CN115377464A - Fuel cell vehicle tail row system and fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents
Fuel cell vehicle tail row system and fuel cell vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115377464A CN115377464A CN202211230527.4A CN202211230527A CN115377464A CN 115377464 A CN115377464 A CN 115377464A CN 202211230527 A CN202211230527 A CN 202211230527A CN 115377464 A CN115377464 A CN 115377464A
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- fuel cell
- inlet
- outlet
- cell vehicle
- valve
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system and a fuel cell vehicle. According to the fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system, fresh air enters through the air inlet and is mixed with tail gas exhausted by the fuel cell system after passing through the one-way valve or the check valve, and the concentration of hydrogen in the tail exhaust gas is reduced due to the increase of the content of air without hydrogen after mixing, so that the safe exhaust of the tail gas in the driving process of the fuel cell vehicle is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, in particular to a fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system and a fuel cell vehicle.
Background
The fuel cell is a power generation device which directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, has the characteristics of high efficiency and cleanness, and is widely applied to the transportation industry in recent years. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is the most widely used fuel cell type at present, and the cathode and anode exhaust gas generated in the running process of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is discharged through a tail exhaust pipeline after being mixed, and the tail exhaust contains unreacted air, water vapor, hydrogen and liquid water. Since hydrogen is a flammable and explosive gas, the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell vehicle must be diluted to a safe range before the vehicle can be discharged to the atmosphere during driving. At present, the tail exhaust dilution of the fuel cell system is realized by a special dilution device or increased bypass flow, and the effect of reducing the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration is limited.
Patent CN 112234226A describes a heat dissipation airflow exhaust system for fuel cells, which guides air on the air side after being heated by a heat exchanger of a fuel cell system into a mixer, mixes the air with reacted air and hydrogen exhaust in an air exhaust pipe of a stack, and exhausts the air. However, the structural arrangement of this solution is complex and requires additional energy consumption.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a tail system of a fuel cell vehicle and a fuel cell vehicle to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system and a fuel cell vehicle, which can effectively reduce the concentration of tail exhaust hydrogen of the fuel cell vehicle and improve the safety.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
the invention provides a fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system which comprises an air inlet, a valve element and a fuel cell system, wherein an inlet of the air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere, an outlet of the air inlet is communicated with an inlet of the valve element through a pipeline, and an outlet of the valve element is communicated with a tail exhaust pipeline of the fuel cell system and then is communicated with the atmosphere.
Optionally, the valve member is a one-way valve or a check valve.
Optionally, the fuel cell system includes a galvanic pile, a gas-liquid separator, a hydrogen power device, a hydrogen storage device and a tail discharge valve, the galvanic pile includes an anode inlet and an anode outlet, the anode inlet is connected with an outlet of the hydrogen power device, the anode outlet is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator, a first outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a first inlet of the hydrogen power device and then connected with the tail discharge valve, and a second inlet of the hydrogen power device is connected with an outlet of the hydrogen storage device.
Optionally, the fuel cell system further comprises a liquid storage device, and a first inlet of the liquid storage device is connected with a second outlet of the gas-liquid separator and is used for storing the liquid water separated by the gas-liquid separator.
Optionally, the fuel cell system further comprises a drain valve in communication with an outlet of the reservoir.
Optionally, the fuel cell system further comprises a pressure reducing valve and a control valve, wherein an inlet of the pressure reducing valve is communicated with the hydrogen storage device, an outlet of the pressure reducing valve is communicated with an inlet of the pressure reducing valve, and an outlet of the pressure reducing valve is communicated with a second inlet of the hydrogen power device.
Optionally, the fuel cell system further includes a cavity and a water diversion device disposed in the cavity, the water diversion device includes a helical blade, and can perform cyclone separation on liquid water in the gaseous mixture to an inner wall of the cavity, a first inlet of the cavity is communicated with an outlet of the hydrogen power device, a first outlet of the cavity is communicated with an anode inlet of the stack, and a second inlet of the cavity is communicated with a second inlet of the liquid storage device.
Optionally, the fuel cell system further comprises a closure member, wherein an inlet of the closure member is communicated with the second outlet of the cavity, and an outlet of the closure member is communicated with the second inlet of the liquid storage device.
The invention also provides a fuel cell vehicle, which comprises the fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system according to any one of the technical schemes.
