CN115375872B - Automatic sketching method for GNSS measurement linear ground objects - Google Patents
Automatic sketching method for GNSS measurement linear ground objects Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/10—Constructive solid geometry [CSG] using solid primitives, e.g. cylinders, cubes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic sketching method of a GNSS measurement linear ground feature, which comprises the steps of calculating a base line section azimuth, taking an end point of the base line section azimuth as a vector starting point, taking each crushing step point as a vector end point, calculating a distance and an azimuth, carrying out incremental bubbling sequencing according to the distance, and forming an array by measuring point coordinates, the distance and an included angle; setting a threshold value, judging a measuring point of which the first included angle is smaller than the threshold value in the array, and removing the measuring point to obtain a new set; forming a new directed baseline section by the latest two points conforming to the rule, and repeating the steps until the measurement point Pm+1 conforming to the rule is not formed; if the number of the measuring points in the set is not less than 2, forming a new directed base line segment by the measuring point nearest to the point Pm and the point nearest to the point, updating the set, and repeating the steps. The invention automatically realizes the screening of the multi-section line nodes, completes the automatic drawing of the attribute lines of the linear ground objects, simplifies the line drawing mode, ensures that the points are not missed, provides reference for drawing the graph and reduces the operation difficulty and the working pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering measurement data processing, in particular to an automatic sketching method for a GNSS measurement linear ground object.
Background
In the field of engineering measurement, the GNSS receiver is widely used for measurement, and can directly collect three-dimensional coordinates and point attributes of the breaking points, so that the method has the advantages of high measurement speed, convenience in collection and the like. Completion of the project is not limited to acquisition completion, but also includes providing high quality map results to ensure availability of the owner to the mapping results.
After the field survey work is finished, the field arrangement still adopts a method of manually distinguishing and memorizing on site by the field staff based on the point attribute, so that the field staff is required to timely finish the topographic map drawing, the working efficiency is low, and the working pressure is high. The linear ground objects can only be picked up by operators manually, the speed is low, and the situations of wrong connection, missed connection and the like are easily caused in the repeated zooming process. Because the linear ground objects have reference and standard functions on graph drawing, the quick realization of the line ground object drawing has the effect of half effort on the whole internal finishing work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic sketching method of a GNSS measurement linear feature, which finishes the automatic sketching of the linear feature in a GNSS measurement exhibition result according to the broken step point attribute under the constraint of a designated first point and a second point.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides an automatic sketching method for a GNSS measurement linear ground object, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the coordinates of the nibbling points by using a GNSS receiver, synchronously editing the attributes of the adding points, and deriving a dat measurement file, and reading and expanding Gao Chengdian and expanding field measuring point codes in southern CASS software;
step 2: sequentially picking up a first point P1 and a second point P2 on the same side of the linear ground object to form a directional base line section X base Meanwhile, the elevation points are filtered by the attributes of the points P1 and P2, and a linear ground feature measurement point set G= { C1, …, cn };
step 3: calculate the base line segment X base Azimuth a of (2) bsae And in a base line segment X base The end point of (a) is the vector start point, C1, … and Cn are the vector end points, and a vector V is calculated C1 ，…，V Cn Distance L of (2) C1 ，…，L Cn Azimuth a C1 ，…，A Cn Obtaining a base line segment X base Vector V of AND C1 ，…，V Cn Included angle j= |a bsae -A C1 |，…，|A bsae -A Cn Progressively increasing bubbling sequencing according to the distance L, and then forming an array M by measuring point coordinates, an included angle J and the distance L;
step 4: setting a threshold e, judging a measuring point with a first included angle J smaller than the threshold e in the array M, marking the measuring point as a point Pj (j=3, …), and removing the point to obtain a new set G= { C1, …, cn-1};
step 5: constructing a new directed baseline segment X by using the latest two points Pj-1 and Pj conforming to rules base Repeating the steps 3 to 4 until the measurement points Pm+1 which are not in accordance with the rule form 1 point sets G1= { P1, …, pm };
step 6: if the number of measuring points in the set G is not less than 2, a new directional baseline segment X is formed by the measuring point nearest to the point Pm and the measuring point nearest to the measuring point base Updating the set G, and repeating the steps 3 to 5 until the number of the measuring points in the set G is less than 2, so as to obtain k point set Gs= { G1, …, gk };
step 7: after the identification is finished, drawing a multi-section line according to the set Gs to finish automatic drawing of the linear ground object;
step 8: if a plurality of linear ground objects exist, repeating the steps 2 to 7 until all the linear ground objects are automatically drawn.
Further, in the step 3, the azimuth angle refers to a horizontal angle between the clockwise direction and the target direction line from the north-pointing direction line of a certain point.
In step 4, the threshold e is used for eliminating the vertical measurement points of the linear ground objects, and the correct connection points of the linear ground objects are identified by using distance sorting, and the values of the threshold e are determined by the interval of the measurement points, the width of the linear ground objects and the overall trend.
