CN115381119B

CN115381119B - Printing head with dynamically scaled and adjusted through-flow cross section, printing method and machined part

Info

Publication number: CN115381119B
Application number: CN202211031364.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 章军; 刘禹; 刘光元; 吕兵; 李东亚
Original assignee: Jiangnan University
Current assignee: Jiangnan University
Priority date: 2022-08-26
Filing date: 2022-08-26
Publication date: 2023-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-26
Also published as: CN115381119A

Abstract

The invention relates to a printing head for dynamically adjusting a through-flow section, a printing method and a machined part, belonging to the field of 3D printing, and comprising a motor reducer integrated machine, a gear drive mechanism and a single-layer multi-piece slot guide fit type curtain flap mechanism; the curtain flap mechanism is sequentially provided with a pin turntable, a sliding block guide groove movable flap and a guide groove fixed disc, and the pin turntable and the guide groove fixed disc are coaxial; the driving mechanism enables the pin turntable to rotate, N uniformly distributed cylindrical pins on the pin turntable move on the sliding block guide groove movable valve, and N sliding block guide groove movable valves are driven to move along the uniformly distributed guide grooves on the guide groove fixed disk, so that a regular N-sided scalable and closed through-flow section is formed, and stepless adjustment of the through-flow area of the printing head is realized; the pin turntable with a large hole in the center can be replaced by a hole pin turntable with a plurality of distributed small holes; and by cooperatively controlling parameters such as three-coordinate direction movement, printing material flow or pressure, through-flow cross-sectional area and the like, the effects of writing brush painting, 3D printing products, textures and textures of foods can be formed.

Description

Printing head with dynamically scaled and adjusted through-flow cross section, printing method and machined part

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, additive processing or food processing machinery, in particular to a printing head with a dynamically scaled and adjusted through-flow cross section, a printing method and a machined part.

Background

There are different modes of 3D printing, they are different in the materials used, and the mode of use of the materials, in which direct writing printing is configured by extruding slurry through needle tubes and stacking the slurry layer by layer, but when there is a need for different thickness lines, the needle tubes with different thickness are replaced, or multiple spray heads are used for switching. In 3D printing, generally planar layered printing is two-dimensional motion of XY-axis dual control, so as to form a closed contour line and filling in the middle of the closed contour line, and adjusting in the Z-axis direction to print out a shape; therefore, only the processing of the contour line is focused, and the lamination line is formed on the contour surface.

The butterflybush patterns are not planar layered and cannot be printed using conventional planar layered 3D printing. Manually operated creaming, generally coordinated control of X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis movements and printing material flow or extrusion pressure, i.e. a conical plastic bag held by both hands, moved and simultaneously squeezed to cut off the cone tip of the creamed; the large-area patterns and the wide lines need to be filled for many times, so that the efficiency is low, the operation of one-time forming of two colors cannot be realized, and the long-time training is needed to make common patterns and characters; the cream patterns pay attention to decorative effect and individuation, and the technical labor force can be greatly reduced by applying 3D printing and material increasing processing.

Eleven strokes and sixteen chaps of painting written by Chinese writing brush are texture effects which are difficult to realize by 3D printing; decorative materials such as wood grain paper and checkered plates are difficult to simulate textures on natural materials; the decorative patterns of birthday cake, and 3D printed products such as 'text-created' food purchased by young people at high price, have textures and textures besides outline shapes, and can influence mouthfeel and flavor.

The 3D printing and the additive processing are not only the forming processing, but also the decoration and beautifying effects and even personalized products, the structural design and parameter optimization of the printing head have important values, and meanwhile, the forming process based on the motion analysis of the dot-line surface body is also combined with the design of the printing head.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the printing head, the printing method and the workpiece with the dynamically scaled and adjusted through-flow cross section, thereby meeting the requirements of a printing object on textures and textures, and enabling 3D printing to have better universality and adaptability by means of innovative designs of the printing head structure and the printing method.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a printing head with dynamically adjustable through-flow cross section comprises a driving mechanism and a curtain valve mechanism;

the driving mechanism adopts a motor speed reducer integrated machine and a gear transmission mechanism,

the curtain valve mechanism is a single-layer multi-slot guide fit type, the three-layer structure assembly which moves relatively is sequentially a driving pin rotary table, a movable valve and a guide slot fixing disc, and the driving pin rotary table coaxially rotates relative to the guide slot fixing disc; the driving mechanism enables the driving pin turntable to rotate, N cylindrical pins uniformly distributed on the driving pin turntable move in the guide grooves on the movable valve, and N movable valves are driven to move along the guide grooves uniformly distributed on the guide groove fixing plate, so that a regular N-sided scalable and closed through-flow section is formed, and stepless adjustment of the through-flow area of the printing head is realized; n of the positive N-sided polygon is a positive integer between 3 and 24;

the through-flow section of the curtain valve mechanism comprises: the hole shape of the positive N-sided shape, the nib hole shape of the positive N-sided shape, the hole shapes of a plurality of small holes distributed on the positive N-sided shape, the hole shapes of the positive N-sided shape staggered holes staggered slots, the hole shapes of the double-channel positive N-sided shape, and the hole shapes of the writing brush head type hole system pin turntable;

the drive pin carousel includes at least: the pin turntable and the hole are tied to the pin turntable,

