CN115380418A - Electricity storage group, electric moving body, and charging device - Google Patents

Electricity storage group, electric moving body, and charging device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115380418A
CN115380418A CN202180025109.9A CN202180025109A CN115380418A CN 115380418 A CN115380418 A CN 115380418A CN 202180025109 A CN202180025109 A CN 202180025109A CN 115380418 A CN115380418 A CN 115380418A
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China
Prior art keywords
control unit
charging device
power storage
moving body
electric
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Pending
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CN202180025109.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
仓贯正明
滨本克昭
长瀬绫佑
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Publication of CN115380418A publication Critical patent/CN115380418A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J43/00—Arrangements of batteries
    • B62J43/10—Arrangements of batteries for propulsion
    • B62J43/16—Arrangements of batteries for propulsion on motorcycles or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

A control unit (12) of the power storage group (10) performs authentication communication with a control unit (32) of the electric moving body by using the pattern of current flowing through the power line in a state where the power storage group (10) is mounted on the electric moving body (30). A control unit (12) of the power storage group (10) measures the contact resistance between the power storage group (10) and the electric moving body on the basis of the voltage on the power storage group (10) side of the power line, the voltage on the electric moving body side of the power line received from a control unit (32) of the electric moving body, and the current when authentication communication is performed using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line.

Description

Electricity storage group, electric moving body, and charging device
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to an electric storage pack that is attachable to and detachable from an electric movable body, the electric movable body, and a charging device.
Background
In recent years, electric motorcycles (electric scooters) and electric bicycles have become widespread. In general, a portable battery pack that can be attached and detached is used for an electric motorcycle and an electric bicycle. When a battery is used as a power source of a motorcycle (scooter), the time required for energy replenishment becomes longer (the charging time is longer than the refueling time) as compared with the case of using liquid fuel such as gasoline.
Therefore, the following structure is considered to be constructed: when the remaining capacity of the battery pack decreases, the battery pack charged in advance and the battery pack having a decreased remaining capacity are replaced at the nearest charging station, thereby reducing the time required for energy supply.
In addition, in order to reduce the number of terminals of the battery pack, it is considered to transmit and receive a control signal between the battery pack and the vehicle or the charger by wireless communication. In the above-described configuration with replacement of the battery pack, when the battery pack that transmits and receives the control signal by wireless communication is used, there may be a situation where a plurality of vehicles or a plurality of chargers exist within a range in which wireless communication with the battery pack is possible.
In such a situation, the control unit of a certain vehicle may erroneously control the battery pack mounted in another vehicle nearby. In addition, the control unit of the charger may erroneously control a battery pack that is not to be controlled and that is mounted in another charging slot, without controlling the battery pack that is to be controlled and that is mounted in a certain charging slot. In such a case, safety and security of the entire charging system cannot be ensured.
Thus, the present inventors developed the following methods: the identification information is transmitted using a pattern of current flowing from the vehicle or the charging device to the battery pack along the power line, and the identification information is sent back from the battery pack to the vehicle or the charging device by wireless communication, thereby correctly identifying the battery pack mounted in the vehicle or the charging device.
Patent document 1 discloses the following technique: the current sensing resistor is removed by overcurrent detection by a circuit using a reference voltage equal to the product of the on-resistance and overcurrent value of a switching circuit connected between the secondary battery and an external power supply terminal. This technique is not overcurrent protection in the authentication process when the battery pack is mounted.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 6-284594
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a technique for efficiently measuring contact resistance of an electric storage pack and an electric moving body or a charging device after the electric storage pack is mounted on the electric moving body or the charging device.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the above problem, an electric storage pack according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a power storage unit for supplying power to the electric movable body; and a control unit that performs authentication communication with the control unit of the electric moving body using a pattern of current flowing through the power line in a state where the electric storage group is mounted on the electric moving body. The control unit of the power storage group measures a contact resistance between the power storage group and the electric moving body based on a voltage on the power storage group side of the power line, a voltage on the electric moving body side of the power line received from the control unit of the electric moving body, and a current at the time of authentication communication using a pattern of a current flowing through the power line.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present disclosure, the contact resistance of the electric storage pack and the electric moving body can be efficiently measured after the electric storage pack is mounted on the electric moving body or the charging device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a vehicle system using a replaceable battery pack according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the charging device according to the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a vehicle according to the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a system configuration of a battery pack mounted on a vehicle and a vehicle control unit according to the embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a basic concept of a process in which the vehicle control unit authenticates the battery pack mounted in the mounting slot of the vehicle.
Fig. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a flow of giving an ID to a battery pack after replacement when replacing the battery pack attached to an attachment slot of a vehicle.
Fig. 7 is (a) a sequence diagram showing a detailed process flow when the battery pack mounted in the mounting slot of the vehicle is replaced.
Fig. 8 is a sequence diagram (second) showing a detailed process flow when the battery pack mounted in the mounting slot of the vehicle is replaced.
Fig. 9 is (a) a sequence diagram showing a flow of processing according to a modification of the processing shown in fig. 7.
Fig. 10 is a sequence diagram (second) showing a flow of processing according to a modification of the processing shown in fig. 8.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a vehicle system 1 using a replaceable assembled battery 10 according to an embodiment. In the vehicle system 1, a plurality of battery packs 10, at least one charging device 20, and a plurality of vehicles 30 are used. In the present embodiment, an electric motorcycle (electric scooter) is assumed as the vehicle 30.
The battery pack 10 is a portable replaceable battery pack that can be attached and detached, and can be attached to an attachment slot of the vehicle 30 or a charging slot of the charging device 20. The battery pack 10 is charged in a state of being mounted in a charging slot of the charging device 20. The charged battery pack 10 is taken out by a user (typically, a driver of the vehicle 30) and mounted in a mounting slot of the vehicle 30. The assembled battery 10 mounted in the mounting slot of the vehicle 30 is discharged when the vehicle 30 travels, and the remaining capacity decreases with the discharge. The battery pack 10 with the reduced remaining capacity is taken out by the user and mounted in the charging slot of the charging device 20. The user takes out the charged battery pack 10 from the other charging slot of the charging device 20 and mounts it to the mounting slot of the vehicle 30. By this operation, the battery pack 10 having a reduced remaining capacity is replaced with a charged battery pack 10. This allows the user to restart the travel of the vehicle 30 in a short time without waiting for the battery pack 10 to be charged.
In this aspect, since the attachment and detachment of the battery pack 10 frequently occur, the deterioration of the connector portion of the battery pack 10 that contacts the connector portion of the mounting slot of the vehicle 30 or the connector portion of the charging slot of the charging device 20 is likely to progress. As a countermeasure, in the present embodiment, the transmission/reception of the control signal between the vehicle 30 and the battery pack 10 or between the charging device 20 and the battery pack 10 is performed by wireless communication. This allows the terminal for the communication line to be removed from the connector. The connector may be provided with a terminal for a power line. In the present embodiment, since wired communication via the connector is not used in transmission and reception of the control signal, disconnection of the control signal due to a defective connector can be prevented.
The wireless communication between the vehicle 30 and the battery pack 10, the wireless communication between the charging device 20 and the battery pack 10, and the wireless communication between the vehicle 30 and the charging device 20 use short-range wireless communication. As the short-range wireless communication, bluetooth (registered trademark), wi-Fi (registered trademark), infrared communication, or the like can be used. Next, in the present embodiment, BLE (Bluetooth (registered trademark)) Low Energy is assumed to be used as the short-range wireless communication.
BLE is one of extended standards of Bluetooth (registered trademark), and is a low-power consumption short-range wireless communication standard using a 2.4GHz band. BLE is low power consumption of a few years that can be driven by one button battery, and is therefore suitable for battery driving, and it is considered that the influence on the remaining capacity of the battery pack 10 can be almost ignored. In addition, the modules for BLE communication are available on the market in large quantities and therefore can be obtained at low cost. In addition, BLE has high affinity with a smartphone, and can provide various services that cooperate with the smartphone.
When a normal class 2 device is used, the radio wave reach range of BLE is about 10m. Thus, a state may occur in which a plurality of vehicles 30, a plurality of battery packs 10, and a charging device 20 exist within the communication range of BLE. Since the charging device 20 is provided with a plurality of charging slots, the charging device 20 needs to perform wireless communication with each of the plurality of battery packs 10 mounted in the plurality of charging slots. That is, 1: n network. Similarly, when the vehicle 30 is provided with a plurality of mounting slots, the vehicle 30 needs to wirelessly communicate with each of the plurality of battery packs 10 mounted in the plurality of mounting slots. That is, 1: n network.
Therefore, a structure for ensuring that the battery pack 10 mounted in a specific charging slot of the charging device 20 is the same as the battery pack 10 as a specific communication target of the charging device 20 is required. Likewise, a structure for ensuring that the battery pack 10 mounted in a specific mounting slot of the vehicle 30 is the same as the battery pack 10 as a specific communication target of the vehicle 30 is required. In the present embodiment, the identity of the physically connected battery pack 10 and the battery pack 10 connected by wireless communication is confirmed using identification Information (ID). The identification Information (ID) may be temporary identification information. The identification Information (ID) may include identification information unique to each device.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the charging device 20 according to the embodiment. The charging device 20 includes a charging stand 21, a control unit 22, a display unit 27, an operation unit 28, and a charging unit 29. The control unit 22 includes at least a processing unit 23, an antenna 25, and a wireless communication unit 26.