The beneficial effects are that:
the automatic sketching method for the GNSS measurement linear ground object provided by the invention can finish automatic sketching of the linear ground object in the GNSS measurement display point result according to the broken step point attribute under the constraint of the appointed first point and the second point, and has the advantages of two aspects: on one hand, the screening of the multi-section line nodes (broken steps) can be automatically realized by adopting the rules of circulation, judgment and iteration, so that the automatic drawing of the attribute line of the linear ground object is completed, the line drawing mode is simplified, the drawing efficiency is improved, and the points are ensured not to be missed; on the other hand, the quick and automatic drawing of the current ground object can provide a reference for drawing the graph, reduce the operation difficulty and the working pressure, and further improve the work result submitting progress.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a nibble point in a CASS of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a plane view of the automatic drawing of the linear ground object of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses an automatic sketching method for a GNSS measurement linear ground object, comprising the following steps:
step 1: and measuring the coordinates of the nibbles by using a GNSS receiver, synchronously editing the attributes of the added points, deriving a dat measurement file, and then reading and expanding Gao Chengdian and expanding field measuring point codes in the south CASS software.
Step 2: sequentially picking up a first point P1 and a second point P2 on the same side of the linear ground object to form a first directional base line section X base Meanwhile, the elevation points are filtered by the attributes of the points P1 and P2, and a linear ground feature measurement point set G= { C1, … and Cn } is obtained.
Step 3: calculate the base line segment X base Azimuth a of (2) bsae And in a base line segment X base The end point of (a) is the vector start point, C1, … and Cn are the vector end points, and a vector V is calculated C1 ，…，V Cn Distance L of (2) C1 ，…，L Cn Azimuth a C1 ，…，A Cn Obtaining a base line segment X base Vector V of AND C1 ，…，V Cn Included angle j= |a bsae -A C1 |，…，|A bsae -A Cn And I, performing incremental bubbling sequencing according to the distance L, and then forming an array M by using the coordinates of the measurement points, the included angle J and the distance L. In the invention, the azimuth angle refers to a horizontal included angle from a north-pointing direction line at a certain point to a target direction line in a clockwise direction.
Step 4: setting a threshold e, judging a measuring point with a first included angle J smaller than the threshold e in the array M, marking the measuring point as a point Pj (j=3, …), removing the point to obtain a new set G= { C1, …, cn-1}, wherein the threshold e is used for removing the vertical measuring point of the linear ground object, and identifying a correct linear ground object connecting point by using distance sorting, wherein the value of the vertical measuring point is usually determined by the interval of the measuring point, the width of the linear ground object and the overall trend.
Step 5: the points Pj-1 and Pj form a new directed baseline segment X base The third to fourth steps are repeated until there is no regular measurement point pm+1, constituting 1 point set g1= { P1, …, pm }.
Step 6: if the number of measuring points in the set G is not less than 2, a new directional baseline segment X is formed by the measuring point nearest to the point Pm and the measuring point nearest to the point base And updating the set G, repeating the third step to the fifth step until the number of the measuring points in the set G is less than 2, and obtaining k point set Gs= { G1, …, gk }.
Step 7: after the identification is finished, drawing the multi-section line according to the set Gs, and completing the automatic drawing of the linear ground object.
Step 8: if a plurality of linear ground objects exist, repeating the second step to the seventh step until all the linear ground objects are automatically drawn.
According to the method flow shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment uses the sketched 1 km highway boundary point as an application example, and further clarifies the present invention:
in the first step, a GNSS receiver is used to collect highway boundary points and other characteristic breaking points, and characteristic attributes are noted, and then the results are developed Gao Chengdian and developed field measuring point codes in CASS, as shown in fig. 2.
Secondly, manually judging and selecting a first point P1 and a second point P2 of the boundary points at the same side of the highway to form a first directional base line section X base An effective set of boundary measurement nibbles (C1, …, C101, and excluding P1, P2) is filtered based on the two-point attribute.
Third step, calculate the base line segment X base And by X base Endpoint (X) base ，Y base ) And points C1, …, C101(X n ，Y n ) Composition vector, using formulaCalculating the distance, calculating the azimuth angle using equation (1) and obtaining the distance from the baseline segment X base Azimuth difference between (a) and (b).
Where α=atan ((X) n -X base )/(Y n -Y base ))。
And then increasing bubbling sequencing is carried out according to the distance to obtain an ordered number group M containing point coordinate information, the distance and the angle difference value.
Fourth, a threshold value e=18 (usually determined by the measurement point spacing, the line feature width, the overall trend, etc.) is set from ordered (distance X base Distance increment sequencing of end points) to find the boundary measuring nibbling point with the first angle difference smaller than the threshold value e according to lines in the array M to obtain a node P3 (underlined lines in the array), and removing the point to obtain a new nibbling point set (C1, …, C100, and does not contain P1, P2 and P3).