the movable valve at least comprises: a sliding block guide groove movable vane, a square hole sliding block guide groove movable vane and a nib sliding block guide groove movable vane,

the guide slot fixing plate at least comprises: macroporous guide slot fixed disk, distribution little Kong Daocao fixed disk, distribution narrow groove guide slot fixed disk, distribution little Kong Zhaicao guide slot fixed disk.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:

in a driving mechanism adopting a gear transmission mechanism, a thread at the upper end of a bracket conical flow channel pipe is connected with a 3D printer, a conical hole is formed at the lower end of the bracket conical flow channel pipe, a motor speed reducer integrated machine is fixed on a horizontal bracket on the side surface of the bracket conical flow channel pipe, and a driving gear is fixed on an output shaft of the motor speed reducer integrated machine through a set screw; the driven gear meshed with the driving gear is fixedly positioned on the rotary seat cylinder through an inner hole, the rotary seat cylinder is sleeved on two needle bearings, a spacer bush is arranged between inner rings of the two needle bearings, and the two needle bearings are assembled on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the conical runner pipe of the bracket;

or in a driving mechanism adopting another planetary gear transmission, the screw thread at the upper end of the flange conical flow channel pipe is connected with the 3D printer, the lower end of the flange conical flow channel pipe is a conical hole, the motor speed reducer integrated machine is fixed on a bracket of the bracket rotating seat cylinder, and the driving gear is fixed on an output shaft of the motor speed reducer integrated machine through a set screw; the fixed gear meshed with the driving gear is fixed on the flange conical runner pipe by the inner hole, the bracket rotating seat cylinder is sleeved on two needle bearings, a spacer bush is arranged between the inner rings of the two needle bearings, and the two needle bearings are assembled on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the flange conical runner pipe.

In the regular N-shaped hole-shaped curtain valve mechanism, a macroporous guide groove fixing disc is fixed on a support conical runner pipe, a ring groove is formed in an outer cylinder of the macroporous guide groove fixing disc, a sealing gasket is arranged on the ring groove, the sealing gasket plays a sealing role between the macroporous guide groove fixing disc and a rotating seat cylinder, a pin turntable is fixed on the rotating seat cylinder, N sliding block guide groove movable valves are uniformly distributed between the pin turntable and the macroporous guide groove fixing disc, N cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the pin turntable, each cylindrical pin on the pin turntable is arranged in a guide groove on one sliding block guide groove movable valve, a sliding block part on the sliding block guide groove movable valve is arranged in the guide groove on the macroporous guide groove fixing disc, and the pin turntable and the macroporous guide groove fixing disc ensure a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket is arranged between the pin turntable and the rotating seat cylinder, so that a rotating gap is reserved between the pin turntable and the adjacent fixed disc of the sliding block guide groove and the adjacent fixed disc of the large hole guide groove, and the sealing effect on printing materials is realized;

or in the hole-shaped curtain valve mechanism with a plurality of small holes distributed in the regular N shape, a large hole guide groove fixing disc is fixed on a flange conical runner pipe, a ring groove is arranged on an outer cylinder of the large hole guide groove fixing disc, a sealing gasket is arranged on the large hole guide groove fixing disc, the sealing gasket plays a sealing role between the large hole guide groove fixing disc and a support rotating seat cylinder, a hole pin rotating disc is fixed on the support rotating seat cylinder, N sliding block guide groove movable valves are uniformly distributed between the hole pin rotating disc and the large hole guide groove fixing disc, N cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the hole pin rotating disc, each cylindrical pin on the rotating disc is arranged in a guide groove on one sliding block guide groove movable valve, a sliding block part on the sliding block guide groove movable valve is arranged in the guide groove on the large hole guide groove fixing disc, and the hole pin rotating disc and the large hole guide groove fixing disc ensure a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket is arranged between the hole pin rotating disc and the bracket rotating seat cylinder, so that a rotating gap is reserved between the hole pin rotating disc and the adjacent hole pin rotating disc, and the adjacent hole pin rotating disc are sealed by printing materials.

In the regular N-shaped nib hole-shaped curtain valve mechanism, a macroporous guide groove fixing disc is fixed on a support conical runner pipe, a ring groove is formed in an outer cylinder of the macroporous guide groove fixing disc, a sealing gasket is arranged on the ring groove, the sealing gasket plays a sealing role between the macroporous guide groove fixing disc and a rotating seat cylinder, a pin turntable is fixed on the rotating seat cylinder, N nib slider guide groove movable flaps are uniformly distributed between the pin turntable and the macroporous guide groove fixing disc, N cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the pin turntable, each cylindrical pin is arranged in a guide groove on one nib slider guide groove movable flap, a slider part on the nib slider guide groove movable flap is arranged in a guide groove on the macroporous guide groove fixing disc, and the pin turntable and the macroporous guide groove fixing disc ensure a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket is arranged between the pin turntable and the rotary seat cylinder, so that a rotary gap is reserved between the pin turntable and the adjacent part of the nib sliding block guide groove movable valve and the large hole guide groove fixed disc, and the sealing effect on printing materials is realized;

one side contact surface of the nib sliding block, which slides relatively, is vertically connected with a vertical plate with a quadrangular cross section, and the vertical plate with the quadrangular cross section extends downwards from a big hole in the middle of the pin turntable, so that a scaled positive N-shaped nib is formed.