Alternatively, the air intake port is provided at a front end of the fuel cell vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system and the fuel cell vehicle are provided, the fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system is provided with the one-way valve or the check valve, and tail gas is prevented from being discharged from the dilution air inlet at the front end of the fuel cell vehicle under the condition that the fuel cell vehicle is in an idling state and the fuel cell system is still working. Fresh air enters through the air inlet and is mixed with tail gas exhausted by the fuel cell system after passing through the one-way valve or the check valve, and the concentration of hydrogen in the tail gas is reduced due to the increase of the content of air without hydrogen after mixing, so that the safe exhaust of the tail gas in the running process of the fuel cell vehicle is ensured, and the reliability and the safety of the tail gas exhaust system of the fuel cell vehicle are improved.
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a fuel cell vehicle tail row system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view showing a fuel cell system in a fuel cell vehicle tail row system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view showing a water dividing apparatus in a fuel cell system of an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a helical blade in a fuel cell system of an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
100-fuel cell vehicle tail-row system; 110-an air inlet; 120-a valve element;
200-a fuel cell system;
210-a hydrogen storage means; 220-a pressure relief valve; 230-a control valve; 240-hydrogen power plant;
250-a water diversion device; 251-a first water diversion member; 2511-a helical blade; 2512-a flow guide; 2513-inner flow guiding wall; 252-a second water diversion member; 2521-an air intake section; 2522-expanding section; 2523-an air outlet section; 2524-leg; 253-a housing;
260-electric pile; 261-anode inlet; 262-anode outlet;
270-a gas-liquid separator; 280-tail drain valve; 290-closure member; 2100-a reservoir; 2110-drain valve.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The term "including" and variations thereof as used herein is intended to be open-ended, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell vehicle, which includes a fuel cell vehicle exhaust system 100, where the fuel cell vehicle exhaust system 100 includes an air inlet 110, a valve element 120, and a fuel cell system 200, an inlet of the air inlet 110 is communicated with the atmosphere, an outlet of the air inlet is communicated with an inlet of the valve element 120 through a pipeline, and an outlet of the valve element 120 is communicated with an exhaust pipeline of the fuel cell system 200 and then is open to the atmosphere.
The intake port 110 is provided at the front end of the fuel cell vehicle, and uses the air flow generated when the vehicle travels as power.
Optionally, the valve element 120 is a one-way valve or a check valve to prevent exhaust gas from being discharged from the dilution air inlet of the front end of the fuel cell vehicle in a case where the fuel cell vehicle is in an idle state while the fuel cell system 200 is still operating, thereby improving reliability and safety of the fuel cell vehicle exhaust system 100.
In the fuel cell vehicle exhaust system 100 according to the present embodiment, fresh air enters through the air inlet 110, passes through the check valve or the check valve, and then is mixed with the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell system 200, and after mixing, the concentration of hydrogen in the exhaust gas is reduced due to the increase of the content of air that does not contain hydrogen, so as to achieve the purpose of safe discharge.
Further, the air intake 110 of the fuel cell vehicle tail system 100 of this embodiment is generally located at the front end of the fuel cell vehicle, and uses the air flow formed when the fuel cell vehicle is running as power. When the fuel cell vehicle needs a higher driving speed, the larger the output power of the corresponding fuel cell system 200 is, the larger the corresponding exhaust gas flow rate is, and the larger the flow rate of the ambient air flowing in through the air inlet 110 due to the driving of the fuel cell vehicle is, i.e. when the exhaust gas flow rate discharged by the fuel cell system 200 is larger, the larger the flow rate of the dilution air entering through the air inlet 110 is, the latter automatically changes along with the former change, thereby playing a role of diluting the exhaust gas in the whole operating range of the fuel cell system 200, and requiring no additional device or method to adjust the diluted release air flow rate.
Meanwhile, the fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system 100 of the embodiment is provided with a one-way valve or a check valve, so that exhaust gas is prevented from being discharged from a dilution air inlet at the front end of the fuel cell vehicle under the condition that the fuel cell vehicle is in an idle state and the fuel cell system 200 is still in operation, and the reliability and the safety of the fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system 100 are improved.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment can effectively reduce the concentration of the tail-discharged hydrogen of the fuel cell, thereby ensuring the safe emission of the tail gas in the running process of the fuel cell vehicle.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the fuel cell system 200 of the present embodiment includes a stack 260, a gas-liquid separator 270, a hydrogen power unit 240, a hydrogen storage unit 210, and a tail gate valve 280, the stack 260 includes an anode inlet 261 and an anode outlet 262, the anode inlet 261 is connected to an outlet of the hydrogen power unit 240, the anode outlet 262 is connected to an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 270, a first outlet of the gas-liquid separator 270 is connected to a first inlet of the hydrogen power unit 240 and then to the tail gate valve 280, and a second inlet of the hydrogen power unit 240 is connected to an outlet of the hydrogen storage unit 210.