The charging stand 21 has a plurality of charging slots SLc1 to SLc8 for mounting a plurality of battery packs 10. In the example shown in fig. 2, the number of charging slots is 8, but the number of charging slots may be 2 or more, and may be 4, for example.
Each of the charging slots SLc1 to SLc8 has a connector including a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal, and when the battery pack 10 is attached, each of the charging slots SLc1 to SLc8 is electrically connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal included in the connector of the battery pack 10. The negative terminal portion included in the connector of each of the charging slots SLc1 to SLc8 and the negative terminal portion included in the connector of the battery pack 10 may also be constituted by a solid ground line (japanese: 1250512479gnd). In this case, the pin included in the connector of the battery pack 10 can be one of the positive electrode terminal pins, and the protruding portion of the connector, where a failure is likely to occur, can be reduced.
The processing unit 13 (see fig. 4) of each battery pack 10 mounted on the charging stand 21 transmits and receives a control signal to and from the processing unit 23 in the control unit 22 by using the short-range wireless communication and the power line. A specific transmission/reception method of the control signal between the two will be described later.
The positive and negative terminals of the charging slots SLc1 to SLc8 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the charging unit 29, respectively. The charging unit 29 is connected to the commercial power system 2 and can charge the battery pack 10 mounted on the charging stand 21. The charging unit 29 full-wave rectifies the ac power supplied from the commercial power system 2 and smoothes the ac power with a filter, thereby generating dc power.
Relays, not shown, are provided between the positive and negative terminals of the charging unit 29 and the positive and negative terminals of the charging slots SLc1 to SLc8, respectively. The processing unit 23 controls on/off of the charging slots SLc1 to SLc8 by controlling on (closing)/off (opening) of the relay.
Further, DC/DC converters, not shown, may be provided between the positive and negative terminals of the charging unit 29 and the positive and negative terminals of the charging slots SLc1 to SLc8, respectively. In this case, the processing unit 23 can control the charging voltage or the charging current of each battery pack 10 by controlling the DC/DC converter. For example, constant Current (CC) charging or Constant Voltage (CV) charging can be performed. Further, the DC/DC converter may be provided in the battery pack 10. When an AC/DC converter is mounted in the battery pack 10, the battery pack 10 can be charged with AC power from the charging unit 29.
The processing unit 23 is constituted by a microcomputer, for example. The wireless communication unit 26 executes a short-range wireless communication process. In the present embodiment, the wireless communication unit 26 is configured by a BLE module, and the antenna 25 is configured by a chip antenna or a pattern antenna (pattern antenna) incorporated in the BLE module. The wireless communication unit 26 outputs data received by the short-range wireless communication to the processing unit 23, and transmits data input from the processing unit 23 by the short-range wireless communication.
The processing unit 23 can acquire battery state information from the battery pack 10 mounted on the charging stand 21. As the State information Of the battery, at least one Of the voltage, the current, the temperature, the SOC (State Of Charge) and the SOH (State Of Health) Of the plurality Of battery cells E1 to En (see fig. 4) in the battery pack 10 can be acquired.
The display unit 27 includes a display, and displays guidance for a user (typically, a driver of the vehicle 30) who uses the charging device 20 on the display. The operation unit 28 is a user interface such as a touch panel, and receives an operation by a user. The charging device 20 may further include a speaker (not shown), and the speaker may output the voice guidance to the user.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a vehicle 30 according to the embodiment. The vehicle 30 includes a battery mounting portion 31, a vehicle control portion 32, an instrument panel 39, an inverter 310, a motor 311, and tires 312. The vehicle control unit 32 includes at least a processing unit 33, an antenna 35, and a wireless communication unit 36.
The battery mounting part 31 has at least one mounting slot SLa1-SLa2 for mounting at least one battery pack 10. In the example shown in fig. 3, the number of mounting slots is 2, but the number of mounting slots may be 1, or 3 or more.
Each of the mounting slots SLa1 to SLa2 has a connector including a positive terminal and a negative terminal, and each of the mounting slots SLa1 to SLa2 is electrically connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal included in the connector of the battery pack 10, respectively, when the battery pack 10 is mounted. The negative terminal portion included in the connector of each of the mounting slots SLa1-SLa2 may also be constituted by a solid ground line.
The processing unit 13 (see fig. 4) of each battery pack 10 mounted on the battery mounting portion 31 transmits and receives a control signal to and from the processing unit 33 in the vehicle control unit 32 by short-range wireless communication and power line. A specific transmission/reception method of the control signal between the two will be described later.
The positive terminals of the mounting slots SLa1 to SLa2 are connected to the positive power bus, and the negative terminals are connected to the negative power bus. Therefore, the plurality of battery packs 10 mounted in the plurality of mounting slots SLa1-SLa2 are electrically connected in parallel. Therefore, the capacity increases as the number of battery packs 10 mounted on the battery mounting portion 31 increases. Further, a plurality of battery packs 10 mounted in the plurality of mounting slots SLa1 to SLa2 may be electrically connected in series. In this case, the output voltage can be increased.
The positive and negative terminals of the battery mounting portion 31 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the inverter 310 via the main relay RYm. The main relay RYm functions as a contactor between the vehicle 30 and the battery pack 10. The processing unit 33 controls on/off between the vehicle 30 and the battery pack 10 by controlling on/off of the main relay RYm.
The inverter 310 converts dc power supplied from the battery pack 10 mounted on the battery mounting portion 31 into ac power and supplies the ac power to the motor 311 during power running. At the time of regeneration, ac power supplied from the motor 311 is converted into dc power and supplied to the battery pack 10 mounted on the battery mounting portion 31. The motor 311 is a three-phase ac motor, and rotates by ac power supplied from the inverter 310 during power running. At the time of regeneration, the rotational energy generated by deceleration is converted into ac power and supplied to the inverter 310. The rotation shaft of the motor 311 is coupled to the rotation shaft of the tire 312 of the rear wheel. Further, a transmission may be provided between the rotation shaft of motor 311 and the rotation shaft of tire 312.
The vehicle Control Unit 32 is a vehicle ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that controls the entire vehicle 30. The processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 is constituted by a microcomputer. The wireless communication unit 36 executes the short-range wireless communication process. In the present embodiment, the wireless communication unit 36 is configured by a BLE module, and the antenna 35 is configured by a chip antenna or a pattern antenna incorporated in the BLE module. The wireless communication unit 36 outputs data received by the short-range wireless communication to the processing unit 33, and transmits data input from the processing unit 33 by the short-range wireless communication.
The processing unit 33 can acquire battery state information from the battery pack 10 mounted on the battery mounting unit 31. As the battery state information, at least one of the voltage, current, temperature, SOC, and SOH of the plurality of battery cells E1 to En (see fig. 4) in the battery pack 10 can be acquired. In addition, the processing unit 33 can acquire the speed of the vehicle 30.
The dashboard 39 displays status information of the vehicle 30. For example, the speed of the vehicle 30, the remaining capacity (SOC) of the battery pack 10 are displayed. The driver can determine the necessity of replacement of the battery pack 10 by observing the remaining capacity (SOC) of the battery pack 10 displayed in the instrument panel 39.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a system configuration of the assembled battery 10 and the vehicle control unit 32 mounted on the vehicle 30 according to the embodiment. Fig. 4 shows an example in which 2 battery packs 10a and 10b are mounted in a battery mounting portion 31 of a vehicle 30 (see fig. 3).
The battery pack 10 includes a battery module 11 and a battery control section 12. The battery module 11 is connected to a power line internally connecting the positive terminal Tp and the negative terminal Tm of the battery pack 10. The positive terminal Tp of the battery pack 10 is connected to the positive-side power bus line via the slot relay RYs, and the negative terminal Tm of the battery pack 10 is connected to the negative-side power bus line. The positive-side power bus and the negative-side power bus are connected to the inverter 310 via a main relay RYm (see fig. 3).
The battery module 11 includes a plurality of cells E1 to En connected in series. The battery module 11 may be configured by connecting a plurality of battery modules in series or in series-parallel. As the cell, a lithium ion cell, a nickel hydride cell, a lead cell, or the like can be used. In the following, an example using a lithium ion battery cell (nominal voltage: 3.6V-3.7V) will be assumed in the present specification. The number of the monomers E1 to En connected in series is determined by the driving voltage of the motor 311.
A current sensor 17 is provided on a power line that internally connects the positive electrode terminal Tp and the negative electrode terminal Tm of the battery pack 10. The current sensor 17 is provided closer to the negative electrode terminal Tm than the power relay RYp. The current sensor 17 measures the current flowing through the battery module 11, and outputs the measured current value to the processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12. The current sensor 17 can be configured by a combination of a shunt resistor, a differential amplifier, and an a/D converter, for example. Further, a hall element may be used instead of the shunt resistor.
The battery control unit 12 includes a processing unit 13, a voltage measuring unit 14, an antenna 15, and a wireless communication unit 16. The voltage measuring unit 14 is connected to each node of the plurality of battery cells E1 to En connected in series by a plurality of voltage measuring lines. The voltage measuring unit 14 measures the voltage of each of the battery cells E1 to En by measuring the voltage between 2 adjacent voltage measuring lines. The voltage measuring unit 14 transmits the measured voltage values of the battery cells E1 to En to the processing unit 13.
Since the voltage measuring unit 14 has a high voltage with respect to the processing unit 13, the voltage measuring unit 14 and the processing unit 13 are connected by a communication line in an insulated state. The voltage measuring unit 14 may be an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or a general-purpose analog front end IC. The voltage measuring section 14 includes a multiplexer and an a/D converter. The multiplexer outputs the voltages between the adjacent 2 voltage measuring lines to the A/D converter from the top in sequence. The a/D converter converts an analog voltage input from the multiplexer into a digital value.