The double-flow-passage positive N-shaped hole is characterized in that a flow passage is added in a bracket conical flow passage pipe hole, the bracket conical flow passage pipe and the positioning arc T-shaped inner flow passage pipe are jointly installed on a 3D printer through the arc side face of a diamond flange at the upper end of the positioning arc T-shaped inner flow passage pipe and the step arc surface gap of the bracket conical flow passage pipe in a matched and positioned mode.

In the hole-shaped curtain flap mechanism of the brush head type hole pin turntable, namely, on the hole pin turntable, a thin plastic pipe is adhered in a small hole of the brush head type hole pin turntable, a thread with a fixing function is embedded into a ring groove on the upper end surface of the hole pin turntable and penetrates through the small hole and is woven or adhered, meanwhile, various hairs are adhered and fixed on the thread and the thin plastic pipe, a ring opening groove is formed on the outer diameter of the hole pin turntable, the various hairs are tied by the thread, and ink is supplied into gaps of the various hairs 1022 in the thin plastic pipe.

A printing method of a printing head with a dynamically scaled and adjusted through-flow section comprises five parameters, namely a scaled area of a hole, X, Y, Z triaxial movement and printing material flow or extrusion pressure; the aperture scaling area parameter, the X, Y, Z triaxial motion parameter, and any one of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or any two of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or any three of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, form a printing method under dual control, triple control, quadruple control and quintuplet control; meanwhile, according to the characteristics of printing materials and the characteristics of printing structures, the printing method is further combined with the structure of the printing head and parameter optimization.

The through-flow section selects hole shapes of the plurality of small holes in the regular N-shaped distribution, namely a hole series pin turntable is selected, and three-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters is adopted, or four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters as well as the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is adopted; the small holes distributed on the hole-series pin turntable flow ink to realize the painting and calligraphy effect of the writing brush;

or the brush pen head type hole system pin turntable is selected, and the writing and drawing effects of the brush pen are realized through the triple control of hole scaling area parameters and X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters, or through the quadruple control of hole scaling area parameters and X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters, or through the quadruple control of hole scaling area parameters and X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters, and printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, and ink is not added.

The precision requirement of the cake decorating pattern is low, and the three-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters is realized, or the four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters is realized, or the four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis motion parameters and the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is realized, or the five-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters and the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is realized; the standardized and serial procedures of the structured patterns and the characters realize the decoration processing with high efficiency, individuation and artistry.

And the printing head with the dynamically scaled and adjusted through-flow cross section and the printing method are used for manufacturing the workpiece.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

compared with the traditional 3D printing, the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, increases the control parameter of dynamic scaling adjustment of the through-flow section, adopts dynamic scaling adjustment control (single large hole and/or multiple distributed small holes) of the through-flow section, and cooperates with the printing head to print the material flow or extrusion pressure control and/or 2.5-dimensional (X, Y-axis combined control and Z-axis change) and 3-dimensional (X, Y, Z-axis combined control) motion control printing method, so that the 3D printing has better universality and adaptability.

The invention adopts a plurality of distributed small hole printing heads (concentric circle distributed hole system with larger middle aperture and smaller edge aperture) to generate line effects of middle darkness and edge darkness, the through-flow section is adjusted in real time to generate the functions of writing brushes with different diameters or row pens and oil painting pens with different widths, and the flow and the distance on the height are adjusted in real time to generate darkness and darkness effects and the strokes play a role in collecting charm.

The invention not only forms the outline shape, but also focuses on the visual texture generated in the process of sealing the outline and filling, thereby forming the texture effect of the strokes of Chinese writing brush characters and the chapping method of Chinese paintings, and the generated cellulosic configuration forms the pen transporting style of the oil painting.

The invention is suitable for application occasions of 3D printing and additive processing in food and restaurant processing industries, such as cream decoration, food forming, vegetarian material forming, artificial protein meat forming and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a regular octagon scaling adjustment printhead of the present invention with zero flow area in state A-A.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a regular octagon scaling printhead of the present invention with the flow area at maximum.

Fig. 5 is a front view of a regular octagon zoom-adjusted orifice print head of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a bottom view of a large aperture guide slot retaining disk assembly for a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a front cross-sectional view of a large aperture guide slot retaining disk feature of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a front view of a slider guide slot flap feature of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a slider guide slot flap feature of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a bottom view of a pin tumbler part of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a front cross-sectional view of a pin tumbler part of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a flow area zero state for a square-scale regulated printhead of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a square-scale regulated printhead of the present invention with the flow area at maximum.

FIG. 14 illustrates the regular octagonal nib zoom adjustment of the printhead of the present invention with zero flow area.

Fig. 15 shows a regular octagonal nib zoom adjustment of the flow area of the printhead in a maximum state.

Fig. 16 is a front view of the nib slider guide slot moving lobe feature of the regular octagonal nib zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a nib slider guide slot moving lobe feature of a regular octagonal nib zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a bottom view of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention with a small Kong Daocao fixture disk part.

Fig. 19 is a front cross-sectional view of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention with a small Kong Daocao fixed disk part.