Optionally, the fuel cell system 200 further comprises a reservoir 2100, and a first inlet of the reservoir 2100 is connected to a second outlet of the gas-liquid separator 270 for storing the liquid water separated by the gas-liquid separator 270.
Preferably, the fuel cell system 200 further includes a drain valve 2110, the drain valve 2110 is communicated with an outlet of the liquid storage device 2100, and the drain valve 2110 is used for draining liquid water in the liquid storage device 2100.
Further, the fuel cell system 200 further includes a pressure reducing valve 220 and a control valve 230, which play a role of reducing pressure of the pumped fresh hydrogen, an inlet of the pressure reducing valve 220 is communicated with the hydrogen storage device 210, an outlet of the pressure reducing valve 220 is communicated with an inlet of the pressure reducing valve 220, and an outlet of the pressure reducing valve 220 is communicated with a second inlet of the hydrogen power plant.
Alternatively, the hydrogen power plant 240 is an ejector or a circulation pump, and the hydrogen power plant 240 is selected as the ejector in this embodiment as long as the hydrogen gas can be pumped out.
Optionally, the fuel cell system 200 further includes a cavity and a water diversion device 250 disposed in the cavity, the water diversion device 250 includes a helical blade 2511 capable of separating liquid water in the gaseous mixture into an inner wall of the cavity, an inlet of the cavity is communicated with an outlet of the hydrogen power device, a first outlet is communicated with an anode inlet of the stack 260, and a second outlet is communicated with a second inlet of the liquid storage device 2100.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the water diversion device 250 of the present embodiment includes: the water-saving device comprises a tubular shell 253, a first water dividing part 251 and a second water dividing part 252 which are arranged in the shell 253, wherein the first end of the shell 253 is connected with the first water dividing part 251 in an integrated sealing mode, the second end of the shell 253 is connected with the second water dividing part 252 in a sealing mode, and the inner wall of the shell 253 and the outer walls of the first water dividing part 251 and the second water dividing part 252 form the cavity. The first water diversion member 251 comprises an end A and an end B, wherein the end A is used for air inlet, the end B is used for air outlet, the end A extends into the ejector and is in sealing connection with the ejector, and the end B extends into the shell 253. Preferably, the end a and the end B are connected with the housing 253 in a sealing manner and spaced from the inner wall of the housing 253. The end a is provided with a spiral blade 2511 therein, and the spiral blade 2511 is configured to generate a swirling flow around the center when the gaseous mixture flows through the tubular passage of the first water dividing member 251, and liquid water drops in the gaseous mixture flow along the inner wall of the first water dividing member 251 to the end B under the swirling flow. The second water diversion member 252 is connected to the second end of the housing 253, the air inlet end of the second water diversion member 252 extends into the port at the B end, and the air outlet end is connected to the anode inlet 261 of the stack 260. Preferably, the part of the second water diversion member 252 extending into the B-port is spaced apart from the inner wall of the first water diversion member 251.
Further, a downward flow channel is provided at a position of the housing 253 near the second end, and the swirling liquid water droplets are discharged from the flow channel. The end B is trumpet-shaped, a flow guide piece 2512 is arranged in the end A, the spiral blade 2511 is arranged on the flow guide piece 2512, and the inner wall of the end B is used as a flow guide inner wall 2513 for flow guide. Optionally, the part of the first water diversion member 251 extending into the housing 253 is arranged at a distance from the inner wall of the housing 253; a section of expanding section 2522 is arranged behind the inlet end port of the second water diversion member 252 to expand the flow rate. Specifically, the second water dividing member 252 includes an air inlet section 2521, an air outlet section 2523, an expanding section 2522 and support legs 2524, the inner diameter of the air inlet section 2521 is smaller than the inner diameter of the air outlet end, the inner diameter of the expanding section 2522 is gradually changed, a sufficiently large gap can be reserved between the air inlet section 2521 and the inner wall of the first water dividing member 251 to ensure that liquid water droplets cannot enter the airflow channel of the second water dividing member 252, the expanding section 2522 can increase the airflow cross-sectional area and reduce the gas pressure on the inner wall of the second water dividing member 252, and the air outlet section 2523 stabilizes the flow rate of the airflow, so that the flow rate of the airflow entering the stack 260 is stable. The second water diversion element 252 is sealingly connected to the housing 253 by the leg 2524.