Although not shown in fig. 4, at least one temperature sensor is disposed in the vicinity of the plurality of battery cells E1 to En. The temperature sensor measures the temperatures of the plurality of battery cells E1 to En, and outputs the measured temperature values to the processing unit 13. The temperature sensor can be configured by a combination of a thermistor, a voltage dividing resistor, and an a/D converter, for example.
When an a/D converter is mounted in the processing unit 13 and an analog input port is provided in the processing unit 13, the output values of the current sensor 17 and the temperature sensor can be directly input to the processing unit 13 as analog values.
The fitting detection unit 18 detects a fitting state of the connector of the battery pack 10 and the connector of the battery mounting portion 31 of the vehicle 30. For example, the connector on the battery pack 10 side may be a female connector, and the connector on the battery mounting portion 31 side of the vehicle 30 may be a male connector. The fitting detection unit 18 outputs an activation signal according to the connection state of the both to the processing unit 13. The start signal is defined by a binary signal, and outputs an on signal when the two are connected, and outputs an off signal when the two are separated. The fitting detection unit 18 can be constituted by a reed switch, for example. In this case, the fit detection unit 18 magnetically determines whether or not both are connected. Further, a sensor that mechanically detects whether or not both are connected may be used.
The wireless communication unit 16 executes a short-range wireless communication process. In the present embodiment, the wireless communication unit 16 is configured by a BLE module, and the antenna 15 is configured by a chip antenna or a pattern antenna incorporated in the BLE module. The wireless communication unit 16 outputs data received by the short-range wireless communication to the processing unit 13, and transmits data input from the processing unit 13 by the short-range wireless communication.
The processing unit 13 is constituted by a microcomputer. The processing unit 13 is activated when the activation signal input from the fitting detection unit 18 is on, and the processing unit 13 is deactivated when the activation signal input from the fitting detection unit 18 is off. Alternatively, the system may be shifted to a standby state or a sleep state instead of the shutdown.
The processing unit 13 manages the states of the plurality of battery cells E1 to En based on the voltage values, the current values, and the temperature values of the plurality of battery cells E1 to En measured by the voltage measuring unit 14, the current sensor 17, and the temperature sensor. For example, when an overvoltage, an excessively small voltage, an overcurrent, a high-temperature abnormality, or a low-temperature abnormality occurs, the processing unit 13 turns off the power relay RYp to protect the plurality of battery cells E1 to En.
The processing unit 13 can estimate the SOC and SOH of each of the plurality of cells E1 to En. The processing unit 13 can estimate the SOC by an OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) method or a current integration method. SOH is specified by the ratio of the current full charge capacity to the initial full charge capacity, with lower values (closer to 0%) indicating more degradation. The SOH may be determined by measuring the capacity based on the complete charge and discharge, or may be determined by adding the storage deterioration and the cycle deterioration. The retention degradation can be estimated based on the SOC, the temperature, and the retention degradation speed. The cycle degradation can be estimated based on the SOC range used, the temperature, the current rate, and the cycle degradation speed. The storage degradation rate and the cycle degradation rate can be derived in advance through experiments and simulations. The SOC, temperature, SOC range, and current rate can be found by measurement.
In addition, the SOH can also be estimated based on the correlation with the internal resistance of the battery cell. The internal resistance can be estimated by dividing the voltage drop that occurs when a predetermined current is caused to flow through the battery cell for a predetermined time by the current value. Regarding the internal resistance, there is a relationship in which the internal resistance decreases as the temperature increases, and there is a relationship in which the internal resistance increases as the SOH decreases.
In the system configuration example shown in fig. 4, the vehicle control unit 32 includes a processing unit 33, a relay control unit 33r, a voltage sensor 34, a current sensor 37, an antenna 35, a wireless communication unit 36, and a pack detection unit 38p. The relay control unit 33r controls on/off of each of the main relay RYm, the first slot relay RYsa, and the second slot relay RYsb according to an instruction from the processing unit 33.
The first fitting detection portion 38a detects the fitting state of the connector of the first mounting slot SLa1 of the battery mounting portion 31 and the connector of the first battery pack 10a, and outputs a detection signal indicating whether or not fitting is performed to the pack detection portion 38p. Similarly, the second fitting detection unit 38b detects the fitting state of the connector of the second mounting slot SLa2 of the battery mounting portion 31 and the connector of the second battery pack 10b, and outputs a detection signal indicating whether or not the fitting is made to the pack detection unit 38p. The first fitting detector 38a and the second fitting detector 38b may detect whether or not they are connected to the connector on the battery pack 10 side by a magnetic method, or may detect whether or not they are connected to the connector on the battery pack 10 side by a mechanical method.
The group detector 38p outputs an activation signal corresponding to the plurality of detection signals input from the plurality of fitting detectors 38a and 38b to the processor 33. When at least one of the plurality of detection signals indicates a connection state, the group detection unit 38p outputs an activation signal including the slot number of the connection state. When all of the plurality of detection signals indicate the disconnected state, the group detection unit 38p controls the activation signal to be in the disconnected state.
When the activation signal input from the group detection unit 38p is on, the processing unit 33 is activated, and when the activation signal input from the group detection unit 38p is off, the processing unit 33 is shut down. Alternatively, the system may be shifted to a standby state or a sleep state instead of being turned off.
A discharge path is provided between the power bus on the positive side and the power bus on the negative side. The fuse F1, the resistor R1, and the discharge switch SWd are connected in series to the discharge path. A voltage sensor 34 for measuring a voltage between the power bus of the positive side and the power bus of the negative side is provided. The voltage sensor 34 outputs the measured voltage value to the processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32. A current sensor 37 is provided on the discharge path. The current sensor 37 measures the current flowing through the discharge path, and outputs the measured current value to the processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32. The processing unit 33 can turn on the discharge switch SWd to turn on the positive-side power bus and the negative-side power bus.
The processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 can transmit and receive a control signal to and from the processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12 using the short-range wireless communication.
The processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 can transmit control information to the processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12 via the wired path. When control information is transmitted to the processing unit 13 of the first battery pack 10a via the wired path, the processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 turns on the first slot relay RYsa and turns off the second slot relay RYsb. In this state, the processing unit 33 controls the discharge switch SWd to be turned on/off according to a pulse pattern indicating control information. Thus, the discharge current including the pulse mode flows from the positive electrode of the first battery pack 10a to the negative electrode of the first battery pack 10a through the discharge path described above. The current sensor 17 of the first battery pack 10a detects a current including the pulse pattern and outputs the detected current to the processing unit 13. The processing unit 13 receives control information corresponding to the pulse pattern based on the current value including the pulse pattern input from the current sensor 17.
Similarly, when control information is transmitted to the processing unit 13 of the second battery pack 10b via the wired path, the processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 turns on the second slot relay RYsb and turns off the first slot relay RYsa. In this state, the processing unit 33 controls the discharge switch SWd to be turned on/off according to a pulse pattern indicating control information. Thus, the discharge current including the pulse mode flows from the positive electrode of the second battery pack 10b to the negative electrode of the second battery pack 10b through the discharge path described above. The current sensor 17 of the second battery pack 10b detects a current including the pulse pattern and outputs the detected current to the processing unit 13. The processing unit 13 receives control information corresponding to the pulse pattern based on the current value including the pulse pattern input from the current sensor 17.
The processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 can receive the voltage on the battery pack 10 side of the power line (the voltage across the battery modules 11) from the processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12 using the short-range wireless communication. The processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 can measure the contact resistance between the battery pack 10 and the vehicle 30 based on the received voltage on the battery pack 10 side, the voltage on the power line on the vehicle 30 side measured by the voltage sensor 34, and the current measured by the current sensor 37.
Specifically, the processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 can calculate the contact resistance R of the received voltage VB on the battery pack 10 side and the voltage VA on the power line on the vehicle 30 side measured by the voltage sensor 34 by calculating the differential voltage Δ V and dividing the calculated differential voltage Δ V by the current I as shown in (expression 1) below.
R = (VB-VA)/I \8230; (formula 1)
The current I may be used by receiving the current measured by the current sensor 17 of the battery control unit 12 from the processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12, instead of the current measured by the current sensor 37 of the vehicle control unit 32.
The processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12 can receive the voltage on the vehicle 30 side of the power line from the processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32 using the short-range wireless communication. The processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12 can measure the contact resistance between the assembled battery 10 and the vehicle 30 based on the received voltage on the vehicle 30 side, the voltage on the assembled battery 10 side of the power line measured by the voltage measurement unit 14, and the current measured by the current sensor 17.
Specifically, as shown in the above (expression 1), the processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12 calculates a differential voltage Δ V between the voltage VB on the battery pack 10 side of the power line measured by the voltage measurement unit 14 and the received voltage VA on the vehicle 30 side, and divides the calculated differential voltage Δ V by the current I, thereby calculating the contact resistance R between the two. The current I may be used by receiving, from the processing unit 33 of the vehicle control unit 32, the current measured by the current sensor 37 of the vehicle control unit 32, instead of the current measured by the current sensor 17 of the battery control unit 12.
In the system configuration example shown in fig. 4, at least one of the main relay RYm, the socket relay RYs, and the power relay RYp may be replaced with a semiconductor switch. The discharge switch SWd may be replaced with a relay.
