is disposed on the hot air pipeline L3, the hot air box 7 is provided with an air inlet 70, a first air outlet 71 and a second air outlet 72, the air inlet 70 is communicated with the hot air outlet 44 of the first heat exchanger 4, the first air outlet 71 is communicated with the air inlet 24 of the biomass gasification furnace 2 through a first air branch G1, and the second air outlet 72 is communicated with the combustion-supporting air inlet 322 of the combustor 32 of the steam boiler 3 through a second air branch G2.
In this non-limiting embodiment, the low-temperature flue gas pipeline L2 is provided with a first flue gas branch L21 and a second flue gas branch L22, the first flue gas branch L21 is communicated with the first air branch G1, the second flue gas branch L22 is provided with a mixer 8, the mixer is provided with a first gas inlet 81, a second gas inlet 82 and a gas outlet 83, the first gas inlet 81 is communicated with the low-temperature flue gas outlet 42 of the first heat exchanger 4, the second gas inlet 82 is communicated with the second gas outlet 72 of the hot air box 7, and the gas outlet 83 is communicated with the combustion-supporting gas inlet 322 of the combustor 32 of the steam boiler 3. Wherein, the smoke amount in the first smoke branch L21 accounts for 30-40% of the total smoke amount in the low-temperature smoke pipeline L2, and the smoke amount in the second smoke branch L22 accounts for 60-70% of the total smoke amount in the low-temperature smoke pipeline L2.
As another non-limiting embodiment, the steam pipeline L1 is provided with a steam distributing cylinder F, the steam distributing cylinder F is provided with a steam inlet F0, a first steam outlet F1, and a second steam outlet F2, the steam inlet F0 is communicated with the steam outlet 311 of the steam boiler 3, the first steam outlet F1 is communicated with the steam inlet 23 of the biomass gasification furnace 2 through a first steam branch W1, and the second steam outlet F2 is communicated with the hot user U through a second steam branch W2. In this non-limiting embodiment, the amount of steam in the first steam branch W1 accounts for 20% to 30% of the total amount of steam in the minute cylinder F, and the amount of steam in the second steam branch W2 accounts for 70% to 80% of the total amount of steam in the minute cylinder F.
In the non-limiting embodiment, an ejector S is arranged on the first steam branch W, the ejector S is provided with a first ejection inlet S1, a second ejection inlet S2 and an ejection outlet S3, the first ejection inlet S1 is communicated with the first steam outlet F1 of the branch cylinder F, the second ejection inlet S2 is communicated with the drying gas outlet 12 of the vacuum dryer 1, and the ejection outlet S3 is communicated with the steam inlet 23 of the biomass gasification furnace 2.
In order to facilitate the work of the control system, the outlet of the stock bin M is provided with a feeding valve V1, and the sludge inlet 11, the drying gas outlet 12 and the sludge outlet 13 of the vacuum dryer 1 are respectively provided with a valve V2.
Therefore, under the drying action of hot water at about 70 ℃, wet sludge in the vacuum dryer 1 enters the biomass gasifier 2 together with biomass particles, generated biomass fuel gas is supplied to the steam boiler 3 for combustion, most of generated water vapor is supplied to a user U, the rest small part of the generated water vapor and toxic and harmful gas generated during the drying of the wet sludge enter the biomass gasifier 2 again for reaction, the harm that the toxic and harmful gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere is effectively eliminated, meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas generated by the steam boiler generates hot air at about 500 ℃ through the action of the first heat exchanger 4, the hot air can be supplied to the biomass gasifier 2 and also supplied to the steam boiler 3, the combustion rate can be effectively improved, the combustion stability of a furnace body can be ensured, the combustion temperature is not easy to fluctuate, in addition, the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange is still about 150 ℃, the flue gas can also return to the biomass gasifier 2 and the steam boiler 3 for combustion, and further utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas.
