CN115384808A - Integral airtight utricule structure - Google Patents

Integral airtight utricule structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115384808A
CN115384808A CN202210838632.XA CN202210838632A CN115384808A CN 115384808 A CN115384808 A CN 115384808A CN 202210838632 A CN202210838632 A CN 202210838632A CN 115384808 A CN115384808 A CN 115384808A
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China
Prior art keywords
layer
airtight
rigid
circular
pressure
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CN202210838632.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李林凌
从强
常洁
陈燕
黄文宣
王磊
孙繁新
温楠
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Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
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Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
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Priority to CN202210838632.XA priority Critical patent/CN115384808A/en
Publication of CN115384808A publication Critical patent/CN115384808A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/222Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles for deploying structures between a stowed and deployed state
    • B64G1/2221Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles for deploying structures between a stowed and deployed state characterised by the manner of deployment
    • B64G1/2227Inflating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/60Crew or passenger accommodations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an integral airtight capsule structure, belonging to the technical field of manned near-ground space, interplanetary manned flight and on-orbit residence, and comprising: a flexible skin and a rigid blanking cover; the flexible skin is foldable, is a hollow columnar structure after being unfolded, circular notches are processed at two ends of the hollow columnar structure, a rigid plug cover is installed on each circular notch, and the rigid plug covers seal the circular notches. The invention can meet the high reliability requirement of the airtight layer, the uniform stress of the bearing layer and the tight connection of the airtight layer and the rigid plug cover.

Description

Integral airtight utricule structure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of manned space near the ground, manned space between planets and on-orbit residence, and particularly relates to an integral airtight capsule structure.
Background
Whether manned flight and on-orbit residence in near-earth space, or interplanetary or even constantary flight, a reliable sealed environment, namely a sealed cabin, is required to be prepared for passengers, and the sealed cabin is a necessary resource for human beings to carry out extraterrestrial activities. At present, the sealed cabin running on the rail mainly comprises a rigid metal cabin, and the flexible inflatable expandable sealed cabin is not yet developed in the on-rail test in China.
Patent US6547189B1"INFLATABLE vehicle AND METHOD" (Robert p. Switek) invented an INFLATABLE sealed cabin structure used in space AND having a rigid column in the middle, AND its skin structure comprises, from inside to outside, an abrasion-proof layer, an airtight composite layer, a constraining layer, a space debris protective layer AND a thermal protective layer. The connection form between layers determines the specific performance of the sealed cabin, and meanwhile, the sealed reliable design can be embodied. However, no description of the form of the connection between the layers and analysis of specific performance indicators is found in this patent.
CN201020653920.0 "inflatable sealing structure of extended cabin" (tan forest, zhang rui dao) provides an inflatable sealing structure of extended cabin, which mainly seals the extended cabin by inflating the inflatable sealing strip to expand and seal the gap between two adjacent cabin walls, and when the sealing strip is in an uninflated state or the inflation pressure is insufficient, the sealing function of the extended cabin cannot be realized, and the structure is a seal for the extended cabin, and does not relate to the structural design of an integral airtight capsule.
The literature "space-filling expandable cabin structural design and analysis" (master academic papers at northeast university, authors: chenkoli) are researched in the aspects of space inflation deployable cabin section-central core column structure design, multilayer flexible shell design, inflation system design and the like, and relevant contents such as specific structure design parameters, performance indexes, rigid-flexible connection, sealing reliability and the like of the realization of the airtight layer and the pressure-bearing layer are not involved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an integral airtight capsule structure, which can meet the high reliability requirement of an airtight layer, the uniform stress of a bearing layer and the tight connection of the airtight layer and a rigid plug cover.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a one-piece airtight bladder structure comprising: a flexible skin and a rigid closure; the flexible skin is foldable, is a hollow columnar structure after being unfolded, circular notches are processed at two ends of the hollow columnar structure, a rigid plug cover is installed on each circular notch, and the rigid plug covers seal the circular notches.
Further, the flexible skin is divided into the following parts from inside to outside in sequence: the pressure-bearing layer is fixed on the outer surface of the air-bearing layer in an adhering mode, the fragment protection layer is fixed on the outer surface of the pressure-bearing layer in an adhering or sewing mode, and the heat protection layer is fixed on the outer surface of the fragment protection layer in an adhering or sewing mode.