Although not shown in fig. 2, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 is also provided with a configuration similar to that of the vehicle control unit 32 shown in fig. 4. In the case of vehicle 30, the connection destination of the power bus is inverter 310, but in the case of charging device 20, the connection destination of the power bus is charging unit 29. In the charging device 20, the number of slots connected to the power bus is generally larger than the number of slots connected to the power bus in the vehicle 30.
The processing unit 23 of the charging device 20 can transmit and receive control signals to and from the processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12 via the short-range wireless communication between the wireless communication unit 26 of the charging device 20 and the wireless communication unit 16 of the battery control unit 12. The processing unit 23 of the charging device 20 can transmit a control signal to the processing unit 13 of the battery control unit 12 via the wired path.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a basic concept of a process in which the vehicle control portion 32 authenticates the battery pack 10 mounted in the mounting slot Sla of the vehicle 30. The vehicle control portion 32 basically identifies the battery pack 10 by searching for a radio wave of the short-range wireless communication transmitted from the battery pack 10. Specifically, when the battery pack 10 is mounted in the mounting slot SLa, the vehicle control portion 32 transmits the ID1 via the wired path. Upon receiving ID1 from the vehicle control unit 32 via the wired path, the battery control unit 12 of the battery pack 10 transmits a signal including ID1 by short-range wireless communication.
When receiving the signal of the short-range wireless communication, the vehicle control unit 32 compares the ID included in the received signal with the ID1 previously transmitted via the wired path. If both match, the vehicle control unit 32 authenticates that the battery pack 10 mounted in the mounting slot Sla is the same as the communication destination of the short-range wireless communication. If the two are not matched, the vehicle control unit 32 determines that the battery pack 10 mounted in the mounting slot Sla is not the same as the communication destination of the short-range wireless communication, and does not authenticate the battery pack 10 as the communication destination. For example, when a signal including ID2 is received, since the signal does not match ID1 transmitted via the wired path, the battery pack 10 to which the signal including ID2 is transmitted is not authenticated.
The vehicle control unit 32 may transmit the ID by the short-range wireless communication, and may determine the identity of the battery pack 10 mounted in the mounting slot Sla and the communication destination of the short-range wireless communication by comparing the transmitted ID with the ID received from the battery control unit 12 of the battery pack 10 via the wired path.
The above description shows the basic concept of the process of authenticating the battery pack 10 mounted in the mounting slot SLa of the vehicle 30 by the vehicle control unit 32, and the same applies to the case where the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 authenticates the battery pack 10 mounted in the charging slot SLc of the charging device 20.
Fig. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a flow of giving an ID to the battery pack 10 after replacement when replacing the battery pack 10 mounted in the mounting slot SLa of the vehicle 30. In the case of the state 1, the first charging slot SLc1 of the charging device 20 is an empty slot, and the second battery pack 10b charged is mounted in the second charging slot SLc 2. Further, the first battery pack 10a having a reduced remaining capacity is mounted in the first mounting slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30. The first battery pack 10a has a vehicle ID authenticated by the vehicle control unit 32. With this vehicle ID, the identity of the first battery pack 10a as the physical connection target and the first battery pack 10a as the connection target for wireless communication, which are viewed from the vehicle 30 side, can be ensured.
In the case of state 2, the first battery pack 10a is detached from the first mounting slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30 by the user (typically, the driver of the vehicle 30), and the detached first battery pack 10a is mounted to the first charging slot SLc1 of the charging device 20. When the first battery pack 10a is rented, the first battery pack 10a is returned to the charging device 20. When the first battery pack 10a is detached from the first mounting slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30, the battery control portion 12 of the first battery pack 10a deletes the held vehicle ID.
In the case of state 3, the second battery pack 10b is detached from the second charging slot SLc2 of the charging device 20 by the user and mounted to the first mounting slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30. By this operation, the battery pack 10 mounted in the first mounting slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30 is physically replaced.
In the case of state 4, the vehicle control unit 32 assigns a new vehicle ID to the second battery pack 10b mounted in the first mounting slot SLa1. With this new vehicle ID, the identity of the second battery pack 10b as the physical connection target and the second battery pack 10b as the connection target for wireless communication, which are viewed from the vehicle 30 side, can be ensured.
Fig. 7 is (a) a sequence diagram showing a detailed process flow when the battery pack 10 mounted in the mounting slot SLa of the vehicle 30 is replaced. Fig. 8 is a sequence diagram (second) showing a detailed process flow when the battery pack 10 mounted in the mounting slot SLa of the vehicle 30 is replaced. In the horizontal lines in the sequence diagram shown below, thin broken lines indicate wireless communication, thin solid lines indicate wired communication, thick broken lines indicate physical movement of the battery pack, and thick solid lines indicate charging and discharging of the battery pack.
The first charging slot SLc1 of the charging device 20 is an empty slot, and the second battery pack 10b is mounted in the second charging slot SLc 2. The second battery pack 10b has a charge ID1 authenticated by the control unit 22 of the charging device 20. With this charging ID1, the identity of the second battery pack 10b as the physical connection target and the second battery pack 10b as the connection target for wireless communication, which are viewed from the charging device 20 side, can be ensured.
The charging device 20 charges the second battery pack 10b mounted in the second charging slot SLc 2. That is, the charging current flows from the charging unit 29 to the second battery pack 10b mounted in the second charging slot SLc 2. When the SOC of second battery pack 10b reaches the upper limit value, the charging ends. The upper limit value may be an SOC corresponding to the full charge capacity or an SOC lower than the full charge capacity (e.g., 90%).
The first battery pack 10a is mounted in the first mounting slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30. The first battery pack 10a has a vehicle ID authenticated by the vehicle control unit 32. With this vehicle ID, the identity of the first battery pack 10a as the physical connection target and the first battery pack 10a as the connection target for wireless communication, which are viewed from the vehicle 30 side, can be ensured. During traveling of the vehicle 30, a discharge current flows from the first battery pack 10a to the motor 311 via the inverter 310. The SOC of the first battery pack 10a decreases as the vehicle 30 travels.
When a key-off operation is performed by a user (typically, a driver of the vehicle 30), the vehicle control unit 32 receives the key-off operation (P2 a). Upon receiving the key-off operation, the vehicle control unit 32 transmits a shutdown instruction to the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a by short-range wireless communication. The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a shuts down when receiving a shutdown instruction from the vehicle control unit 32 (P2 b).
When the first battery pack 10a is detached from the first attachment slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30 by the user and the first battery pack 10a is attached to the first charging slot SLc1 of the charging device 20, the fit detection unit 18 of the first battery pack 10a detects the fit with the first charging slot SLc1 (P2 c), and the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a is activated (P2 e). The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 detects that the battery pack 10 is mounted in the first charging slot SLc1 (P2 d). Further, the battery control portion 12 of the first battery pack 10a deletes the vehicle ID when recognizing that it has been detached from the first attachment slot SLa1.
The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a serves as a beacon terminal and performs advertisement of short-range wireless communication (P2 f). In the example shown in fig. 7, the advertisement packet does not include the charging ID or the vehicle ID.
Upon receiving the advertisement packet, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 starts the connection process with the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a (P2 g). First, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 transmits a connection request to the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a. Next, the encryption parameters are exchanged between the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 and the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a. The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a generates an encryption key (P2 h) used for encrypting communication data based on the exchanged encryption parameters. The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 generates an encryption key (P2 i) used for encrypting communication data based on the exchanged encryption parameter. Finally, the generated encryption key is exchanged between the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 and the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a. Thereby, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 and the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a are temporarily connected.
The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 starts the discharge control of the first assembled battery 10a (P2 j). Specifically, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 transmits a discharge instruction to the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a by the short-range wireless communication, and turns on the discharge switch SWd of the charging device 20 and the first slot relay RYsa. Upon receiving the discharge instruction, the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a turns on the power relay RYp. Thereby, a discharge path is formed between both ends of the first battery pack 10a, and a discharge current flows through the first battery pack 10a.
Control unit 22 of charging device 20 controls on/off of discharge switch SWd in accordance with the discharge pattern corresponding to charge ID2. The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a reads the discharge pattern from the current value detected by the current sensor 17 to acquire the charge ID2. The communication pulse generated by controlling the discharge current is communicated between the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 and the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a, and the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 writes the charge ID2 (P2 k) to the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a. The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a transmits the discharge pattern corresponding to the read charge ID2 to the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 by short-range wireless communication.
While the discharge current including the discharge pattern corresponding to the charge ID2 flows, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 measures the voltage on the charging device 20 side of the power line using the voltage sensor of the charging device 20, and measures the current (P2 l) flowing in the discharge path using the current sensor of the charging device 20. While the discharge current including the discharge pattern corresponding to charge ID2 flows, the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a measures the voltage (P2 m) on the first battery pack 10a side of the power line by the voltage measurement unit 14.
Upon receiving a signal including a discharge pattern from the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 compares the charge ID indicated by the received discharge pattern with the charge ID transmitted via the wired path (P2 n). In the example shown in fig. 7, the collation is successful if the charge ID indicated by the discharge pattern included in the received signal is charge ID2, and the collation is failed if it is not charge ID2.
The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 transmits the matching result to the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a by short-range wireless communication. When the matching fails, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 disconnects the temporary connection with the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a, and restarts scanning the advertisement packet after a predetermined time has elapsed. The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a disconnects the temporary connection with the control unit 22 of the charging device 20, and resumes the advertisement of the short-range wireless communication. If the matching is successful, the pairing between the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 and the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a is completed (P2 o, P2P). With the pairing of the two completed, the return process of returning the first battery pack 10a to the charging device 20 is completed.