Fig. 20 is a bottom view of a distribution slot guide slot retention tray component of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a front cross-sectional view of a distributed slot guide slot fixed disk part of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention;

fig. 22 is a bottom view of a small Kong Zhaicao channel plate fixture for a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead according to the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a front cross-sectional view of a small Kong Zhaicao channel plate fixture for a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a front view of a dual-channel regular octagonal aperture of a regular octagonal scaling printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a top plan view of a dual-channel regular octagon of a regular octagon scaling printhead of the present invention.

Fig. 26 is a front view of a writing brush style orifice pin tumbler disc of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a top view of a brush pen style orifice pin tumbler disc of a regular octagon zoom adjustment printhead of the present invention.

Wherein: 4. adjusting the gasket; 5. rotating the seat cylinder; 6. a sealing gasket; 7. needle roller bearings; 8. a bracket conical runner pipe; 9. a spacer bush; 10. a driven gear; 11. a drive gear; 12. the motor speed reducer is an integrated machine; 13. positioning an arc T-shaped inner flow channel pipe;

51. the bracket rotates the seat cylinder;

81. a flange conical flow channel pipe;

1001. a fixed gear;

the driving rotating disk includes: 101. a pin turntable; 102. a hole is a pin turntable;

1021. a filar; 1022. various pen hairs; 1023. a thin plastic tube;

the movable valve comprises: 201. a slide block guide groove moves a flap; 202. square hole slide block guide slot movable valve; 203. a nib slide block guide groove moves a flap;

the guide slot fixed disk includes: 301. a macroporous guide groove fixing plate; 302. a Kong Daocao fixed disk is distributed in small size; 303. a fixed disc with narrow grooves and guide grooves is distributed; 304. the distribution is small Kong Zhaicao, and the guide groove is fixed on the disc.

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-27, the present embodiment relates to a printhead with dynamically adjustable flow cross section, which includes a driving mechanism and a curtain flap mechanism;

the driving mechanism is a motor-reducer integrated machine 12 and a gear transmission mechanism.

The curtain valve mechanism is a single-layer multi-slot guide fit type, the three-layer structure component which moves relatively is a driving pin rotary table, a movable valve and a guide slot fixing plate in sequence, and the driving pin rotary table coaxially rotates relative to the guide slot fixing plate; the driving mechanism enables the driving pin turntable to rotate, N cylindrical pins uniformly distributed on the driving pin turntable move in the guide grooves on the movable valve, and N movable valves are driven to move along the guide grooves uniformly distributed on the guide groove fixing plate, so that a scalable and closed through-flow section of a positive N-sided polygon is formed, stepless adjustment of the through-flow area of the printing head is realized, and N of the positive N-sided polygon is a positive integer between 3 and 24.

The through-flow cross section of the curtain valve mechanism comprises: (1) a hole shape of a positive N-sided shape (a large-hole-distributing guide groove fixing plate 301), (2) a nib hole shape of a positive N-sided shape, (3) a hole shape of a plurality of small-hole-distributing holes of a positive N-sided shape, (4) a hole shape of a positive N-sided shape staggered hole (a small-Kong Daocao fixing plate 302) or a hole shape of a positive N-sided shape staggered hole (a narrow-groove-distributing guide groove fixing plate 303) or a hole shape of a positive N-sided shape staggered hole (a small-Kong Zhaicao guide groove fixing plate 304) and (5) a hole shape of a double-flow channel single-component double-component.

Thus, the drive pin carousel comprises at least: pin rotor 101, hole are pin rotor 102, and the movable vane at least includes: the slider guide slot movable flap 201, the square hole slider guide slot movable flap 202, the nib slider guide slot movable flap 203, the guide slot fixed disk at least includes: large hole guide groove fixing plate 301, small distribution Kong Daocao fixing plate 302, narrow distribution groove guide groove fixing plate 303 and small distribution Kong Zhaicao guide groove fixing plate 304.

A printing method of a printing head adopting dynamic scaling adjustment of a through-flow section comprises five parameters including aperture scaling area, X, Y, Z triaxial movement and printing material flow or extrusion pressure (one of the flow or extrusion pressure is selected as a parameter); the aperture scaling area parameter, the X, Y, Z triaxial motion parameter, and any one of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or any two of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or any three of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, form a printing method under dual control, triple control, quadruple control and quintuplet control; meanwhile, according to the characteristics of printing materials and the characteristics of printing structures, the printing method is further combined with the structure of the printing head and parameter optimization.

Through the cooperative control of the through-flow cross-section area of the printing head and the X coordinate direction movement, the Y coordinate direction movement, the Z coordinate direction movement and the printing material flow or extrusion pressure of the printer, the effect of writing brush painting, 3D printing products, especially the shape, texture and texture of food can be formed.

Embodiment one:

referring to fig. 1-4, a gear rotation driving mechanism fixed by a motor-reducer integrated machine 12 mainly comprises an adjusting gasket 4, a rotation seat cylinder 5, a sealing gasket 6, a needle bearing 7, a bracket conical runner pipe 8, a spacer 9, a driven gear 10, a driving gear 11 and the motor-reducer integrated machine 12; the screw thread at the upper end of the bracket conical flow channel pipe 8 is connected with the 3D printer, the lower end of the bracket conical flow channel pipe 8 is a conical hole, the motor speed reducer integrated machine 12 is fixed on a horizontal bracket at the side surface of the bracket conical flow channel pipe 8, and the driving gear 11 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor speed reducer integrated machine 12 by a set screw; the driven gear 10 meshed with the driving gear 11 is fixed on the rotary seat cylinder 5 by inner hole positioning, the rotary seat cylinder 5 is sleeved on the two needle bearings 7, a spacer 9 is arranged between the inner rings of the two needle bearings 7, and the two needle bearings 7 are assembled on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the bracket conical runner pipe 8.