Furthermore, the airtight layers are two layers, namely a first airtight layer and a second airtight layer; the first airtight layer and the second airtight layer are compounded by adopting a circular or polygonal bonding technology, namely the first airtight layer and the second airtight layer are compounded into an integral structure through circular or polygonal hot pressing, the adjacent circular or polygonal layers are not communicated, the interiors of the circular or polygonal layers are vacuum, the first airtight layer and the second airtight layer are compounded to form the airtight layer which is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the shape of the airtight layer is consistent with that of the flexible skin, circular notches are machined at two ends of the airtight layer, and then the bearing layer, the fragment protection layer and the heat protection layer are sequentially wrapped outside the airtight layer and fixedly connected into the flexible skin.
Furthermore, the pressure bearing layer adopts a Kevlar braided belt, the Kevlar braided belt is subjected to pre-stretching treatment before knitting, namely, the Kevlar braided belt is wound in a high-low temperature test box, a weight of about kg is hung below the high-low temperature test box, the temperature in the box is kept at the temperature, and the treatment time is short; then, selecting Kevlar braided belts with two widths according to different curvature radiuses of the flexible skin, wherein the Kevlar braided belt with one width is used as an axial braided belt of the pressure bearing layer, and the Kevlar braided belt with the other width is used as an annular braided belt of the pressure bearing layer; the axial braided belt is cut and pre-sewn by taking the rigid blanking cover as a positioning reference; the circumferential braided belts are subjected to length consistency adjustment by using a ground tool; and finally, the axial braided belt and the annular braided belt are crossed and braided, GD silicon rubber is coated at the crossed point of the axial braided belt and the annular braided belt for fixation, and a pressure-bearing layer is finally formed.
Further, the rigid plug cover is of a metal structure; two rigidity blanking caps are respectively fixed on two circular gaps of the flexible skin through rigid-flexible connecting pieces in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the circular gaps are sealed, and the rigidity blanking caps are connected with the rigidity and the flexibility of the flexible skin as follows:
the rigid-flexible connecting piece is an annular plate, an annular limiting boss coaxial with the annular plate is machined on the outer edge of the upper surface of the annular plate, the lower surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece is fixed on the outer wall surface around the circular notch of the airtight layer through silicon rubber bonding and screws, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the lower surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece and the outer wall surface of the airtight layer;
an annular reinforcing belt extends out of the pressure-bearing layer coated outside the airtight layer, an annular steel ring is fixed at the tail end of the annular reinforcing belt, and the steel ring is tightly clamped on the inner circumferential surface of an annular limiting boss on the upper surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece to realize the connection of the pressure-bearing layer and the rigid-flexible connecting piece;
the rigid plug cover is arranged on the rigid-flexible connecting piece through a screw, and seals the circular gap of the airtight layer; and install the sealing washer between the contact surface of rigidity blanking cover and hard and soft connecting piece, when the rigidity blanking cover was installed on hard and soft connecting piece, the rigidity blanking cover will the sealing washer compresses tightly.
Further, the air-tight layer is made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer EVOH materials.
Has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention provides an integral airtight capsule structure consisting of a flexible skin and a rigid blocking cover, which is one of main structures of an inflatable deployable airtight cabin, has the advantages of light weight, small folding volume, high deployment reliability, low cost, short development period and the like, and is favorable for realizing the purposes of volume maximization, structural lightweight and functional compositing of the inflatable airtight cabin.
(2) The flexible skin of the invention adopts a multifunctional skin material, and the multifunctional skin structure is divided into the following parts according to functions from inside to outside: the flexible skin comprises an airtight layer, a pressure bearing layer, a fragment protective layer and a thermal protective layer, wherein the airtight layer and the pressure bearing layer are main functional layers of the flexible skin; the airtight layer has the characteristics of high reliability and uniform stress of the bearing layer.