When the pairing is completed, the battery control section 12 of the first battery pack 10a transmits the measured voltage on the first battery pack 10a side of the power line to the control section 22 of the charging device 20 by the short-range wireless communication. The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 measures the contact resistance (P2 q) between the charging device 20 and the first battery pack 10a based on the voltage on the first battery pack 10a side of the received power line, the measured voltage on the charging device 20 side of the power line, and the measured current on the discharge path. In this case, it is preferable that the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 adopt, as the actual contact resistance value, a value in a state where the measured contact resistance value converges. Since the discharge current from the first assembled battery 10a is a communication pulse that forms a discharge pattern according to the identification information such as the charge ID1 and the charge ID2, if the pulse width is short, the communication pulse cannot rise, and measurement is performed based on a value during the rise of the pulse current, and the reliability of the measured contact resistance is low. On the other hand, for example, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 uses a communication pulse signal obtained by applying a communication pulse for resistance measurement having a longer width than the communication pulse for identification information to the communication pulse for identification information forming a current pattern corresponding to the identification information, and measures the contact resistance from the communication pulse for resistance measurement. The width of the identification information communication pulse is set to, for example, 1 μ second to 0.1 msec, and in this case, the width of the resistance measurement communication pulse is set to, for example, a value longer than 1 μ second to 0.1 msec and shorter than 10 msec. This makes it possible to minimize the extension of the period in which the discharge current including the discharge pattern corresponding to the identification information flows, and to reliably measure the contact resistance in an appropriate measurement period. The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 may continue to measure the contact resistance until the measured value of the contact resistance becomes a steady state, or may measure the contact resistance from the contact resistance value in a converged state estimated based on the current change from the start of discharge. This enables measurement of highly reliable contact resistance.
The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 compares the measured contact resistance with a threshold value set in advance by a designer (P2 r). When the measured contact resistance exceeds the threshold value, control unit 22 of charging device 20 controls discharge switch SWd and first slot relay RYsa to be in the off state. The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 transmits an alarm signal to a terminal device (not shown) of a manager of the charging device 20. When the terminal device receives the alarm signal, the manager of the charging device 20 goes to the installation location of the charging device 20. The manager checks the terminal portion of the first charging slot SLc1 and the terminal portion of the first battery pack 10a with an inspection device (not shown) to determine the cause of the increase in the contact resistance.
In the case where the reason is the terminal portion of the first charging slot SLc1, the terminal portion of the first charging slot SLc1 is repaired, or replaced, or the first charging slot SLc1 is replaced as a whole. Alternatively, the first charging slot SLc1 is disabled. In the case where the reason is the terminal portion of the first battery pack 10a, the terminal portion of the first battery pack 10a is repaired, or replaced, or the first battery pack 10a is discarded. In addition, in the case of a temporary contact failure, the first battery pack 10a may be detached and mounted again to eliminate the contact failure. When the measured contact resistance does not exceed the threshold value, an alarm signal is not transmitted to the terminal device of the administrator.
The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 sorts the other battery packs 10 to be replaced with the first battery pack 10a (P2 s). Specifically, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 selects one battery pack from the charged battery packs 10 attached to the plurality of charging slots SLc of the charging stand 21. In the example shown in fig. 8, the second battery packs 10b that have been charged and are attached to the second charging slot SLc2 are sorted.
The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 transmits a shutdown instruction to the battery control unit 12 of the second assembled battery 10b thus selected by short-range wireless communication, and executes a connection releasing process with the battery control unit 12 of the second assembled battery 10b (P2 t). The battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b is turned off when receiving a power-off instruction from the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 (P2 u). The battery control section 12 of the second battery pack 10b transmits a shutdown completion notification to the control section 22 of the charging device 20 immediately before shutdown.
Upon receiving the shutdown completion notification from the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 instructs the user of the vehicle 30 to detach the second battery pack 10b mounted in the second charging slot SLc2 (P2 v). For example, the control portion 22 of the charging device 20 causes the display portion 27 to display a message instructing to detach the second battery pack 10b mounted in the second charging slot SLc 2. At this time, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 may output a voice guidance to the user from a speaker (not shown). Further, only the lamp (not shown) of the second charging slot SLc2 may be turned on or blinked. Further, only the lamp (not shown) of the second charging slot SLc2 may be turned on in a color different from the color of the lamps of the other charging slots.
When the user detaches the second battery pack 10b from the second charging slot SLc2 and attaches the second battery pack 10b to the first attachment slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30, the fit detection unit 18 of the second battery pack 10b detects the fit with the first attachment slot SLa1 (P2 x), and the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b is activated (P2 z). When the fitting detection portion 38 of the vehicle 30 detects that the battery pack 10 is mounted in the first mounting slot SLa1 (P2 y), the vehicle control portion 32 starts (P2A). Further, the battery control part 12 of the second battery pack 10b deletes the charge ID2 when recognizing that it has been detached from the second charge slot SLc 2.
The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 starts the charging control of the first battery pack 10a mounted in the first charging slot SLc1 (P2 w). Specifically, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 transmits a charging instruction to the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a by the short-range wireless communication, and turns on the second slot relay RYsb. Upon receiving the charge instruction, the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a turns on the power relay RYp. Thereby, the charging current flows from the charging unit 29 of the charging device 20 to the first battery pack 10a mounted in the first charging slot SLc1.
The battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10B serves as a beacon terminal and performs advertisement for short-range wireless communication (P2B). In the example shown in fig. 8, the advertisement packet does not include the charging ID or the vehicle ID.
Upon receiving the advertisement packet, the vehicle control unit 32 starts a connection process with the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b (P2C). First, the vehicle control portion 32 transmits a connection request to the battery control portion 12 of the second battery pack 10b. Next, the encryption parameters are exchanged between the vehicle control unit 32 and the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b. The battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b generates an encryption key (P2D) used for encrypting communication data based on the exchanged encryption parameters. The vehicle control unit 32 generates an encryption key (P2E) used for encrypting the communication data based on the exchanged encryption parameter. Finally, the generated encryption key is exchanged between the vehicle control portion 32 and the battery control portion 12 of the second battery pack 10b. Thereby, the vehicle control unit 32 and the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b are temporarily connected.
The vehicle control unit 32 starts the discharge control of the second assembled battery 10b (P2F). Specifically, the vehicle control unit 32 transmits a discharge instruction to the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b by the short-range wireless communication, and turns on the discharge switch SWd and the second slot relay RYsb. Upon receiving the discharge instruction, the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b turns on the power relay RYp. Thereby, a discharge path is formed between both ends of the second battery pack 10b, and a discharge current flows through the second battery pack 10b.
The vehicle control unit 32 controls on/off of the discharge switch SWd in accordance with a discharge pattern corresponding to the vehicle ID. The battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b reads the discharge pattern from the current value detected by the current sensor 17 to acquire the vehicle ID. By controlling the discharge current in this manner, the vehicle ID (P2G) is written from the vehicle control unit 32 to the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b. The battery control unit 12 of the second assembled battery 10b transmits the discharge pattern corresponding to the read vehicle ID to the vehicle control unit 32 by short-range wireless communication. Similarly to the communication pulse used between the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 and the battery control unit 12 of the assembled battery 10, the identification information communication pulse forming the current pattern corresponding to the identification information is given with a resistance measurement communication pulse having a longer width than the identification information communication pulse, thereby generating a communication pulse signal forming a discharge pattern to be transmitted to the vehicle control unit 32.
While the discharge current including the discharge pattern according to the vehicle ID flows, the vehicle control portion 32 measures the voltage on the vehicle 30 side of the power line with the voltage sensor 34, and measures the current flowing in the discharge path with the current sensor 37 (P2I). While the discharge current including the discharge pattern according to the vehicle ID flows, the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b measures the voltage (P2H) on the second battery pack 10b side of the power line by the voltage measurement unit 14.
When receiving a signal including a discharge pattern from the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b, the vehicle control unit 32 compares the vehicle ID indicated by the received discharge pattern with the vehicle ID that has been transmitted via the wired path (P2J). The vehicle control unit 32 transmits the comparison result to the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b by short-range wireless communication. When the matching fails, the vehicle control unit 32 disconnects the temporary connection to the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b, and restarts scanning the advertisement package after a predetermined time has elapsed. The battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b disconnects the temporary connection with the vehicle control unit 32, and resumes the advertisement of the short-range wireless communication. If the comparison is successful, the pairing between the vehicle control portion 32 and the battery control portion 12 of the second battery pack 10b is completed (P2K, P2L).
When pairing is completed, the battery control section 12 of the second battery pack 10b transmits the measured voltage on the second battery pack 10b side of the power line to the vehicle control section 32 through short-range wireless communication. The control unit 22 of the charging device 20 measures the contact resistance (P2M) between the vehicle 30 and the second battery pack 10b based on the voltage on the second battery pack 10b side of the received power line, the measured voltage on the vehicle 30 side of the power line, and the measured current on the discharge path. In this case, the vehicle control unit 32 preferably uses a value in a state where the measured contact resistance value converges as the actual contact resistance value.
The vehicle control unit 32 compares the measured contact resistance with a threshold value set in advance by the designer (P2N). When the measured contact resistance exceeds the threshold value, vehicle control unit 32 controls discharge switch SWd and first slot relay RYsa to be in an off state. In addition, the vehicle control unit 32 displays warning information indicating a poor attachment of the second battery pack 10b on the instrument panel 39. When the vehicle 30 is provided with a speaker (not shown), the vehicle control unit 32 may output alarm information indicating a defective attachment of the second battery pack 10b from the speaker by voice.