Optionally, the fuel cell system 200 further comprises a closure member 290, an inlet of the closure member 290 being in communication with the second outlet of the cavity and an outlet being in communication with the first outlet of the reservoir 2100 for discharging separated liquid water droplets to the reservoir cavity.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or technical improvements to the market, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The fuel cell vehicle exhaust system is characterized by comprising an air inlet (110), a valve element (120) and a fuel cell system (200), wherein an inlet of the air inlet (110) is communicated with the atmosphere, an outlet of the air inlet is communicated with an inlet of the valve element (120) through a pipeline, and an outlet of the valve element (120) is communicated with an exhaust pipeline of the fuel cell system (200) and then is communicated with the atmosphere.
2. The fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the valve member (120) is a check valve or a check valve.
3. The fuel cell vehicle tail gate system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell system (200) includes a stack (260), a gas-liquid separator (270), a hydrogen power plant (240), a hydrogen storage device (210), and a tail gate valve (280), the stack (260) includes an anode inlet (261) and an anode outlet (262), the anode inlet (261) is connected to an outlet of the hydrogen power plant (240), the anode outlet (262) is connected to an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (270), a first outlet of the gas-liquid separator (270) is connected to a first inlet of the hydrogen power plant (240) and then to the tail gate valve (280), and a second inlet of the hydrogen power plant (240) is connected to an outlet of the hydrogen storage device (210).
4. The fuel cell vehicle tail exhaust system according to claim 3, wherein the fuel cell system (200) further includes a reservoir device (2100), a first inlet of the reservoir device (2100) being connected to the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator (270) for storing liquid water separated by the gas-liquid separator (270).
5. The fuel cell vehicle tail drain system according to claim 4, wherein the fuel cell system (200) further includes a drain valve (2110), the drain valve (2110) being in communication with an outlet of the liquid storage device (2100).
6. The fuel cell vehicle tailpipe system according to claim 3, wherein the fuel cell system (200) further comprises a pressure reducing valve (220) and a control valve (230), an inlet of the pressure reducing valve (220) being in communication with the hydrogen storage device (210), an outlet being in communication with an inlet of the pressure reducing valve (220), an outlet of the pressure reducing valve (220) being in communication with a second inlet of the hydrogen-powered device (240).
7. The fuel cell vehicle exhaust system according to claim 4, wherein the fuel cell system (200) further comprises a cavity and a water diversion device (250) disposed in the cavity, the water diversion device (250) comprises a helical blade (2511) capable of separating liquid water in a gaseous mixture into a swirling flow to an inner wall of the cavity, a first inlet of the cavity is communicated with an outlet of the hydrogen power device (240), a first outlet is communicated with an anode inlet (261) of the stack (260), and a second outlet is communicated with a second inlet of the liquid storage device (2100).
8. The fuel cell vehicle exhaust system according to claim 7, wherein the closure member (290) has an inlet in communication with the second outlet of the cavity and an outlet in communication with the second inlet of the reservoir (2100).
9. A fuel cell vehicle characterized by comprising the fuel cell vehicle tail system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the intake port (110) is provided at a front end of the fuel cell vehicle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211230527.4A CN115377464A (en) | 2022-10-09 | 2022-10-09 | Fuel cell vehicle tail row system and fuel cell vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211230527.4A CN115377464A (en) | 2022-10-09 | 2022-10-09 | Fuel cell vehicle tail row system and fuel cell vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115377464A true CN115377464A (en) | 2022-11-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211230527.4A Pending CN115377464A (en) | 2022-10-09 | 2022-10-09 | Fuel cell vehicle tail row system and fuel cell vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115377464A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-10-09 CN CN202211230527.4A patent/CN115377464A/en active Pending
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Effective date of registration: 20230609 Address after: 075051 No. 28, Zhanqian East Street, Qiaodong District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province Applicant after: Yihuatong Power Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100192 room c701, 7th floor, block C, building B-6, Dongsheng Science Park, Zhongguancun, 66 xixiaokou Road, Haidian District, Beijing Applicant before: BEIJING SINOHYTEC Co.,Ltd. |
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