(3) The air-tight layer is divided into two layers, namely a first air-tight layer and a second air-tight layer; the first airtight layer and the second airtight layer are compounded by adopting a circular or polygonal bonding technology, so that when the local part of the airtight layer is damaged, the air leakage probability of the whole airtight bag body structure is greatly reduced, the redundancy of the airtight layer is increased, the air tightness of the whole structure is improved, the reliability of the whole structure is improved, and the weight of the whole structure is not increased by more than 0.1 percent of the total weight.
(4) The pressure bearing layer of the invention adopts the Kevlar braided belt, so that the integral airtight bag body structure is stressed uniformly, and the ratio of the maximum stress to the minimum stress is not more than 1.1.
(5) The two rigid blocking covers are respectively fixed on the two circular notches of the flexible skin in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the circular notches are sealed, and the pressure-bearing layer, the air-tight layer and the rigid blocking covers form the rigid-flexible connected air-tight capsule body, so that the air leakage rate of the joint of the air-tight layer and the rigid blocking covers, namely the air leakage rate of the integral air-tight capsule body structure is not higher than that of the air-tight layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural component diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a component view of a flexible skin;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the first and second hermetic layers;
FIG. 4 is a woven structure view of a pressure bearing layer;
FIG. 5 is a rigid-flexible connection airtight structure diagram of the flexible skin and the rigid blanking cover;
FIG. 6 is a graph of fundamental frequency versus differential pressure for the present invention;
the method comprises the following steps of 1-flexible skin, 2-rigid plug cover, 3-first airtight layer, 4-second airtight layer, 5-pressure bearing layer, 6-fragment protective layer, 7-thermal protective layer, 8-circular bonding, 9-airtight layer, 10-rigid-flexible connecting piece, 11-screw A, 12-sealing pad, 13-reinforcing belt, 14-steel ring and 15-screw B.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment provides a unitary airtight capsule structure, referring to fig. 1, including: a flexible skin 1 and a rigid blanking cover 2; the flexible skin 1 can be folded and is of a hollow columnar structure after being unfolded, circular notches are machined at two ends of the hollow columnar structure, and each circular notch is provided with a rigid plug cover 2;
the rigid blocking cover 2 adopts a metal structure, and the sealing performance of the rigid blocking cover inherits the sealing technology of the rigid metal cabin, so that the butt joint of the airtight capsule body structure and the rigid metal cabin is facilitated;
the flexible skin 1 is made of a multifunctional skin material, and referring to the attached figure 2, the flexible skin 1 is divided into the following parts from inside to outside in sequence: the pressure-bearing layer 5 is fixed on the outer surface of the air-bearing layer through bonding (namely local heat sealing), the fragment protection layer 6 is fixed on the outer surface of the pressure-bearing layer 5 through bonding or sewing, and the heat protection layer 7 is fixed on the outer surface of the fragment protection layer 6 through bonding or sewing; wherein the airtight layer and the pressure bearing layer 5 are main functional layers of the flexible skin 1;
the airtight layer 9 is composed of two layers, namely a first airtight layer 3 and a second airtight layer 4; the first airtight layer 3 and the second airtight layer 4 are both made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) materials, and are compounded by adopting a circular or polygonal bonding technology under a vacuum environment (the phenomenon that extra load is added to a capsule body structure during rail working is avoided), namely, the first airtight layer 3 and the second airtight layer 4 are compounded into an integral structure through circular or polygonal hot pressing, and adjacent circular or polygonal structures are not communicated to form parallel spaces, namely, a space N +1 and a space N +2 \8230, wherein the space N or polygonal interior is vacuum as shown in the attached figure 3; the first airtight layer 3 and the second airtight layer 4 are compounded to form an airtight layer 9 which is consistent with the flexible skin 1 in shape and is provided with a hollow columnar structure with circular notches at two ends, and then the pressure-bearing layer 5, the fragment protection layer 6 and the heat protection layer 7 are sequentially coated outside the airtight layer 9 and are fixedly connected to form the flexible skin 1;