The vehicle control unit 32 may notify an alarm message including a coping process by at least one of a character and a voice when the measured contact resistance exceeds the threshold value. At this time, the vehicle control unit 32 may notify a different coping method according to the deviation degree of the measured contact resistance from the threshold value. For example, when the degree of deviation is smaller than the set value, the vehicle control unit 32 may notify a message for prompting the second battery pack 10b to be detached and the second battery pack 10b to be mounted again. When the degree of deviation is larger than the set value, the vehicle control unit 32 may notify a message for prompting the removal of the second assembled battery 10b and the replacement with another assembled battery 10.
In the case where the mounting failure is not eliminated even if the user is replaced with another battery pack 10, it is estimated that the cause of the contact failure is the terminal portion of the first mounting slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30, and therefore the vehicle control portion 32 may notify a message for prompting the inspection and repair of the first mounting slot SLa1 of the vehicle 30.
When the measured contact resistance exceeds the threshold value, the vehicle control unit 32 may be connected to the charging device 20 by the short-range wireless communication, and cause at least one of the display unit 27 and the speaker (not shown) of the charging device 20 to notify an alarm message indicating a poor attachment of the second battery pack 10b. In addition, when the measured contact resistance exceeds the threshold value, the vehicle control unit 32 may be connected to a smartphone held by the user by short-range wireless communication, and may notify at least one of a display (not shown) and a speaker (not shown) of the charging device 20 of an alarm message indicating a poor attachment of the second battery pack 10b. When the measured contact resistance does not exceed the threshold value, the alarm message is not notified.
After the pairing between the vehicle control portion 32 and the battery control portion 12 of the second battery pack 10b is completed, the vehicle control portion 32 transmits a shutdown instruction to the battery control portion 12 of the second battery pack 10b by short-range wireless communication. The battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b shuts down (P2O) when receiving a shutdown instruction from the vehicle control unit 32.
Fig. 9 is (a) a sequence diagram showing a flow of a process according to a modification of the process shown in fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a sequence diagram (second) showing a flow of a process according to a modification of the process shown in fig. 8. Next, differences from the processing shown in fig. 7 and 8 will be described.
In the modification, while the discharge current including the discharge pattern corresponding to charge ID2 flows, control unit 22 of charging device 20 measures the voltage (P2 m') on the side of charging device 20 on the power line using the voltage sensor of charging device 20. While the discharge current including the discharge pattern corresponding to charge ID2 flows, battery control unit 12 of first battery pack 10a measures the voltage on the first battery pack 10a side of the power line by voltage measurement unit 14, and measures the current (P2 l') flowing in the discharge path by current sensor 17.
In the modification, when the pairing between the control section 22 of the charging device 20 and the battery control section 12 of the first battery pack 10a is completed, the control section 22 of the charging device 20 transmits the measured voltage of the power line of the charging device 20 to the battery control section 12 of the first battery pack 10a through the short-range wireless communication. The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a measures the contact resistance (P2 q') between the charging device 20 and the first battery pack 10a based on the received voltage on the charging device 20 side of the power line, the measured voltage on the first battery pack 10a side of the power line, and the measured current on the discharge path. In this case, the battery control unit 12 of the first assembled battery 10a preferably uses a value in a state where the measured value of the contact resistance converges as the actual value of the contact resistance.
The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a compares the measured contact resistance with a threshold value set in advance by the designer (P2 r'). When the measured contact resistance exceeds the threshold value, the battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a controls the power relay RYp to the off state. The battery control unit 12 of the first battery pack 10a transmits an alarm signal indicating a contact failure between the first battery pack 10a and the charging device 20 to the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 by short-range wireless communication. Upon receiving the alarm signal, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 transmits the alarm signal to a terminal device (not shown) of a manager of the charging device 20.
In the modification, while the discharge current including the discharge pattern corresponding to the vehicle ID flows, the vehicle control unit 32 measures the voltage (P2H') on the vehicle 30 side of the power line by the voltage sensor 34. While the discharge current including the discharge pattern according to the vehicle ID flows, the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b measures the voltage on the second battery pack 10b side of the power line by the voltage measurement unit 14, and measures the current (P2I') flowing in the discharge path by the current sensor 17.
In the modification, when the pairing between the vehicle control portion 32 and the battery control portion 12 of the second battery pack 10b is completed, the vehicle control portion 32 transmits the measured voltage on the vehicle 30 side of the power line to the battery control portion 12 of the second battery pack 10b through the short-range wireless communication. The battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b measures the contact resistance (P2M') between the vehicle 30 and the second battery pack 10b based on the voltage on the vehicle 30 side of the received power line, the measured voltage on the second battery pack 10b side of the power line, and the measured current on the discharge path. In this case, the vehicle control unit 32 preferably uses a value in a state where the measured contact resistance value converges as the actual contact resistance value.
The battery control unit 12 of the second assembled battery 10b compares the measured contact resistance with a threshold value set in advance by the designer (P2N'). When the measured contact resistance exceeds the threshold value, the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b controls the power relay RYp to the off state. In addition, the battery control unit 12 of the second battery pack 10b transmits an alarm signal indicating a contact failure between the second battery pack 10b and the vehicle 30 to the vehicle control unit 32 through the short-range wireless communication. Upon receiving the warning signal, the vehicle control unit 32 displays warning information indicating that the second battery pack 10b is not properly mounted on the dashboard 39. When the vehicle 30 is provided with a speaker (not shown), the vehicle control unit 32 may output alarm information indicating a defective attachment of the second battery pack 10b from the speaker by voice.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the ID is written from the vehicle 30 or the charging device 20 to the battery pack 10 via the wired path, and the ID is sent back from the battery pack 10 to the vehicle 30 or the charging device 20 by the short-range wireless communication. Thus, the vehicle 30 or the charging device 20 that controls the battery pack 10 using the short-range wireless communication can correctly recognize the mounted battery pack 10. The vehicle control unit 32 of a certain vehicle 30 can ensure safety and security of the entire vehicle system 1 using the charging device 20 and the replaceable battery pack 10 without performing an erroneous operation of erroneously controlling the battery pack 10 mounted in another vehicle 30 in the vicinity. The user can safely travel the vehicle 30 only by taking out the battery pack 10 mounted in the charging device 20 and mounting it to the vehicle 30.
By transmitting and receiving the control signal between the vehicle 30 or the charging device 20 and the battery pack 10 by the short-range wireless communication, pins included in the connector of the battery pack 10 can be reduced. This can reduce a mechanical connection failure between the vehicle 30 or the charging device 20 and the assembled battery 10. In addition, the firmware used by the battery control unit 12 of the battery pack 10 can be updated via wireless communication, and updating of the firmware is facilitated.
In the present embodiment, in the authentication using the current pattern flowing through the power line, the contact resistance is measured based on the differential voltage between the assembled battery 10 and the vehicle 30 or the charging device 20 and the current flowing through the power line. This enables the determination of the abnormality of the contact resistance to be completed in the authentication process.
The measurement of the contact resistance is generally performed during charging and discharging following the authentication process. In contrast, in the present embodiment, the contact resistance is measured in the authentication process. This enables charging and discharging to be started more quickly when the contact resistance is normal. In the case where the contact resistance is abnormal, the user can be notified of the contact failure of the battery pack 10 more quickly. In the case of slight contact failure, the user is prompted to perform the mounting again, thereby eliminating the contact failure. In the case of severe contact failure, by cutting off the current, occurrence of unsafe phenomenon due to heat generation accompanying charge and discharge can be prevented.
By measuring the contact resistance in the authentication process in this way, the number of steps in the entire authentication process and the entire charge/discharge process can be reduced, and the time for the entire authentication process and the entire charge/discharge process can be shortened. In the case where the user moves the vehicle 30 by hand from the front of the charging device 20 during the authentication process and the charging/discharging process, the contact resistance cannot be immediately replaced with another battery pack 10 even if a contact failure is detected in the method of measuring the contact resistance during the charging/discharging process. In contrast, in the present embodiment, since the contact resistance is measured in the authentication process, the user can grasp whether or not there is a contact failure while mounting the battery pack 10. Therefore, the convenience of the user is improved.
The present disclosure has been described above based on the embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are illustrative, and various modifications can be made in the combination of the respective components and the respective processes, and these modifications are also included in the scope of the present disclosure.
For example, the offset error between the voltage measuring unit 14 of the assembled battery 10 and the voltage sensor of the charging device 20 or the voltage sensor 34 of the vehicle 30 may be measured before the discharge current is caused to flow. The offset error may be calculated on the battery control unit 12 side, or may be measured on the control unit 22 of the charging device 20 or the vehicle control unit 32 side. The battery control unit 12, the control unit 22 of the charging device 20, or the vehicle control unit 32 corrects the differential voltage Δ V = (VB-VA) in the above equation 1 using the offset error when calculating the contact resistance. This can improve the accuracy of measuring the contact resistance.
In the above-described embodiment, an example of using the assembled battery 10 incorporating the battery modules 11 including the lithium ion battery cells, the nickel hydride battery cells, the lead battery cells, and the like has been described. In this regard, a capacitor bank incorporating a capacitor module including an electric double layer capacitor cell, a lithium ion capacitor cell, or the like may be used. In this specification, the battery pack and the capacitor pack are collectively referred to as a power storage pack.