Fifth, a new baseline segment X is formed by the latest two points conforming to the rules base The third to fourth steps are repeated until there is no regular measurement point P52, and 1 point set g1= { P1, …, P51}, is formed.
Sixthly, the new crushing step point set still has 52 points, and the point closest to the P51 and the point closest to the point are taken to form a new directional baseline section X because the point is not less than 2 base And updating the set G (reducing by 2 again), repeating the third step to the fifth step until the number of the measuring points in the set G is smaller than 2, and obtaining k point set Gs= { G1, …, gk }.
Seventh, after the recognition is finished, sequentially using "polyline=new Polyline ()" according to the set Gs; and drawing a multi-section line, as shown in fig. 3, to complete automatic drawing of the linear ground object.
And eighth, if a plurality of linear ground objects exist, repeating the second step to the seventh step until all the linear ground objects are automatically drawn.
The automatic sketching method for the GNSS measurement linear ground object provided by the invention can finish automatic sketching of the linear ground object in the GNSS measurement display point result according to the broken step point attribute under the constraint of the appointed first point and the second point, and has the advantages of two aspects: on one hand, the screening of the multi-section line nodes (broken steps) can be automatically realized by adopting the rules of circulation, judgment and iteration, so that the automatic drawing of the attribute line of the linear ground object is completed, the line drawing mode is simplified, the drawing efficiency is improved, and the points are ensured not to be missed; on the other hand, the quick and automatic drawing of the current ground object can provide a reference for drawing the graph, reduce the operation difficulty and the working pressure, and further improve the work result submitting progress.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An automatic sketching method for a GNSS measurement linear ground object is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: measuring the coordinates of the nibbling points by using a GNSS receiver, synchronously editing the attributes of the adding points, and deriving a dat measurement file, and reading and expanding Gao Chengdian and expanding field measuring point codes in southern CASS software;
step 2: sequentially picking up a first point P1 and a second point P2 on the same side of the linear ground object to form a directional base line section X base Meanwhile, the elevation points are filtered by the attributes of the points P1 and P2, and a linear ground feature measurement point set G= { C1, …, cn };
step 3: calculate the base line segment X base Azimuth a of (2) bsae And in a base line segment X base The end point of (2) is the vector start pointC1, …, cn is the vector endpoint, calculate vector V C1 ,…,V Cn Distance L of (2) C1 ,…,L Cn Azimuth a C1 ,…,A Cn Obtaining a base line segment X base Vector V of AND C1 ,…,V Cn Included angle j= |a bsae -A C1 |,…,|A bsae -A Cn Progressively increasing bubbling sequencing according to the distance L, and then forming an array M by measuring point coordinates, an included angle J and the distance L; by the formulaCalculating the distance, calculating the azimuth angle using equation (1) and obtaining the distance from the baseline segment X base Azimuth difference between (2):
where α=atan ((X) n -X base )/(Y n -Y base ) A) is provided; then carrying out incremental bubbling sequencing according to the distance to obtain an ordered number group M containing point coordinate information, the distance and the angle difference value;
step 4: setting a threshold e, judging a measuring point with a first included angle J smaller than the threshold e in the array M, marking the measuring point as a point Pj (j=3, …), and removing the point to obtain a new set G= { C1, …, cn-1};
step 5: constructing a new directed baseline segment X by using the latest two points Pj-1 and Pj conforming to rules base Repeating the steps 3 to 4 until the measurement points Pm+1 which are not in accordance with the rule form 1 point sets G1= { P1, …, pm };
step 6: if the number of measuring points in the set G is not less than 2, a new directional baseline segment X is formed by the measuring point nearest to the point Pm and the measuring point nearest to the measuring point base Updating the set G, and repeating the steps 3 to 5 until the number of the measuring points in the set G is less than 2, so as to obtain k point set Gs= { G1, …, gk };
step 7: after the identification is finished, drawing a multi-section line according to the set Gs to finish automatic drawing of the linear ground object;
step 8: if a plurality of linear ground objects exist, repeating the steps 2 to 7 until all the linear ground objects are automatically drawn.
2. The automatic sketching method of GNSS surveying linear features according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the azimuth angle refers to a horizontal angle from a north-pointing direction line of a certain point, clockwise to a target direction line.
3. The automatic sketching method of the GNSS surveying linear feature according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the threshold e is used to eliminate the vertical surveying point of the linear feature, and the correct connecting point of the linear feature is identified by using distance sorting, and the value is determined by the interval of the surveying point, the width of the linear feature and the overall trend.
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| US9720093B2 (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2017-08-01 | Javad Gnss, Inc. | Land surveying using GNSS device |
| CN113093256B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2024-02-13 | 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 | GNSS/IMU mapping system and method |
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| CN104091005A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-08 | 浙江省电力设计院 | Overhead power transmission line engineering surveying indoor operation and field operation integrated system |
| CN110132233A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-08-16 | 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 | Current relief map drawing practice under a kind of CASS environment based on point cloud data |
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