referring to the attached figure 4, the pressure bearing layer 5 adopts a Kevlar braided belt, and the Kevlar braided belt is subjected to pre-stretching treatment before braiding, namely the Kevlar braided belt is wound in a high-low temperature test box, a weight of about 20kg is hung below the high-low temperature test box, the temperature in the box is 80 ℃, and the treatment time is 24 hours; then, selecting Kevlar braided belts with two widths according to different curvature radiuses of the flexible skin 1, wherein the Kevlar braided belt with one width is used as an axial braided belt of the pressure bearing layer 5, and the Kevlar braided belt with the other width is used as a circumferential braided belt of the pressure bearing layer 5; the axial braided belt is cut and pre-sewn by using the rigid blanking cover 2 as a positioning reference; the circumferential braided belts are subjected to length consistency adjustment by using a ground tool; finally, the axial braided belts and the annular braided belts are crossed and braided, GD414 silicon rubber is coated at the crossed points of the axial braided belts and the annular braided belts for fixation, and finally the pressure bearing layer 5 is formed;
the fragment protective layer 6 is formed by compounding basalt cloth, aramid cloth and polyurethane foam; the thermal protection layer 7 adopts a polyester net, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the polyester net are coated with aluminized polyester films for heat protection;
the two rigid plugging covers 2 are respectively fixed on the two circular gaps of the flexible skin 1 through the rigid-flexible connecting pieces 10 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the circular gaps are sealed, referring to the attached drawing 5, the rigid-flexible connection between the rigid plugging covers 2 and the flexible skin 1 is as follows:
the rigid-flexible connecting piece 10 is an annular plate, an annular limiting boss coaxial with the annular plate is processed on the outer edge of the upper surface of the annular plate, the lower surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece 10 is fixed on the outer wall surface around the circular notch of the airtight layer 9 through silicon rubber bonding and a screw A11, and a sealing gasket 12 is arranged between the lower surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece 10 and the outer wall surface of the airtight layer 9;
an annular reinforcing belt 13 extends out of the pressure-bearing layer 5 coated outside the airtight layer 9, an annular steel ring 14 is fixed at the tail end of the annular reinforcing belt 13, and the steel ring 14 is tightly clamped on the inner circumferential surface of an annular limiting boss on the upper surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece 10 to realize the connection of the pressure-bearing layer 5 and the rigid-flexible connecting piece 10; wherein the reinforcing strip 13 is formed by strip rolling;
the rigid blocking cover 2 is arranged on the rigid-flexible connecting piece 10 through a screw B15 and seals the circular gap of the airtight layer 9; a sealing ring is arranged between the contact surface of the rigid blocking cover 2 and the rigid-flexible connecting piece 10, and when the rigid blocking cover 2 is arranged on the rigid-flexible connecting piece 10, the rigid blocking cover 2 compresses the sealing ring; finally the pressure bearing layer 5, the airtight layer 9 and the rigid plugging cover 2 form an airtight capsule body in rigid-flexible connection, and the gas permeation quantity<0.1Pam 3 /s。
The working principle is as follows: testing the gas tightness and structure fundamental frequency of the integral gas-tight bag body structure, filling 20KPa (gauge pressure) helium gas and air mixed gas into the gas-tight bag body structure, placing the gas-tight bag body structure into a vacuum tank, vacuumizing the tank to 10 deg.C -1 When Pa is needed, the helium mass spectrometer leak detector is opened, the air tightness (leak rate) of the airtight capsule body structure is tested by collecting the helium concentration in the vacuum tank, and the leak rate of the integral airtight capsule body structure is 0.08Pam 3 /s;
And (3) filling 20KPa, 40KPa, 60KPa and 80KPa (standard pressure) air into the airtight bag body structure, fixing the two ends of the airtight bag body structure through a support vehicle, testing the fundamental frequency of the integral airtight bag body structure to obtain the change condition of the fundamental frequency along with the gauge pressure, and knowing that the pressure maintaining capability of the airtight bag body structure is stable and the air tightness of the airtight bag body structure meets the requirement as shown in figure 6.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A one-piece airtight bladder structure comprising: a flexible skin and a rigid closure; the flexible skin is foldable, is a hollow columnar structure after being unfolded, circular notches are processed at two ends of the hollow columnar structure, a rigid plug cover is installed on each circular notch, and the rigid plug covers seal the circular notches.