In the above-described embodiment, an electric motorcycle (electric scooter) is assumed as the vehicle 30 using the replaceable assembled battery 10 as a power source. In this regard, the vehicle 30 may also be an electric bicycle. The vehicle 30 may be a four-wheeled Electric Vehicle (EV). The electric vehicle includes not only a fully standard electric vehicle but also a low-speed electric vehicle such as a golf cart, a land vehicle used in a shopping mall, an entertainment facility, and the like.
The electric vehicle using the replaceable battery pack 10 as a power source is not limited to the vehicle 30. For example, the electric vehicle includes an electric ship. For example, the power supply of a water bus or a water taxi may be a replaceable battery pack 10. The electric moving body also includes an electric train. For example, an electric train on which the replaceable battery pack 10 is mounted may be used instead of the internal combustion locomotive used in the non-electrified route. The electric vehicle also includes an electric flying vehicle. The electric flying body comprises a multi-rotor aircraft (unmanned aerial vehicle). The multi-rotor aircraft also includes so-called flying vehicles. With any electric vehicle, the energy replenishment time can be reduced.
The embodiment may be determined by the following items.
[ item 1]
An electricity storage pack (10) is characterized by comprising:
a power storage unit (11) for supplying power to the electric mobile body (30); and
a control unit (12) that performs authentication communication with a control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) using a pattern of current flowing through a power line in a state where the electric storage group (10) is attached to the electric moving body (30),
wherein the control unit (12) of the power storage group (10) measures the contact resistance between the power storage group (10) and the electric moving body (30) based on the voltage on the power storage group (10) side of the power line, the voltage on the electric moving body (30) side of the power line received from the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30), and the current at the time of authentication communication using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line.
This enables efficient measurement of contact resistance when the power storage pack (10) is mounted.
[ item 2]
The electricity storage pack (10) according to item 5,
generating a communication signal for performing communication between a control unit (12) of the power storage pack (10) and a control unit (32) of the electric mobile body (30) at the time of performing the authentication communication by using a pulse signal based on a pattern of a current flowing in the power line,
the pulse signal includes an identification information communication pulse having a current pattern corresponding to identification information for authentication and a resistance measurement communication pulse having a width longer than that of the identification information communication pulse,
the contact resistance is measured based on the resistance measurement communication pulse signal.
This can improve the accuracy of measuring the contact resistance.
[ item 3]
The electricity storage pack (10) according to item 1 or 2,
when the electricity storage pack (10) is mounted on the electric moving body (30), the control unit (12) of the electricity storage pack (10) transmits a signal for notifying the presence of itself by short-range wireless communication,
the control unit (12) of the electricity storage pack (10) receives identification information transmitted from the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) in accordance with a pattern of current flowing through the power line after being temporarily connected to the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30),
the control unit (12) of the power storage pack (10) transmits a signal including the identification information to the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) by the short-range wireless communication when receiving the identification information from the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30),
the signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication is used in a control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) to authenticate whether or not the own power storage group (10) mounted on the electric moving body (30) is identical to a communication partner of the short-range wireless communication,
a control unit (12) of the power storage pack (10) measures the contact resistance during the authentication.
Thus, the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) can accurately authenticate whether the attached power storage group (10) is the same as the communication target of the short-range wireless communication.
[ item 4]
The power storage group (10) according to any one of items 1 to 3,
a control unit (12) of the electricity storage pack (10) transmits an alarm signal to a control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) when the measured contact resistance exceeds a threshold value.
Thus, the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) can recognize a contact failure.
[ item 5]
An electricity storage pack (10) is characterized by comprising:
a power storage unit (11) for supplying power to the electric mobile body (30); and
a control unit (12) that performs authentication communication with a control unit (22) of a charging device (20) using a pattern of current flowing through a power line in a state in which the storage battery pack (10) is attached to a charging slot (SLc 1) of the charging device (20),
a control unit (12) of the power storage group (10) measures the contact resistance between the power storage group (10) and the charging device (20) on the basis of the voltage of the power line on the power storage group (10) side, the voltage of the power line on the charging device (20) side received from a control unit (22) of the charging device (20), and the current at the time of authentication communication using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line.
This enables efficient measurement of contact resistance when the power storage pack (10) is mounted.
[ item 6]
The electricity storage pack (10) according to item 5,
generating a communication signal for performing communication between a control unit (12) of the present power storage pack (10) and a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) at the time of performing the authentication communication by using a pulse signal based on a pattern of a current flowing in the power line,
the pulse signal includes an identification information communication pulse having a current pattern corresponding to identification information for authentication and a resistance measurement communication pulse having a width longer than that of the identification information communication pulse,
the contact resistance is measured based on the communication pulse signal for resistance measurement.
This can improve the accuracy of measuring the contact resistance.
[ item 7]
The electricity storage pack (10) according to item 5 or 6,
when the present power storage pack (10) is mounted on the charging slot (SLc 1) of the charging device (20), the control unit (12) of the present power storage pack (10) transmits a signal for notifying the presence of itself by short-range wireless communication,
the control unit (12) of the storage battery pack (10) receives identification information transmitted from the control unit (22) of the charging device (20) in accordance with a pattern of current flowing in the power line after being temporarily connected to the control unit (22) of the charging device (20),
the control unit (12) of the storage battery pack (10) transmits a signal containing the identification information to the control unit (22) of the charging device (20) by the short-range wireless communication when receiving the identification information from the control unit (22) of the charging device (20),
the signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication is used in a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) to authenticate whether or not the own power storage group (10) attached to the charging slot (SLc 1) of the charging device (20) is the same as the communication target of the short-range wireless communication,
a control unit (12) of the electricity storage pack (10) measures the contact resistance during the authentication.
Thus, the control unit (22) of the charging device (20) can accurately authenticate whether the power storage pack (10) attached to the charging slot (SLc 1) is the same as the communication target of the short-range wireless communication.
[ item 8]
The power storage group (10) according to any one of items 5 to 7, wherein,
a control unit (12) of the electricity storage pack (10) transmits an alarm signal to a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) when the measured value of the contact resistance exceeds a threshold value.
Thus, the control unit (22) of the charging device (20) can recognize a contact failure.
[ item 9]
The power storage group (10) according to any one of items 1 to 8,
a control unit (12) of the electricity storage pack (10) sets the value of the measured contact resistance in a converged state as the actual contact resistance value.
This can improve the accuracy of measuring the contact resistance.
[ item 10]
An electric moving body (30) is characterized by comprising:
a motor (311); and
a control unit (32) that performs authentication communication with a control unit (12) of the power storage pack (10) using a pattern of current flowing through a power line in a state where the power storage pack (10) for supplying power to the motor (311) is mounted on the electric moving body (30),
a control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) measures the contact resistance between the electric moving body (30) and the power storage group (10) based on the voltage of the power line on the electric moving body (30) side, the voltage of the power line on the power storage group (10) side received from a control unit (12) of the power storage group (10), and the current at the time of authentication communication using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line.
This enables efficient measurement of contact resistance when the power storage pack (10) is mounted.
[ item 11]
The electric moving body (30) according to item 10,
the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) performs a temporary connection with a control unit of a transmission destination of a signal when receiving the signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication after the power storage group (10) is attached to the electric moving body (30),
the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) transmits identification information to the control unit (12) of the power storage pack (10) mounted on the electric moving body (30) by using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line,
when receiving a signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication from the control unit (12) of the power storage group (10) to which the temporary connection has been made, the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) checks whether or not identification information included in the received signal matches identification information transmitted using a pattern of current flowing through the power line, and if so, authenticates that the power storage group (10) mounted on the electric moving body (30) is the same as a communication target of the short-range wireless communication,
a control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) measures the contact resistance during the authentication.
Thus, the control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) can accurately authenticate whether the attached power storage group (10) is the same as the communication target of the short-range wireless communication.
[ item 12]
The electric moving body (30) according to item 10 or 11, characterized in that,
further comprises a notification unit (39), wherein the notification unit (39) is configured to notify information indicating the state of the electric moving body (30),
a control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) causes the notification unit (39) to notify information indicating a mounting failure of the power storage group (10) when the measured contact resistance exceeds a threshold value.
This enables the user to recognize the contact failure.
[ item 13]
The electric moving body (30) according to any one of items 10 to 12,
a control unit (32) of the electric moving body (30) sets a value in a state where the measured contact resistance value converges as a true contact resistance value.
This can improve the accuracy of measuring the contact resistance.
[ item 14]
A charging device (20) is characterized by comprising:
a charging slot (SLc 1); and
a control unit (22) that performs authentication communication with a control unit (12) of the power storage pack (10) using a pattern of current flowing in a power line in a state where the power storage pack (10) is attached to the charging slot (SLc 1),
a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) measures the contact resistance between the charging device (20) and the power storage group (10) on the basis of the voltage on the charging device (20) side of the power line, the voltage on the power storage group (10) side of the power line received from a control unit (12) of the power storage group (10), and the current when authentication communication is performed using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line.
This enables efficient measurement of contact resistance when the power storage pack (10) is mounted.