In the regular octagonal hole-shaped curtain valve mechanism, a large hole guide groove fixing disc 301 is fixed on a support conical runner pipe 8, a ring groove is formed in an outer cylinder of the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301, a sealing gasket 6 is arranged, the sealing gasket 6 plays a sealing role between the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301 and a rotating seat cylinder 5, a pin turntable 101 is fixed on the rotating seat cylinder 5, eight sliding block guide groove movable flaps 201 are uniformly distributed between the pin turntable 101 and the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301, eight cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the pin turntable 101, each cylindrical pin on the driving pin turntable is arranged in a guide groove on one sliding block guide groove movable flap 201, a sliding block part on the sliding block guide groove movable flap 201 is arranged in a guide groove on the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301, and the pin turntable 101 and the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301 ensure a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket 4 is arranged between the pin turntable 101 and the rotary seat cylinder 5, so that a rotary gap is reserved between the pin turntable 101, the sliding block guide groove movable flap 201 and the large hole guide groove fixed disc 301, and sealing effect on printing materials is realized.

Therefore, the motor reducer integrated machine 12 drives the rotary seat cylinder 5 and the pin turntable 101 to rotate anticlockwise through the driving gear 11 and the driven gear 10, and eight cylindrical pins on the pin turntable 101 drive eight sliding block guide groove movable petals 201 to move along eight guide grooves on the large-hole guide groove fixed disc 301, so that a regular octagonal scalable and closed through-flow section is formed.

The structure shown in fig. 3 is that eight slide block guide groove movable petals 201 in the curtain petal mechanism are in a sealed state and are initial positions of a pin turntable 101; the structure shown in fig. 4 is that eight slide guide groove movable petals 201 in the curtain petal mechanism are in a maximum opening state, and are also in a maximum position where a pin turntable 101 rotates clockwise; adjacent contact surfaces of the movable petals 201 of the eight slide block guide grooves are in fit sealing.

The structure of the large-hole guide groove fixing plate 301 is shown in fig. 6-7, when the large-hole guide groove fixing plate 301 is installed, the guide groove on the large-hole guide groove fixing plate 301 is downward, and a shallow cylindrical groove for positioning is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the large-hole guide groove fixing plate; the structure of the sliding block guide groove movable flap 201 is shown in fig. 8-9, and the sliding block on the sliding block guide groove movable flap 201 is arranged above and the guide groove is arranged below; the pin turntable 101 has a structure as shown in fig. 10-11, and a shallow cylindrical boss for positioning is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the large-hole guide groove fixing plate 301 during installation, and eight cylindrical pins are uniformly fixed in an interference fit manner.

Embodiment two:

referring to fig. 5, the hole-train pin turntable 102 replaces the pin turntable 101, the bracket rotating seat cylinder 51 replaces the rotating seat cylinder 5, the flange conical flow passage pipe 81 replaces the bracket conical flow passage pipe 8, and the fixed gear 1001 replaces the driven gear 10; the method comprises the following steps:

the planetary gear driving mechanism of the motor reducer integrated machine 12 comprises: planetary drive mechanism: the device comprises an adjusting gasket 4, a bracket rotating seat cylinder 51, a sealing gasket 6, a needle bearing 7, a flange conical flow passage pipe 81, a spacer 9, a fixed gear 1001, a driving gear 11 and a motor reducer integrated machine 12; the screw thread of the upper end of the flange conical flow channel pipe 81 is connected with the 3D printer, the lower end of the flange conical flow channel pipe 81 is a conical hole, the motor speed reducer integrated machine 12 is fixed on a bracket of the bracket rotating seat cylinder 51, and the driving gear 11 is fixed on an output shaft of the motor speed reducer integrated machine 12 by a set screw; the fixed gear 1001 meshed with the driving gear 11 is fixedly positioned on the flange conical flow passage pipe 81 by an inner hole, the bracket rotating seat cylinder 51 is sleeved on the two needle bearings 7, a spacer 9 is arranged between inner rings of the two needle bearings 7, and the two needle bearings 7 are assembled on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the flange conical flow passage pipe 81;

in the hole-shaped curtain valve mechanism with regular octagon multiple small holes, a large hole guide groove fixing disc 301 is fixed on a flange conical flow channel tube 81, a ring groove is arranged on an outer cylinder of the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301, a sealing gasket 6 is arranged on the ring groove, the sealing gasket 6 plays a sealing role between the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301 and a support rotating seat cylinder 51, a hole pin rotating disc 102 is fixed on the support rotating seat cylinder 51, eight sliding block guide groove movable flaps 201 are uniformly distributed between the hole pin rotating disc 102 and the guide groove fixing, eight cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the hole pin rotating disc 102, each cylindrical pin on the driving pin rotating disc is arranged in a guide groove on one sliding block guide groove movable flap 201, a sliding block part on the sliding block guide groove movable flap 201 is arranged in a guide groove on the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301, and the hole pin rotating disc 102 and the large hole guide groove fixing disc 301 ensure a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket 4 is arranged between the hole pin turntable 102 and the bracket rotating seat cylinder 51, so that the adjacent space between the hole pin turntable 102, the sliding block guide groove movable flap 201 and the large hole guide groove fixed disc 301 has a rotating gap and a sealing effect on printing materials;