2. The one-piece airtight bladder structure according to claim 1, wherein said flexible skin is divided, in order from inside to outside: the pressure-bearing layer is fixed on the outer surface of the air-bearing layer through bonding, the fragment protection layer is fixed on the outer surface of the pressure-bearing layer through bonding or sewing, and the heat protection layer is fixed on the outer surface of the fragment protection layer through bonding or sewing.
3. A one-piece airtight pouch structure according to claim 2, wherein said airtight layer is two layers, a first airtight layer and a second airtight layer; the first airtight layer and the second airtight layer are compounded by adopting a circular or polygonal bonding technology, namely the first airtight layer and the second airtight layer are compounded into an integral structure through circular or polygonal hot pressing, the adjacent circular or polygonal layers are not communicated, the interior of the circular or polygonal layers is vacuum, the first airtight layer and the second airtight layer are compounded to form the airtight layer which is in a hollow columnar structure with circular notches at two ends and consistent with the shape of the flexible skin, and then the pressure-bearing layer, the fragment protection layer and the heat protection layer are sequentially coated outside the airtight layer and fixedly connected into the flexible skin.
4. The integral airtight bag structure of claim 2, wherein the pressure bearing layer is kevlar woven belt, which is pre-stretched before being woven, i.e. kevlar woven belt is wound in a high and low temperature test chamber, and a weight of about kg is hung below the test chamber, the temperature in the chamber is at the temperature, and the treatment time is short; then, selecting Kevlar braided belts with two widths according to different curvature radiuses of the flexible skin, wherein the Kevlar braided belt with one width is used as an axial braided belt of the pressure bearing layer, and the Kevlar braided belt with the other width is used as a circumferential braided belt of the pressure bearing layer; the axial braided belt is cut and pre-sewn by taking the rigid blanking cover as a positioning reference; the circumferential braided belts are adjusted in length consistency by using a ground tool; and finally, the axial braided belt and the annular braided belt are crossed and braided, GD silicon rubber is coated at the crossed point of the axial braided belt and the annular braided belt for fixation, and a pressure-bearing layer is finally formed.
5. A one-piece airtight capsule structure, according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein said rigid cover is of metal construction; two rigidity blanking caps are respectively fixed on two circular gaps of the flexible skin through rigid-flexible connecting pieces in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the circular gaps are sealed, and the rigidity blanking caps are connected with the rigidity and the flexibility of the flexible skin as follows:
the rigid-flexible connecting piece is an annular plate, an annular limiting boss coaxial with the annular plate is processed at the outer edge of the upper surface of the annular plate, the lower surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece is fixed on the outer wall surface around the circular notch of the airtight layer through silicon rubber bonding and screws, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the lower surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece and the outer wall surface of the airtight layer;
an annular reinforcing belt extends out of the pressure-bearing layer coated outside the airtight layer, an annular steel ring is fixed at the tail end of the annular reinforcing belt, and the steel ring is clamped on the inner circumferential surface of an annular limiting boss on the upper surface of the rigid-flexible connecting piece to realize the connection of the pressure-bearing layer and the rigid-flexible connecting piece;
the rigid plug cover is arranged on the rigid-flexible connecting piece through a screw, and seals the circular gap of the airtight layer; and install the sealing washer between the contact surface of rigidity blanking cover and hard and soft connecting piece, when the rigidity blanking cover was installed on hard and soft connecting piece, the rigidity blanking cover will the sealing washer compresses tightly.
6. An integral airtight capsule body structure as claimed in any one of claims 2-4, wherein said airtight layer is made of EVOH material.
CN202210838632.XA 2022-07-18 2022-07-18 Integral airtight utricule structure Pending CN115384808A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117302552A (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-12-29 中国科学院力学研究所 Modularized extraterrestrial space capsule structure with high folding and unfolding ratio

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117302552A (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-12-29 中国科学院力学研究所 Modularized extraterrestrial space capsule structure with high folding and unfolding ratio
CN117302552B (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-06-07 中国科学院力学研究所 Modularized extraterrestrial space capsule structure with high folding and unfolding ratio

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