[ item 15]
The charging device (20) according to item 14,
the control unit (22) of the charging device (20) is temporarily connected to a control unit of a transmission destination of a signal when receiving the signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication after the power storage pack (10) is attached to the charging slot (SLc 1),
a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) transmits identification information to a control unit (12) of the power storage pack (10) attached to the charging slot (SLc 1) by using a pattern of current flowing in the power line,
when a signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication is received from a control unit (12) of the temporarily connected power storage group (10), a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) checks whether or not identification information included in the received signal matches identification information transmitted using a pattern of current flowing in the power line, and if the identification information matches the identification information, authenticates that the power storage group (10) installed in the charging slot (SLc 1) is the same as a communication target of the short-range wireless communication,
a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) measures the contact resistance during the authentication.
Thus, the control unit (22) of the charging device (20) can accurately authenticate whether the power storage pack (10) attached to the charging slot (SLc 1) is the same as the communication target of the short-range wireless communication.
[ item 16]
The charging device (20) according to item 14 or 15,
a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) transmits an alarm signal to a terminal device of a manager of the charging device (20) when the measured contact resistance exceeds a threshold value.
This enables the manager of the charging device (20) to recognize the contact failure.
[ item 17]
The charging device (20) according to any one of items 14 to 16, wherein,
a control unit (22) of the charging device (20) takes a value in a state where the measured contact resistance values converge as a true value of the true contact resistance.
This can improve the accuracy of measuring the contact resistance.
Description of the reference numerals
1: a vehicle system; 2: a commercial power system; 10: a battery pack; 11: a battery module; E1-En: a battery cell; 12: a battery control unit; 13: a processing unit; 14: a voltage measuring section; 15: an antenna; 16: a wireless communication unit; 17: a current sensor; 18: a fitting detection unit; 20: a charging device; 21: a charging stand; and (4) SLc: a charging slot; 22: a control unit; 23: a processing unit; 25: an antenna; 26: a wireless communication unit; 27: a display unit; 28: an operation section; 29: a charging section; 30: a vehicle; 31: a battery mounting portion; and (5) SLa: installing a slot; 32: a vehicle control unit; 33: a processing unit; 33r: a relay control unit; 34: a voltage sensor; 35: an antenna; 36: a wireless communication unit; 37: a current sensor; 38a: a first fitting detection unit; 38b: a second fitting detection unit; 38p: a group detection unit; 39: an instrument panel; 310: an inverter; 311: a motor; 312: a tire; rym: a main relay; RYs: a socket relay; RYp: a power relay; SWd: a discharge switch; f1: a fuse; r1: a resistance; tp: a positive electrode terminal; tm: and a negative terminal.

Claims (17)

1. An electricity storage pack, comprising:
a power storage unit for supplying power to the electric movable body; and
a control unit that performs authentication communication with the control unit of the electric moving body using a pattern of current flowing through the power line in a state where the electric storage pack is mounted on the electric moving body,
the control unit of the electric storage group measures a contact resistance between the electric storage group and the electric movable body based on a voltage on the electric storage group side of the electric power line, a voltage on the electric movable body side of the electric power line received from the control unit of the electric movable body, and a current at the time of authentication communication using a pattern of a current flowing through the electric power line.
2. The electricity storage group according to claim 1,
generating a communication signal for performing communication between the control unit of the electric storage group and the control unit of the electric moving body at the time of performing the authentication communication by using a pulse signal based on a pattern of a current flowing in the power line,
the pulse signal includes an identification information communication pulse having a current pattern corresponding to identification information for authentication and a resistance measurement communication pulse having a width longer than that of the identification information communication pulse,
the contact resistance is measured based on the communication pulse signal for resistance measurement.
3. The electricity storage pack according to claim 1 or 2,
when the electric storage pack is mounted on the electric moving body, the control unit of the electric storage pack transmits a signal for notifying the presence of the electric storage pack itself by short-range wireless communication,
the control unit of the present power storage pack receives the identification information transmitted from the control unit of the electric moving body in accordance with the pattern of the current flowing through the power line after the control unit of the electric moving body is temporarily connected to the control unit of the electric moving body,
the control unit of the present power storage pack transmits a signal including the identification information to the control unit of the electric moving body by the short-range wireless communication when the identification information is received from the control unit of the electric moving body,
the signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication is used in the control unit of the electric moving body to authenticate whether the own power storage group mounted on the electric moving body is the same as a communication partner of the short-range wireless communication,
the control unit of the present power storage pack measures the contact resistance during the authentication.
4. The power storage pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the control unit of the present power storage pack transmits an alarm signal to the control unit of the electric moving body when the measured contact resistance exceeds a threshold value.
5. An electricity storage pack, comprising:
a power storage unit for supplying power to the electric movable body; and
a control unit that performs authentication communication with a control unit of a charging device using a pattern of current flowing through a power line in a state where the storage pack is attached to a charging slot of the charging device,
the control unit of the present power storage pack measures the contact resistance between the present power storage pack and the charging device based on the voltage on the present power storage pack side of the power line, the voltage on the charging device side of the power line received from the control unit of the charging device, and the current at the time of authentication communication using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line.
6. The electrical storage pack according to claim 5,
generating a communication signal for performing communication between the control unit of the present power storage pack and the control unit of the charging device at the time of performing the authentication communication by using a pulse signal based on a pattern of a current flowing in the power line,
the pulse signal includes an identification information communication pulse having a current pattern corresponding to identification information for authentication and a resistance measurement communication pulse having a width longer than that of the identification information communication pulse,
the contact resistance is measured based on the resistance measurement communication pulse signal.
7. The electrical storage pack according to claim 5 or 6,
the control section of the present power storage pack transmits a signal for notifying the presence of itself through the short-range wireless communication when the present power storage pack is mounted in the charging slot of the charging device,
the control unit of the present power storage pack receives the identification information transmitted from the control unit of the charging device in accordance with the pattern of the current flowing in the power line after the control unit is temporarily connected to the control unit of the charging device,
the control unit of the present power storage pack transmits a signal including the identification information to the control unit of the charging device through the short-range wireless communication when receiving the identification information from the control unit of the charging device,
the signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication is used in the control section of the charging apparatus to authenticate whether the own power storage group mounted in the charging slot of the charging apparatus is identical to the communication partner of the short-range wireless communication,
the control unit of the present power storage pack measures the contact resistance during the authentication.
8. The power storage pack according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
the control unit of the present power storage pack transmits an alarm signal to the control unit of the charging device when the measured value of the contact resistance exceeds a threshold value.
9. The power storage group according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
the control unit of the present power storage pack sets the value in the state where the measured contact resistance value converges as the actual contact resistance value.
10. An electric moving body, comprising:
a motor; and
a control unit that performs authentication communication with the control unit of the power storage pack by using a pattern of current flowing through a power line in a state where the power storage pack for supplying power to the motor is mounted on the electric moving body,
the control unit of the electric moving body measures the contact resistance between the electric moving body and the power storage group based on the voltage of the power line on the electric moving body side, the voltage of the power line on the power storage group side received from the control unit of the power storage group, and the current at the time of authentication communication using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line.
11. The electric moving body according to claim 10,
the control unit of the electric movable body temporarily connects to the control unit of the transmission destination of the signal when receiving the signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication after the power storage pack is mounted on the electric movable body,
the control unit of the electric moving body transmits the identification information to the control unit of the power storage group mounted on the electric moving body by using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line,
the control unit of the electric moving body, upon receiving a signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication from the control unit of the power storage group to which the temporary connection has been made, compares whether or not identification information included in the received signal matches identification information transmitted using a pattern of current flowing through the power line, and if so, authenticates that the power storage group mounted on the electric moving body is identical to a communication target of the short-range wireless communication,
the control unit of the electric movable body measures the contact resistance in the authentication process.
12. The electric moving body according to claim 10 or 11,
further comprises a notification unit for notifying information indicating the state of the electric moving body,
the control unit of the electric moving body causes the notification unit to notify information indicating a mounting failure of the power storage group when the measured contact resistance exceeds a threshold value.
13. The electric moving body according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
the control unit of the electric moving body sets a value in a state where the measured contact resistance value converges to a true contact resistance value.
14. A charging device is characterized by comprising:
a charging slot; and
a control unit that performs authentication communication with the control unit of the power storage pack by using a pattern of current flowing in the power line in a state where the power storage pack is attached to the charging slot,
the control unit of the charging device measures the contact resistance between the charging device and the storage group based on the voltage on the charging device side of the power line, the voltage on the storage group side of the power line received from the control unit of the storage group, and the current at the time of authentication communication using the pattern of the current flowing through the power line.
15. The charging device of claim 14,
the control unit of the charging device is temporarily connected to a control unit of a transmission destination of a signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication when the signal is received after the power storage pack is attached to the charging slot,
the control unit of the charging device transmits identification information to the control unit of the power storage pack attached to the charging slot using a pattern of current flowing in the power line,
the control unit of the charging apparatus checks whether or not identification information included in the received signal matches identification information transmitted using a pattern of current flowing through the power line when the signal transmitted by the short-range wireless communication is received from the control unit of the power storage group to which the temporary connection has been made, and authenticates that the power storage group attached to the charging slot is identical to a communication target of the short-range wireless communication when the identification information matches the identification information,
the control unit of the charging device measures the contact resistance during the authentication.
16. A charging arrangement as claimed in claim 14 or 15,
the control unit of the charging device transmits an alarm signal to a terminal device of a manager of the charging device when the measured contact resistance exceeds a threshold value.
17. The charging device according to any one of claims 14 to 16,
the control unit of the charging device sets a value in a state where the measured contact resistance value converges as a true value of the true contact resistance.
CN202180025109.9A 2020-04-01 2021-03-18 Electricity storage group, electric moving body, and charging device Pending CN115380418A (en)

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