therefore, under the limitation of the driving and fixing gear 1001 of the motor-reducer integrated machine 12, the driving gear 11 revolves anticlockwise and rotates clockwise, the motor-reducer integrated machine 12, the bracket rotating seat cylinder 51 and the hole-train pin turntable 102 rotate anticlockwise, eight cylindrical pins on the hole-train pin turntable 102 drive eight sliding block guide groove movable petals 201 to move along eight guide grooves on the large-hole guide groove fixing plate 301, and therefore a regular octagonal scalable and closed through-flow section is formed.

Wherein, the hole system pin turntable 102 is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the diameters and the distribution forms of the holes are designed and obtained through experiments according to the requirements and the characteristics of printing materials.

Wherein, the distribution small Kong Daocao fixed disk 302, the distribution narrow groove guide groove fixed disk 303 and the distribution small Kong Zhaicao guide groove fixed disk 304 are respectively as shown in fig. 18-23, and respectively correspond to the hole shape of the regular octagon staggered holes (the distribution small Kong Daocao fixed disk 302), the hole shape of the regular octagon staggered holes (the distribution narrow groove guide groove fixed disk 303), or the hole shape of the regular octagon staggered holes (the distribution small Kong Zhaicao guide groove fixed disk 304); the distribution small holes and the narrow grooves, the diameter of the holes, the width of the grooves and the distribution form are designed and obtained through experiments according to the requirements and the characteristics of printing materials.

Embodiment III:

referring to fig. 12 to 13, in a square-shaped scaling adjustment print head, a regular octagonal slider guide groove movable flap 201 in the scaling adjustment print head is replaced with a square-hole slider guide groove movable flap 202, and the rest of the structure is the same as that of the first or second embodiment.

Embodiment four:

referring to fig. 14 to 15, in the regular octagonal nib hole-shaped shutter mechanism, the slider guide groove shutter 201 is replaced with the nib slider guide groove shutter 203 as compared with the regular octagonal hole-shaped shutter in the first embodiment;

the guide slot fixed disk is fixed on the support conical runner pipe 8, an annular groove is formed in an outer cylinder of the guide slot fixed disk, a sealing gasket 6 is arranged on the outer cylinder, the sealing gasket 6 plays a sealing role between the guide slot fixed disk and the rotary seat cylinder 5, the pin turntable 101 is fixed on the rotary seat cylinder 5, eight pen point slide block guide slot movable petals 203 are uniformly distributed between the pin turntable 101 and the guide slot fixed disk, eight cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the pin turntable 101, each cylindrical pin on the driving pin turntable is arranged in a guide slot on one pen point slide block guide slot movable petal 203, a slide block part on the pen point slide block guide slot movable petal 203 is arranged in a guide slot on the guide slot fixed disk, and the pin turntable 101 and the guide slot fixed disk ensure a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket 4 is arranged between the pin turntable 101 and the rotary seat cylinder 5, so that a rotary gap is reserved between the pin turntable 101, the moving flap 203 of the pen point sliding block guide groove and the adjacent guide groove fixing disc, and the sealing effect on printing materials is realized;

the structure of the movable vane 203 of the pen point slide block guide slot is shown in fig. 16-17, and a contact surface on one side of the movable vane 203 of the pen point slide block guide slot, which is relatively sliding, is vertically connected with a vertical plate (the cross section of which is provided with a section line in fig. 15 and is formed by three vertical planes and one inclined plane), and the vertical plate with the cross section of the quadrangle extends downwards from a big hole in the middle of the pin turntable 101, so that a scaled regular octagonal pen point is formed.

Fifth embodiment:

24-25, compared with the regular octagonal hole shape of the first embodiment, only one flow channel is added in the hole of the bracket conical flow channel tube 8, the bracket conical flow channel tube 8 and the positioning arc T-shaped inner flow channel tube 13 are jointly installed on the 3D printer by matching and positioning the arc side surface of the diamond flange at the upper end of the positioning arc T-shaped inner flow channel tube 13 with the step arc surface of the bracket conical flow channel tube 8; one component runner is a positioning arc T-shaped inner runner pipe 13, and the other component runner is an annular runner outside the positioning arc T-shaped inner runner pipe 13 and inside the bracket conical runner pipe 8.

Before the flow channel of the curtain valve mechanism is opened at the outer diameter of the lower end of the positioning arc T-shaped inner flow channel pipe 13, only single-component materials in the positioning arc T-shaped inner flow channel pipe 13 are processed; and if the flow passage opening is continuously increased, the double-component materials of the circular section flow passage of the bracket conical flow passage pipe 8 and the circular section flow passage of the positioning arc T-shaped inner flow passage pipe 13 are processed simultaneously.