As still another non-limiting embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, further comprising a carbon neutralization control unit 9, the carbon neutralization control unit 9 comprising: a smoke carbon content detection device 91, a first automatic controller 92 and an adjusting valve 93. Wherein, the flue gas carbon content detection device 91 is installed in the flue gas pipeline between the high-temperature flue gas outlet 312 of the steam boiler 3 and the high-temperature flue gas inlet 41 of the first heat exchanger 4, and the first automatic controller 92 is in communication connection with the flue gas carbon content detection device 91 through a data line, so as to obtain the flue gas carbon content (fly ash content in the flue gas) data and automatically regulate and control the combustion condition of the steam boiler 3 according to the flue gas carbon content (fly ash content in the flue gas) data, thereby achieving the purpose of carbon neutralization. The adjusting valve 93 is arranged at the air outlet 83 of the mixer 8, and the adjusting valve 83 is in communication connection with the first automatic controller 92 through a data line so as to adjust the amount of the returned flue gas entering the steam boiler 3 through the air outlet 83 of the mixer 8 according to the instruction of the first automatic controller 92, wherein when the carbon content data of the flue gas obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device 91 exceeds the upper limit threshold set by the first automatic controller, the first automatic controller 92 instructs the adjusting valve 93 to increase the amount of the flue gas returned to the steam boiler 3 until the carbon content data of the flue gas obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device 91 is lower than the upper limit threshold set by the first automatic controller 92, and when the carbon content data of the flue gas obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device 91 is lower than the lower limit threshold set by the first automatic controller 92, the first automatic controller 92 instructs the adjusting valve 93 to decrease the amount of the flue gas returned to the steam boiler 3 until the carbon content data of the flue gas obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device 91 is higher than the lower limit threshold set by the first automatic controller 92.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail herein, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the precise construction herein shown and described in detail, and that other modifications and variations may be effected by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wet sludge energy-saving treatment system comprises: a vacuum dryer for drying wet sludge into sludge granules, characterized in that:
the wet sludge energy-saving treatment system further comprises: a biomass gasification furnace, a steam boiler and a first heat exchanger which are connected in sequence, wherein,
the biomass gasification furnace includes: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace body, a feed inlet arranged on the top wall of the gasification furnace body, a biomass fuel gas outlet arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace body, a water vapor inlet and an air inlet arranged on the bottom wall of the gasification furnace body, wherein the feed inlet is communicated with the vacuum drier;
the steam boiler comprises: the biomass gasification furnace comprises a boiler body, a combustor arranged at one end of the boiler body and used for combusting biomass gas, a biomass gas inlet arranged on the side wall of the combustor, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a steam outlet arranged on the top wall of the boiler body and a high-temperature flue gas outlet arranged on the side wall of the boiler body, wherein the biomass gas inlet is communicated with the biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace, and the steam outlet is communicated with the steam inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a steam pipeline;
the first heat exchanger includes: the biomass gasification furnace comprises a heat exchanger body, and a high-temperature flue gas inlet, a low-temperature flue gas outlet, a cold air inlet and a hot air outlet which are arranged on the heat exchanger body, wherein the high-temperature flue gas inlet is communicated with a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the steam boiler, the low-temperature flue gas outlet is communicated with a chimney through a low-temperature flue gas pipeline, and the hot air outlet is communicated with an air inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a hot air pipeline;
further comprising a carbon neutralization control unit, the carbon neutralization control unit comprising: the automatic carbon content detection device comprises a smoke gas carbon content detection device arranged in a smoke gas pipeline between a high-temperature smoke gas outlet of the steam boiler and a high-temperature smoke gas inlet of the first heat exchanger, and a first automatic controller in communication connection with the smoke gas carbon content detection device through a data line, wherein the first automatic controller is used for obtaining smoke gas carbon content data and automatically regulating and controlling the combustion working condition of the steam boiler according to the smoke gas carbon content data so as to realize carbon neutralization.
2. The wet sludge energy-saving treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas carbon content detection device is an infrared camera, the infrared camera is set to take at least ten infrared pictures in unit time, the first automatic controller synthesizes the at least ten infrared pictures into a unit time fusion picture, and the first automatic controller obtains an average data value of the flue gas carbon content in unit time according to the unit time fusion picture and automatically regulates and controls the combustion condition of the steam boiler according to the average data value of the flue gas carbon content;
the first automatic controller comprises a wavelet fusion unit, the wavelet fusion unit comprises a wavelet decomposition subunit, a feature selection subunit and a wavelet inverse transformation subunit, the wavelet decomposition subunit is used for decomposing the at least ten infrared photos to be fused into a series of low-frequency sub-images and high-frequency sub-images in different directions, the feature selection subunit is used for performing feature selection and screening on the low-frequency sub-images and the high-frequency sub-images through feature selection to obtain fusion results, and the wavelet inverse transformation subunit is used for performing wavelet inverse transformation on the fusion results obtained by the feature selection subunit to obtain the unit time fusion photos.
3. The energy-saving wet sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the first heat exchanger is a multi-hole nozzle heat exchanger comprising: the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger body and an inner cylinder body which is arranged inside the heat exchanger body and has the same width with the heat exchanger body, wherein a cold air inlet space is formed between the top wall of the inner cylinder body and the top wall of the heat exchanger body, a hot air outlet space is formed between the bottom wall of the inner cylinder body and the bottom wall of the heat exchanger body, a plurality of groups of porous spray pipe groups which are arranged in a rectangular mode are longitudinally arranged in the inner cylinder body in a penetrating mode, each group of porous spray pipe groups comprise an outer pipe and an inner pipe which is coaxial with the outer pipe, a plurality of through holes are formed in the pipe wall of each inner pipe, the top of each inner pipe is in an open state, the bottom of each inner pipe is in a closed state, the top of each outer pipe is in an open state, a cold air inlet is formed in the top wall of the heat exchanger body, a hot air outlet is formed in the bottom wall of the heat exchanger body, a high-temperature flue gas inlet is formed in one side wall of the inner cylinder body, and a low-temperature flue gas outlet is formed in the other side wall of the inner cylinder body, so that the high-temperature flue gas outer pipe overflows among a plurality of inner cylinder body and cold air between the inner cylinder body to exchange heat exchange cold air between the inner pipe and the inner cylinder body.
4. The wet sludge energy-saving treatment system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a hot air box is arranged on the hot air pipeline, the hot air box is provided with an air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the hot air outlet of the first heat exchanger, the first air outlet is communicated with the air inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a first air branch, and the second air outlet is communicated with the combustion-supporting air inlet of the combustor of the steam boiler through a second air branch.
5. The wet sludge energy-saving treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the low-temperature flue gas pipeline is provided with a first flue gas branch and a second flue gas branch, and the first flue gas branch is communicated with the first air branch; the second flue gas branch is provided with a mixer, the mixer is provided with a first gas inlet, a second gas inlet and a gas outlet, the first gas inlet is communicated with the low-temperature flue gas outlet of the first heat exchanger, the second gas inlet is communicated with the second gas outlet of the hot air box, and the gas outlet is communicated with a combustion-supporting gas inlet of a combustor of the steam boiler;
the carbon neutralization control unit further comprises an adjusting valve arranged at the gas outlet of the mixer, the adjusting valve is in communication connection with the first automatic controller through a data line so as to adjust the amount of returned flue gas entering the steam boiler through the gas outlet of the mixer according to the instruction of the first automatic controller, wherein when the carbon content data of the flue gas obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device exceeds the upper limit threshold set by the first automatic controller, the first automatic controller instructs the adjusting valve to increase the amount of flue gas returned to the steam boiler until the carbon content data of the flue gas obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device is lower than the upper limit threshold set by the first automatic controller, and when the carbon content data of the flue gas obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device is lower than the lower limit threshold set by the first automatic controller, the first automatic controller instructs the adjusting valve to decrease the amount of flue gas returned to the steam boiler until the carbon content data of the flue gas obtained by the flue gas carbon content detection device is higher than the lower limit threshold set by the first automatic controller.
6. The wet sludge energy-saving treatment system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a branch cylinder is arranged on the steam pipeline, the branch cylinder is provided with a steam inlet, a first steam outlet and a second steam outlet, the steam inlet is communicated with the steam outlet of the steam boiler, the first steam outlet is communicated with the steam inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a first steam branch, and the second steam outlet is communicated with a hot user through a second steam branch.
7. The wet sludge energy-saving treatment system according to claim 6, wherein an ejector is arranged on the first steam branch, the ejector is provided with a first ejection inlet, a second ejection inlet and an ejection outlet, the first ejection inlet is communicated with the first steam outlet of the branch cylinder, the second ejection inlet is communicated with the vacuum drier, and the ejection outlet is communicated with the steam inlet of the biomass gasification furnace.
8. The energy-saving wet sludge treatment system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the vacuum dryer comprises a dryer body and a heating pipe arranged in the dryer body, the top wall of the dryer body is provided with a sludge inlet and a drying gas outlet, the bottom wall of the dryer body is provided with a sludge outlet, and the heating pipe is provided with a hot water inlet and a cold water outlet; the sludge inlet is communicated with the wet sludge bin, the sludge outlet is communicated with the feed inlet of the biomass gasification furnace, and the drying gas outlet is communicated with the second injection inlet of the injector.
9. The energy-saving wet sludge treatment system as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a second heat exchanger and an air compressor, wherein the second heat exchanger is provided with a hot lubricant inlet, a cold lubricant outlet, a hot water outlet and a cold water inlet, the hot water outlet is communicated with the hot water inlet of the vacuum drier, the cold water inlet is communicated with the cold water outlet of the vacuum drier, the hot lubricant inlet is communicated with the hot lubricant outlet of the air compressor, and the cold lubricant outlet is communicated with the cold lubricant inlet of the air compressor.
10. The energy-saving wet sludge treatment system according to claim 8, wherein the sludge inlet is communicated with the wet sludge bin through a screw conveyor, the sludge outlet is communicated with the feed inlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a conveyor belt, a bin is arranged at the feed inlet of the biomass gasification furnace, a feed valve is arranged at the outlet of the bin, valves are respectively arranged at the sludge inlet, the drying gas outlet and the sludge outlet of the vacuum dryer, and a pressurizing valve is arranged at the cold air inlet of the first heat exchanger.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210495575.XA CN115385546A (en) | 2022-05-08 | 2022-05-08 | Wet sludge energy-saving treatment system |
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| CN202210495575.XA CN115385546A (en) | 2022-05-08 | 2022-05-08 | Wet sludge energy-saving treatment system |
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| CN202210495575.XA Pending CN115385546A (en) | 2022-05-08 | 2022-05-08 | Wet sludge energy-saving treatment system |
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