Example six:

in the hole-shaped curtain flap mechanism of the brush head type hole pin rotary disc, namely, on the hole pin rotary disc 102, a thin plastic tube 1023 is adhered in a small hole of the brush head type hole pin rotary disc 102, a wire 1021 with a fixing function is embedded into a ring groove on the upper end surface of the hole pin rotary disc 102 and penetrates through the small hole, knitting or adhesion is carried out, various pen hairs 1022 are adhered and fixed on the wire 1021 and the thin plastic tube 1023, a ring opening groove is formed on the outer diameter of the hole pin rotary disc 102, various pen hairs 1022 are tied by the wire 1021, and ink is supplied into gaps of the various pen hairs 1022 in the thin plastic tube 1023.

Embodiment seven:

the through-flow section selects hole shapes of the plurality of small holes with the regular N-shaped distribution, namely, a hole system pin turntable 102 is selected, and three-way control of hole scaling area parameters and X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters is adopted, or four-way control of hole scaling area parameters and X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters as well as printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is adopted; the small holes distributed on the hole-series pin turntable 102 flow ink to realize the painting and calligraphy effect of the writing brush;

the brush pen head type hole pin rotating disc 102 is selected, and the three-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters is adopted, or the four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters is adopted, or the four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters as well as the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is adopted; not only realizes the painting and calligraphy effect of the writing brush, but also does not need to add ink.

Example eight:

the precision requirement of the cake decorating pattern is low, and the three-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters is realized, or the four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters is realized, or the four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis motion parameters and the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is realized, or the five-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters and the printing material flow or extrusion pressure is realized; the standardized and serial procedures of the structured patterns and the characters realize the decoration processing with high efficiency, individuation and artistry.

The above description is intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit it, the scope of which is defined by the claims, and any modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A printhead with dynamic scaling adjustment of flow cross section, characterized by: comprises a driving mechanism and a curtain valve mechanism;

the drive pin carousel includes at least: a pin turntable (101) and a hole-system pin turntable (102),

the movable valve at least comprises: a sliding block guide groove movable vane (201), a square hole sliding block guide groove movable vane (202) and a nib sliding block guide groove movable vane (203),

the guide slot fixing plate at least comprises: a large-hole guide groove fixing disc (301), a small-distribution Kong Daocao fixing disc (302), a narrow-distribution guide groove fixing disc (303) and a small-distribution Kong Zhaicao guide groove fixing disc (304); in a driving mechanism adopting a gear transmission mechanism, a thread at the upper end of a bracket conical flow channel pipe (8) is connected with a 3D printer, a conical hole is formed at the lower end of the bracket conical flow channel pipe (8), a motor speed reducer integrated machine (12) is fixed on a horizontal bracket at the side surface of the bracket conical flow channel pipe (8), and a driving gear (11) is fixed on an output shaft of the motor speed reducer integrated machine (12) through a set screw; a driven gear (10) meshed with the driving gear (11) is fixedly positioned on the rotary seat cylinder (5) through an inner hole, the rotary seat cylinder (5) is sleeved on two needle bearings (7), a spacer bush (9) is arranged between inner rings of the two needle bearings (7), and the two needle bearings (7) are assembled on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the conical runner pipe (8) of the bracket;

or in a driving mechanism adopting another planetary gear transmission, the screw thread at the upper end of the flange conical flow channel pipe (81) is connected with the 3D printer, the lower end of the flange conical flow channel pipe (81) is a conical hole, the motor speed reducer integrated machine (12) is fixed on a bracket of the bracket rotating seat cylinder (51), and the driving gear (11) is fixed on an output shaft of the motor speed reducer integrated machine (12) through a set screw; a fixed gear (1001) meshed with the driving gear (11) is fixed on the flange conical runner pipe (81) by means of inner hole positioning, a bracket rotating seat cylinder (51) is sleeved on two needle bearings (7), a spacer bush (9) is arranged between inner rings of the two needle bearings (7), and the two needle bearings (7) are assembled on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the flange conical runner pipe (81); in the regular N-shaped hole-shaped curtain valve mechanism, a large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) is fixed on a support conical runner pipe (8), an annular groove is formed in an outer cylinder of the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), a sealing gasket (6) is arranged on the outer cylinder, the sealing gasket (6) plays a sealing role between the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) and a rotating seat cylinder (5), a pin turntable (101) is fixed on the rotating seat cylinder (5), N sliding block guide groove movable flaps (201) are uniformly distributed between the pin turntable (101) and the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), N cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the pin turntable (101), each cylindrical pin on the pin turntable (101) is arranged in a guide groove on one sliding block guide groove movable flap (201), a sliding block part on the sliding block guide groove movable flap (201) is arranged in the guide groove on the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), and the pin turntable (101) and the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) are guaranteed to be in a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket (4) is arranged between the pin turntable (101) and the rotary seat cylinder (5), so that a rotary gap and a sealing effect on printing materials are ensured between adjacent pin turntable (101), a sliding block guide groove movable flap (201) and a large hole guide groove fixed disc (301);

or in the hole-shaped curtain flap mechanism with a plurality of small holes in the regular N shape, a large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) is fixed on a flange conical runner pipe (81), a ring groove is arranged on an outer cylinder of the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), a sealing gasket (6) is arranged on the outer cylinder, the sealing gasket (6) plays a sealing role between the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) and a support rotating seat cylinder (51), a hole-system pin turntable (102) is fixed on the support rotating seat cylinder (51), N slide block guide groove movable flaps (201) are uniformly distributed between the hole-system pin turntable (102) and the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), N cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the hole-system pin turntable (102), each cylindrical pin on the turntable (1) is arranged in a guide groove on one slide block guide groove movable flap (201), a slide block part on the slide block movable flap (201) is arranged in a guide groove on the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), and the hole-system pin turntable (102) and the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) ensure a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket (4) is arranged between the hole pin rotating disc (102) and the bracket rotating seat cylinder (51), so that a rotating gap exists between adjacent hole pin rotating discs (102), sliding block guide groove movable petals (201) and a large hole guide groove fixed disc (301) and sealing effect on printing materials is guaranteed.

2. The through-flow cross-section dynamically scaled printhead of claim 1, wherein: in the regular N-shaped nib hole-shaped curtain flap mechanism, a large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) is fixed on a support conical runner pipe (8), an annular groove is formed in an outer cylinder of the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), a sealing gasket (6) is arranged on the outer cylinder, the sealing gasket (6) plays a sealing role between the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) and a rotating seat cylinder (5), a pin turntable (101) is fixed on the rotating seat cylinder (5), N nib slider guide groove movable flaps (203) are uniformly distributed between the pin turntable (101) and the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), N cylindrical pins are uniformly distributed on the pin turntable (101), each cylindrical pin is arranged in a guide groove on one nib slider guide groove movable flap (203), a slider part on the nib slider guide groove movable flap (203) is arranged in a guide groove on the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301), and the pin turntable (101) and the large hole guide groove fixing disc (301) guarantee a coaxial state; an adjusting gasket (4) is arranged between the pin turntable (101) and the rotary seat cylinder (5), so that a rotary gap is reserved between adjacent pin turntable (101), a nib sliding block guide groove movable valve (203) and a large hole guide groove fixed disk (301) and the sealing effect on printing materials is ensured;

one side contact surface of the nib sliding block guide groove movable valve (203) which slides relatively is vertically connected with a vertical plate with a quadrangular cross section, and the vertical plate with the quadrangular cross section extends downwards from a big hole in the middle of the pin turntable (101), so that a scaled positive N-shaped nib is formed.

3. The through-flow cross-section dynamically scaled printhead of claim 1, wherein: the double-channel positive N-shaped hole is characterized in that a channel is added in the hole of the support conical channel tube (8), the circular arc side surface of the diamond flange at the upper end of the positioning circular arc T-shaped inner channel tube (13) is in clearance fit with the step circular arc surface of the support conical channel tube (8), and the support conical channel tube (8) and the positioning circular arc T-shaped inner channel tube (13) are mounted on the 3D printer together.

4. The through-flow cross-section dynamically scaled printhead of claim 1, wherein: in the hole-shaped curtain flap mechanism of the brush head type hole pin turntable, namely, on the hole pin turntable (102), a thin plastic pipe (1023) is adhered in a small hole of the brush head type hole pin turntable (102), a thread (1021) with a fixing function is embedded into a ring groove on the upper end surface of the hole pin turntable (102) and penetrates through the small hole and is woven or adhered, various pen hairs (1022) are adhered and fixed on the thread (1021) and the thin plastic pipe (1023), a ring opening groove is formed on the outer diameter of the hole pin turntable (102), various pen hairs (1022) are tied by the thread (1021), and ink is supplied into gaps of the various pen hairs 1022 in the thin plastic pipe (1023).

5. A method of printing using the flow-through cross-section dynamically scaled printhead of claim 1, characterized by: the method comprises five parameters of orifice scaling area, X, Y, Z triaxial movement and printing material flow or extrusion pressure; the aperture scaling area parameter, the X, Y, Z triaxial motion parameter, and any one of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or any two of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or any three of the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, or the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, form a printing method under dual control, triple control, quadruple control and quintuplet control; meanwhile, according to the characteristics of printing materials and the characteristics of printing structures, the printing method is further combined with the structure of the printing head and parameter optimization.

6. A method of printing a printhead having a dynamically scaled flow cross-section according to claim 5, wherein: the through-flow section selects hole shapes of the plurality of small holes in the regular N-shaped distribution, namely a hole series pin turntable (102) is selected, and three-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters is adopted, or four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters as well as the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is adopted; the small holes distributed on the hole-series pin turntable (102) flow ink to realize the painting and calligraphy effect of the writing brush;

or the brush pen head type hole system pin turntable (102) is selected, and the writing and drawing effects of the brush pen are realized through triple control of hole scaling area parameters and X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters, or through quadruple control of hole scaling area parameters and X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters, or through quadruple control of hole scaling area parameters and X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters, and printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters, and ink is not added.

7. A method of printing a printhead having a dynamically scaled flow cross-section according to claim 5, wherein: the precision requirement of the cake decorating pattern is low, and the three-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis and Y-axis motion parameters is realized, or the four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters is realized, or the four-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis motion parameters and the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is realized, or the five-way control of the hole scaling area parameter and the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis motion parameters and the printing material flow or extrusion pressure parameters is realized; the standardized and serial procedures of the structured patterns and the characters realize the decoration processing with high efficiency, individuation and artistry.

8. The utility model provides a printing head of through-flow cross-section dynamic scaling adjustment, printing method processing's machined part which characterized in that: a printhead using the through-flow cross-section dynamic scaling adjustment of any one of claims 1-4, and the printing method of any one of claims 5-7.